Epidermal Threads Reveal The Origin Of Hagfish Slime,
2023
Chapman University
Epidermal Threads Reveal The Origin Of Hagfish Slime, Yu Zeng, David C. Plachetzki, Kristen Nieders, Hannah Campbell, Marissa Cartee, M. Sabrina Pankey, Kennedy Guillen, Douglas Fudge
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
When attacked, hagfishes produce a soft, fibrous defensive slime within a fraction of a second by ejecting mucus and threads into seawater. The rapid setup and remarkable expansion of the slime make it a highly effective and unique form of defense. How this biomaterial evolved is unknown, although circumstantial evidence points to the epidermis as the origin of the thread- and mucus-producing cells in the slime glands. Here, we describe large intracellular threads within a putatively homologous cell type from hagfish epidermis. These epidermal threads averaged ~2 mm in length and ~0.5 μm in diameter. The entire hagfish body is …
Characterization Of Tick And Host-Associated Factors Linked To Induction Of Alpha-Gal Syndrome.,
2023
University of Southern Mississippi
Characterization Of Tick And Host-Associated Factors Linked To Induction Of Alpha-Gal Syndrome., Surendra Raj Sharma, Surendra Raj Sharma
Dissertations
Alpha-Gal Syndrome (AGS) is a delayed allergic reaction caused by specific IgE antibodies to the oligosaccharide galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-gal) present in red meat. AGS is a growing concern globally, with over 34,000 confirmed cases in the United States alone. Studies have linked AGS to tick bites, which sensitizes hosts against α-gal antigens and elevates α-gal specific IgE. This dissertation investigates the role of tick and host-associated factors in AGS development. Microbiome analysis of Am. americanum ticks revealed a comprehensive core microbiome profile and showed that new Fransiella-like endosymbionts dominate and outcompete conventional tick Coxiella endosymbionts. Ticks subjected to tetracycline treatment showed …
The Molecular And Cellular Response To Acat1/Soat1 Inhibition,
2023
Dartmouth College
The Molecular And Cellular Response To Acat1/Soat1 Inhibition, Taylor C. Harned
Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations
Cholesterol is an important component of all mammalian cell membranes. It governs the membrane’s physical properties and creates the membrane order and heterogeneity required for complex membrane-related processes. Tight regulation of cholesterol levels and distribution are necessary for maintaining proper cell health. Likewise, disruptions in cholesterol homeostasis have been implicated in a variety of diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Our lab, and others, have demonstrated the benefits of blocking acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase1/sterol O:acyltransferase 1 (ACAT1/SOAT1) in AD models by genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition. We understand that blocking ACAT1/SOAT1 activity reduces amyloid and tau pathology, and that this is, at least …
Anterior And Posterior Tongue Regions And Taste Papillae: Distinct Roles And Regulatory Mechanisms With An Emphasis On Hedgehog Signaling And Antagonism.,
2023
Rowan University
Anterior And Posterior Tongue Regions And Taste Papillae: Distinct Roles And Regulatory Mechanisms With An Emphasis On Hedgehog Signaling And Antagonism., Archana Kumari, Charlotte M. Mistretta
Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research
Sensory receptors across the entire tongue are engaged during eating. However, the tongue has distinctive regions with taste (fungiform and circumvallate) and non-taste (filiform) organs that are composed of specialized epithelia, connective tissues, and innervation. The tissue regions and papillae are adapted in form and function for taste and somatosensation associated with eating. It follows that homeostasis and regeneration of distinctive papillae and taste buds with particular functional roles require tailored molecular pathways. Nonetheless, in the chemosensory field, generalizations are often made between mechanisms that regulate anterior tongue fungiform and posterior circumvallate taste papillae, without a clear distinction that highlights …
Small Gtpase Regulated Intracellular Protein Trafficking In Endothelium,
2023
University of Denver
Small Gtpase Regulated Intracellular Protein Trafficking In Endothelium, Caitlin Francis
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Intracellular protein trafficking is the movement of membrane-bound organelles to and from requisite locations within the cell. Small GTPases are a critical component to the spatiotemporal accuracy of intracellular trafficking pathways as they determine the specificity and direction of organelle transport. There exists over 150 small GTPases categorized into 5 sub-families and are employed across all cell types. Despite their universal expression and relevance to cellular function, small GTPases remain incompletely understood across tissue types. In various instances, the trafficking pathway of a particular Rab in one cell type may belong to a completely disparate pathway in another cell type. …
Impact Of The Dimethyl Sulfoxide Reductase Superfamily On The Evolution Of Biogeochemical Cycles,
2023
Colorado State University - Fort Collins
Impact Of The Dimethyl Sulfoxide Reductase Superfamily On The Evolution Of Biogeochemical Cycles, Michael Wells, Minjae Kim, Denise M. Akob, Partha Basu, John F. Stolz
UK CARES Faculty Publications
The dimethyl sulfoxide reductase (or MopB) family is a diverse assemblage of enzymes found throughout Bacteria and Archaea. Many of these enzymes are believed to have been present in the last universal common ancestor (LUCA) of all cellular lineages. However, gaps in knowledge remain about how MopB enzymes evolved and how this diversification of functions impacted global biogeochemical cycles through geologic time. In this study, we perform maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses on manually curated comparative genomic and metagenomic data sets containing over 47,000 distinct MopB homologs. We demonstrate that these enzymes constitute a catalytically and mechanistically diverse superfamily defined not …
Loss Of Peroxiredoxin Iv Protects Mice From Azoxymethane/Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colorectal Cancer Development,
2023
University of Kentucky
Loss Of Peroxiredoxin Iv Protects Mice From Azoxymethane/Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colorectal Cancer Development, Pratik Thapa, Hong Jiang, Na Ding, Yanning Hao, Aziza Alshahrani, Eun Young Lee, Junichi Fujii, Qiou Wei
Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications
Peroxiredoxin IV (Prx4), a typical two-cysteine-containing member of the peroxidase family, functions as an antioxidant to maintain cellular redox homeostasis through the reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via cycles of oxidation–reduction reactions. Under oxidative stress, all Prxs including Prx4 are inactivated as their catalytic cysteines undergo hyperoxidation, and hyperoxidized two-cysteine Prxs can be exclusively repaired and revitalized through the reduction cycle catalyzed by sulfiredoxin (Srx). Previously, we showed that Prx4 is a preferred substrate of Srx, and knockout of Srx in mice leads to resistance to azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS)-induced colon carcinogenesis. To further understand the significance of the …
A Trial Of Fire And Ice: Assessment Of Control Techniques For Pyrus Calleryana Invasion Of Grasslands In Southwestern Ohio, Usa,
2023
University of Dayton
A Trial Of Fire And Ice: Assessment Of Control Techniques For Pyrus Calleryana Invasion Of Grasslands In Southwestern Ohio, Usa, Margaret E. Maloney, Eric B. Borth, Grace Dietsch, Mary C. Lloyd, Ryan W. Mcewan
Biology Faculty Publications
Pyrus calleryana (Callery pear) is an invasive plant that threatens ecosystems in the eastern United States. We investigated the efficacy of various control techniques on P. calleryana invasion in grasslands. Treatments were applied to (a) P. calleryana stems that had experienced mowing annually for several years and were sprouting (n = 100 stems; “trees-sprouting”) and (b) stems that had established ca. 10 years earlier, had never been cut, and were single-stemmed trees (n = 40 stems; “trees-intact”). In both experiments, existing stems were cut and randomly assigned one of the following treatments: cut only (control), burning, freezing, or herbicide, and …
Abstract 1858: Active And Allosteric Site Evolution Directs Ordered Water Use In Kinesin Catalysis,
2023
LSU Health Sciences Center - New Orleans
Abstract 1858: Active And Allosteric Site Evolution Directs Ordered Water Use In Kinesin Catalysis, Micquel Downs, David Worthylake, Jessica Richard, Courtney Parke, Elizabeth Kim, Edward J. Wojcik, Sunyoung Kim
School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications
2023 American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB) Annual Meeting; March 25 - 28, 2023; Seattle, WA
Investigating Respiratory Simplification Caused By Prenatal Rage Upregulation,
2023
Brigham Young University
Investigating Respiratory Simplification Caused By Prenatal Rage Upregulation, Paul Reynolds
Annual Research Symposium
No abstract provided.
Potential Role For Rage In The Development Of Secondhand Smoke-Induced Chronic Sinusitis,
2023
Brigham Young University
Potential Role For Rage In The Development Of Secondhand Smoke-Induced Chronic Sinusitis, Paul Reynolds
Annual Research Symposium
No abstract provided.
Rage Inhibition Reduces Timp And Decreases Cell Invasion In Cigarette Smoke Extract (Cse) Treated Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells,
2023
Brigham Young University
Rage Inhibition Reduces Timp And Decreases Cell Invasion In Cigarette Smoke Extract (Cse) Treated Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells, Paul Reynolds
Annual Research Symposium
No abstract provided.
Inflammatory Cytokine Elaboration Following Secondhand Smoke Exposure Is Mediated In Part By Rage Signaling,
2023
Brigham Young University
Inflammatory Cytokine Elaboration Following Secondhand Smoke Exposure Is Mediated In Part By Rage Signaling, Paul Reynolds
Annual Research Symposium
No abstract provided.
Rage Availability Lessens The Degree Of Dysfunctional Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Following Chronic Secondhand Smoke Exposure,
2023
Brigham Young University
Rage Availability Lessens The Degree Of Dysfunctional Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Following Chronic Secondhand Smoke Exposure, Paul Reynolds
Annual Research Symposium
No abstract provided.
Gestational Dependent Responses To Second Hand Smoke (Shs) In Mouse Pregnancies,
2023
Brigham Young University
Gestational Dependent Responses To Second Hand Smoke (Shs) In Mouse Pregnancies, Paul Reynolds
Annual Research Symposium
No abstract provided.
Comparison Of Dna Extraction Methods For Soft Tissue Samples,
2023
, Noorda College of Osteopathic Medicine
Comparison Of Dna Extraction Methods For Soft Tissue Samples, Steve Guzman, Nathaniel E. Hill, Mujtaba Shah, Jonathon Reynolds, Cole Farnsworth, Molly Henley, Alfred Amendolara, Laura Minor, John Dougherty Jr., John A. Kriak, Kyle B. Bills, David W. Sant
Annual Research Symposium
No abstract provided.
Vitamin C Contributes To Epigenetic Regulation Of Genes Related To Diabetic Retinopathy In Retinal Endothelial Cells,
2023
Noorda College of Osteopathic Medicine
Vitamin C Contributes To Epigenetic Regulation Of Genes Related To Diabetic Retinopathy In Retinal Endothelial Cells, Elizabeth L. Turner, Jonathon Reynolds, Walker Kay, Marianne Becnel, Matthew Conway, Alexander Kim, John A. Kriak, Kyle B. Bills, David W. Sant
Annual Research Symposium
No abstract provided.
Effects Of B4galnt1 Expression On Metastatic Phenotype And Response To Treatment In Osteosarcoma Cell Lines,
2023
Roseman University of Health Sciences
Effects Of B4galnt1 Expression On Metastatic Phenotype And Response To Treatment In Osteosarcoma Cell Lines, Fatemeh Zareihajiabadi
Annual Research Symposium
No abstract provided.
Directed Carbapenemase Testing Is No Longer Just For Enterobacterales: Cost, Labor, And Workflow Assessment Of Expanding Carbapenemase Testing To Carbapenem-Resistant P. Aeruginosa, Fred C. Tenover, Christian M. Gill, Poonam Rajkotia, Amity L. Roberts, David P. Nicolau
Biology Faculty Publications
Molecular carbapenem-resistance testing, such as for the presence of carbapenemases genes, is commonly implemented for the detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales. Carbapenemase-producing P. aeruginosa is also associated with significant morbidity and mortality, although; prevalence may be underappreciated in the United States due to a lack of carbapenemase testing. The present study sought to compare hands-on time, cost and workflow implementation of carbapenemase gene testing in Enterobacterales and P. aeruginosa isolates versus sending out isolates to a public health laboratory (PHL) for testing to assess if in-house can provide actionable results. The time to carbapenemase gene results were compared. Differences in cost …
Critical Role Of The Sulfiredoxin-Peroxiredoxin Iv Axis In Urethane-Induced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer,
2023
University of Kentucky
Critical Role Of The Sulfiredoxin-Peroxiredoxin Iv Axis In Urethane-Induced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Yanning Hao, Hong Jiang, Pratik Thapa, Na Ding, Aziza Alshahrani, Junichi Fujii, Michel B. Toledano, Qiou Wei
Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most common type of lung cancer, etiologically associates with tobacco smoking which mechanistically contributes to oxidative stress to facilitate the occurrence of mutations, oncogenic transformation and aberrantly activated signaling pathways. Our previous reports suggested an essential role of Sulfiredoxin (Srx) in promoting the development of lung cancer in humans, and was causally related to Peroxiredoxin IV (Prx4), the major downstream substrate and mediator of Srx-enhanced signaling. To further explore the role of the Srx-Prx4 axis in de novo lung tumorigenesis, we established Prx4−/− and Srx−/−/Prx4−/− mice in pure FVB/N background. Together with wild-type litter …
