Pasture Production After Sewage Sludge And Liming Application On Highlands In North West Spain,
2023
University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Pasture Production After Sewage Sludge And Liming Application On Highlands In North West Spain, M. L. Rigueiro-Rodríguez, A. López-Díaz, M. R. Mosquera-Losada
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In recent years, a sewage sludge surplus has been created in the EU countries, due to the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive 91/271/CEE. Therefore, it is necessary to find adequate disposal for these residues in accordance with EU policy. Organic matter and nutrient sewage sludge contain principally N, indicating that it could be used as fertiliser. The main risk of this residue is its heavy metal content, whose solubility is usually increased as soil pH declines. The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of liming and sewage sludge application on pasture production in a silvopastoral system located …
Agronomic Characterisation Of Sewage Sludge: Residual Effects,
2023
University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Agronomic Characterisation Of Sewage Sludge: Residual Effects, M. R. Mosquera-Losada, A. Rigueiro-Rodríguez
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The progressive implementation of the EU Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive 91/271/EEC is increasing the quantities of sewage sludge requiring disposal. Agronomic use of sewage sludge should be based on crop fertiliser requirements and heavy metals content. Sewage sludge fertiliser potential depends on the stabilisation treatments of sewage sludge: composting, anaerobic digestion, aerobic digestion or pelleting (EPA, 1994). The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the fertiliser effectiveness and residual effects of three types of sewage sludge treated in three different ways.
Increase In Forage Maize Production By Bacterial Fertilisers,
2023
University of Agriculture, Centre of Agroecology, Uzbekistan
Increase In Forage Maize Production By Bacterial Fertilisers, D. Egamberdiyeva, G. Hoflich
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Farmers in many countries value green material generated from maize as a high quality forage. Its inclusion in dairy cow diets can improve forage intake, increase animal performance and has the potential to reduce production costs (Phipps, 1994). Restrictions on the use of chemical fertilisers and a renewed interest in organic sustainable farming systems in general, has restored attention to crop rotations The increase of maize production using bacterial fertilisers also gives alternative ways to reduce chemical fertilisers in forage production. Increased uptake of nutrients such as N, P, and K and crop yield was reported with rhizobacteria (Lazarovits & …
Soil Organic Matter Along A Degradation Gradient In A Semi-Arid Rangeland Of South Africa,
2023
University of the Free State, South Africa
Soil Organic Matter Along A Degradation Gradient In A Semi-Arid Rangeland Of South Africa, Chris C. Du Preez, Hennie A. Snyman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In a semi-arid South Africa rangeland on a sandy loam soil, artificial manipulations to create various rangeland conditions typical of different levels of livestock impact were shown to result in considerable losses of organic matter after 15 years (Du Preez & Snyman, 1993). In this follow-up study on a similar soil, we regularly measured the organic matter content following the conversion of rangeland in a good to a poor ecological condition, an undisturbed bare soil and a cultivated soil respectively. The changes in soil organic matter content after five years are reported.
Influence Of Grazing On Soil Microbial Communities On A Mixed Grass Prairie Ecosystem,
2023
University of Wyoming
Influence Of Grazing On Soil Microbial Communities On A Mixed Grass Prairie Ecosystem, L. J. Ingram, G. E. Schuman, P. D. Stahl, J. Buyer
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The grazing of ungulates is the predominant use for much of the world's semiarid rangelands. Grazing these lands can result in significant changes not only in the vegetation community but also in the soil physical, chemical and biological properties. Changes in soil physical and chemical properties and the plant community can potentially lead to changes in soil microbial communities which may have long-term ramifications for nutrient cycling and carbon (C) sequestration. The objective of this research was to ascertain the influence of three long-term grazing treatments on soil microbial communities.
Soil Microbial Diversity Of An Artificial Caragana Korshinskii Plantation On The Loess Plateau Of China,
2023
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Soil Microbial Diversity Of An Artificial Caragana Korshinskii Plantation On The Loess Plateau Of China, W. Zhang, H. L. Wei, H. W. Gao, Y. G. Hu
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Peashrub (Caragana korshinskii) is an important dune-fixation plant on the loess plateau of China and is valuable in ecological environment construction of North-western China. For determining relationships between peashrub and soil microbes, three clone libraries of 16S rDNA from rhizoplane, rhizosphere and bulk soil communities of peashrub were constructed with a culture-independent approach. The data obtained from three clone libraries were used to investigate the magnitude of vegetative changes in the microbial community, and to search for general ecological relationships.
Soil Enzyme Activities As Bio Indicators Of Soil Ph And Fertility In Temperate Grassland,
2023
Basque Institute for Research and Agricultural Development, Spain
Soil Enzyme Activities As Bio Indicators Of Soil Ph And Fertility In Temperate Grassland, Iker Mijangos, A. Ibarra, Isabel Albizu, Sorkunde Mendarte, Carlos Garbisu
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In recent years, biological indicators are being used to estimate the continued capacity of a given soil to function (i.e., soil health). After all, biological processes are intimately linked with the maintenance of soil structure and fertility, being more sensitive to changes in the soil than conventional physicochemical parameters. Soil enzymes, as mediators and catalysts of vital soil functions, offer great potential as integrative indicators of soil health (Dick et al., 1996). The main aim of the current work was to study the potential of soil enzyme activities as biological (more precisely, biochemical) indicators of soil physicochemical …
The Effect Of Nitrogen Fixation And Plant Species On Ammonium And Amino Acids Soil Contents,
2023
INRA, France
The Effect Of Nitrogen Fixation And Plant Species On Ammonium And Amino Acids Soil Contents, F. Lesuffleur, S. Diquélou, A. Bré, J. B. Cliquet
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Grass and legume intercropping systems, particularly ryegrass-clover mixed cultures, increase grasslands productivity, due to the clover nitrogen (N) fixation and to the transfer of part it to the companion grass. The objective of this experiment was to determine if N fixation and plant species could modify ammonium and amino acids soil contents.
Soil Constraints (Ph And Aluminium) For Legume Performance In Hill Country Of Uruguay,
2023
INIA, Uruguay
Soil Constraints (Ph And Aluminium) For Legume Performance In Hill Country Of Uruguay, Walter Ayala, R. E. Bermúdez
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Pastoral areas in eastern Uruguay have soils with pH 5.5 or lower (Mas, 1978), which is frequently associated with the acid soil syndrome (Cregan, 1980). As pH drops below 5.5, aluminium (Al) concentration can increase to toxic levels. These conditions may adversely affect growth of introduced legumes. A way to overcome these constraints is by the use of tolerant species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the adaptation and productivity of different legumes under environments with restrictions in pH and Al concentrations.
Grazing Effects On Some Soil Characteristics In Lar Rangelands,
2023
Islamic Azad University, Iran
Grazing Effects On Some Soil Characteristics In Lar Rangelands, S. A. Javadi, M. Jafari, Gh. Zahedi
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Heavy grazing pressures jeopardise the sustainability of the ecosystem by reducing soil fertility (Dormaar et al., 1998). Different results have been reported of grazing intensities on soil chemical properties, which stem from climate, soil, vegetation, management and kind of animal (Dormaar et al., 1998; Javadi, 2003; Sanadgool, 2002).
Accumulation And Decomposition Rates And N, P And K Returned To The Soil By The Litter Of Tropical Legumes And Grasses,
2023
Instituto de Ciencia Animal, Cuba
Accumulation And Decomposition Rates And N, P And K Returned To The Soil By The Litter Of Tropical Legumes And Grasses, Gustavo Crespo, I. Rodríguez, M. F. Días, Sandra Lok
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The return of plant nutrients through litter decomposition of legumes and grasses is important for the sustainability of grassland ecosystems (Sánchez et al., 1989). Therefore, the selection of species that produce high amounts of decomposable litter is important . The objective of the present work was to study the production and decomposition rates of litter from various legumes and grasses in Cuba.
Effect Of Earthworm Manure Fertilisation On Biomass Production And Mineral Content Of Digitaria Swazilandensis,
2023
Universidad Central de Venezuela, Venezuela
Effect Of Earthworm Manure Fertilisation On Biomass Production And Mineral Content Of Digitaria Swazilandensis, A. Paredes, S. Camacaro, W. Machado
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Chemical fertilisers are expensive and can cause environmental contamination, affecting the biodiversity; it is therefore desirable to use organic manure that is cheaper and can be prepared on the same farm. Earthworm manure is the product of worms that transform organic matter (Salinas & Rojas, 1995), which improves the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil (Pérez, 1993; Ravera & De Sanso, 1999). The importance of these improvements justifies the use of the worm humus in fertilisation programs in grasslands. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of the earthworm manure on the biomass production …
Fire And Nutrient Cycling In Shortgrass Steppe Of The Southern Great Plains, Usa,
2023
Rocky Mountain Research Station, Albuquerque Lab
Fire And Nutrient Cycling In Shortgrass Steppe Of The Southern Great Plains, Usa, Paulette L. Ford, C. S. White
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Fire in semi-arid grasslands releases nutrients bound up in organic matter and accelerates the rate of decomposition in the soil. This research experimentally tested effects of season and frequency of fire on nutrient cycling dynamics in shortgrass steppe. The objective was to identify if fire treatments have the ability to increase potential grassland productivity relative to untreated 'reference condition' grassland. Many such studies focus on short-term, direct effects of fire. However, this study is part of a long-term, 18-year study examining both direct, and indirect effects of fire in the growing vs. dormant season at return intervals of 3, 6 …
Soil Quality Under Permanent And Annual Pastures: Its Implications For Soil Microbial Activity And Nutrient Turnover,
2023
University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Soil Quality Under Permanent And Annual Pastures: Its Implications For Soil Microbial Activity And Nutrient Turnover, R. J. Haynes, R. M. Milne, N. Miles
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Dairy farming in humid, subtropical parts of South Africa is based on permanent kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum) swards. However, there is a shortage of feed during the winter because low temperatures limit kikuyu growth. As a result, annual pastures incorporating temperate grasses, are grown for winter feed production. The grasses used are typically annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and sometimes perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). Kikuyu is so invasive in the locality that it becomes dominant within a few years, even if the field is sown to perennial ryegrass. For that reason, the swards are usually …
Micro-Field Assessment Of Soil Erosion And Surface Runoff Using Mini Rainfall Simulator In Upper River Njoro Watershed In Kenya,
2023
Egerton University, Kenya
Micro-Field Assessment Of Soil Erosion And Surface Runoff Using Mini Rainfall Simulator In Upper River Njoro Watershed In Kenya, J. O. Onyando, M. O. Okelo, C. M. Gichaba, W. A. Shivoga, S. N. Miller
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Soil erosion and surface runoff are consequences of integration of several factors and processes within a catchment. The use of a rainfall simulator and run off plots provides a valuable research tool and are often used in soil erosion and surface runoff studies. Cheruiyot (1984) used this approach to study infiltration rates and sediment yield in Kiboko, Kenya. The present study used the same method but with a mini-rainfall simulator (Kamphorst, 1987) to study the effects of different land use treatments on soil loss and surface runoff.
Validation Of The Software “Recycling Of Nutrients” In Dairy-Farms Of Western Cuba,
2023
Instituto de Ciencia Animal, Cuba
Validation Of The Software “Recycling Of Nutrients” In Dairy-Farms Of Western Cuba, I. Rodríguez, Gustavo Crespo, M. F. Días, S. Fraga
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
To maintain a good productivity in the soil-plant-animal system it is necessary to achieve an equilibrium between input and output of nutrients and energy. Models and simulation software have been proposed for this purpose. For dairy farms, models have been utilised to show the behaviour of different aspects, such as: feed utilisation, energy flow, digestibility values and daily weight gains (Freer et al., 1970; Assis & France, 1983, Bruce et al., 1984). However, there are few models showing the interaction between soil-plant- animal components of these systems. The objective of the present study was to validate the software …
Modelling Urine Nitrogen Production And Leaching Losses For Pasture-Based Dairying Systems,
2023
Massey University, New Zealand
Modelling Urine Nitrogen Production And Leaching Losses For Pasture-Based Dairying Systems, I. M. Brookes, D. J. Horne
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Urine from dairy cattle grazing pastures with high crude protein (CP) concentrations is a major source of N lost in drainage water from New Zealand farms. This paper provides predictions of urinary N leaching losses for a range of stocking rates and levels of supplementation.
Management Options To Reduce N-Losses From Ploughed Grass-Clover,
2023
Louis Bolk Institute, The Netherlands
Management Options To Reduce N-Losses From Ploughed Grass-Clover, J. De Wit, G. J. Van Der Burgt, N. Van Eekeren
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Nitrate (NO3-) leaching from grassland can be kept at acceptable levels, but is often high after ploughing for grassland renewal or for silage maize/grain production. In on-farm research with several organic farmers, management options are being explored to save scarce organic manure and to reduce N-losses.
Nutrient Cycling In A Tropical Grazing Land Ecosystem Of Southern India,
2023
Rubber Research Institute of India, India
Nutrient Cycling In A Tropical Grazing Land Ecosystem Of Southern India, K. S. T. K. Karunaichamy, Kailash Paliwal
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The nutrient component of any ecosystem operates in a dynamic state through a series of inputs and outputs of the essential elements. Nutrients from plants are continuously transferred to soil via litter formation, which act as a reservoir for the plants in an ecosystem. Most of the studies on nutrient budgets and flux rates have been reported in forest communities and to a lesser degree in grassland. The present study was, therefore, aims to understand the variation of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in the vegetation compartments and to quantify annual budget by estimating the annual uptake from soil and …
Integrated Nutrient Management For Natural Grasslands Of Mid-Hills Of Himalayas,
2023
Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, India
Integrated Nutrient Management For Natural Grasslands Of Mid-Hills Of Himalayas, I. Dev, S. Narayana, R. Singh, B. Misri, S. Sareen, S. Radotra
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Livestock rearing is an important pursuit in mountain farming in India and plays a crucial role throughout the country. The preponderance of marginal and small landholdings (about 82%) in hilly regions does not allow the farmers to allocate even a small part of their land exclusively for forage production. In Himachal Pradesh state of India about 1.16 m ha (20% of the total area) is under permanent pastures and other grazing lands and none of the natural grasslands are fertilised in any form. Existing grasslands have deteriorated to such an extent that their carrying capacity is only 1.05 ACU (Adult …
