Nutrition Commons^™

A Precious Commodity, Winston J. Craig

Lake Union Herald

No abstract provided.

Assessing The Prevalence Of Inadequate Nutrient Intake Among Vegetarians And Non-Vegetarians Using The Estimated Average Requirement : Results From The Adventist Health Study-2 Calibration Study, Choon Chew Teo

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Introduction: Studies have shown that vegetarians have lower risk of chronic diseases and longer lifespan. Yet when mean intake of vegetarians was compared with the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), it was reported that vegetarians were inadequate in certain nutrients. With the recent establishment of the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR), the new reference standard for assessing adequacy of population intakes, nutrient adequacy of the vegetarian diet should now be reassessed.

Daily number of servings for each food group of the food guides have usually been theoretically computed based on intakes suggested in menus or cookbooks. We attempted to use the actual …

Reducing Portion Size Reduces Food Intake And Plate Waste, Marjorie Freedman, Carolina Brochado

Faculty Publications

As portion size (PS) increases, so does food intake. The effect of decreasing PS on food intake in a nonlaboratory setting is unknown. This 5-week study sought to determine whether decreasing PS resulted in decreased intake of the same food, and if so, at what point further PS reductions might lack benefit. It also assessed effects of PS reduction on food production and waste in a university all-you-can-eat dining facility (DF). Subjects were primarily freshmen who regularly ate lunch at the DF, and self-selected French fries (FF) presented in individual paper bags, portioned originally at 88 g, and decreased ∼15 …

A “Healthy Pizza Kitchen” Nutrition Education Program At A Children's Health Museum, Marjorie Freedman

Faculty Publications

For nutrition education to be successful in changing behavior, schools, families, and communities must participate in or provide a variety of diverse, creative, accessible, and culturally appropriate programs. One venue for provision of nutrition education is a health and science education center that has exhibits and special programs not found in an average school. Establishing relationships with these organizations could greatly enhance a school health curriculum.1 Although nutrition information, displays, and programming are often found in these centers, studies examining whether provision of nutrition education in these venues increases knowledge or changes behavior are lacking. The purpose of this study, …

Kampanye Dan Penggunaan Garam Beryodium Di Desa Leuwiliang, Jawa Barat, Rina Anggorodi

Kesmas

Pada tahun 2002, sekitar 71,8% masyarakat Kabupaten Bogor mengonsumsi garam beryodium dengan kategori cukup yang jauh di bawah target Universal Salt Iodization (USI) > 90%. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 39 informan para ibu bekerja dan tidak bekerja yang tinggal dan tidak tinggal dengan orang tua, petugas kesehatan, kader, ibu PKK, pedagang sembako yang ada di pasar dan warung di wilayah Kecamatan Leuwiliang. Informan yang tinggal dengan orang tua cenderung memilih garam curah karena orang tua menyukai garam tersebut. Sebaliknya, informan yang tinggal sendiri memilih garam beryodium tanpa dipengaruhi orang tua. Sementara, informan dengan tingkat pendidikan SMA dan D3 segera mengubah perilaku menggunakan …

Faktor Risiko Obesitas Pada Orang Dewasa Urban Dan Rural, Nurzakiah Nurzakiah, Endang Achadi, Ratu Ayu Sartika

Kesmas

Obesitas yang merupakan faktor risiko penyakit degeneratif di negara berkembang. Hal ini terjadi akibat perubahan gaya hidup masyarakat antara lain aktivitas fisik dan pola makan akibat perkembangan status sosial ekonomi masyarakat perkotaan dan pedesaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui cut-off point status gizi obese berdasarkan indikator IMT (Indeks Massa Tubuh). Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa prevalensi obese berdasarkan indikator PLT (Proporsi Lemak Tubuh) (35%), indikator IMT Depkes (22,7%) dan indikator IMT (40,8%). Faktor risiko obesitas yang paling dominan berdasarkan kategori PLT adalah tempat tinggal (OR=2,51;CI 95%:1,24-5,08); berdasarkan kategori IMT Depkes adalah tempat tinggal (OR=2,11;CI 95%:1,16-3,85); sedangkan berdasarkan kategori IMT sampel adalah asupan …

Pengetahuan Gizi Dan Kadar Hemoglobin Anak Sekolah Dasar Penderita Anemia Setelah Mendapatkan Suplementasi Besi Dan Pendidikan Gizi, Siti Zulaekah, Laksmi Widajanti

Kesmas

Anemia merupakan masalah kesehatan utama yang diderita 26,5% anak usia sekolah dan remaja di Indonesia. Dengan pendidikan gizi pada anak anemia di Sekolah Dasar diharapkan terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan gizi dan pola makan sehingga akan meningkatkan asupan besi dan kadar hemoglobin. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari efek suplementasi besi dan pendidikan gizi terhadap pengetahuan gizi dan kadar hemoglobin anak SD yang anemia. Desain penelitian ini Quasy experiment with pretest post test control group. Penelitian dilakukan pada 107 sampel yang dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan One Way Anova dan Kruskal Wallis Test untuk uji beda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar hemoglobin …

Sekolah Dasar Pintu Masuk Perbaikan Pengetahuan, Sikap, Dan Perilaku Gizi Seimbang Masyarakat, Endang Achadi, Siti A. Pujonarti, Trini Sudiarti, Rahmawati Rahmawati, Kusharisupeni Kusharisupeni, Mardatillah Mardatillah, Wahyu K. Y. Putra

Kesmas

Indonesia masih menghadapi tantangan besar dalam bidang gizi, yaitu gizi kurang dan gizi lebih. Makanan jadi “tidak sehat” yang melimpahnya dikemas secara sangat menarik, ditambah dengan pengertian salah tentang “4 Sehat 5 Sempurna” sebagai Gizi Seimbang memberikan kontribusi tidak kecil terhadap masalah gizi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pendekatan KIE (Komunikasi, Edukasi dan Informasi) di sekolah dapat merubah Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Praktek (PSP) anak sekolah tentang Gizi Seimbang. Penelitian ini dilakukan di dua Sekolah Dasar Negeri (SDN) di Kota Depok, melibatkan 132 anak kelas 4 dan 5. Desain penelitian adalah before and after, dengan metoda pengumpulan data …

A Pilot Study Of The Relationship Of Calcium Intake And Frequency Of Injuries In High School Athletes, Jeffrey K. Ebert

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Little information is available related to adolescent calcium intake and relationships with injuries they might suffer from sport participation. To determine calcium intake of high school athletes, to assess their self reported injury rates, and to examine the relationship between the two over a 12 month period of time. Participants received a questionnaire at their school and completed it anywhere they found convenient. Adolescent athletes in the Lincoln Public School system (n=43) that participated in at least one sport in the past year. Four age groups participated in the study with sixteen year olds having a significantly higher calcium intake …

Beta Galactosidose Activity Of Commercial Lactase Samples In Raw And Pasteurized Milk At Refrigerated Temperatures, Trenton W. Horner

Theses and Dissertations

Many consumers are unable to enjoy the benefits of milk, due to lactose-intolerance. Lactose-free milk is available, but at about 2 times the cost of regular milk or greater, it may be difficult for consumers to afford. The high cost of lactose-free milk is in part due to the added cost of the lactose hydrolysis process. Hydrolysis at refrigerated temperatures, possibly in the bulk tank or package, could increase the flexibility of the process, and potentially reduce the cost. A rapid β-galactosidase assay was used to determine the relative activity of commercially available lactase samples at different temperatures. Four enzymes …

Effects Of Starvation Selection On Nutrient Allocation And Fecundity In Drosophila Melanogaster, Bryan Penalosa, Allen Gibbs

Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program (UROP)

The life cycle of holometabolous insects is distinctly divided into three life stages: the larval, pupal, and adult stages. During the larval stage, animals accumulate energy stores in the larval fat body to be later used in the pupal and adult stages. I determined how this accumulated energy is stored in adult Drosophila melanogaster that have been selected for resistance to starvation for >40 generations. I assayed carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids and found that 0 day old starvation selected flies have almost four times as much lipid content, twice as much carbohydrate, and a fairly equal amount of protein versus …

Effects Of Duration Of Proton Pump Inhibitor (Ppi) Therapy On Markers Of Bone Health In Men And Postmenopausal Women, Zarina Maria Pabin

Theses and Dissertations

This observational study compared bone health biomarkers, bone mineral density (BMD),dietary habits, and physical activity levels of men (n=31) and non-estrogen supplementing postmenopausal women (n=23) divided according to duration of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy; more than 5 years (n=16), less than 5 years (n=15), and no PPI therapy (n=23). The shortest duration of PPI therapy was 2 months and the longest duration of PPI therapy was 25 years with a mean duration of 7.5 years. No significant differences were found between measures of spine BMD, urinary deoxypyridinoline (bone resorption), urinary calcium and magnesium, serum osteocalcin (bone formation), serum parathyroid …

Feeding Corn Milling Co-Products To Forage Fed Cattle, 1st Edition, Aaron Stalker, Rick Rasby, Galen E. Erickson, Crystal Buckner, Terry J. Klopfenstein

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Introduction

Beef calves from weaning until they enter feedlots, developing heifers, and beef cows are fed primarily forage diets. Especially in the winter, forages are low in protein and phosphorus and need to be supplemented. Corn milling co-products are excellent sources of both protein and phosphorus and fi t nicely into winter supplementation programs. Corn milling co-products are also an excellent source of energy and are particularly well suited to forage based diets.

Two primary types of milling processes currently exist, resulting in quite diff erent feed products. The dry milling process produces distillers grains plus solubles (DGS), and the …

Let’S Have A Date, Winston J. Craig

Lake Union Herald

No abstract provided.

Interaction Between Roughages And Corn Milling Byproducts In Finishing Cattle Diets, Joshua R. Benton

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

During ethanol production, starch is the primary nutrient fermented and the remaining byproducts are excellent sources of fiber and protein. In addition, inclusion of byproducts in finishing diets may reduce the incidence of acidosis. As a result, roughage level and quality could potentially be reduced in finishing diets containing byproducts. Three experiments were conducted to examine the effects of roughage and wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) in finishing cattle diets containing corn distillers grains plus solubles. Cattle fed finishing diets containing wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) with no roughage had decreased DMI and ADG compared to cattle fed roughage. …

Comparing The Effectiveness And Acceptability Of The Jump Into Foods And Fitness (Jiff) And Quest For Health Nutrition Interventions Within An African-American Population, Jermaine Shaw

All Theses

The severity of the obesity epidemic has increased the necessity for nutrition education programs. These programs must be culturally and age appropriate in order to be more effective in bringing about positive behavior changes in the target populations.
This study examined the effectiveness and acceptability of the Jump into Foods and Fitness (JIFF) and Quest for Health nutrition education programs within a pre-adolescent African-American population. Two classes from the Boys and Girls Club of Sumter, S.C. were randomly assigned to one of the nutrition education programs. Class one was assigned to the JIFF curriculum, and included 23 participants. Class two …

Regulation Of Atp Binding Cassette Transporter A1 And G1 Expression By Fatty Acids, Chai Siah Ku

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

High density lipoprotein (HDL) is an atheroprotective element which is critical in the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) pathway to eliminate excess cholesterol from the periphery of the body. A low plasma HDL cholesterol levels indicate a higher risk of getting cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Formation and metabolism of HDL largely rely on ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and G1 (ABCG1) that are transporters to facilitate the efflux of cellular cholesterol to outside of cells. ABCA1 in the liver and small intestine is the major contributing factor for HDL formation. On the other hand, ABCA1 and ABCG1 present in macrophages contribute …

Change In Eating Competence In College Students Enrolled In Basic Nutrition Courses, Katrina J. Larsen

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: Determine change in eating competence (EC) and factors related to EC in students enrolled in basic nutrition courses at a major private university. Design: Eating competence was measured by administering the ecSatter Inventory (ecSI) both before and after class intervention. Additional data on eating disorder prevalence, food security, and general demographics were also collected in the same structured survey. Significance identified with p value <0.01. Setting/Participants: This survey was administered to 566 students enrolled in basic nutrition courses at a major private university in the western United States. Analysis: ANOVA was used to determine relationships between ecSI end scores and participant characteristics. ANCOVA was used to determine relationships between change in ecSI scores over time and participant characteristics. Results: Enrollment in NDFS 100 is associated with an overall increase in eating competence (EC). However, students with current eating disorders had a significant decrease in EC during enrollment. Current or past eating disorders and low or very low Food Security Status were associated with lack of EC. Females and younger participants were not eating competent at the course end. Enrollment in NDFS 201 was not associated with significant change in EC. Conclusions: Basic nutrition instruction improves EC among students without eating disorders. Low food security status and presence of an eating disorder may be a barrier to improving EC.

Development And Use Of A Physiologically Based Mathematical Model Describing The Relationships And Contributions Of Macronutrients To Weight And Body Composition Changes, Saori Sakita

Theses and Dissertations

The effect of the dietary macronutrient composition on weight loss has been a controversial issue for decades. During that time, a high-protein, high-fat, and low-carbohydrate diet has been one of the more popular weight loss diets with the public. We hypothesized that a computer simulation model using STELLA software could help to better understanding the effect of the dietary macronutrient composition on weight loss. We calculated daily total oxidation instead of total energy expenditure as others have done based on the facts that carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake influence carbohydrate, fat, and protein oxidation. In order to create a simple …

Omega-3 Benefits, Winston J. Craig

Lake Union Herald

No abstract provided.