Nutrient Cycling Via Forage Litter In Tropical Grass-Legume Pastures,
2024
CIAT
Nutrient Cycling Via Forage Litter In Tropical Grass-Legume Pastures, R J. Thomas, M Fisher, C Lascano, I M. Rao, M Ayarza, N Asakawa
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Monthly rates of litter production were compared in pastures of Brachiaria dictyonenra either alone or in associations with Centrosema acutifolium or Stylosanthes capitata at low (I) medium ( 1.5), or high (2.0 animals/ha) stocking rates. Even though litter biomass at the start of grazing differed between treatments, after 3 months' grazing there were no differences either between grass or grass-legume pastures or between stocking rates in monthly rates of litter production. There were large differences in the quality of pasture litter however, the associations having 3- to· 4-fold greater concentrations of N, P and Ca compared with grass-only pastures …
New Panicum Maximum Cultivars For Diverse Ecosystems In Brazil,
2024
EMBRAPA
New Panicum Maximum Cultivars For Diverse Ecosystems In Brazil, L Jank, J C.G Costa, Y H. Savidan, C B. Do Valle
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In 1982 a collection of 426 accessions of Panicum maximum (guinea grass) representative of its natural variability, was introduced co Brazil through a co-operative agreement with Prance. After 2 years of agronomic and morphological evaluation of this germplasm in small plots in Campo Grande, MS, 25 accessions were selected to be tested in diverse ecosystems throughout Brazil. The national network of evaluation was established in January 1988, over 7 states of the country: 2 in the humid tropics, 3 in the savannas, 1 towards the north-east coast and 1 in the subtropics. Agronomic variables studied were dry season and year-round …
Agronomic Evaluation Of Brachiaria Germplasm In Brazil,
2024
EMBRAPA-CNPGC
Agronomic Evaluation Of Brachiaria Germplasm In Brazil, C B. Do Valle, S Calixto, M C. Amexquita
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Increasing demands for new cultivars of grasses adapted to the acid soils of tropical savannas and resistant to spittlebugs (Homoptera:Cercopidae) led CIAT to organise collections of Brachiaria spp. germplasm in eastern Africa in the 1980s. Over 800 accessions were assembled and distributed to various countries. Bmpresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropeculiria (BMBRAPA) received about 300 accessions which are being evaluated with the objective of selecting superior Brachiaria cultivars to be released to farmers. This paper reports on the agronomic performance of 184 accessions belonging to 5 different species, evaluated for 2 years in small plots, in Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. Parameters …
Climatic Variation In The Monsoonal Subtropics Of China And Its Effect On Grassland Farming,
2024
UNDP-NZ-China Co-operation Project
Climatic Variation In The Monsoonal Subtropics Of China And Its Effect On Grassland Farming, Jizhou Ren, Xianglin Li, P.N P. Matthews
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The subtropical regions of China, making up 28% of the total area of the country, are characterised by 3 types of ecological environment as a result of effects of the monsoon climate: Indian Ocean monsoondominated (dry winter-spring), Pacific Ocean monsoon-dominated (hot, dry summer), and highland transitional (moderate) types. Bach of these has specific patterns of humidity (referred to as K value) and pasture growth. The main constraints to and opportunities for grasshind farming in China's subtropics are highlighted.
Seasonal Yield Distribution Pattern Of Dryland Pastures In Yucatan, Mexico,
2024
Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan
Seasonal Yield Distribution Pattern Of Dryland Pastures In Yucatan, Mexico, I R. Armendariz, J B. Castillo, M E. Bolio, L Ramirez
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
An experiment was conducted in order to characterise the seasonal distribution of the dry malt er (DM) yield of buff el ( Cenclmis ciliaris), guinea (Panicum maximum) and llanero (Andropogon gayanus) swards under dryland conditions in Yucaufo, Mexico. Average rainfall is 952 mm - falling mainly in June-November. Treatments consisted of a factorial arrangement of grass species, and 3 series of plots rotationally 6 weeks with 2-week intervals between cuts, all allocated to 4 blocks on a Luvisol. Plot size was 3x4 m and the sampling area was 6.9 m2, The cutting height was 20 cm. Fertilisers …
Potential Yield And Adaptability Of Tropical Forages In Different Ecological Regions Of Burundi,
2024
ISABU
Potential Yield And Adaptability Of Tropical Forages In Different Ecological Regions Of Burundi, P Brandelard, O Ncamihgo
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The permanent grasslands based mainly on Eragrostis olivacea are (disappearing in Burundi, because of the increasing density of small . farms. As a result, the integration of forage cultivation in the traditional farming systems becomes of vital importance for the survival of livestock production. A 5-year investigation on yields, nutritive value, persistence and adaptability to soil and altitude of several indigenous and introduced tropical forage grasses and legumes in various ecological regions of Burundi led to proposals that some well-adapted species and cultivars be distributed to farmers. Some species, like Tripsacum andersonii, Pennisetum purpureum and Desmodium intortmn, are quite …
Evaluation Of A Collection Of Paspalum Sp. Aff P. Plicatulum For The Cerrado Ecosystem, Brazil,
2024
EMBRAPA-CENARGEN SAIN
Evaluation Of A Collection Of Paspalum Sp. Aff P. Plicatulum For The Cerrado Ecosystem, Brazil, J.F M. Vallis, E A. Pizarro, M A. Carvalho
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The present work summarises the results of the agronomic evaluation of 42 accessions of Paspalum sp. aff. P. plicatulum, with 2 levels of fertiliser (low=pasture establishment and high=crop production) on a red-yellow latosol. Dry matter DM yield in the first 10 months from establishment ranged from 350 to 4400 kg/ha. 47 days from the start of the rainy season, estimated DMY ranged from 400 to 3700 kg/ha. DM yield accumulated during the whole wet season (October-May) ranged from 1 to 18 t/ha. The proportions of dead and green material were variable, with big differences (P<0.001) between accessions. At the end of the rainy period (122 days regrowth), the ratio ranged from 0.3:1 to 25:1 (BRA009652 and 009687 respectively). The mean Crude protein content was 10.3%:tl.21 and the mean intro DM digestibility was 49%±3.7 with a range of 16 units between accessions (40% • 56%). The germplasm tested was free of foliar diseases and insect pests, including spittlebug. Seed yield was variable, ranging from very little to 1200 kg/ha pure seed yield for the most promising accessions.
Effect Of Nitrogen Fertilizer Applied As Urea To Dryland Tropical Grass Pastures On Presentation Yield And Chemical Composition,
2024
Griffith University
Effect Of Nitrogen Fertilizer Applied As Urea To Dryland Tropical Grass Pastures On Presentation Yield And Chemical Composition, G K. Reason, T M. Bowdler, K F. Lowe, J Chaseling
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Pasture yields responded to applied nitrogen (urea) at either 200, 400 or 600 kg/ha/year of N under generally adverse seasonal conditions. Dry (DM) matter production differences were measured in each year, and in all seasons except spring for the 200 v. 400 kg N comparison. Autumn DM production increased by 25% with the increase from 200 - 400 kg N, and an additional 200 kg N resulted in a further 10.4% increase in dry matter yield. Botanical composition changes were consistent with expectations that Nitrogen would favour the more valuable pasture species. The expected improvement in feed quality as a …
Advances In Pasture Research And Education In Cuba,
2024
MINAG
Advances In Pasture Research And Education In Cuba, F Funes
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Although some pasture research has been carried out since the beginning of the century, during the last 30 years important advances in pasture research and education have been attained in Cuba, In 1962 the first experimental s1ation specializing in pastures was created; at present there are 3 national centers and 15 research stations in different provinces of Cuba, with more than 200 scientists, 400 1echnicians and approximately 500 workers. Moreover, further research at the universities and technological schools are carried out. Every 5 years national research programs co-ordinated by the Academy of Sciences in search of solutions to the main …
Land Use Transition In The Grazing Areas Of Narok District, Kenya,
2024
University of Nairobi
Land Use Transition In The Grazing Areas Of Narok District, Kenya, W N. Wamicha, V P. D'Costa
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This work underscores the need for land use transitions in the Kilgoris and Lolgorien divisions of the Narok district, Because of the competition for grass between livestock and wildlife in addition to low technology used by the farmers, concentration of livestock in the area is very low (I SU/3 ha). Although the area is in agroclimatic zones (1-111), with high to medium potential for agricultural production, less than 40% is under cultivation. The main objective of this study was therefore to analyse the environmental and economic aspects of the potential agricultural production in the area. Animal production has ��en found …
Productivity And Nutritive Value Of The New Perennial Protein Fodder Crop Galega Orientalis Lam. Cv. Gale, B Radenovic
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Galega orienalis Lam. cv. Gale was first sown in Yugoslavia in 1991, in the north Backa region. The yields of green mass and hay, and crude protein, crude fat, ash and dry matter (DM) contents, obtained from 2 swaths in the year of sowing were much higher than those obtained from lucerne as the control crop.
Effects Of Mulch Types On Early Growth Of The Browse Plant Gmelina Arborea Roxb. In Nigeria,
2024
Imo State University
Effects Of Mulch Types On Early Growth Of The Browse Plant Gmelina Arborea Roxb. In Nigeria, L C. Nwaigbo, O A. Opara-Nadi, F N. Madubuike
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Early growth or Gmelina arborea under 3 different mulch treatments and an unmulched control was investigated. Plants were grown in drained polythene bags measuring 36 cm flat width and 40 cm deep. The mulch treatments were plastic and 6 t/ha and 12 t/ha fresh Panicum maximum. The experiment was rain-Ced and was a completely randomised design with 5 replications. Three weeks after germination 2 seedlings were transplanted into each polythene bag. Plant height and leaf area measurements at weekly intervals started at the 7th week after transplanting (WAT). Shoot biomass and root biomass were determined at the 18th WAT. …
Ponded Pasture Systems For Beef Production In Seasonally Dry Zones Of Northern Australia,
2024
Department of Industries
Ponded Pasture Systems For Beef Production In Seasonally Dry Zones Of Northern Australia, J H. Wildin
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In northern Australia's monsoonal zone the dry season nutritional stress is a major constraint to beef production. Between May and November the quality of dry native pastures is extremely low, particularly in digestibility, nitrogen and mineral content, and cattle lose weight. To overcome this serious constraint many innovative technologies in cattle husbandry, supplementary feeding and improved pastures have been developed, Growing water-loving grasses for green forage in the dry season using wet season water in artificial ponds is a permanent forage system being adopted commercially in central Queensland and other regions of northern Australia. Para grass (Bracltiaria mutica) …
Development And Adoption Of Sustainable Pasture Improvement Technologies In Smallholder And Plantation Farming Systems In Vanuatu, D C. Mcfarlane, B F. Mullen, T R. Evans
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Vanuatu is the only small Pacific island state exporting beef as well as being domestically self-sufficient. The implementation of an integrated livestock development programme including a pasture improvement project with applied research and demonstration, extension and training responsibilities has contributed to a 24.3% improvement in abattoir throughput and a 7% improvement in beef as an export commodity. Approximately 1600 smallholders (15%) and 60 plantations (30%) are actively adopt.ing proven, on-farm demonstrated technologies, promoted by government and nongovernment extension networks, involving under-utilised native legumes, adapted introduced legumes and grasses, zero-tilling, disc strip and new manual pasture establishment techniques and weed management …
Improving Seedling Establishment In Panicum Colaratum L.,
2024
USDA, Agricultural Research Service
Improving Seedling Establishment In Panicum Colaratum L., B A. Young, C R. Tischler, P W. Voigt
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Kleingrass (Panicun coloratum L.) populations from 2 germplasm sources previously subjected to 3 cycles (C3) of recurrent selection for increased seedling shoot fresh weight were compared with the base (Co') populations for shoot growth, root growth, seed weight and seed starch. content, Shoot weight (fresh and dry) was significantly greater in c3: than in C0 when evaluated in the environment In which selection was: practised (growth chamber). Large significant differences in fresh and· dry weight between C0 and C3 populations were also observed in I field. experiment; with smaller, non-significant differences in a second field· experiment. Seed weight was …
Performance Of White Clover Types In Uruguay,
2024
INIA
Performance Of White Clover Types In Uruguay, J A. Garcia
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is a short-lived legume in Uruguay, usually not lasting more than 3 or 4 years. The cultivar type currently being used is medium leaved and profusely flowering. Analysis of a series of variety trials over a period of 1 S years revealed that large leaved types were the best in terms of herbage yields and vegetative persistency. Frequent moisture deficit and high summer temperatures are the most important environmental factors affecting growth of white clover in Uruguay. The good performance of large-leaved types could be due to theit deeper and tap-rooted root systems.
A Search For Persistent Perennial Legumes For Temperate Australia,
2024
CSIRO
A Search For Persistent Perennial Legumes For Temperate Australia, M J. Hill, C Mulcahy, G Rapp
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Problems with persistence of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) in extensive pastures of the high rainfall zone in eastern Australia necessitate the use of a wider range of perennial legumes. A range of species have been evaluated in nurseries and in regional on-farm trials on the northern Tablelands of New South Wales. Caucasian clover and I.oms spp. have proven most successful so far. Caucasian clover has been more productive than white clover at 2 sites in spring 1991 and autumn 1992, Hexaploid Caucasian clover has been subjected to the first of 3 cycles of recurrent selection for seedling vigour. …
Astred- A Stoloniferous Red Clover,
2024
DPIF Tasmania
Astred- A Stoloniferous Red Clover, R S. Smith, D J. Bishop
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Astred is a stoloniferous red clover (Trifolium pratense L.}, selected from parent material collected in Portugal. This clover can reproduce both by seed and vegetatively through stolons and daughter plants. II has persisted in pas:ture trials for 16 years, retaining a ground cov
Impact Of White Clover Cultivars On Nitrogen Fixation And Livestock Production In New Zealand Hill Pasture,
2024
AgResearch, NZ
Impact Of White Clover Cultivars On Nitrogen Fixation And Livestock Production In New Zealand Hill Pasture, D F. Chapman, A D. Mackay, B P. Devantier, N Dymock
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Growth, nitrogen fixation and animal production of pastures based on the white clover (Trifolium repens L.) cultivars Grasslands Tabora or Grasslands Huia, and of unamended pastures containing the "resident" clover ecotype, were compared In a self-contained systems experiment on moderate to steep, low-fertility hill country. Put-andtake stocking of hoggets was used to assess animal production, with stocking rate determined by a feed budget model. Tabora- and Huiabased pastures had higher white clover contents than resident pastures over the first 3 years of measurement, and Tabora-based pastures fixed 4591, more N than resident pastures over 1 full year. Benefits in …
Significance Of Seed Size And Level Of Hard Seededness On Survival Of Medic Seeds Ingested By Sheep,
2024
University of Adelaide
Significance Of Seed Size And Level Of Hard Seededness On Survival Of Medic Seeds Ingested By Sheep, F Squella, E D. Carter
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
One experiment tested the effects of 2 seed sizes (from small and large pods) and 2 levels of hnrdseededness (low and high) on survival of Medicago truncatula Oaerln. cv. Paraggio seeds in whole pods fed to sheep. A maximum survival of 6.6% was obtained for the viable seed output/total seed input when the small pod size (small seeds) with the highest level of hard seed was fed to the sheep. Dy contrast, there was only n 1.1 % survival when the large pod size (larger seeds) with the lowest level of hard seed was fed to sheep. A second experiment …
