Fluid Dynamics Commons^™

Synthesizing Viscoelasticity: Living Polymers, Micro-Macro Relations, And Paths For Resolution, Adam M. Hasler

Graduate Masters Theses

This thesis investigates the relationship between macroscopic rheological signals and underlying microscopic dynamics in complex fluids, specifically focusing on ”living polymers” within the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium salicylate (NaSal) surfactant system. The research addresses the inverse parameterization problem, demonstrating how bulk measurements like zero-shear viscosity can mask fundamentally different physical topologies, such as purely cylindrical, reptating micelles versus highly branched networks. Through the successful synthesis of viscoelastically ”degenerate” samples, the study utilizes an array of characterization techniques including frequency sweeps, Large Amplitude Oscillatory Shear (LAOS) to resolve these unique underlying states. Furthermore, the work explores further avenues of study …

Exploring Red Palm Oil As A Sustainable Plasticizer For Carbon Black-Filled Ssbr/Br Tire Tread Compounds: A Comparative Evaluation Of Commercial Alternatives, Norma Arisanti Kinasih, Mohamad Irfan Fathurrohman, Santi Puspitasari, Dewi Kusuma Arti, Abdulhakim Masa

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

This study investigates the application of red palm oil (RPO) as an alternative vegetable oil resource to substitute petroleum-based plasticizers, which have environmental and health concerns, in carbon black (CB)-filled SSBR/BR tire tread compounds. The plasticizing effects of RPO were thoroughly evaluated by comparing them with a commercial bio-based plasticizer, Epoxidized Soybean Oil (ESBO), and two safer petroleum-based oils, Naphthenic Oil (NYNAS) and Treated Distillate Aromatic Extract (TDAE). The initial investigation shows that fatty acid composition is imposing regarding the plasticizing effect. The higher unsaturated fatty acid content in RPO than in ESBO improved tensile strength and degraded rolling resistance …

Metallurgical Investigation Of A Modified Eye Bolt Failure Caused By Improper Weld Extension, Specification Deviation, And Crevice Corrosion, Dimas Muhammad Fawwaz, Reza Miftahul Ulum, Johny Wahyuadi Soedarsono, Yudha Pratesa

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

A modified eye bolt from the David Arm Manhole Storage Tank underwent thorough metallurgical study due to the consequences of the bolt's malfunction during operation. Safety issues arose when the manhole door detached during operation. The mechanical testing and chemical composition analysis of the bolts indicated they were manufactured from an ASTM A193 Grade B7 material used for high-temperature bolting. This material did not conform to the engineering drawing, which mentioned SA 563A, which is about nuts, not bolts. This contradiction clearly shows that the eye bolt which was installed does not conform to the intended design. Welded connections of …

Rejection Of Fe (Iron) And Kmno4 (Organic Substance) Parameters In Peat Water Using Organic Membranes, Muhamad Rafli Sakti Mulia Gonera, Siti Umi Kalsum, Sarah Fiebrina Heraningsih

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Peat water is a surface water source widely used by people in swampy and lowland areas, but it has poor quality characteristics such as high organic matter content, low pH, and dissolved metal levels such as iron that exceed the threshold. These conditions can cause health problems and reduce the quality of clean water so that effective treatment technology is needed. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of ultrafiltration membranes made from chitosan from shrimp shell waste in rejecting iron (Fe) and organic substances in peat water, and to determine the effect of pressure on separation performance. This study …

Numerical Modeling Of Thermo-Poroelasticity Using Finite Element Method, Maya Mckean

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

We propose a numerical method for solving and modeling thermo-poroelasticity problems using a finite element formulation. Thermo-poroelasticity models describe the coupled interaction between mechanical deformation, fluid flow, and heat transfer in specific materials or environments over time. These models demonstrate the evolution of displacement, pressure, and temperature; we compute these fields in this work using backward Euler time discretization and Enriched Galerkin finite element spatial discretization. For these computations we used FreeFEM, a partial differential equation solver that uses the finite element method, which produced our numerical results. We then compared these values with the expected analytical solution. This was …

From Code To Cube: Interactive Fluid Simulation With Real Time Motion Control, Dominic Ziccardi, Carter Groezinger

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

This research project explores the use of FluidX3D, an open-source lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) solver, to simulate fluid behavior within a three-dimensional cube container. The system supports both standard water models and rheoscopic fluid visualization, allowing detailed observation of complex flow dynamics in real time. The simulation accurately represents fluid motion, gravity-driven behavior, and rotational response within a bounded cubic domain. The longterm objective is to extend this digital simulation into a physical installation consisting of six synchronized square displays arranged to form a cube. This configuration will create a volumetric illusion of fluid occupying a tangible, handheld structure. An …

The Motion Of A Falling Object Under Linear Drag And How Differential Equations Can Be Used To Find It, Lukas Estrella

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

This project, "The Motion of a Falling Object Under Linear Drag and How Differential Equations Can Be Used To Find It," investigates the motion of a falling object subject to air resistance through a combination of mathematical modeling and fundamental physical principles. The analysis is grounded in Newton’s second law, which yields a differential equation describing the forces acting on the object. Assuming a linear drag model, in which the resistive force is proportional to velocity, the governing equation reduces to a first-order ordinary differential equation for velocity. This equation is solved using the integrating factor method, yielding an explicit …

Extending The Essentially Entropic Lattice Boltzmann Method To Three-Dimensional Turbulent Flows, Michael Derderian

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

The Entropic Lattice Boltzmann Method (EELBM) has demonstrated strong numerical stability and accuracy for two-dimensional simulations, particularly at higher resolutions where the entropic formulation introduces only minimal stabilizing turbulent viscosity and eventually converges to the Lattice Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook (LBGK) formulation. This built-in stabilization can be interpreted as an implicit large-eddy simulation (LES) model, allowing EELBM to capture complex turbulent behavior without requiring explicit subgrid-scale closures. While these advantages have been thoroughly validated in 2D, understanding how the entropic constraint regulates dissipation in three dimensions is essential for assessing EELBM’s suitability for practical, turbulence-dominated applications. This work focuses on the development and …

Navier Stokes Pressure Drop Derivation, Brayden Benedetti, Gedaliah Dimbert, Jaden Turobiner

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

Accurate prediction of pressure losses in propellant and fluid feed systems is essential for reliable design and operation of aerospace and industrial flow networks. This project presents a systematic derivation of a practical pressure drop calculator for a feed system using isopropyl alcohol, beginning from the fundamental conservation laws and culminating in an engineering-level computational model. Starting with the differential form of the Navier–Stokes equations for incompressible flow, the governing equations are simplified through a series of physically justified assumptions, including steady-state flow, negligible body forces, and fully developed internal flow within circular piping. The resulting momentum balance is reduced …

Application Of Navier Stokes In Cfd, Hayden Kerkhoff, Gavin Palmer, Garret Seckinger

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

This project investigates the use of 2-Dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to analyze aerodynamic behavior, then compare data with the numerical solution of the Navier–Stokes equations run by MATLAB. By leveraging open‑source and possible industry CFD platforms—including OpenFOAM and commercial solvers such as ANSYS Fluent and Inventor Professional—the study evaluates how computational methods simulate, optimize, and predict key aerodynamic quantities such as lift, drag, stall angle, and Reynolds number.   The project focuses on modeling an airflow over specific parameters, such as different angles of attacks and ISA Atmospheric Conditions. Parametric variations in density, angle of attack, chord length, and temperature …

Motion With Air Resistance, Gauge Mccain, Jacob Bealefeld, Francesca Wise

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

The motion of objects moving through air is influenced not only by gravity but also by air resistance, which affects the speed and acceleration of the object over time. This project examines the motion of a falling object by modeling it with an ordinary differential equation that accounts for both gravitational force and a resistive drag force proportional to velocity. Using Newton’s Second Law, a first-order differential equation is derived to describe how the velocity of the object changes as it falls. The solution of this equation demonstrates how the velocity increases initially and gradually approaches a constant value known …

Simulations Of Phugoid Motion Of Jal 123, Dereth J J. Drake Scheuermann

Georgia Journal of Science

Airplanes rely on a balance between the four forces of flight: lift, weight, thrust, and drag. If these forces are balanced, the airplane will remain stable. However, if structurally or systematically compromised, the motion can rapidly become unstable. In the aviation industry, mistakes in repairs and aircraft design can lead to accidents causing the loss of life in some cases. In this article, we will be analyzing what happened 70 Japan Airlines flight 123 and how the flight’s motion deteriorated due to a defective repair. More specifically, we will discuss the aerodynamic effects of phugoid motion and how it developed …

Global Time-Resolved Measurements Of Inlet/Isolator Unstart Induced By Mass Injection, Andrew N. Bustard, Benjamin L. Bemis, Aaron Marques, Matthew J. Zahr, Thomas J. Juliano

Publications

The inner surface pressure of an axisymmetric inlet/isolator model was measured using anodized-aluminum pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) viewing through cast acrylic. Temperaturesensitive paint was utilized to correct for the PSP’s temperature sensitivity. The model was tested under Mach 5.7 flow at 𝑹𝒆 = 7.1 ×106 /m under conventional noise conditions. Transverse jet injection with jet-to-inlet mass-flow ratios up to 0.8 was used to induce unstart in the inlet/isolator. Background-oriented schlieren visualization of the inlet shocks was collected simultaneously with the PSP to determine when the inlet unstarted. Computational fluid dynamics results were used to determine off-wall flow structures and quantify approach …

Modelling Of Dust Devil Flow Dynamics: Effects Of The Sharpness Parameter On Velocity And Pressure, Deepanshu Kumar, Hossein Jafari

Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Simulation with Applications

This work discusses the development of a straightforward model of dust devils, demonstrating a method for estimating wind speed and pressure. The current model incorporates momentum equations and the mass conservation equation for steady, axisymmetric, inviscid, and incompressible flow. In this model, the radial velocity is first considered, which is restricted in both the radial and axial directions. The sharpness parameter is also incorporated into the radial velocity formulation, as described by Vatistas model. Using the radial velocity as a foundation, we derive the azimuthal and axial velocities. The study further evaluates the pressure. Notably, for large values of the …

Numerical Method For Strongly Variable-Density Flows At Low Mach Number: Flame-Sheet Regularisation And A Mass-Flux Immersed Boundary Method, Matheus P. Severino, Fernando F. Fachini, Elmer M. Gennaro, Daniel Rodríguez, Leandro F. Souza

Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Simulation with Applications

A low-Mach-number flow, in the laminar regime, has intrinsically two characteristic spatial scales for a given time scale, or two characteristic temporal scales for a given spatial scale, and these dual scales are very different due to the disparity between the flow and acoustic speed. Therefore, low-Mach-number flows impose mathematical and computational challenges in their description. Standard numerical methods for compressible flows, which are typically designed for problems with a single dominant spatial and temporal scale, require alternative approaches, such as preconditioning techniques or solvers tailored for low-Mach-number equations. The present work introduces a simplified fluid dynamics model for flows …

Flagellar Coordination In A Swimming Multicellular Bacterium, Erandi Sachinthanie Imiya Mudiyanselage, Melina Mati, Alexander P. Petroff

Physics

Microbial locomotion is well understood when cells use either a small number of flagella or a high density of cilia. However many microbes live in an intermediate regime where coordination strategies such as flagellar bundles and metachronal waves are not possible. The mechanisms by which such organisms coordinate the motion of their swimming appendages are not well understood. Here, we study the only known obligatory multicellular bacterium, which are of the genus Magnetoglobus. Cells of this genus live exclusively in spherical communities called consortia, which are composed of a monolayer of tens of cells. Approximately a thousand of flagella project …

Generating Live Heatmaps Of Edr Data Through A Spatiotemporal Weighting, Joel T. Williams, C. Sean Bohun, Alberto Fornaci, Michael R. Lindstrom

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

This paper introduces a novel method for generating live heatmaps of eddy dissipation rate (EDR) data through a spatiotemporal weighting designed to enhance turbulence visualization in aviation. As more flight data become available, approaches relying solely on in-flight EDR measurements have the potential to accurately nowcast and visualize turbulence with low computational cost. The proposed method significantly improves the turbulence visualization capabilities of common commercial aircraft. This is particularly valuable for pilot decision-making and trip planning, enhancing flight safety and operational efficiency. This approach also incorporates an innovative uncertainty threshold, which refrains from predicting when there are insufficient data, thereby …

Simulating The Movement Of A Major League Fastball, Max M. Moss

Graduate Masters Theses

The orientation of the seams on a baseball may seem arbitrary in nature; however, they play an enormous role in the aerodynamics of the ball during its short flight to home plate. This thesis aims to model the movement of a four-seam fastball as accurately as possible using the fourth order Runge-Kutta method. The model incorporates the effect of the seams on the path of the ball by utilizing the oscillating cross-sectional area, which varies for each angle of rotation. The simulated results demonstrate a strong agreement with the observed pitch trajectories, accurately reproducing both induced vertical break and horizontal …

An Analytical Framework For Quantifying Urban And Community Resilience To Natural Hazards From Cell-Phone Gps-Location And Traffic-Flow Data, Georgios Chatzikyriakidis

Civil and Environmental Engineering Theses and Dissertations

Urban areas are increasingly exposed to natural hazards while accommodating a growing share of the global population, yet a consistent science-based framework for quantifying urban and community resilience remains lacking. This dissertation develops a physics-based analytical framework grounded in statistical mechanics and the quantitative theory of Brownian motion. A city is conceptualized as a complex medium in which citizens move analogously to Brownian particles within a viscoelastic environment, influenced by socioeconomic interactions and infrastructure functionality.

A central premise is that urban resilience, interpreted as engineering resilience (an outcome), can be quantified through a single metric: the mean-square displacement MSD=⟨r²(t)⟩, of …

Turbulent Plenum Jet-Crossflow Validation Via Subgrid Scale Model Variation And Upstream Forcing Under Dynamic Hybrid Rans-Les, Cole W. Mccallum

Mechanical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

In modern gas turbine design, film cooling has become ubiquitous as a method for limiting heat transfer between high temperature gases post-combustion and the surface of downstream blades. This paper validates the use of various computational fluid dynamics techniques in recreating an experiment measuring adiabatic effectiveness over a surface downstream of a compound-angle N2 plenum jet incident on a turbulent-air boundary layer [1]. To do this, both RANS and Dynamic Hybrid RANS-LES (DHRL) methods are implemented and compared to previous research [2]. The latter method is then modified through implementation of a different subgrid scale (SGS) model and through addition …