The Effect Of Cutting And Goat Grazing On The Structure And Function Of Maqui Rangelands In Israel,
2025
The Volcani Center
The Effect Of Cutting And Goat Grazing On The Structure And Function Of Maqui Rangelands In Israel, A Perevolotsky
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The Maqui, a vegetation form composed of evergreen shrubs and small trees with sclerophyllous leaves, dominates the Mediterranean Basin. In recent decades the Maqui ecosystem has been recovering from centuries of overexploitation and often develops into a dense thicket. Developing a proprer management scheme for the Maqui ecosystem has become, therefore, a challenge in many Mediterranean countries. Among the methods suggested to keep dense Maqui open and restore the balance· between the growing woody component and the herbaceous biomass, was the use of goats, which have gained fame as efficient browsers (e.g., Huss, 1971).
The Effect Of Grazing By Sheep And Kangaroos Upon The Survival Of Grasses In A Semi-Arid Woodland Of South Eastern Australia,
2025
NSW Agriculture
The Effect Of Grazing By Sheep And Kangaroos Upon The Survival Of Grasses In A Semi-Arid Woodland Of South Eastern Australia, A C. Grice
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Since settlement by Europeans, the vegetation of the semiarid woodlands of south eastern Australia has undergone major changes. The change of greatest significance to pastoral industries has been the increase in woody species and the decline of endemic perennial grasses (Anon, 1969). One cause of change has been grazing by large numbers of sheep, the introduced rabbit and the increased populations of kangaroos (Wilson et al., 1984; Newsome, 1975). Grazing-induced changes have meant not only the reduction in a valuable forage component but reduced competition for small shrub seedlings and a lowered probability of fires that kill shrubs. (Harrington et …
Evolution Et Degradation D'Un Ecosysteme Pature En Zone Soudano-Guineenne Au Cameroun,
2025
IEMVY/CIRAD
Evolution Et Degradation D'Un Ecosysteme Pature En Zone Soudano-Guineenne Au Cameroun, G Rippstein
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
L'Adamaoua est un vaste plateau situe en Afrique Centrale entre Jes 6° et 8° de latitude nord et Jes 10° et 16° de longitude est a des altitudes comprises entre 900 et I 500 m. Le climat y est soudanien avec une saison des pluies de 7 a 9 mois et I 600 a 1 800 mm de precipitation. Les observations foites en station ont montre des modifications relativement foibles de la contribution des especes et des biomasses avec Jes feux, le paturage, Jes chargements moderes, Jes systemes d'exploitation et Jes repos periodiques frequents (Rippstein, 1985). Nous rapportons ici Jes …
Human And Animal Impacts On Vegetation And Forage Plants In The Southern Guinea Savanna Of Nigeria,
2025
Rivers State University of Science And Technology, Nigeria
Human And Animal Impacts On Vegetation And Forage Plants In The Southern Guinea Savanna Of Nigeria, L C. Nwaigbo
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Human beings and animals interact with their habitat. This interaction changes the structure of the organization of communities of plants. The region that has been changed for worst with tress being replaced by grasses as a result of burning is the Savanna region of Nigeria. Annual fire is a common occurence in Nigerian Savanna and this ecological factor has altered the original vegetation of these areas. Burning is usually undertaken for clearing land for cultivation and also for production of a flush of fresh palatable grass for grazing by the nomadic cattle herdsmen. Forage plants like Afzelia africana, Pterocarpus erinaceus …
Utilisation Sylvopastorale De L'Espinal (Acacia Caven) Dans L'Aire Climatique Mediterraneenne Du Chili. Influence De L'Arbre Sur La Vegetation Pastorale,
2025
Estacion experimental Quilamapu
Utilisation Sylvopastorale De L'Espinal (Acacia Caven) Dans L'Aire Climatique Mediterraneenne Du Chili. Influence De L'Arbre Sur La Vegetation Pastorale, C Ovalle, J Avendano
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
L'espinal constitue d'une strate ligneuse dominee par l'arbre autochtone, Acacia caven, et d'une strate herbacee dominee par ��es therophytes d'origine circummediterraneenne, est la formation vegetale pastorale d'importance economique majeure du Chili mediterraneen. L'amelioration pastorale de l'espinal, du fait de la presence simultanee des deux strates de vegetation, se heurte toujours a la question de la place, de !'utilisation ou du role d' Acacia caven par rapport a la strate herbacee dans le systeme ecologique complexe. Une premiere partie des resultats sur !'influence de l'arbre a ete presentee par Ovalle (1986) et Ovalle et Avendano (1987). Cette contribution ajoute des resultats …
Grazing Pressure By Sheep: Consequences For Pasture Stability In An Australian Mulga Woodland,
2025
CSIRO
Grazing Pressure By Sheep: Consequences For Pasture Stability In An Australian Mulga Woodland, K C. Hodgkinson, J W. Terpstra
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The mulga woodlands are an extensive (1.6 km2) native pasture type in semi-arid and arid Australia and mainly utilised for wool production (merino sheep). The dominant shrub/treee species is mulga (Acacia aneura) which usually occurs in groves across slopes. Pastures comprise perennial grasses and ephemeral forbs. Continuous grazing by sheep and cattle and fire suppression has led to widespread degradation of these pastures; perennial grasses have diminished in abundance and been replaced by ephemeral forbs and inedible shrubs. This paper reports the grazing pressure on Thryridolepis mitchelliana (a perennial grass ubiquitous in mulga woodlands but commonly diminished in abundance) …
Buried Viable Seeds In The Alberta Foothills Under High Intensity Low Frequency Grazing And The Resemblance To Seed Rain,
2025
University of Alberta
Buried Viable Seeds In The Alberta Foothills Under High Intensity Low Frequency Grazing And The Resemblance To Seed Rain, R Lagroix-Mclean, Jane R. King
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Sudies describing seed banks and seed rain on native rangelands are few in number although it is recognized that there is an abundance of viable seed within the soil (Rabinowitz, 1981; Johnston et al., 1969). The seed bank and seed rain represent an integral part of the potential for recruitment or regeneration of species into the sward (Rabinowitz, 1981). The role of seed banks in succession is yet to be completely understood. Field experiments were conducted to describe seed bank and seed rain on a Canadian native prairie and to evaluate the impact of high intensity low frequency grazing on …
The Structure Of The Grass/Clover Sward And Its Implications In Sward Management,
2025
AFRC
The Structure Of The Grass/Clover Sward And Its Implications In Sward Management, Alison Davies
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In attempting to formulate management rules for perennial ryegrass/white clover pastures it is important to try to distinguish between changes in clover content which result from management, and those which result from the different responses of grass and clover to the changing environment. This paper discusses the similarities and differences between the response patterns of components of growth in grass and clover and attempts to show how the differences between the two species my be exploited to control the balance between them.
Effets Du Pietinement Des Bovins Sur Le Trefle Blanc Pur Ou En Association,
2025
INRA
Effets Du Pietinement Des Bovins Sur Le Trefle Blanc Pur Ou En Association, Francoise Vertes
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Le pietinement des bovins en mauvaises conditions de portance, !ors du dernier paturage d'automne ou de la mise a l'herbe au printemps, etant le principal facteur de deterioration de la structure des sols (Lauden, 1986), nous en avons etudie Jes effets sur Jes plantes et Jes sols, a l'echelle stationnelle, en Bretagne. Une double demarche analytique et synthetique permet de quantifier a court et moyen terme Jes consequences directes et indirectes du pietinement (Morion,. 1983). Une premiere experimentation (1987) concerne un pietinement de printemps, plus ou moins intense; la deuxieme (1987-1988) integre Jes effets d'un pietinement d'hiver, cumule ou non …
Changes Under Sheep Grazing In The Species Composition Of Sown Pastures With Special Reference To White Clover,
2025
Academy of Agriculture
Changes Under Sheep Grazing In The Species Composition Of Sown Pastures With Special Reference To White Clover, J Gajda, M Warda, J Sawicki, Anna Kotakowska
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
White clover is a valuable component of pasture (Thomson, 1978). The level of nitrogen fertilization and the method of pasture utilization (Mackenzie, 1982), as well as habitat conditions (Lenoble, 1975) have a decided effect upon the persistence of this species in the sward. However, the stability of white clover in the sward is a complex problem and further studies are required. This paper records changes in the species composition of pasture sward caused by sheep grazing with special reference to white clover.
Variation With Season And Node Position In Carbohydrate Content Of White Clover Stolons,
2025
DSIR
Variation With Season And Node Position In Carbohydrate Content Of White Clover Stolons, M.J M. Hay, A.C P. Chu, M V. Knighton, S Wewala
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Storage of carbohydrate in stolon of field-grown white clover (Trifolium repens L.) is important as up to 60 % of dry matter is in stolons and their carbohydrate content is high relative to roots (Harris et al., 1983). Previously no account has been taken of node position when the carbohydrate status of stolons has been assessed. Most field-grown white clover is clonal, with older nodes continually dying as new nodes are formed, hence the pattern of carbohydrate storage of individual nodes may differ. The objectives of this study were to determine the carbohydrate status of individual nodes at different …
Simulation Of The Effect Of Stolon Death Rates On Branching Structure Of White Clover Plants,
2025
DSIR
Simulation Of The Effect Of Stolon Death Rates On Branching Structure Of White Clover Plants, V J. Thomas, M.J M. Hay, P.C D. Newton
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Simulation is a technique whose value is greatest in two areas. The first of these involves the discipline of examining the system being modelled, and, as a result, being forced to obtain accurate information on the parameters which significantly influence the system. The second area involves estimating the effect of changes in system parameters, and from this establishing which factors have substantial effects on the output variables considered. In the model of white clover growth considered here a considerable number of input parameters were used. These parameters were derived from data of variable reliability. In particular, the death rate data …
Grazing Management Effects On Perennial Ryegrass And White Clover Triller Populations,
2025
DSIR
Grazing Management Effects On Perennial Ryegrass And White Clover Triller Populations, W F. Hunt
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Pasture grazing managements have clearly identifiable effects on plant morphology, density and species composition. Typically, swards grazed continuously by sheep have relatively high populations of relatively small perennial ryegrass tillers while rotationally grazed swards contain rather fewer large/ tillers (Chapman and Clark 1984, Suckling 1959, Mitchelle and Glenday 1958, Collet et al., 1981). Generally, more severe defoliations are associated with greater tiller densities (Davies 1977). Management induced increases in tiller populations of perennial pastures are possible because plants tiller freely when competition for light is reduced by herbage removal (Hunt and Field 1978). If left undisturbed, tiller density is finally …
Manipulating The Plastic Response Of White Clover Through Grazing, In A Cool, Temperate Climate In New Zealand, R.J M. Hay, G S. Baxter
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In Southland, New Zealand, a wide range of grazing systems are practised, from continuous set-stocking to year round rotational grazing. A problem is the apparent decline in contribution of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) to total sward production in older pastures. Cereal and brassica crops, which depleted soil N, were traditionally sown each year and used to ensure that about 20 % of any farm consisted of clover-dominant two and three year old pastures. Carran (pers. comm.) suggests that all-grass-farming has removed the N-deficit incentive for clover growth. Farmlet trials at the Gore Regional Station, DSIR, have shown that …
Characteristics Of Individual White Clover Plants In Grazed Swards,
2025
DSIR
Characteristics Of Individual White Clover Plants In Grazed Swards, M J.M Hay, J L. Brock, V J. Thomas
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Compared to the large volume of agronomic research on white clover (Trifolium repens L.), studies on the growth and morphology of individual plants constituting the population under grazing are few (Brock et al., 1988). Increased knowledge of the clonal growth and seasonal behaviour of individual white clover plants is seen as essential (Snaydon, 1985) if the mechanisms governing persistence and productivity in mixed grazed swards are to be understood. Seasonal growth patterns of white clover vary with environment (Jones, 1982) and this paper describes seasonal variation in some characteristics of individual white clover plants in grazed swards in a temperate …
The Influence Of Physical And Biochemical Characteristics Upon The Selection Of White Clover By Grazing Sheep,
2025
Massey University
The Influence Of Physical And Biochemical Characteristics Upon The Selection Of White Clover By Grazing Sheep, J Hodgson, D A. Clark, S Wewala
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Observations have been made on the reactions of sheep to variations in leaf mark (Cahn and Harper, 1976) and cyanogenic glucoside concentration (Corkill, 1952) in white clover (Trifolium repens L.), but little is known about the relative importance of alternative visual and biochemical cues in selective behaviour under grazing conditions. This paper reports the results of two studies at DSIR Grasslands Division, Palmerston North, New Zealand on the reactions of grazing sheep to white clover plants exhibiting substantial genotypic variation in leaf size and colour, leaf mark, and cyanogenic glucoside potency.
Interactions Between Parent Stolons And Branches In Assimilate Partitioning In White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.),
2025
The University of Reading
Interactions Between Parent Stolons And Branches In Assimilate Partitioning In White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.), D F. Chapman, M J. Robson, R W. Snaydon
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In temperate regions of the world, white clover (Trifolium repens L.) persists in permanent pastures by vegetative reproduction (Chapman 1987). Thus stolon branching is vital for the perennation of the species. There is, however, no information available on physiological relationships between branches and parent stolons, or on the degree of physiological integration of whole clover plants. Clover spreads laterally by stolon extension and in extremely heterogenous environments, like grazed pastures, parts of a single plant may encounter different levels of stress (defoliation, nutrient levels, shading). Physiological integration (eg. mutual exchange of carbohydrate between branches and parent stolon) may allow …
The Effect Of Accumulated Herbage Mass In Winter And Spring On White Clover Development,
2025
Queens University of Belfast
The Effect Of Accumulated Herbage Mass In Winter And Spring On White Clover Development, A S. Laidlaw, J A. Withers
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Clover development in long term mixed swards is variable due to, among other factors, the complex interaction between grass and clover. A previous study has shown that grazing grass/clover swards with sheep for a short period during winter/spring may result in higher clover content and clover drymatter yield in summer than in swards ungrazed during winter/spring, while nitrogen fertilizer has the reverse effect (Laidlaw and Steward 1987). It was concluded that these treatments, by varying the amount of herbage accumulated in spring, controlled the amount of light passing to the base of the sward and so determined the rate of …
Towards Developing A Model Of Persistence And Production For White Clover,
2025
CSIRO
Towards Developing A Model Of Persistence And Production For White Clover, M J. Hill, K A. Archer, K J. Hutchinson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The development of a model which successfully simulates the response of white clover Trifolium repens L. to environmental variables affecting persistance would be of great value for defining critical limiting processes. In Australia, persistence is determined by the impact of climate, competition and grazing on the processes of generation, from seed or by stolons (Jones, 1980; Archer and Robinson, 1988). Here we outline a model of white clover persistence and production in eastern Australia. In Australia the four critical phases in the lifecycle of white clover where the environment can threaten persistence are : late autumn and winter when germination …
Some Factors Causing Temporal And Spatial Variation In White Clover Performance In Grazed Swards,
2025
Macaulay Land Use Research Institute
Some Factors Causing Temporal And Spatial Variation In White Clover Performance In Grazed Swards, S A. Grant, C A. Marriott
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Stolon burial as a result of earthworm activity and poaching is common on many soil types in autumn and winter. The covering of soil is thought to protect against frost and thus benefit winter survival. On heavy soils in wet conditions treading can result in stolon burial during the growing season (Grant et al., 1988). The extent to which burial at this time adversely affects clover is unknown. Urination by grazing animals deposits the equivalent of 300-600 kg N/ha locally on the sward. Since the addition of fertiliser N to mixed grass-clover swards favours grass at the expense of clover, …
