Surveillance And Stewardship: Where Infection Prevention And Antimicrobial Stewardship Intersect,
2023
Cepheid
Surveillance And Stewardship: Where Infection Prevention And Antimicrobial Stewardship Intersect, Fred C. Tenover, Debra A. Goff
Biology Faculty Publications
Colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) is a risk factor for subsequent infection. Surveillance for MDROs, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales, and carbapenemase-producing organisms, is commonly conducted in hospitals to prevent spread of MDROs, in part to reduce the potential for additional infections. Although colonization is a risk factor for infection, data on colonization with various MDROs are often not considered when selecting anti-infective therapy. There are conflicting data on the strength of the positive and negative predictive values of the colonization test results to guide therapeutic strategies. Defining therapeutic strategies for patients with complicated or …
Effects On Primary Endothelial Cells When Exposed To Polyethylene Terephthalate Nanoplastic,
2023
Pepperdine University
Effects On Primary Endothelial Cells When Exposed To Polyethylene Terephthalate Nanoplastic, David Guzman
Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium
As the use of plastics becomes more predominant in our environment, the interactions between nanoplastics and the human body have increased dramatically. One of the most common and prevalent plastics is polyethylene, and more specifically polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Tissue exposure to nanoplastics occurs through surface contact upon ingestion or inhalation where nanoplastics can pass readily through the epithelial layer. Directly beneath gut and lung epithelia is the endothelial layer of capillaries. Very little is known about the interactions between polyethylene and human cells, with no information currently available on its effects with the endothelial layer. Our previous research showed that …
Amphiphilic Cell-Penetrating Peptides Containing Arginine And Hydrophobic Residues As Protein Delivery Agents,
2023
Chapman University
Amphiphilic Cell-Penetrating Peptides Containing Arginine And Hydrophobic Residues As Protein Delivery Agents, Jonathan Moreno, Khalid Zoghebi, David Salehi, Lois Kim, Sorour Khayyatnejad Shoushtari, Rakesh K. Tiwari, Keykavous Parang
Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research
The entry of proteins through the cell membrane is challenging, thus limiting their use as potential therapeutics. Seven cell-penetrating peptides, designed in our laboratory, were evaluated for the delivery of proteins. Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis was utilized for the synthesis of seven cyclic or hybrid cyclic–linear amphiphilic peptides composed of hydrophobic (tryptophan (W) or 3,3-diphenylalanine (Dip) and positively-charged arginine (R) residues, such as [WR]4, [WR]9, [WWRR]4, [WWRR]5, [(RW)5K](RW)5, [R5K]W7, and [DipR]5. Confocal microscopy was used to screen the peptides as a protein delivery system of model cargo proteins, green and red fluorescein proteins (GFP and RFP). Based on the confocal …
Epidermal Threads Reveal The Origin Of Hagfish Slime,
2023
Chapman University
Epidermal Threads Reveal The Origin Of Hagfish Slime, Yu Zeng, David C. Plachetzki, Kristen Nieders, Hannah Campbell, Marissa Cartee, M. Sabrina Pankey, Kennedy Guillen, Douglas Fudge
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
When attacked, hagfishes produce a soft, fibrous defensive slime within a fraction of a second by ejecting mucus and threads into seawater. The rapid setup and remarkable expansion of the slime make it a highly effective and unique form of defense. How this biomaterial evolved is unknown, although circumstantial evidence points to the epidermis as the origin of the thread- and mucus-producing cells in the slime glands. Here, we describe large intracellular threads within a putatively homologous cell type from hagfish epidermis. These epidermal threads averaged ~2 mm in length and ~0.5 μm in diameter. The entire hagfish body is …
Anterior And Posterior Tongue Regions And Taste Papillae: Distinct Roles And Regulatory Mechanisms With An Emphasis On Hedgehog Signaling And Antagonism.,
2023
Rowan University
Anterior And Posterior Tongue Regions And Taste Papillae: Distinct Roles And Regulatory Mechanisms With An Emphasis On Hedgehog Signaling And Antagonism., Archana Kumari, Charlotte M. Mistretta
Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Faculty Scholarship
Sensory receptors across the entire tongue are engaged during eating. However, the tongue has distinctive regions with taste (fungiform and circumvallate) and non-taste (filiform) organs that are composed of specialized epithelia, connective tissues, and innervation. The tissue regions and papillae are adapted in form and function for taste and somatosensation associated with eating. It follows that homeostasis and regeneration of distinctive papillae and taste buds with particular functional roles require tailored molecular pathways. Nonetheless, in the chemosensory field, generalizations are often made between mechanisms that regulate anterior tongue fungiform and posterior circumvallate taste papillae, without a clear distinction that highlights …
Small Gtpase Regulated Intracellular Protein Trafficking In Endothelium,
2023
University of Denver
Small Gtpase Regulated Intracellular Protein Trafficking In Endothelium, Caitlin Francis
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Intracellular protein trafficking is the movement of membrane-bound organelles to and from requisite locations within the cell. Small GTPases are a critical component to the spatiotemporal accuracy of intracellular trafficking pathways as they determine the specificity and direction of organelle transport. There exists over 150 small GTPases categorized into 5 sub-families and are employed across all cell types. Despite their universal expression and relevance to cellular function, small GTPases remain incompletely understood across tissue types. In various instances, the trafficking pathway of a particular Rab in one cell type may belong to a completely disparate pathway in another cell type. …
Investigating Respiratory Simplification Caused By Prenatal Rage Upregulation,
2023
Brigham Young University
Investigating Respiratory Simplification Caused By Prenatal Rage Upregulation, Paul Reynolds
Annual Research Symposium
No abstract provided.
Potential Role For Rage In The Development Of Secondhand Smoke-Induced Chronic Sinusitis,
2023
Brigham Young University
Potential Role For Rage In The Development Of Secondhand Smoke-Induced Chronic Sinusitis, Paul Reynolds
Annual Research Symposium
No abstract provided.
Rage Inhibition Reduces Timp And Decreases Cell Invasion In Cigarette Smoke Extract (Cse) Treated Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells,
2023
Brigham Young University
Rage Inhibition Reduces Timp And Decreases Cell Invasion In Cigarette Smoke Extract (Cse) Treated Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells, Paul Reynolds
Annual Research Symposium
No abstract provided.
Inflammatory Cytokine Elaboration Following Secondhand Smoke Exposure Is Mediated In Part By Rage Signaling,
2023
Brigham Young University
Inflammatory Cytokine Elaboration Following Secondhand Smoke Exposure Is Mediated In Part By Rage Signaling, Paul Reynolds
Annual Research Symposium
No abstract provided.
Rage Availability Lessens The Degree Of Dysfunctional Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Following Chronic Secondhand Smoke Exposure,
2023
Brigham Young University
Rage Availability Lessens The Degree Of Dysfunctional Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Following Chronic Secondhand Smoke Exposure, Paul Reynolds
Annual Research Symposium
No abstract provided.
Gestational Dependent Responses To Second Hand Smoke (Shs) In Mouse Pregnancies,
2023
Brigham Young University
Gestational Dependent Responses To Second Hand Smoke (Shs) In Mouse Pregnancies, Paul Reynolds
Annual Research Symposium
No abstract provided.
Comparison Of Dna Extraction Methods For Soft Tissue Samples,
2023
, Noorda College of Osteopathic Medicine
Comparison Of Dna Extraction Methods For Soft Tissue Samples, Steve Guzman, Nathaniel E. Hill, Mujtaba Shah, Jonathon Reynolds, Cole Farnsworth, Molly Henley, Alfred Amendolara, Laura Minor, John Dougherty Jr., John A. Kriak, Kyle B. Bills, David W. Sant
Annual Research Symposium
No abstract provided.
Vitamin C Contributes To Epigenetic Regulation Of Genes Related To Diabetic Retinopathy In Retinal Endothelial Cells,
2023
Noorda College of Osteopathic Medicine
Vitamin C Contributes To Epigenetic Regulation Of Genes Related To Diabetic Retinopathy In Retinal Endothelial Cells, Elizabeth L. Turner, Jonathon Reynolds, Walker Kay, Marianne Becnel, Matthew Conway, Alexander Kim, John A. Kriak, Kyle B. Bills, David W. Sant
Annual Research Symposium
No abstract provided.
Effects Of B4galnt1 Expression On Metastatic Phenotype And Response To Treatment In Osteosarcoma Cell Lines,
2023
Roseman University of Health Sciences
Effects Of B4galnt1 Expression On Metastatic Phenotype And Response To Treatment In Osteosarcoma Cell Lines, Fatemeh Zareihajiabadi
Annual Research Symposium
No abstract provided.
Directed Carbapenemase Testing Is No Longer Just For Enterobacterales: Cost, Labor, And Workflow Assessment Of Expanding Carbapenemase Testing To Carbapenem-Resistant P. Aeruginosa, Fred C. Tenover, Christian M. Gill, Poonam Rajkotia, Amity L. Roberts, David P. Nicolau
Biology Faculty Publications
Molecular carbapenem-resistance testing, such as for the presence of carbapenemases genes, is commonly implemented for the detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales. Carbapenemase-producing P. aeruginosa is also associated with significant morbidity and mortality, although; prevalence may be underappreciated in the United States due to a lack of carbapenemase testing. The present study sought to compare hands-on time, cost and workflow implementation of carbapenemase gene testing in Enterobacterales and P. aeruginosa isolates versus sending out isolates to a public health laboratory (PHL) for testing to assess if in-house can provide actionable results. The time to carbapenemase gene results were compared. Differences in cost …
Methylene Blue Inhibits Cromakalim-Activated K+ Currents In Follicle-Enclosed Oocytes,
2023
Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology
Methylene Blue Inhibits Cromakalim-Activated K+ Currents In Follicle-Enclosed Oocytes, Dmytro Isaev, Keun-Hang Susan Yang, Georg Petroianu, Dietrich Ernst Lorke, Murat Oz
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
The effects of methylene blue (MB) on cromakalim-induced K+ currents were investigated in follicle-enclosed Xenopus oocytes. In concentrations ranging from 3–300 μM, MB inhibited K+ currents (IC50: 22.4 μM) activated by cromakalim, which activates KATP channels. MB inhibited cromakalim-activated K+ currents in a noncompetitive and voltage-independent manner. The respective EC50 and slope values for cromakalim-activation of K+ currents were 194 ± 21 µM and 0.91 for controls, and 206 ± 24 µM and 0.87 in the presence of 30 μM MB. The inhibition of cromakalim-induced K+ currents by MB was not …
Comparison Of In-Vitro 3d Human Embryoids With Current Models For Gastrulation,
2023
Washington University in St. Louis
Comparison Of In-Vitro 3d Human Embryoids With Current Models For Gastrulation, Jin Park
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Gastrulation is an early morphogenetic process that is conserved across most metazoans and lays out the future body plan through the formation and shaping of the three germ layers: endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. Despite its importance, not much is known about the events surrounding human gastrulation that occurs in utero due to ethical and technical limitations on studying human embryos. Therefore, many researchers have devised protocols for creating in vitro models of gastrulation using embryonic stem cells. Initially starting with mouse embryonic stem cells, the field of in vitro embryo models has advanced rapidly, with protocols using human embryonic stem …
Investigating Smooth Muscle Myosin Dynamics And Assembly In Physiology And Pathology,
2023
Loyola University Chicago
Investigating Smooth Muscle Myosin Dynamics And Assembly In Physiology And Pathology, Maggie Bennett
Dissertations
Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) surround many blood vessels throughout the body,where they dynamically alter vessel diameter to regulate blood pressure, provide structural integrity, and absorb shock on a beat-to-beat timescale. As smooth muscle function fails, profound vascular disease ensues, often with tragic results- even death. Smooth muscle myosin 2 (SM2) is the dominant motor protein that actuates contractility and allows SMCs to perform these vital functions. To function, SM2 monomers dynamically assemble into filaments, which upon SMC activation, associate with filamentous actin to drive contractility. Despite the critical contribution of SM2 to SMC function, foundational aspects of SM2 assembly …
How To Build A Cortex: Coordinated Assembly Of Cortical Septins And Actomyosin In The Leader Bleb,
2023
Loyola University Chicago
How To Build A Cortex: Coordinated Assembly Of Cortical Septins And Actomyosin In The Leader Bleb, Asia Marie Paguntalan
Master's Theses
In confined spaces, migrating cells can undergo mesenchymal-to-amoeboid transitions by altering their cortical dynamics and adhesion with the environment. Septins frequently associate with cortical actin and non-muscle myosin (NMII), but the functional nature of these interactions remains unclear. Upon non-adhesive confinement and NMII enrichment, fibroblasts can switch to a fast, leader bleb-based mode of motility, characterized by the absence of adhesions and stress fibers and formation of a single, elongated leader bleb. During this transition, cortical actin remodeling and polarized NMII contractility drive leader bleb stabilization by generating long-range cortical flows, in coordination with changes in septin localization and assembly …
