Animal Sciences Commons^™

Statistics Used In The Nebraska Beef Report And Their Purpose

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The purpose of beef cattle and beef product research at UNL is to provide reference information that represents the various populations (cows, calves, heifers, feeders, carcasses, retail products, etc.) of beef production. Obviously, researchers cannot apply treatments to every member of a population; therefore, they must sample the population. The use of statistics allows researchers and readers of the Nebraska Beef Report the opportunity to evaluate separation of random (chance) occurrences and real biological effects of a treatment. Following is a brief description of the major statistics used in the beef report. For a more detailed description of the expectations …

Supplementing Ddgs To Steers Grazing Smooth Bromegrass Pastures, Andrea K. Watson, William A. Griffin, Terry Klopfenstein Klopfenstein, Galen Erickson, Kelly R. Brink, Walter H. Schacht

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Five years of data were summarized to evaluate cattle and pasture performance when smooth bromegrass pastures were fertilized or cattle were supplemented daily with dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) on nonfertilized pastures. Cattle were supplemented at 0.6% of BW for an average of 158 days. Supplemented cattle gained 0.59 lb/day more than unsupplemented cattle. As forage quality declined over the grazing season, ADG also declined but the cattle’s response to DDGS supplementation increased. Each 1 lb of DDGS supplement replaced approximately 1 lb of forage intake. Pastures with supplemented cattle had increased forage production compared to control pastures but …

Lakes As Buffers Of Stream Dissolved Organic Matter (Dom) Variability: Temporal Patterns Of Dom Characteristics In Mountain Stream-Lake Systems, K. J. Goodman, Michelle A. Baker, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Lakes within fluvial networks may affect dissolved organic matter (DOM) dynamics in streams by dampening spring DOM snowmelt flushing responses and/or by increasing summer DOM production. We assessed the temporal variability of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration and DOM characteristics (specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA254); DOC:dissolved organic nitrogen (DOC:DON)), as well as DOC export in seven paired lake inflows and outflows in the Sawtooth Mountain lake district, Idaho. We hypothesized that lakes would decrease stream DOM temporal variability and increase DOM export as a result of autotrophic production. We correlated DOM variability with landscape factors to evaluate potential drivers of DOM …

Use Of Dry-Rolled Corn, Dry Or Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles As An Energy Source In High Forage Diets For Growing Cattle, Nerissa A. Ahern, Brandon L. Nuttelman, Crystal D. Buckner Buckner, Terry Klopfenstein, Galen Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

One hundred twenty crossbred steers were used to determine the energy value of distillers grains relative to corn in high-forage diets. Diets included dry distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS), wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) or dry-rolled corn (DRC), with sorghum silage, grass hay, and supplement. Each block of steers, by design, had similar dry matter intake (DMI) and average daily gain (ADG) across treatments. In this study, WDGS and DDGS contained 120% and 114%, respectively, the energy of DRC when fed in forage-based diets.

2011 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report [Complete]

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

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Cow/Calf

Winter Grazing System and Supplementation of Beef Cows During Late Gestation Influence Heifer Progeny

Influencing Steer Performance Through Maternal Nutrition

Integration of DNA Marker Information into Breeding Value Predictions

Granulosa Cell Gene Expression is Altered in Follicles from Cows with Differing Reproductive Longevity

Growing

Performance of Growing Cattle Fed Corn Silage or Grazing Corn Residue from Second Generation Insect-protected (MON 89034), Parental, or Reference Corn Hybrids

Nutrient Composition of Spoiled Wet Byproducts Mixed and Stored with Straw

Use of Dry Rolled Corn, Dry or Wet distillers Grains Plus Solubles as an Energy Source in High Forage Diets for …

Meta-Analysis Of Feeding Calf-Feds Or Yearlings Wet Distillers Grains With Different Corn Processing Types, Virgil R. Bremer, Kathryn J. Hanford, Galen Erickson Erickson, Terry Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Meta-analyses of University of Nebraska–Lincoln feedlot research feeding wet corn distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) with dry-rolled corn (DRC) and high moisture corn (HMC) to either calf-feds or yearlings was conducted to calculate the feeding values of WDGS relative to corn. The feeding valueof wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) was superior to dry-rolled corn (DRC) and high moisture corn (HMC). The feeding value of WDGS was greater for yearlings than for calf-feds. The combination of WDGS and HMC provided cattle performance superior to DRC with or without WDGS.

Economics For Feeding Distillers Grains To Finishing Cattle, Crystal D. Buckner, Terry Klopfenstein, Galen Erickson Erickson, Virgil R. Bremer, Darrell Mark

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Cattle CODE, an economic budget model for predicting feeding returns for distillers grains, was updated and four new economic scenarios were evaluated. Feeding WDGS resulted in larger economic returns compared to MDGS and DDGS when the hauling distance from the ethanol plant to the feedlot was less than 60 miles and the dietary inclusion was up to 40% DM. However, these economic returns were dependent on the price paid for the products. If MDGS and DDGS were priced based on their drying costs, then economic returns decreased compared to WDGS.

Feeding Strategies Of Optaflexx On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Feedlot Steers, Marco G. Dib, William A. Griffin, Joshua R. Benton Benton, Galen Erickson, Terry Klopfenstein, Justin J. Sindt, W. Travis Choat

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Live BW and carcass traits of steer calves were evaluated after feeding Optaflexx (200mg/day) for 35 days on an intermittent basis or continuously. The negative control consisted of 63 days on the same diet without Optaflexx, whereas the positive control consisted of Optaflexx supplemented daily during the last 35 days prior to harvest. The four-day intermittent treatment consisted of feeding Optaflexx for seven days, followed by four days of no Optaflexx, while the seven-day intermittent treatment consisted of seven days on Optaflexx, followed by seven days off. In both the four-day and seven-day intermittent treatments, cattle received Optaflexx for a …

Effects Of Feeding A Combination Of Modified Distillers Grains Plus Solubles And Wet Corn Gluten Feed To Adapt Cattle To Finishing Diets, Marco G. Dib, Kelsey Rolfe, Jhones O. Sarturi Sarturi, Galen Erickson, Terry Klopfenstein, Ron Lindquist

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Two 39-day metabolism trials were conducted using a combination of modified distillers grains and wet corn gluten feed (Synergy, ADM) to adapt beef cattle to finishing diets (SYNERGY). During adaptation, DMI expressed as % of BW tended to be greater for steers on traditional grain adaptation with forage (CON) compared to SYNERGY during the first period (steps 1), but was not different in subsequent adaptation diets (steps 2, 3, and 4). Average ruminal pH was lower for SYNERGY on steps 1 and 2 compared to CON in Experiment 1 with no difference observed in Experiment 2. No difference in ruminal …

Winter Grazing System And Supplementation Of Beef Cows During Late Gestation Influence Heifer Progeny, Richard N. Funston, Jeremy L. Martin, Adam F. Summers, Don Adams, Jacqueline Musgrave, T. L. Meyer, Daniel M. Larson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Effects of cow winter grazing system and supplementation on heifer progeny were evaluated. Cows grazed range (WR) or corn residue (CR) with (PS) or without (NS) supplement. Both PS and CR increased weaning weight. Heifersfrom WR-NS dams weighed less at breeding and pregnancy diagnosis than WR-PS. Heifers from PS dams were younger at puberty, and pregnancy rate tended to be greater. Heifers from CR-PS dams gained the least and were least efficient. First-calf production and rebreeding were similar. There appear to be fetal programming effects of dam winter grazing system and supplementation on heifer progeny.

Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Steers Fed Low-Fat And Normal-Fat Wet Distillers Grains, Jennifer A. Gigax, Brandon L. Nuttelman, William A. Griffin Griffin, Galen Erickson, Terry Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) varying in fat content (6.7 vs. 12.9 %) were fed at 35% of the diet DM to compare fat level from WDGS on cattle performance and carcass characteristics. Final BW, hot carcass weight, and ADG were increased for steers fed 12.9% fat WDGS compared to steers fed corn or 6.7% fat WDGS. Steers fed 6.7% fat WDGS or corn control diets had identical DMI, ADG, and F:G.

Effect Of Stocking Rate On Animal Performance And Diet Quality While Grazing Cornstalks, Jennifer A. Gigax, Crystal D. Buckner, L. Aaron Stalker Stalker, Terry Klopfenstein, Simon J. Van Donk

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Four treatments were used to evaluate levels of corn residue removal on nutrient quality and cattle performance over time. Treatments included no removal of residue, stocking rates of one or two animal unit months/acre (AUM/acre), or baling. Residue samples were taken before and after grazing from all treatment paddocks to determine residue amounts, and were analyzed for OM, CP, NDF, and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD). Cattle weights and BCS scores were recorded prior to and at the conclusion of the trial. Cattle consumed husk and leaf material first, followed by cobs at a lesser rate. Husk and leaf …

Low-Fat Wet Distillers Grains And Beef Quality, Asia L. Haack, Amilton S. De Mello Jr., Siroj Pokharel Pokharel, Lasika Senaratne, Jerilyn Hergenreder, Kim Varnold, Chris Calkins, Galen Erickson, Timothy Carr, D. Dwain Johnson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A low-fat (4.72%) wet distillers grain (LFWDG) diet was compared to a traditional wet distillers grain with solubles (WDGS) diet and a corn-based diet. All wet distillers diets increased polyunsaturated fatty acids in comparison to the control. The LFWDG diet caused greater oxidative rancidity and had a decreased shelf life; however, there was no change in sensory properties. The LFWDG diet evaluated in this study caused decreased oxidative stability of the muscle compared to the TWDGS and the control diets.

Effects Of A Dietary Antioxidant On Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Feedlot Cattle With Or Without Wdgs, Justin P. Moore, Stephanie A. Furman, Galen Erickson Erickson, Karla H. Jenkins, Judson Vasconcelos, Martin A. Andersen, Casey N. Macken

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Effect of a dietary antioxidant in dietswith or without wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) was evaluated for performance and carcass characteristics. The 2 x 2 factorial design consisted of 1) an antioxidant at 0 or 150 ppm (Agrado Plus) and 2) WDGS at 0 or 30%, which replaced dry-rolled corn. Feeding the antioxidant did not affect performance (P > 0.31) or carcass characteristics (P > 0.25). Feeding WDGS increased (P < 0.01) final body weight (BW), dry matter intake (DMI), and average daily gain (ADG) while decreasing the feed to gain (F:G) ratio (P < 0.01). Carcass characteristics were affected (P < 0.01) by feeding WDGS, which increased HCW and fatness.

Effects Of Glycerin In Steam Flaked Corn Feedlot Diets, Justin P. Moore, Stephanie A. Furman, Galen Erickson Erickson, Judson Vasconcelos, William A. Griffin, Todd Milton

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Glycerin was fed at 0%, 3%, 6%, and 9% (DM basis) in a steam-flaked, corn-based (SFC) diet to determine the effects on performance and carcass characteristics. Glycerin linearly increased (P = 0.02) final BW, ADG linearly increased (P = 0.02), and F:G linearly decreased (P < 0.01) by 7.1%. The data suggests glycerin can be added up to 9% inclusion to improve performance.

Effect Of Corn Hybrid On Amount Of Residue Available For Grazing, Jacqueline A. Musgrave, Jennifer A. Gigax, L. Aaron Stalker Stalker, Terry Klopfenstein, Matt Stockton, Karla H. Jenkins

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Twelve corn hybrids were evaluated to determine differences in corn grain yield and crop residue DM. Hybrids did not differ in corn grain yield but differed in amount of stems, leaves, husks, and cobs. Differences also existed in the ratio of corn grain to total residue production and corn grain to leaf and husk, indicating potential differences in plant efficiency independent of the amount of grain produced.

Effects Of Lactobacillus Acidophilus And Yucca Schidigera On Finishing Performance And Carcass Traits Of Feedlot Cattle, Cody A. Nichols, Karla H. Jenkins, Judson Vasconcelos Vasconcelos, Galen Erickson, Stephanie A. Furman, Richard S. Goodall, Terry Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A finishing trial evaluated effects of feeding a direct-fed microbial product(Nova-Cell®) and a saponin feed additive (Ruma Just®) as a 2x2 factorial in steam-flaked corn-based diets containing 11% wet distillers grains (DM basis). No interaction was observed between Nova-Cell and Ruma Just (P > 0.13). Feeding either Ruma Just or Nova-Cell had no impact (P = 0.20) on final BW, DMI, ADG, or F:G. Neither Nova-Cell or Ruma Just affected (P = 0.10) HCW, 12^th rib fat, or LM Area. Marbling appeared to be improved (P = 0.03) when Ruma Just was added to the finishing diet.

The Effect Of Drying Distillers Grains On Nutrient Metabolism, Brandon L. Nuttelman, Kelsey M. Rolfe, Galen Erickson Erickson, Terry Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Ruminally cannulated steers were used in a 4 x 6 unbalanced Latin square. Treatments consisted of a corn-based control (CON), wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS), modified distillers grains plus solubles (MDGS), or dry distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) included at 40% of the diet DM. There were no differences (P > 0.73) observed for DMI, or for DM, OM, or fat digestibility. Steers fed diets containing distillers grains had greater NDF intake compared to CON (P < 0.01). There were no differences in NDF digestibility between WDGS, MDGS, and DDGS (P > 0.37); however, CON diets had lower (P < 0.06) NDF digestibility than WDGS and DDGS. Average ruminal pH tended (P = 0.14) to be impacted by dietary treatment with steers fed DDGS having a greater pH than steers fed CON, MDGS, and WDGS, which were not different from one another.

Comparing Different Drying Methods For Distillers Grains And Its Effects On Feedlot Cattle Performance, Brandon L. Nuttelman, William A. Griffin, Galen Erickson Erickson, Terry Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of drying distillers grains plus solubles on cattle performance. The control diet contained no distillers grains. The six additional diets contained 35% distillers grains that were 1) wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS), 2) dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS), 3) dried distillers grains plus wet solubles at time of feeding (DDG + Solubles), 4) dried distillers grains plus solubles plus water (DDGS + H₂O), 5) modified distillers grains with solubles added prior to drier (MDGSPre), and 6) modified distillers grains with solubles added after the drier (MDGSPost). Cattle fed …

Effect Of Feeding More Than 70% Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles On Feedlot Cattle Performance, Amy R. Rich, Galen Erickson, Terry Klopfenstein Klopfenstein, Matt K. Luebbe, Joshua R. Benton, William A. Griffin, Darrell Mark

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A finishing trial evaluated effects of feeding greater than 70% wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) on feedlot cattle performance. The WDGS was fed at 40, 70, 77, and 85% of diet dry matter (DM), while roughage levels ranged from 5 to 25% across treatments. Larger ADG and G:F were observed with 40% WDGS and 5% roughage. Higher levels of WDGS were successfully fed with levels of roughage above 8% but the diets were less profitable than the 40% WDGS diet.