Human and Clinical Nutrition Commons^™

Summer Fun: Maintaining Healthy Behaviors When Schedules Change, Erin Howie, Jamie Baum

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

Maintaining healthy behaviors during the summer and how best to take care of yourself in the heat.

Effect Of The Lysosomotropic Agent Chloroquine On Mtorc1 Activation And Protein Synthesis In Human Skeletal Muscle, Michael S. Borack, Jared M. Dickinson, Christopher S. Fry, Paul T. Reidy, Melissa M. Markofski, Rachel R. Deer, Kristofer Jennings, Elena Volpi, Blake B. Rasmussen

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of Education and Professional Studies

Background

Previous work in HEK-293 cells demonstrated the importance of amino acid-induced mTORC1 translocation to the lysosomal surface for stimulating mTORC1 kinase activity and protein synthesis. This study tested the conservation of this amino acid sensing mechanism in human skeletal muscle by treating subjects with chloroquine—a lysosomotropic agent that induces in vitro and in vivo lysosome dysfunction.

Methods

mTORC1 signaling and muscle protein synthesis (MPS) were determined in vivo in a randomized controlled trial of 14 subjects (10 M, 4 F; 26 ± 4 year) that ingested 10 g of essential amino acids (EAA) after receiving 750 mg of chloroquine ...

What Role Does Stress Play In Overall Health?, Jamie Baum

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

What is Stress?

Alternative names for stress.

Types of stress.

Causes of stress.

Learning to recognize stress.

The Age Of Artificial Intelligence: Use Of Digital Technology In Clinical Nutrition, Berkeley K. Limketkai, Kasuen Mauldin, Natalie Manitius, Laleh Jalilian, Bradley R. Salonen

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Purpose of review

Computing advances over the decades have catalyzed the pervasive integration of digital technology in the medical industry, now followed by similar applications for clinical nutrition. This review discusses the implementation of such technologies for nutrition, ranging from the use of mobile apps and wearable technologies to the development of decision support tools for parenteral nutrition and use of telehealth for remote assessment of nutrition.

Recent findings

Mobile applications and wearable technologies have provided opportunities for real-time collection of granular nutrition-related data. Machine learning has allowed for more complex analyses of the increasing volume of data collected. The ...

A Study Protocol To Investigate The Use Of Virtual Worlds To Provide Nutrition Education, James Hollis, Shelley E. Woodall

Food Science and Human Nutrition Publications

Objectives The use of grocery store tours to provide nutrition education has increased in popularity. Participants in these tours can accompany a nutrition professional as they walk through a grocery store and receive information about products and their nutritional quality. However, there are several obstacles to this approach being more widely used. The objective of this ongoing research project is to show that people find virtual worlds to be acceptable, to determine the most effective method of delivering nutrition education virtually and to determine if people find information provided by an avatar to be credible.

Food Purchases In An Online Virtual Restaurant, James Hollis

Food Science and Human Nutrition Publications

Food is commonly purchased at fast-food restaurants and improving food choices at these establishments may be a key contributor to improving the nation's diet. A better understanding of the barriers to dietary change when purchasing foods at fast-food restaurants may aid the development of new interventions to improve dietary choices. The objective of this study is to determine the costs and benefits of choosing a lower calorie meal in a 3D virtual representation of a fast-food restaurant.

What Is Self-Efficacy, Why Does It Matter, And How Can We Improve It?, Bryce Daniels

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

Self-efficacy defined and examples shared. Self-efficacy shows to directly influence health behavior performance.

Grit defined and examples shared. There are two components to grit: consistency of interest and perseverance of effort.

Effects Of Covid-19 On University Student Food Security, Elizabeth D. Davitt, Michelle M. Heer, Donna M. Winham, Simon T. Knoblauch, Mack C. Shelley

Food Science and Human Nutrition Publications

During COVID-19 restrictions in spring 2020, college students experienced closed dormitories and increased unemployment and many students moved in with their families. College students were vulnerable to food insecurity pre-pandemic and this study examined how the living situations and food security status changed for Midwestern university students due to COVID-19 restrictions. An email survey administered to Iowa State University students between the ages of 18 and 30 who physically attended campus prior to its closure produced 1434 responses. Students living with a parent or guardian increased by 44% and were less likely to experience food insecurity or less likely to ...

Implementing And Evaluating Health Behavior Changes, Robert E. Davis

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

Describes what health, health behavior and health behavior change mean and how to take action to create a health behavior change for yourself.

Training Interns In Nutrition And Dietetics: A Cross-Sectional Study Of The Barriers And Motivators To Being A Registered Dietitian Nutritionist Preceptor, Andrea M. Hutchins, Donna M. Winham, Jinette P. Fellows, Michelle M. Heer

Food Science and Human Nutrition Publications

Background

As is common across the health professions, training of Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (RDNs) requires experiential learning for interns/students to gain skills and demonstrate entry-level competency. Preceptors are essential to the experiential learning component of health care professional training, providing supervision and mentoring as students and interns gain the skills required for entry-level practice competency. Over the past 27 years, 47–73% of applicants to dietetic internships have received a placement. Practitioners willing to volunteer as preceptors are needed to generate more internship or experiential learning opportunities for the profession to continue to meet workforce demands.

Methods

The objective ...

Communicating Healthy Behavior Choices In Your Community, Bonnie Faitak

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

How a team at UAMS has been helping communicate about healthy food choices across the region, state, and world.

How Do Food And Physical Activity Policies Affect Our Health?, Chris Long

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

Policy is generally defined and then tied into how food and physical health policies affect our everyday lives.

The Effect Of Whey Protein Supplementation At Breakfast On Tryptophan Levels, Food Intake, And Mood In Postmenopausal Women In A 16-Week Randomized Controlled Trial, Danielle Warren

Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management Undergraduate Honors Theses

Whey protein isolate supplementation has been recognized as having potential for regulating appetite, thereby potentially improving mood and food intake.

The objectives of this project were to 1) analyze the effects of high-quality whey protein intake on overall diet, and 2) identify and examine a correlation between tryptophan levels and mood regulation.

This research was conducted using a randomized experimental design. A total of 13 post-menopausal women (12+ months after last reported menstrual cycle) were recruited and allocated to one of two dietary intervention (DI) groups: 1) control (maintain current lifestyle; CON; n = 6), and 2) whey protein isolate (WPI ...

Perceived Adult/Child Health And Diet By Snap Usage And Food Security In A Rural, Appalachian Mississippi Community, Georgia Inglis

Honors Theses

This study examined if there were differences in perceived adult health score, perceived adult diet score, parent-perceived child health score, and parent-perceived child diet score by SNAP usage and food security in a rural, Appalachian Mississippi community. Adults (n=1084) with elementary school- aged children were surveyed in a rural, Appalachian Mississippi school district. Demographic, household adult food security (USDA 10-item measure), and perceived health and dietary data were collected. Using IBM SPSS version 24, demographic statistics were calculated to summarize data. Independent samples t-test and one-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test was utilized to assess for differences between groups ...

Mindful Eating And Perceived Stress In College Students, Emily G. Garrett

Graduate Theses

Background: Evidence suggests that in college student populations, stress levels often manifest as maladaptive eating and/or functional gastrointestinal disorders. These conditions can degrade wellbeing and academic performance if not addressed.

Research aim/question(s): The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between students’ perceived stress, their overall mindfulness, and mindful eating patterns. Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and bowel habits were also investigated to determine whether these factors were stress-related or influenced mindfulness behaviors.

Materials and Methods: An online survey was conducted during the 2020-2021 academic year. Demographic information, including smoking, alcohol, and drug use patterns, was gathered ...

Sarcopenia Screening By Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (Rdns) In The United States (U.S.), Madison Marcom

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Sarcopenia is a disease of muscle wasting primarily seen in older adults. Although this term was first coined over three decades ago, there is a lack of consensus on a definition, screening criteria, and treatment protocol for sarcopenia. The primary purpose of this study is to determine whether registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) in the United States (U.S.) screen for sarcopenia. Study participants were recruited through a randomized email list and included RDNs throughout the U.S. Respondents completed a survey questioning knowledge of sarcopenia, screening tools and company protocols in place, and the need and desire for sarcopenia education ...

Nutritional Data And Corresponding Performance Impacts Of Uri Student-Athletes, Abigael Fenbert

Senior Honors Projects

This research project investigates the diets of various sport athletes at the University of Rhode Island. The question that this project aims to answer is if our athletes are meeting recommended daily values nutritionally, and if not, why? Research continues to grow regarding how performance implications are tied to varying nutritional disparities for athletes. Various studies show malnourishment leads to performance decline, increased injury risk, and improper recovery. This is influenced by factors such as deficits in caloric intake, macronutrient and micronutrient availability, and dehydration. For college athletes, a lack of food availability and nutritional knowledge leaves them especially predisposed ...

Challenges And Benefits Experienced By Mississippi Schools In The Adoption Of Farm To School Programs, Manuel Aldair Franco Pech

Honors Theses

Mississippi obesity rates are the second highest in the United States. An appropriate target group to combat the state’s high obesity rates are school age children (ages 18 and under), because healthy eating habits developed at this age translate into adult years. An avenue to encourage and develop healthy eating habits are Farm to School (F2S) programs, which provide in-school accessibility to healthy, locally produced foods. The objective of this study was to analyze the results from the 2015 United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) F2S Census, which collected details regarding F2S participation across the country, to determine ...

Thinking About Availability And Accessibility, Di Fang

Diet, Food, Exercise, and Nutrition (D-FEND)

Food environments are described, including food deserts and food access.

The Effect Of A Single Dose Of Beetroot Juice On Speed, Strength, And Power In Healthy Recreationally Active Females., Maya A. Hammer, Ryan Kenney, Katie Price, Chandler Riley, Alyssa Riley, Courtney Merrill, Adam Pennell, Rachel Tan

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

Nitrate-rich beetroot juice (BR) improves muscle contraction which is relevant for intense intermittent-type sports. However, few studies have examined the effect of BR ingestion on performance using sport-specific exercise protocols. Moreover, there is a scarcity of research that include female participants which limits real world application given that females potentially have different responses to BR ingestion. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of BR supplementation on speed, acceleration, strength and power before and after fatigue in females. In a double-blind, randomized crossover design, 15 recreationally active females consumed BR and nitrate-depleted placebo juice (PL) ~2 ...