Physiology Commons^™

Ground Reaction Forces Generated By Twenty-Eight Hatha Yoga Postures, Sylvia J. Wilcox, Ron Hager, Barbara Lockhart, Matthew K. Seeley

International Journal of Exercise Science

Int J Exerc Sci 5(2) : 114-126, 2012. Adherents claim many benefits from the practice of yoga, including promotion of bone health and prevention of osteoporosis. However, no known studies have investigated whether yoga enhances bone mineral density. Furthermore, none have estimated reaction forces applied by yoga practitioners. The purpose of this study was to collect ground reaction force (GRF) data on a variety of hatha yoga postures that would commonly be practiced in fitness centers or private studios. Twelve female and eight male volunteers performed a sequence of 28 hatha yoga postures while GRF data were collected with an …

Differences In Force-Velocity Characteristics Of Upper And Lower Limbs Of Non-Competitive Male Boxers, Danai Giovani, Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis

International Journal of Exercise Science

Int J Exerc Sci 5(2) : 106-113, 2012. Despite the increasing popularity of boxing, only a few studies have been conducted on the physiology or the biomechanics of this sport. The aim of the present study is to examine the ratios of mechanical characteristics (maximal anaerobic power, P_max, theoretical maximal force, F₀, and velocity, v₀) between upper and lower limbs of male boxers. Twelve male caucasians, all members of a local fitness club, aged 29.5 (3.2) yr [mean (standard deviation)], stature 1.74 (.05) m, body mass 77.9 (8.1) kg, body fat 22.4 (3.9) % …

Acute Effects Of Static And Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching On Agility Performance In Elite Youth Soccer Players, J. Bradley Jordan, Ajit D. Korgaokar, Richard S. Farley, Jennifer L. Caputo

International Journal of Exercise Science

Int J Exerc Sci 5(2) : 97-105, 2012. A warm-up is an important part of preparation for a soccer match. Stretching is typically part of the warm-up however, debate exists as to the most appropriate type of stretching to perform. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of static and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching on soccer-specific agility performance in 14 male elite, premier league youth soccer players. Participants completed 4 trials of the Balsom agility test while dribbling a soccer ball. Height, age, and body mass were collected in trial 1 and participants were accommodated to …

Research And Critical Thinking : An Important Link For Exercise Science Students Transitioning To Physical Therapy, Harvey W. Wallmann, Donald L. Hoover

International Journal of Exercise Science

Int J Exerc Sci 5(2) : 93-96, 2012. Critical thinking skills are increasingly necessary for success in professional health care careers. Changes in the contemporary healthcare system in the United States arguably make these critical thinking skills more important than they have ever been, as clinicians are required on a daily basis to evaluate multiple bits of information about patients with multiple-systemic health concerns and make appropriate treatment decisions based on this information. We believe the IJES, with its emphasis on engaging undergraduate and graduate students in research and scholarly activity, is a valuable resource for promoting the higher-order critical …

Flowcell Systems For Single Molecule Detection, John G. K. Williams, Gregory R. Bashford, Jiyan Chen, Dan Draney, Nara Narayanan, Bambi L. Reynolds, Pamela Sheaff

Biomedical Imaging and Biosignal Analysis Laboratory

The present invention provides compounds, methods and systems for sequencing nucleic acid using single molecule detection. Using labeled NPs that exhibit charge-switching behavior, single-molecule DNA sequencing in a microchannel sorting system is realized. In operation, sequencing products are detected enabling real-time sequencing as successive detectable moieties flow through a detection channel. By electrically sorting charged molecules, the cleaved product molecules are detected in isolation without interference from unincorporated NPs and without illuminating the polymerase-DNA complex.

Integration Of Student Centered Physiology Learning Into Related High School Science Courses, Sowmya Anjur

Faculty Publications & Research

Student centered teaching was previously found to enhance student understanding and even improve performance of students in other courses taken in the same semester in high school (6). In an effort to improve student performance in related science classes, the same student centered methods used in my Physiology and Disease (PAD) class were implemented in a Biophysics class this semester. Initial student surveys showed that students felt that integrating physiology concepts into Biophysics helped them understand the material from two very different perspectives, giving them a "more complete picture". Test scores from each of the four units were compared in …

Treatment Of Aortic Heart Valve Conduit With Glutamine And Heat Shock As A Means To Deter The Constituent Cellular Population From Becoming Apoptotic, Alyce Marie Linthurst Jones

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

Cryopreserved allograft heart valves represent the best solution for a patient with a failing heart valve. However, the constituent cells become apoptotic and within months of transplant the heart valve becomes acellular and the recipient's cells do not repopulate the allograft (3, 51). A strategy to prevent this situation would be to minimize or prevent apoptosis from occurring by strategically altering steps during heart valve processing. Recently it has been demonstrated that: 1) Heat shock protein 70 is a negative modulator of the apoptotic cascade; 2) Cells in culture exposed to hypothermic conditions produce heat shock protein 70 upon rewarming; …

The Influence Of Interlimb Differences On Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Risk Factors In Female Collegiate Soccer Athletes, Eric Kevin Greska

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

Female collegiate soccer athletes suffer anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries at a rate of 0.31 per 1000 athlete-exposures, with 67% of injuries expected to be from a non-contact mechanism. As well, previous studies have demonstrated dissimilarity in non-contact ACL injuries relative to dominant and non-dominant legs; with the non-dominant leg being the involved side in 48-67% of reported incidents. The aim of this study was to examine lower extremity neuromechanics relative to leg dominance during an unanticipated sidestep cutting task, with differing states of fatigue and training.

Twenty female collegiate soccer players performed three valid trials for both the dominant …

The Effects Of Acute Hypoxia On Marksmanship, Chelsea Mary Moore

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

Expeditionary warfighters in the military have the responsibility of being ready to deploy on short notice to any part of the world and be able to effectively complete their mission even if deployed to altitude. Studies demonstrate that altitude can significantly effect heart rate, ventilation rate, arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) and cognition. Decrements in these areas could lead to a reduction in shooting accuracy. Only two studies have looked at the effects of marksmanship at various altitudes and their results are inconclusive. This study evaluated the effects of acute hypoxia on marksmanship and the effect of a physical exertion task …

The Relationship Between Perceived Exertion And Heart Rate During Yoga, Jessica M. Flores, John D. Smtih

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The relationship between perceived exertion and heart rate during yoga

Jessica Michele Flores, John D. Smith, Ph.D.

Texas A&M University-San Antonio

Undergraduate

Yoga has been around for centuries and has steadily increased in popularity in the West through the years, but this mind-body-spirit practice has had very little research conducted perceived intensities. PURPOSE: to assess heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) of those participating in yoga classes. It is hypothesized that as HR increases, there will also be in increase in RPE. It is also hypothesized that those taking yoga classes have goals of flexibility and stress …

Preliminary Analysis Of The Feasibility And Effectiveness Of Whole Body Vibration As A Therapeutic Intervention In A Skilled Nursing Facility, Kai Williams, Chris Goldstraw, Sheila Kellagher, Steven Tham, William E. Amonette

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Skeletal muscle sarcopenia results in loss of strength, power and functional capabilities leading to decreased independence and an increased reliance on the healthcare system. Exercise is an effective countermeasure to age related loss of muscle, but may be difficult in elderly patients with complex functional limitations. Whole body vibration (WBV) is a novel tool used to stimulate the neuromuscular system; research indicates it may improve strength, power, and balance in many populations. Purpose: The purposes of this study were to determine if WBV training is feasible in a skilled nursing facility and if standard of care (SOC) with augmented WBV …

Timed Up-And-Go Scores Are Associated With Balance But Not Lower-Extremity Force Production In Elderly Skilled Nursing Facility Patients, Christopher Barnett, Kai Williams, Chris Goldstraw, Sheila Kellagher, Steven Tham, William E. Amonette

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Aging is associated with numerous deleterious muscular, skeletal, and neurologic adaptations that may result in functional performance decrements. These decrements are accelerated during periods of unplanned physical inactivity (e.g. hospitalization). Reductions in gait velocity are well documented in the elderly and may result from fear of falling, poor balance, or inability to accelerate because of reduced ground reaction force capabilities. Purpose: To determine if timed up-and-go scores were related to balance or lower extremity force production in skilled nursing facility patients. Methods: Data were collected on 40 patients (77.1±1.4y; 164.2±1.7cm; 75.3±3.3 kg) in an inpatient skilled nursing facility. The 15 …

The Impact Of Physiologic Reductions In Blood Pressure Upon Oxygen Uptake During Moderate Intensity Leg Cycling, Cory L. Butts, Paul Mcdonough, David Keller, Mitchel Samels, Davor Krnjajic

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

INTRODUCTION: Control of oxygen uptake (VO2) during the rest-to-exercise transition is thought to be dominated by intracellular processes rather than oxygen delivery. However, large changes in arterial pressure (i.e., supraphysiologic) have been shown to alter VO₂ and its kinetics. Importantly, no studies have investigated the consequence of physiologic alterations in blood pressure on VO₂ and its kinetics during exercise in humans. PURPOSE: The aim of this preliminary study was to assess the effect of modest reductions in MAP achieved via neck suction upon Vo₂ across the rest-exercise transition, to test the hypothesis that physiologic reductions in arterial …

Effect Of The Negative Ion Band On Athletic Performance, Daniel Perales, John D. Smith Ph. D., Kevin H. Kendrick Ph. D.

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Negative Ion bands have been suggested to increase various areas of athletic performance. At this time, the authors are not aware of any studies on these bands. Purpose: To determine if a True Power Energy Band (True Power LLC, Melrose, MA) had an effect on various measures of performance. Methods: Forty-one subjects (age = 29.3±7.1 yrs, ht = 171.5±9.7 cm, wt = 85.4±23.2 kg) had their height and weight measured and were then randomized to wear the True Power band (TB) or a silver bracelet placebo band (PB) (Hobby Lobby). After 5 days, subjects were assessed on reaction …

Time-Trend Comparison Of Nfl Combine Peformance From 2000-2009, Christopher A. Seponski, Casey Bollier, A. Eugene Coleman, William E. Amonette

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The National Football League (NFL) combine is a final opportunity for collegiate seniors to showcase physical talent to NFL personnel responsible for draft decisions. Potential draftees complete tests of speed, agility, and power; the results of these tests are distributed to all NFL teams. Due to the importance of combine performance to draft order and corresponding financial incentives, training facilities now specialize in teaching technical strategies to improve combine scoring performance. Many athletes now participate in combine preparation programs which may have resulted in increased performance of recent cohorts. Purpose: To determine if NFL combine performances in the 40-yard sprint, …

Vitamin D Status In Lean And Obese Mexican American Children, Nadia H. Agha, Whitney L. Breslin, Brian K. Mcfarlin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Vitamin D deficiency is a worldwide problem amongst adolescents and adults, particularly in minority populations due to high skin melanin content. Melanin blocks the absorption of UVB photons, which limits natural vitamin D accumulation, requiring more dietary intake of vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk for chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Low levels of vitamin D are inversely correlated with systemic inflammation possibly mediating the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and disease. Adequate levels of vitamin D may decrease the risks of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, common cancers, and …

Evaluation Of A Vivo-Morpholino Delivery Method To The Brain And The Affect On Physical Activity, David P. Ferguson, Emily E. Schmitt, Dr.Timothy Lightfoot

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Evaluation of a Vivo-Morpholino Delivery Method to the Brain and the Affect on Physical Activity

*David P. Ferguson MS, Emily E. Schmitt MS, J. Timothy Lightfoot PhD FACSM

Biology of Physical Activity Lab, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843

*To be judged in the doctoral category

Physical inactivity has been shown to be correlated to various disease and conditions. Therefore, there is interest in the genetic mechanisms that control daily physical activity. Vivo-morpholinos are a new molecular biology tool that allows for the transient silencing of specific genes in an animal model, thereby allowing for a systematic method to …

Exercise Blood Pressures Are Lower After Aquatic Compared To Land Treadmill Training, Alex T. Carradine, Brad S. Lambert, Nicolas P. Greene, Travis W. Constanzo, Steven E. Martin, Stephen F. Crouse

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Exercise blood pressures are lower after aquatic compared to land treadmill training

Alex T. Carradine¹, Brad S. Lambert¹, Nicolas P. Greene², Travis W. Constanzo¹, Steven E. Martin¹, Stephen F. Crouse (FACSM)¹. Texas A&M University, College Station, TX. ²University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.

Traditional treadmill training has been shown to moderately decrease exercise blood pressures but the degree to which aquatic running alters exercise blood pressures has not been fully investigated. PURPOSE: To compare the exercise blood pressure responses after land treadmill (LTM) training to an equivalent …

The Correlation Of Physical Activity And Body Composition In Inbred Mice, Analisa M. Jimenez, David P. Ferguson, Dr.Timothy Lightfoot

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Correlation of Physical Activity and Body Composition in Inbred Mice.

Analisa .M Jimenez*; David .P Ferguson MS RCEP; J. Timothy Lightfoot, PhD FACSM RCEPCES

I would like to participate in the undergraduate category.

Biology of Physical Activity Lab, Texas A&M University, College Station TX, 77843-4243

Obesity is a growing epidemic related to physical inactivity, cardiovascular disease, and Type II diabetes. In smaller mouse cohorts, there has been no association reported between physical activity and body composition indices. The purpose of this experiment was to determine if there was a correlation between the physical activity level and body composition in …

Comparing Energy Cost And Maneuverability For Pushers Of Two Pediatric Wheelchairs Designed For Low-Income Countries, Alex Ott, Karen Rispin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Summary: Our study compared two pediatric wheelchairs designed for less resourced settings, a wheelchair made by the Association of the Physically Disabled of Kenya and the Regency chair made in the US and distributed globally. The Regency chair outperformed the APDK chair in most aspects measured. Introduction: Many wheelchairs are donated to less-resourced countries by well-meaning organizations without regard to local, cultural, and physical conditions and without ensuring appropriate knowledge, tools, and support are present¹. In the last ten years, several organizations have been manufacturing and distributing wheelchairs designed for low-income countries, however few outcomes studies have been …