Agricultural Science Commons^™

Intsormil Helps Improve Varieties Of Grains In Developing Countries, Lori Mcginnis

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

International efforts to aid food production in developing countries are based within the Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln.

The International Sorghum and Millet Collaborative Research Support Program (INTSORMIL CRSP) was established at UNL’s East Campus in 1979. Its goal is to improve the devel- opment of sorghum, millet, and other grains in Central America and Africa, said John Yohe, director since 1988.

Proceedings Of The 37th Annual Meeting, Southern Soybean Disease Workers (March 10-11, 2010, Pensacola Beach, Florida), Jason Bond, Boyd Padgett, Clayton A. Hollier, Alemu Mengistu, Cliff Coker, Stephen R. Koenning

Southern Soybean Disease Workers: Conference Proceedings

Contents

SSDW treasury report

Southern United States Soybean Disease Loss Estimates for 2009. Compiled by SR Koenning

Green Bean symposium (Jason Bond, moderator)

Factors Contributing to Green Plants at Maturity. DJ Boquet, RL Leonard, GB Padgett, RW Schneider, J Griffin, J Davis, and R Vaverde

The Green Stem Disorder Enigma in Illinois. C Hill and G. Hartman

The Influence of Fungicides, Herbicides, and Their Interactions on Green Bean Syndrome. GB Padgett, DJ Boquet, RW Schneider, and MA Purvis

Association of Stink Bug Injury with A "Green Plant" Malady in Soybean. JH Temple, BR Leonard, J Davis, P Price, and J …

Lincoln South Rotary Program, February 2010 [Lincoln, Nebraska, Usa]: Global Food Security--Intsormil, Elvis A. Heinrichs

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Short Heinrichs spoke to the Lincoln South Rotary Club in February 2010 about global food security. What is food security? The availability of food and access to it. Many countries have food available but the population has no access to it. Heinrichs gave the group some sobering statistics regarding hunger in the world. Nine hundred forty-seven million people in the world are undernourished. One hundred forty-six billion kids under age 5 are underweight. One in seven people are hungry, and one in six people do not have safe drinking water. Ten million kids die each year from hunger related causes. …

First Report Of Two Curtoviruses In Spinach And Common Beet In Arizona, Claudia Nischwitz

All Current Publications

No abstract provided.

Arkansas Cotton Variety Test 2009, Fred M. Bourland, A. B. Beach, D. P. Roberts Jr.

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The primary goal of the Arkansas Cotton Variety Test is to provide unbiased data regarding the agronomic performance of cotton varieties and advanced breeding lines in the major cotton-growing areas of Arkansas. This information helps seed companies establish marketing strategies and assists producers in choosing varieties to plant.

Genome Sequencing And Analysis Of The Model Grass Brachypodium Distachyon, John Vogel, David Garvin, Todd C. Mockler, Jeremy Schmutz, Dan Rokhsar, Michael Bevan

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Three subfamilies of grasses, the Ehrhartoideae, Panicoideae and Pooideae, provide the bulk of human nutrition and are poised to become major sources of renewable energy. Here we describe the genome sequence of the wild grass Brachypodium distachyon (Brachypodium), which is, to our knowledge, the first member of the Pooideae subfamily to be sequenced. Comparison of the Brachypodium, rice and sorghum genomes shows a precise history of genome evolution across a broad diversity of the grasses, and establishes a template for analysis of the large genomes of economically important pooid grasses such as wheat. The high-quality genome sequence, coupled …

The Influence Of Nutrients And Physical Habitat In Regulating Algal Biomass In Agricultural Streams, Mark D. Munn, Jeffrey Frey, Anthony Tesoriero

United States Geological Survey: Water Reports and Publications

This study examined the relative influence of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and habitat on algal biomass in five agricultural regions of the United States. Sites were selected to capture a range of nutrient conditions, with 136 sites distributed over five study areas. Samples were collected in either 2003 or 2004, and analyzed for nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorous) and algal biomass (chlorophyll a). Chlorophyll a was measured in three types of samples, fine-grained benthic material (CHLFG), coarse-grained stable substrate as in rock or wood (CHLCG), and water column (CHLS). Stream and riparian habitat were characterized at each site. TP ranged from …

Tillage Depth Effects On Soil Physical Properties, Sugarbeet Yield, And Sugarbeet Quality, J. D. Jabro, W. B. Stevens, W. M. Iversen, R. G. Evans

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Tillage depth influences the soil–water–plant ecosystem, thereby affecting crop yield and quality. The effects of tillage depth on soil physical properties and sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) yield and quality were evaluated. A field study composed of two tillage depths [10 cm, referred to as shallow (ST), and 20 cm, referred to as deep (DT)] was conducted on a Lihen sandy loam soil in spring 2007 at the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) irrigated research farm near Williston, North Dakota. Soil bulk density (ρb), gravimetric water content (θw), and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) were measured three times during the growing season …

Permanent Genetic Resources Added To The Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 February 2010–31 March 2010, D. Aurelle, M. R. Pooler, T. A. Rinehart, B. E. Scheffler, Molecular Ecology Resources Primer Development Consortium

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

This article documents the addition of 228 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Anser cygnoides, Apodemus flavicollis, Athene noctua, Cercis canadensis, Glis glis, Gubernatrix cristata, Haliotis tuberculata, Helianthus maximiliani, Laricobius nigrinus, Laricobius rubidus, Neoheligmonella granjoni, Nephrops norvegicus, Oenanthe javanica, Paramuricea clavata, Pyrrhura orcesi and Samanea saman. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Apodemus sylvaticus, Laricobius laticollis and Laricobius osakensis (a proposed new species currently being described).

Soybase, The Usda-Ars Soybean Genetics And Genomics Database, David Grant, Rex T. Nelson, Steven B. Connon, Randy C. Shoemaker

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

SoyBase, the USDA-ARS soybean genetic database, is a comprehensive repository for professionally curated genetics, genomics and related data resources for soybean. SoyBase contains the most current genetic, physical and genomic sequence maps integrated with qualitative and quantitative traits. The quantitative trait loci (QTL) represent more than 18 years of QTL mapping of more than 90 unique traits. SoyBase also contains the wellannotated ‘Williams 82’ genomic sequence and associated data mining tools. The genetic and sequence views of the soybean chromosomes and the extensive data on traits and phenotypes are extensively interlinked. This allows entry to the database using almost any …

Eupatorium Capillifolium Essential Oil: Chemical Composition, Antifungal Activity, And Insecticidal Activity, Nurhayat Tabanca, Ulrich R. Bernier, Maia Tsikolia, James Becnel, Blair Sampson, Chris Werle, Betül Demirci, Kemal Hüsnü Can Başer, Eugene K. Blythe, Cecil Pounders, David E. Wedge

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Natural plant extracts often contain compounds that are useful in pest management applications. The essential oil of Eupatorium capillifolium (dog-fennel) was investigated for antifungal and insecticidal activities. Essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of aerial parts was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The major components were determined to be thymol methyl ether (=methyl thymol) (36.3%), 2,5-dimethoxy-p-cymene (20.8%) and myrcene (15.7%). Antifungal activity of the essential oil was weak against the plant pathogens Colletotrichum acutatum, C. fragariae, and C. gloeosporioides in direct bioautography assay. The E. capillifolium oil showed promising repellent activity against …

Soydb: A Knowledge Database Of Soybean Transcription Factors, Zheng Wang, Marc Libault, Trupti Joshi, Babu Valliyodan, Henry T. Nguyen, Dong Xu, Gary Stacey, Jianlin Cheng

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Background: Transcription factors play the crucial rule of regulating gene expression and influence almost all biological processes. Systematically identifying and annotating transcription factors can greatly aid further understanding their functions and mechanisms. In this article, we present SoyDB, a user friendly database containing comprehensive knowledge of soybean transcription factors.

Description: The soybean genome was recently sequenced by the Department of Energy-Joint Genome Institute (DOE-JGI) and is publicly available. Mining of this sequence identified 5,671 soybean genes as putative transcription factors. These genes were comprehensively annotated as an aid to the soybean research community. We developed SoyDB - a knowledge database …

Transgenic Maize Lines With Cell-Type Specific Expression Of Fluorescent Proteins In Plastids, Amir Sattarzadeh, Jonathan Fuller, Salvador Moguel, Katia Wostrikoff, Shirley Sato, Sarah Covshoff, Tom Clemente, Maureen Hanson, David Stern

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Plastid number and morphology vary dramatically between cell types and at different developmental stages. Furthermore, in C4 plants such as maize, chloroplast ultrastructure and biochemical functions are specialized in mesophyll and bundle sheath cells, which differentiate acropetally from the proplastid form in the leaf base. To develop visible markers for maize plastids, we have created a series of stable transgenics expressing fluorescent proteins fused to either the maize ubiquitin promoter, the mesophyll-specific phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PepC) promoter, or the bundle sheath-specific Rubisco small subunit 1 (RbcS) promoter. Multiple independent events were examined and revealed that maize codon-optimized versions of YFP and …

Soil Water And Crop Growth Processes In A Farmer's Field, Susmitha Surendran Nambuthiri

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The study was aimed to provide information on local biomass development during crop growth using ground based optical sensors and to incorporate the local crop status to a crop growth simulation model to improve understanding on inherent variability of crop field. The experiment was conducted in a farmer’s field located near Princeton in Caldwell County, Western Kentucky. Data collection on soil, crop and weather variables was carried out in the farm from 2006 December to 2008 October. During this period corn (Zea mays L.) and winter wheat (Triticum sp) were grown in the field. A 450 m …

Effects Of Plant Growth Regulators And Physiological Stresses On The Growth Of Bougainvillea Spp., Mohammed Saifuddin

Student Works (2010-2019)

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of physiological stresses such as pruning, shading, phloemic stress and plant hormones such as gibberellic acid (GA3) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on the growth, development and flowering process of bougainvillea plants. The plants (Bougainvillea glabra and Bougainvillea spectabilis) were grown under prevailing conditions (temperature 21-32°C, maximum PAR 2100 μE m-2 s-1 and relative humidity of 60-90%) using completely randomized design. Field experiments as well as biochemical analysis were carried out at the Plant Physiology Garden and the Plant Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya. Results on frequent pruning …

Comparison Between In Vitro And In Vivo Antibacterial Activity Of Curcuma Zedoaria From Malaysia., Behrooz Banisalam

Student Works (2010-2019)

The rhizomes of the Zingiberaceae family are vegetables widely used in many Asian countries and their medicinal functions have been broadly discussed and accepted in many traditional recipes. In this study, the antimicrobial activity of extracts of Curcuma zedoaria from Malaysia was compared between two systems as in vitro and in vivo. The comparison was performed against four bacterial strains including two gram negative strains (E.coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and two gram positive strains (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) using the agar well diffusion method. Extracts were made in three different solvents; petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol extracts exhibited antibacterial …

Evaluation Of Ulv And Thermal Fog Mosquito Control Applications In Temperate And Desert Environments, Seth C. Britch, Kenneth J. Linthicum, Wayne W. Wynn, Todd W. Walker, Muhammad Farooq, Vincent L. Smith, Cathy A. Robinson, Branka B. Lothrop, Melissa Snelling, Arturo Gutierrez, Hugh D. Lothrop, Jerry D. Kerce, James J. Becnel, Ulrich R. Bernier, Julia W. Pridgeon

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Ultra-low-volume (ULV) and thermal fog aerosol dispersals of pesticides have been used against mosquitoes and other insects for half a century. Although each spray technology has advantages and disadvantages, only 7 studies have been identified that directly compare their performance in the field. US military personnel currently operating in hot-arid environments are impacted by perpetual nuisance and disease vector insect problems, despite adulticide operations using modern pesticide-delivery equipment such as ULV. None of the identified comparative studies has looked at the relative feasibility and efficacy of ULV and thermal fog equipment against mosquitoes in hot-arid environments. In this study we …

Fluid Fertilizer’S Role In Sustaining Soils Used For Bio-Fuels Production, John L. Kovar, Douglas L. Karlen

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The short- and long-term effects on soil nutrient cycling, physical properties, and biological activity of striving for higher grain yields and removing crop residues for bio-fuels production must be understood to provide more quantitative crop and soil management guidelines. This study focuses primarily on potassium (K) and sulfur (S) response by corn (Zea mays L.) grown for bio-energy feedstock production. Our objectives for 2009 were to evaluate (i) the performance of several S fertilizers, including liquid ammonium thiosulfate (12-0-0-26S), for corn grown in Iowa, and (ii) the use of surface or subsurface bands of N-P-K-S fluid fertilizers to optimize …

Fluid Fertilizer’S Role In Sustaining Soils Used For Bio-Fuels Production, John L. Kovar, Douglas L. Karlen

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Fast pyrolysis is optimized for production of bio-oil. Product yields are typically ~65% bio-oil, 20% biochar, 15% syngas.

Project Objective

To investigate N, P, K, and S dynamics in a comprehensive residue removal, tillage, and nutrient management study

Project Treatments

*Residue removal: 0, 50%, 90%

*Tillage: chisel plow, no-till

*Nutrient management: conventional (30K plants/A), high input (44K plants/A)

•Bio-char: 0, 4.32 tons/A, 8.25 tons/A

•Cover crops: annual, perennial

2009 Soil Test Levels

2009 Nutrient Management

Field Measurements

•Stand counts

•Whole-plant samples at V6

•Ear-leaf samples at mid-silk

•Grain yield and moisture

•Stover yield and moisture

•Grain and stover nutrient content

Procedures For Publishing In Non-Usda Media (Outside Publishing)

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

This P&P is an update of a previous version dated March 10, 1998. This P&P outlines revised responsibilities of the ARS author, Research Leader (RL), and other ARS officials. The most salient features of the new P&P are that the manuscript approval authority and associated responsibilities are delegated to the RL. ARS Form 115 (ARS-115) is revised accordingly (see Exhibit 1). Among the essential RL responsibilities are to determine the need and method for manuscript peer review, approve the technical and interpretive content of the manuscript, notify upper management about manuscripts containing prominent issues, obtain proper clearance/approval from upper management …