Demography, Population, and Ecology Commons^™

Assessment Of Pneumonia In Older Adults: Effect Of Functional Status, Lona Mody, Rongjun Sun, Suzanne F. Bradley

Sociology & Criminology Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVES:

Evaluate the effect of preadmission functional status on severity of pneumonia, length of hospital stay (LOS), and all-cause 30-day and 1-year mortality of adults aged 60 and older and to understand the effect of pneumonia on short-term functional impairment.

DESIGN:

Prospective cohort study.

SETTING:

University hospital.

PARTICIPANTS:

One hundred twelve patients with radiograph-proven pneumonia (mean age 74.6) were enrolled.

MEASUREMENTS:

Functional status and comorbidities were assessed using the Functional Autonomy Measurement System (SMAF) and Charlson Comorbidity Index. Clinical information was used to calculate the Pneumonia Prognostic Index (PPI).

RESULTS:

Eighty-four (75%) patients were functionally independent (FI) before admission, …

Involving People With Disabilities As Members Of Advisory Groups, Lisa Brennan, Meg Traci, Diana Spas, University Of Montana Rural Institute

Independent Living and Community Participation

Service providers, schools, parks departments, public health agencies and other organizations make decisions and policies that profoundly affect the health, employment, income and well-being of people with disabilities. This capacity carries the obligation to involve the people most affected by including individuals with disabilities in the decision-making process. This Practice Guideline offers suggestions on how to involve people with disabilities as active members and advisors of your group. Many of these suggestions may be helpful to all participants, including those without disabilities.

Single Parent Households Within Kent County, Mi In 2000, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

Senior Citizens (65+) Within Kent County, Mi In 2000, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

Female Headed Households Below The Poverty Line Within Grand Rapids, Mi In 2000, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

African American Housing Tenure, Kent County, Mi 2000, (Population 16 Years And Older), Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

Population That Speaks English "Not Well" Or "Not At All" Within Kent County, Mi In 2000, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

Kent County School Districts, Grand Rapids, Mi, 2006, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

Grand Rapids Neighborhood Associations, Grand Rapids, Mi, 2006, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

Female Headed Households Below The Poverty Line Within Kent County, Mi In 2000, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

African American Population Within Kent County, Mi In 2000 (%), Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

Cities, Townships, And Villages Within Kent County, Mi In 2005, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

Hispanic Population Within Kent County, Mi In 2000 (%), Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

Expanding Responsibilities And Shifting Demands: An Analysis Of The Effects Of Migration And Employment On Immigrant Women's Negotiating Power In The Household, Kerry Greer

Dissertations and Theses

This study's objective was to examine the affect that migration and employment have on immigrant women's negotiating position within the household. Depth interviews were conducted with nine women who migrated to Portland, Oregon from Ethiopia or Eritrea. Women were encouraged to share a narrative history of their migration and employment experience. These interviews were analyzed to answer three primary questions: Who are immigrant women supporting through their participation in the paid labor market? How do women utilize gain access to employment opportunities and what strategies do women use once employed to meet competing demands on them at work and in …

Report On First Nations’ Housing, N.A.

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

This report provides a national, statistical portrait of the housing situation in First Nations communities. Following a brief overview of socioeconomic conditions, statistics are presented related to: housing repair needs, crowding, household amenities, water quality and the presence of smoke, mold and mildew. These results are further broken down by individual (e.g. income, education) and community (size and remoteness) characteristics.

Hong Kong Happiness Index 2006 : State Of Happiness In Hong Kong 2006, Lok Sang Ho

Hong Kong Happiness Index 香港快樂指數調查

The working population in Hong Kong in 2006 are generally happier, with the average happiness index rising fastest for the young and working--by nearly 5% over past year's, a survey conducted by the University's Centre for Public Policy Studies (CPPS) and the Institute for Humanities and Social Sciences indicates(IHSS).

The Survey shows an overall average happiness index for Hong Kong people standing at 70.58, a fairly high score by international standards despite a slight decrease from 2005's. However, the scores for both retired persons and housewives show a noticeable decline.

Commenting on the happiness index by age groups for the …

The Development Of Bilingual Education In Berlin’S Primary Schools, Elizabeth Buckley

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The debate on language education is flourishing in the current state of globalization and immigration. The rising amount of globalization has increased the amount of linguistic diversity present in one’s everyday life. There are between 6,000 and 7,000 languages in the world and half of them are in danger of disappearing. Therefore, it is becoming more common for the presence of many different linguistic groups within one country. For instance, in Indonesia, there are over 700 languages spoken. Although, the distribution of languages is not equal, it is nearly impossible to go through life without being exposed to another language …

Transnational Citizenship: Perspectives On Migration In The Greek Cypriot Community, Molly Bowen

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This research explores the phenomenon of rapidly increasing migration to the Greek Cypriot community. Through observation and interviews with migrants (including domestic workers, laborers, students, and asylum seekers) and Greek Cypriots the research explores the impact of residence in a foreign country on the migrants identity, questions feelings of belonging and integration in Greek Cypriot society, and asks Greek Cypriots how they perceive the migrant community. Additionally policy recommendations are made based on the ideas and problems faced by the interviewees.

Migration As An Economic Activity: The Efficiency Of Population Redistribution In Viet Nam, Megan L. Maurer

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Migration policy in Viet Nam views land and populations as economic resources. At reunification, these resources were not evenly distributed, thus the migration policy of the newly formed Socialist Republic of Viet Nam sought to redistribute them in a more efficient manner. However, this viewpoint does not take into account environmental and social factors. These factors include, but are not limited to issues surrounding the suitability of land for cultivation, the choice of crops to be cultivated, the infrastructural supports provided to migrant communities, and the lack of capital being put into the system.

As a consequence of these factors, …

The Floating Population And Crime In Contemporary China, Jonathan Wade Lopez

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

Since the late 70's in China there has been a dramatic increase in both the floating population and criminal activity. Members of the floating population, numbering between 79 and 145 million, live apart from their place of official permanent household registration (hukou) and are ineligible for the state-sanctioned social and economic benefits which accompany permanent hukou status. Although the literature and the media suggest that the floating population is to blame for the marked increase in criminal activity, few statistical studies examine the relationship between these two phenomena. This study used data from an extensive population based survey conducted in …

Code Enforcement Manual: Omaha Neighborhood Scan, University Of Nebraska At Omaha

Publications

No abstract provided.

Profiles Of Asian American Subgroups In Massachusetts: Chinese Americans In Massachusetts, Shauna Lo

Institute for Asian American Studies Publications

This report presents a profile of Chinese Americans statewide as well as highlights Chinese Americans living in four communities: Boston’s Chinatown, Quincy, Malden and Newton. It draws upon U.S. Census data, secondary sources and interviews.

Mortality Of The Oldest Old In China, Rongjun Sun, Yuzhi Liu

Sociology & Criminology Faculty Publications

Objective: This study investigates the role of customary activities, both social and solitary, in mortality among the oldest old in China.

Methods: The data come from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey.Weibull hazard models analyze the mortality risk of those 80 years of age and older within a 2-year period between 1998 and 2000.

Results: Results show that solitary activities, either active or sedentary, are significantly associated with lower mortality risk. The effect of social activities on mortality gradually diminishes with age and is reversed at very old ages when physical exercise, health status, and sociodemographic characteristics are controlled.

Discussion: …

Reducing Aids-Related Stigma And Discrimination In Indian Hospitals, Vaishali Sharma Mahendra, Laelia Gilborn, Bitra George, Luke Samson, Rupa Mudoi, Sarita Jadav, Indrani Gupta, Shalini Bharat, Celine Daly

HIV and AIDS

People living with HIV/AIDS in India, as elsewhere, face stigma and discrimination in a variety of contexts. Research in India has shown that stigma and discrimination against HIV-positive people and those perceived to be infected are common in hospitals and act as barriers to seeking and receiving critical treatment and care services. Recognizing the need to move beyond documentation of the problem, three New Delhi hospitals; SHARAN, an Indian NGO; and the Horizons program, with support from the National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO), carried out an operations research project to develop and test responses to hospital-based stigma and discrimination against …

Promoting More Gender-Equitable Norms And Behaviors Among Young Men As An Hiv/Aids Prevention Strategy, Julie Pulerwitz, Gary Barker, Marcio Segundo, Marcos Nascimento

HIV and AIDS

The Population Council and the Promundo Institute studied the effectiveness of interventions in Brazil designed to change the attitudes of young men in relation to gender norms and reducing the risk of contracting HIV/STIs. One conclusion of the study was the recognition of the importance of engaging young people (men and women) in the issue of gender relations and the risks of HIV contamination. The results of the study indicate that addressing inequitable gender norms, particularly those that define masculinity, can be an important element of HIV prevention strategies. These findings suggest that group education interventions can successfully influence young …

Abc Messages For Hiv Prevention In Kenya: Clarity And Confusion, Barriers And Facilitators, Julie Pulerwitz, Tiffany Lillie, Louis Apicella, Ann P. Mccauley, Tobey C. Nelson, Simon Ochieng, Peter Mwarogo, Karusa Kiragu, Edward Kunyanga

HIV and AIDS

The Horizons Program and FHI/IMPACT developed a collaborative research study to explore how adults and youth in Kenya define and perceive the ABC (abstinence/being faithful/consistent condom use) terms and behaviors. Additional objectives of the study were to identify attitudes and norms around the ABC behaviors that influence perceptions of them, and the role of important actors in transmitting messages about them. Findings highlight potential challenges in promoting each of the ABC behaviors, as well as some positive elements that can be built upon when developing programs. HIV prevention programs that incorporate ABC messages—both in Kenya and elsewhere—should consider a number …

Examining Adherence And Sexual Behavior Among Patients On Antiretroviral Therapy In India, Avina Sarna, Indrani Gupta, Sanjay Pujari, A.K. Sengar, Rajiv Garg, Ellen Weiss

HIV and AIDS

With increased availability of ART, HIV-positive individuals are living healthier lives and continuing or resuming sexual activity. However, optimism related to ART’s success in slowing disease progression, reducing viral load, and improving health status may lead to more risky sexual practices and a possible increase in transmission of infections. To determining the sexual behavior of HIV-positive persons on ART, the Horizons program, in collaboration with research partners in Delhi and Pune, conducted a study to assess current levels of adherence to ART among a sample of people living with HIV/AIDS, identify the factors that influence their adherence to treatment, and …

Orphans And Vulnerable Youth In Bulawayo, Zimbabwe: An Exploratory Study Of Psychosocial Well-Being And Psychosocial Support, Laelia Gilborn, Louis Apicella, Jonathan Brakarsh, Linda Dube, Kyle Jemison, Mark Kluckow, Tricia Smith, Leslie M. Snider

HIV and AIDS

This Population Council Horizons report presents findings from an exploratory study by the Regional Psychosocial Support Initiative and Catholic Relief Services’ Support to Replicable, Innovative Village/Community-level Efforts Program of vulnerable youth living in and around Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. It describes their demographic characteristics, exposure to stress and trauma, and psychosocial well-being. The report also highlights the relationships between psychosocial well-being outcomes and exposure to stress and trauma, and the differences in psychosocial well-being between males and females, orphaned and nonorphaned youth, and younger and older adolescents. The report concludes with program and research implications.

Balancing Leisure And Work: Evidence From The Seasonal Home, Susan I. Stewart, Kenneth M. Johnson

Sociology

Seasonal homes are used during leisure time for many recreational activities, yet recent technological innovations have diminished the separation between the work place and the seasonal home. In a survey of Walworth County seasonal home owners, most who work full time report they seldom work during vacations and weekends from their seasonal home. Yet there is a distinct subgroup who do mix work into weekends and vacations for a variety of reasons. The most frequent reasons given by these people for working from the seasonal home were related to the expectations of coworkers and clients. Understanding more about the habits …

Facts About Adolescents From The Demographic And Health Survey—Statistical Tables For Program Planning: Nigeria 2003, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The Population Council initiated its work on adolescents in the mid-1990s. At that time, those advocating greater attention to adolescent issues were concerned about adolescent fertility—particularly outside of marriage—and adolescent “risk-taking” behavior. As an international scientific organization with its mandate centered around the needs of developing countries, the Council sought a more nuanced and context-specific understanding of the problems confronting adolescents in the developing world. In working with colleagues inside and outside the Council, it became clear that information on adolescents, and the way data are organized, were limiting the ability to understand the diversity of their experiences or to …