Agricultural Science Commons^™

Effect Of Using Additives At Ensiling On The Fermentation Quality Of Common Reed (Phragmites Communis Trin.) Silage, Keigo Asano, Ayako Araie, Riri Koike, Kohei Takahashi, Tatsuya Madachi, Motohiko Ishida

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The common reed (Phragmites communis Trin.) is a wild grass species widely distributed throughout Japan and the world, growing in thousands of abandoned paddy fields and riverside sites. Most of the common reed in Japan is burned or left to become a weed that grows thickly in canals and reclaimed lands, becoming breeding places for diseases and pests (Holm et al. 1977). The biodiversity of plants can be disrupted by an expanding community of common reed whose sward height is 1.5–4.0 m (Ailstock et al. 2001). The common reed should be controlled and made use of if …

Effect Of Lactobacillus Plantarum On Fermentation Quality Of Alfalfa Silages Mixed With Different Proportions Of Jujube Powder, Jipeng Tian, Zhu Yu, Zhongkuan Liu, Zhenyu Liu, Qing Zhang, Xujiao Li, Yu Wang

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Hebei province is one of the main production areas of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) in China. While alfalfa is used to make silages, it is necessary to improve the fermentation quality of alfalfa silage. Jujube powder which contains a high content of sugar, might be a good material to ensile mixed with alfalfa. On the other hand, the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has been documented and has been used as an additive to achieve good preservation of silage.

The objective of this study was a) to screen different ratios of jujube powder in the mixed silage of …

Forage Intake And Nitrogen Retention In Wethers Fed Ryegrass Haylage Supplemented With Maize Silage, João G. R. Almeida, Henrique M. N. Ribeiro Filho, Ederson A. De Andrade, Gabriela C. Guzatti, Paulo G. Duchini, Gutierri T. Raupp, Fabiana R. Ramos, Rémy Delagarde

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Many decision support tools have been developed to predict herbage intake with herbivore ruminants indoors (Faverdin 1992) or at grazing, both using short-term (Baumont et al. 2004) or daily scale input variables (Heard et al. 2004; Delagarde et al. 2011). However, the ingestive and digestive interactions when diets with more than one type of forage are used have not been sufficiently studied. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of maize silage supplementation to wethers receiving ryegrass haylage on OM intake, OM digestibility, microbial protein synthesis and N retention.

Characterization And Identification Of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Silage Prepared In Lao Pdr, Yimin Cai, Huili Pang, Viengsakoun Napasirth

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Silage is now the most common preserved cattle feed in many countries and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) play an important role during silage fermentation process. In order to establish an animal feed production system to cover the shortage of animal feed in the dry season of Lao PDR, silage fermentation technology is needed that has potential application in poor villages. Therefore, the characterization of LAB in various forage crops and their species identification requires further study. In the present study, the characterization of LAB species isolated from forage crops in Lao PDR was examined. In order to determine their taxonomic …

The Effect On Long-Chain Fatty Acids In Lucerne Silage With Jujube Powder And Lactobacillus Plantarum, Zhu Yu, Yu Wang, Jipeng Tian, Xujiao Li, Qing Zhang

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The major nutrients of lucerne silage are well documented. However, forages are also an important dietary source of α-linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) and linoleicacid (C18:2n-6) that are biohydrogenated in the rumen, originating a complex pattern of C18 fatty acids (Jenkins et al. 2008). Studies have reported slight effects on the fatty acid (FA) composition of grass silages by the use of additives like formalin, formic acid, or enzymes (Alves et al. 2011) However, there are no studies on the addition of jujube powder in lucerne silage, which has a high sugar content. The effect of Lactobacillus plantarum (LA) on …

Increased Sugar Concentration With Pm-Cutting And Wide Swathing Improves Alfalfa Silage Fermentation, Gaëtan F. Tremblay, Chantale Morin, Gilles Bélanger, Annick Bertrand, Yves Castonguay, Réal Michaud, Robert Berthiaume, Guy Allard

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Extensive protein degradation during silage fermentation reduces the efficiency of N utilization by ruminants and excess N is excreted in the environment. Forage nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) represent the main source of readily fermentable energy for lactic bacteria during silage fermentation. Increasing forage NSC concentration can enhance silage fermentation, lactic acid production, and the decline in pH with an overall reduction in the extent of protein degradation.

The NSC concentration increases during the day in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) to reach a maximum by the end of the afternoon. Under good wilting conditions, PM-cut alfalfa wilted in wide swaths had …

Effect Of Associations Of Additives On Ph And Ndf In Sugar Cane Silages (Saccharum Officinarum), C. A. Da Silva, A. A. R. Athayde, A. O. Ribeiro, A. R. Evangelista, P. C. Leite, A. C. A. F. F. Paula

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

An alternative to the seasonality of forage production in grazing-lands is the maintenance of feed supplies through the use of silages (Carvalho et al. 2007). Sugar cane stands out for silage production, mainly because of its high yield per hectare. There are, however, restrictions to its use in cattle production systems including the daily cutting demands, low digestibility of fiber and low contents of protein and minerals. Sugar cane ensiling can solve, or even reduce the seasonality of the crop and the losses by fire or frost, and has been utilized in cattle raising for these logistic and operational …

A Lactic Acid Bacterium Isolated From Grass In Native Grassland In Northern China, Qing Zhang, Zhu Yu, Jipeng Tian, Xujiao Li, Yu Wang

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The epiphytic LAB converts sugar into lactic acid during the ensiling process. As a result, the pH is reduced, and the forage is preserved. Therefore, further study of epiphytic LAB species is required, especially the screening of excellent LAB. However, to our knowledge, limited information is available on the epiphytic microflora on grass in native grassland. The present study set out to screen, isolate and identify the LAB from grass silages made in native grass-land in northern China.

A Bayesian Model Of Pasture Curing, Helen G. Daily, Ross Corkrey

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Curing percentage (the percentage of dead material in the sward) is a necessary component of fire behaviour modelling and subsequent fire danger ratings in grasslands. Current methods of estimating curing have limitations. Curing is controlled by leaf turnover in grasses but individual leaf turnover rates of themselves do not give estimates of curing. Bayesian modelling provides the potential to incorporate leaf turnover rates representing the entire life cycle of each leaf into a standalone model of curing from which statistical summaries can be generated and used in field models. In this study, curing percentage was estimated over thermal time for …

Effect Of Adding Functional Lactic Acid Bacteria At Ensiling On The Fermentation Quality And Nutritive Value Of Oat Silage, Kohei Takahashi, Keigo Asano, Takashi Koyanagi, Motohiko Ishida

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Livestock are exposed to stressors from the environment such as temperature, humidity and intensive feeding. Strong stress can cause animals to perform an atypical behavior and/or result in lower productivity, and livestock weanlings, which do not have as strong a body as the adult livestock, are more severely affected by stress. Functional silage that increases the stress tolerance of livestock may thus be beneficial. Some lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in human food were found to have a probiotic effect to ease stress, but it has not been established whether these LAB can affect the qualities of silage fermentation. Here we …

Nutritive Quality Of Hay And Silage From Natural Grazing Land In South Western Nigeria, Victoria O. A. Ojo, Alaba O. Jolaosho, Oluwasanmi M. Arigbede, Peter A. Dele, Samson A. Adeoye, Ronke Y. Aderinboye, Oluwaseun J. Idowu, Oludotun O. Adelusi

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In the tropics, inadequate nutrition caused by scarcity of forages and its low quality constitutes a major constraint to good performance of ruminant animals (Lukuyu et al. 2011). Herbage availability during the wet season often exceeds animal requirements (Chakoma et al. 1999). As the dry season sets in, the protein level of the accumulated forages drops and the fibre level increases, with an increase in lignin content while voluntary intake decreases. Due to lack of quality forage especially in the dry season, animals feeding on them tend to lose weight and their productivity will be negatively affected.

In …

Impact Of Grazing On The Silage Yield Of Forage Oat Crops, Keith G. Pembleton, Matthew T. Harrison, Richard P. Rawnsley

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Winter forage oat crops are increasing in acreage on Tasmanian dairy farms. Such crops can be grazed multiple times during vegetative development in winter then later harvested for silage at the booting or soft dough growth stages in spring. Although effects of grazing on grain yield of winter cereal crops have been well characterised (Harrison et al. 2011), little research has been conducted on the influence of grazing on the forage and silage yield potential of oats grown in Tasmania.

We aimed to explore the influence of grazing management on the yields of forage for grazing and ensiling of …

Effects Of Additives On The Quality Of Leymus Chinensis Silage, J. J. Sun, Zhu Yu, Yanlin Xue, C. S. Bai

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Leymus chinensis, which is a perennial plant with good palatability and high forage value, is widespread from the southern Chinese Loess plateau to northern Russian Baikal and from the Sanjiang plain of eastern China to Ulaanbaatar in Mongolia. Grazing and hay are the most common ways Leymus chinensis is utilized. The quality of Leymus chinensis silage is poorly understood. This study was conducted to investigate the fermentation quality and the in vitro digestibility of Leymus chinensis silage treated with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and cellulose (CE).

Effect Of The Ratio Of Materials Used In Fermented Total Mixed Ration On The Aerobic Stability Of The Tmr Compared With A Mixed-Silage, C. S. Bai, Yanlin Xue, Zhu Yu, H. D. Fu, J. P. Tan, Qing Zhang

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Fermented Total Mixed Ration (TMR) is an important forage for livestock, but if it has a high content of protein, the aerobic stability is poor (Wang, 2008). There is little published information about the aerobic stability of fermented TMR. This experiment was undertaken to study the effects of the ratio of materials used in TMR and mixed-silage on the pH, the numbers of lactobacillus, mould and yeast, and the temperature of the fermented TMR and mix-silage after opening.

The Effect Of Additives On Mixed Silage Quality Of Sugar Beet And Corn Stalks, Qizhong Sun, Hongmei Wang

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Sugar beet is a main economic crop in the northeast region of China. Ensilaging sugar beet mixed with other forages, provides green feedstuff for livestock in spring and winter. The ensilaging could avoid mildew and rot of fresh forages and would decrease environmental pollution (Liu 1996).

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of silage additives on mixed silage quality of corn stalks and sugar beet.

Genetic Characterization And Genome-Wide Association Mapping For Dwarf Bunt Resistance In Bread Wheat Accessions From The Usda National Small Grains Collection, Tyler Gordon, Rui Wang, David Hole, Harold Bockelman, J. Michael Bonman, Jianli Chen

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

Key message

Dwarf bunt-resistant bread wheat accessions and SNP markers associated with DB resistance identified in this study are valuable resources for characterization and deployment of DB resistance in bread wheat.

Abstract

Dwarf bunt (DB), caused by Tilletia controversa J.G. Kühn, can significantly reduce grain yield and quality on autumn-sown wheat in regions with prolonged snow cover. DB can be managed with the use of resistant cultivars. The objectives of the present study were to characterize DB resistance in a large set of bread wheat accessions from the National Small Grains Collection and use a genome-wide association study approach to …

Winter Crop Evaluation For Silage And Forage Quality In Korea, J. D. Kim, H. W. Lee, J. K. Lee, J. K. Kim, C. H. Kwon

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Winter crops of rye, barley, oats and Italian ryegrass are used alone or combined as silage crops or green forage in autumn and spring in Korea. The production and utilization of winter crops have been increasing since 2000, because of high yield and double cropping potential in the rice field after harvesting rice. An advantage of these winter crops is that they are produced in the cool season. However, a main problem in making silage with these winter crops is that they are sometimes poor in quality for various reasons.

Therefore we conducted a survey of farms and forage selling …

Effects Of Lactic Acid Bacteria On The Quality Of Achnatherum Splendens Silage, Yanlin Xue, G. M. Yin, H. P. Zhao, Q. Z. Sun, Zhu Yu, C. S. Bai

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Achnatherum splendens is an important forage for ruminant animals, but it has a high fiber content, and there is little information about the quality of Achnatherum splendens silage. This experiment was undertaken to study the effects of lactic acid bacteria on the quality of Achnatherum splendens (AS) silage.

Quality Of Baled Grass-Clover Silage As Affected By Additives And Harvest Methods, Elisabet Nadeau, Ola Hallin, Horst Auerbach, John Jakobsson, Annika Arnesson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Previous studies have shown increased loading and ensiling capacities with a rotor cutter wagon compared to a precision chopping wagon with no effects on silage fermentation (Arvidsson and Lingvall 2005; Lingvall and Knicky 2008). However, to our knowledge, there are no studies on the effects of different mowing techniques in combination with chopping/cutting of the forage at harvest when the forage is ensiled with different types of additives.

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of mowing method, chopping vs. cutting of the forage, types of additives and their interactions on grass-clover silage quality.

Improving Lucerne Forage Quality And Utilization By Using Novel Silage Inoculant, Vilma Vrotniakiene, Jonas Jatkauskas

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) is a protein-rich forage that farmers often combine with energy-rich feed sources to dairy cattle. Lucerne ensiles poorly, however, due to low sugar concentration and high buffering capacity. Ensiling is improved by wilting the crop and using an appropriate silage inoculant. The principal goal of inoculants is to improve fermentation quality, to preserve as much of the nutritive value of the crop at harvest as possible for the livestock consuming the resulting silage and to increase production (Meeske et al. 2000, Muck 2012).

The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of …