Exercise Physiology Commons^™

Effect Of Increasing Levels Of Fatigue On Knee Proprioception, William Gear

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Ligament injuries of the knee, particularly the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), represent a significant percentage of lower extremity injuries during athletic participation. One possible factor associate with the high percentage of knee ligament injuries is a decrease in proprioception associated with fatigue. Previous research has found a decrease in proprioception following maximal fatigue of the knee musculature and following low intensity work to maximum fatigue. To date no investigation has examined if incremental increases in fatigue have an effect on proprioception. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of increasing levels of fatigue on active joint …

Blood Volume Unloading Reduces Cerebral Blood Flow, Taylor Drury, Darren Warburton, Aaron Phillips, Shannon Bredin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Introduction: Cerebral autoregulation (CA) has been understood for over 50 years to maintain constant cerebral blood flow (CBF) over a wide range of arterial blood pressures (60-150 mmHg), and blood volumes. The original work, which published this relationship, however, was derived from a limited number of studies focused primarily on clinical populations. Since that time, it has been applied to healthy individuals and is a mainstay of almost all physiology textbooks. Recent evidence, however, has suggested that CBF in healthy individuals is not independent of alterations in blood pressure and volume, indicating a possible absence of cerebral autoregulation. Lower body …

Harvest Of The Ipsilateral Hamstrings Does Not Result In Tibial Internal Rotation Strength And Endurance Insufficiencies For Patients 12 To 36 Months Post-Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Giampietro L. Vairo

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Ipsilateral hamstrings tendons harvest as a primary autograft for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction has become increasingly prevalent among orthopaedic surgeons. Though, limited evidence exists detailing ensuing knee joint performance capacity. Previous authors have reported that ipsilateral semitendinosus and gracilis (STG) harvest results in significant tibial internal rotation strength deficiencies for related patients (1,2). However, prior data in regards to this measure have been reported as absolute as opposed to relative indices of strength and have not produced endurance results. Therefore, our objective was to profile relative tibial internal rotation strength and endurance responses to STG harvest in ACL reconstructed …

The Metabolic Cost Of A Commercialized Video Fitness Program, Michele Olson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

INTRODUCTION: Numerous fitness products and programs are promoted in mainstream society to the general public for the purposes of developing various aspects of physical fitness especially weight loss. However, there is often little information regarding these products and programs including the energy, or, caloric cost of the workout(s). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the mean energy cost of a popular commercialized video exercise program titled, “The FIRM Express.”

Keynote And Symposia Titles

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Keynote and Symposia titles for the 2nd International eConference on Kinesiology and Integrated Physiology. Meeting was held between October 3-14, 2011 and can be found at: http://kinesiology.econferenceintl.com

The Effect Of Exercise Mode And Intensity Of Submaximal Physical Activities On Salivary Testosterone To Cortisol Ratio And Α-Amylase In Young Active Males, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani, Hoseyn Fatolahi, Mohammad Javad Rasaee, Maghsod Peeri, Roholah Babaei

International Journal of Exercise Science

We examined the effect of exercise intensity and mode on the acute responses of free testosterone to cortisol ratio and salivary α-amylase. We also evaluated the relationship between cortisol and salivary α-amylase. Ten healthy young active males participated voluntarily in this study in six single sessions. They exercised on a cycle ergo meter, treadmill, and elliptical instrument at intensities of 70% and 85% maximum heart rate for 25 minutes. Saliva samples were collected 5 minutes before and 5 minutes after each exercise session. No significant changes were observed for cortisol. Free testosterone to cortisol ratio increased during each exercise session …

Influence Of Differences In Exercise-Intensity And Kilograms/Set On Energy Expenditure During And After Maximally Explosive Resistance Exercise, Scott A. Mazzetti Ph.D., Christopher Wolff, Brittany Collins, Michael T. Kolankowski, Brittany Wilkerson, Matthew Overstreet, Troy Grube

International Journal of Exercise Science

With resistance exercise, greater intensity typically elicits increased energy expenditure, but heavier loads require that the lifter perform more sets of fewer repetitions, which alters the kilograms lifted per set. Thus, the effect of exercise-intensity on energy expenditure has yielded varying results, especially with explosive resistance exercise. This study was designed to examine the effect of exercise-intensity and kilograms/set on energy expenditure during explosive resistance exercise. Ten resistance-trained men (22±3.6 years; 84±6.4 kg, 180±5.1 cm, and 13±3.8 %fat) performed squat and bench press protocols once/week using different exercise-intensities including 48% (LIGHT-48), 60% (MODERATE-60), and 72% of 1-repetition-maximum (1-RM) (HEAVY-72), plus …

Impact Of Exercise Partner Attractiveness On Mood, Enjoyment, And Exertion, Thomas G. Plante, Sarah Gregg, Jaclyn Rubbo, Thomas Favero, Ashley Morisako, Jessica Cuadra

International Journal of Exercise Science

Social comparison theory was used to examine if males exercising with a female research confederate posing as either attractive or unattractive would alter their exercise mood, exertion, and enjoyment. A total of 101 college students (51 males and 51 females) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: biking alone, biking with an attractive female confederate, or biking with the same female confederate appearing unattractive. All participants were instructed to complete 20 minutes of exercise at 60%-70% of their maximum target heart rate. Standard exercise mood measures (e.g., Activation-Deactivation Adjective Check List) were administered immediately prior to and immediately following …

Do Exergames Allow Children To Achieve Physical Activity Intensity Commensurate With National Guidelines?, Rachel Perron, Courtney Graham, Jamie Feldman, Rebecca Moffett, Eric E. Hall

International Journal of Exercise Science

The purpose of this study was to determine if two popular exergames, Wii Fit™ and EA Sports Active™, both games for the Nintendo Wii™ console, help children achieve intensity consistent with recommended physical activity guidelines. Thirty children (19 males and 11 females, Mean age = 9.4 ± 1.8 years) participated in this study by playing each game during one research session. During the session participants wore a heart rate monitor and accelerometer to measure exercise intensity. Perceived exertion (RPE) was measured with the children’s run/walk OMNI scale. All three measures of exercise intensity (heart rate, accelerometer counts, and RPE) found …

Oxidative Stress Response To Short Duration Bout Of Submaximal Aerobic Exercise In Healthy Young Adults, Keith M. Diaz, Deborah L. Feairheller Phd, Kathleen M. Sturgeon, Sheara T. Williamson, Michael D. Brown

International Journal of Exercise Science

The purpose of this study was to investigate the oxidative stress response to a short duration bout of submaximal exercise in a cohort of healthy young adults. 15 apparently healthy college age males and females completed a modified Bruce-protocol treadmill test to 75-80% of their heart rate reserve. Blood samples collected immediately before (pre-exercise), immediately after, 30, 60 and 120 minutes post-exercise were assayed for total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide disumutase (SOD), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and protein carbonyls (PC). SOD activity was significantly increased from pre-exercise levels at 30 minutes (77%), 60 minutes (33%), and 120 minutes (37%) post-exercise. …

The Relationship Between Stride Rates, Lengths And Body Size And Their Affect On Elite Triathletes’ Running Performance During Competition, Grant J. Landers, Brian A. Blanksby, Timothy R. Ackland

International Journal of Exercise Science

Previous research has suggested that a degree of predictability exists in the relationship between self-selected running stride rates (SR) and stride lengths (SL) with measures of body size such as mass, height and limb lengths. Significant correlations have also been revealed between these body size measures and performance and between SL and performance. However, there is also evidence to suggest that triathlon performance may be related to maintaining a longer SL during the final run. Hence, the aim of this investigation was to examine whether there was any relationship between SR and SL, with body masses and heights of senior …

Repeated Sprint Performance In Male And Female College Athletes Matched For Vo2max Relative To Fat Free Mass, Amanda L. Mageean, Ryan P. Alexander, Constance M. Mier

International Journal of Exercise Science

The purpose of this study was to examine gender differences in repeated sprint exercise (RSE) performance among male and female athletes matched for VO2max relative to FFM (VO2max FFM). Thirty nine male and female college athletes performed a graded exercise test for VO2max and hydrostatic weighing to determine FFM. From the results, 11 pairs of males and females matched for VO2max FFM (mean ± SD; 58.3 ± 4.3 and 58.9 ± 4.6 ml.kg FFM-1.min-1; men and women, respectively) were identified. On a separate day, matched participants performed a RSE protocol that consisted of five 6-sec cycle sprints with 30-sec recovery …

Outcomes Of A Family Based Pediatric Obesity Program - Preliminary Results, Meghan L. Ruebel, Kate A. Heelan, R.Todd Bartee, Nancy Foster

International Journal of Exercise Science

Children that are classified as obese (body mass index (BMI) > 95th percentile for age and sex, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) have an increased risk for metabolic and cardiovascular complications. Family based programs that focus on physical activity (PA) and healthy eating are recommended for treatment of pediatric obesity. The purpose of the current study is to determine the outcomes of Building Healthy Families (BHF), a family-based pediatric weight loss treatment program composed of nutrition, physical activity and behavioral modification strategies. In addition, mediating variables that are associated with weight loss in children, in order to enhance the retention …

Case Study On The Development Of The International Journal Of Exercise Science, Scott Lyons

International Journal of Exercise Science

The International Journal of Exercise Science is a quarterly, online, open access publication dedicated to the dissemination of research in the areas of Exercise Science, Exercise Physiology, Human Performance, Kinesiology, and related disciplines. Dr. James W. Navalta and Dr. T. Scott Lyons (the author), both Associate Professors of Exercise Science at Western Kentucky University, are the founders of the International Journal of Exercise Science (IJES). IJES is a student-focused journal, in that the editors are specifically seeking research that is led by graduate or undergraduate students. Manuscripts submitted by professionals (defined as those holding a terminal degree) are also gladly …

Load Carriage Distance Run And Pushups Tests: No Body Mass Bias And Occupationally Relevant, Paul M. Vanderburgh, Nicholas S. Mickley, Philip A. Anloague, Kimber Lucius

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

Recent research has demonstrated body mass (M) bias in military physical fi tness tests favoring lighter, not just leaner, service members. Mathematical modeling predicts that a distance run carrying a backpack of 30 lbs would eliminate M-bias. The purpose of this study was to empirically test this prediction for the U.S. Army push-ups and 2-mile run tests. Two tests were performed for both events for each of 56 university Reserve Offi cer Training Corps male cadets: with (loaded) and without backpack (unloaded). Results indicated signifi cant M-bias in the unloaded and no M-bias in the loaded condition for both events. …

Outcomes Of Early Versus Late Nephrology Referral In Chronic Kidney Disease – A Systematic Review, Neil A. Smart Assoc. Prof.

Neil Smart

Background As late provision of specialist care, prior to starting dialysis therapy, is believed to be associated with increased morbidity and mortality, a systematic review was undertaken to evaluate clinical outcomes relating to early versus late referral of patients to nephrology services.

Methods: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched up until September 2008 for studies of early versus late nephrology referral in adult (>18 years) patients with chronic kidney disease. Early referral was defined by the time period, at which patients were referred to a nephrologist.

Findings: No randomized, controlled trials were found. …

Proceedings Of The Ii International Meeting In Exercise Physiology

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Proceedings of the II International Meeting in Exercise Physiology. Meeting held May 5-7, 2011. This meeting was promoted by the Exercise Physiology Laboratory / UFSCar, in collaboration with UNICAMP and UNIMEP universities. The event was designed to bring Brazilian scientists, especially from São Paulo state that work with Exercise Physiology and Health. The main objective was to put together these students and scientists interested in developing joint researches in this area.

Programming

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Programming for the II International Meeting in Exercise Physiology

Exercise-Induced Lymphocyte Apoptosis And Relationship With Level Of Lactate In Smokers And Non-Smokers, Kyung-Shin Park, Yang Lee

International Journal of Exercise Science

Purposes of this study were 1) to examine the exercise intensity where lymphocyte apoptosis index (AI) is significantly increased in smokers and non-smokers, 2) to find out whether AI is associated with level of lactate (L). METHODS: Fourteen healthy untrained smokers (≥ 1 pack year, n=7) and non-smokers (n=7) aged 18 to 26 were recruited. Each subject conducted three treadmill runs at different intensities randomly. Running distance for all three runs was equivalent to 30 minute run at 70% VO2max. AI and L were analyzed at rest (Pre), immediately after (Post), and 1 h following (1 h post) each run. …

Presence Of Observers Increases One Repetition Maximum In College-Age Males And Females, Steven C. Baker, Alan P. Jung, John K. Petrella

International Journal of Exercise Science

Purpose: To determine if the presence of observers affects muscular strength performance in college-age males and females. Methods: Twenty-five women and 24 men participated in the study. Two counter-balanced trials were performed in which participants completed 1-RM tests in bench press and leg press. During one trial, two members of the opposite gender observed the 1-RM tests. During the other trial there were no observers, other than the tester. Results: 1-RM for females increased 3.4±0.8 lbs on bench press (p<.001) and increased 9.2±3.8 lbs on leg press (p=.025) when observers were present. 1-RM for males increased 4.2±1.1 lbs on bench press (p=.001) and increased 18.8±5.2 lbs on leg press (p=.002) with observers present. There was no difference in the percent increase in 1-RM between males and females for either leg press (p=.71) or bench press (p=.08). Conclusion: College-age males and females lifted more weight during a 1-RM test when observers were present.