Finance Commons^™

Japan’S Act On Strengthening Financial Functions (Asff), Vaasavi Unnava, Junko Oguri

Journal of Financial Crises

After the Japanese Financial Crisis in 1990s, the non-performing loan problem was mitigated in the large Japanese banks but persisted in the regional banking system. By 2004, regional banks accounted for half of all non-performing loans. In 2004, the government passed the Act on Strengthening Financial Functions (ASFF), legislation for capital injections to address the non-performing loan problem. Aimed at regional banks, the ASFF secured ¥2 trillion in capital, with various eligibility restrictions and requirements, such as a rigorous debt restructuring plan. As the Japanese economy and the financial system encountered multiple external shocks, the government amended the Act several …

Growing During A Global Crisis, Ahmad E. Shahin

Theses and Dissertations

Employing the data from the World Bank Enterprise surveys, we examine how the first shock of the COVID-19 pandemic has affected firm dynamics across the world. Our first group of robust models have tested the effect of internal firms’ managerial decisions and other external factors on the sales’ growth, where we found that the most important decisions are related to preserving and increasing liquidity levels, in addition to utilizing the workforce in giving more input to maintain and grow the firms’ sales. Our second group of robust models have tested the firms’ financial decisions and other external factors on the …

Unscheduled Events, Stock Returns, And Market Efficiency: A Covid-19 Case Study Of Industry Leaders, Nathan R. Durham

Honors College Theses

This thesis explores the effects of unscheduled events on stock market returns due to increased uncertainty. A case study is done on the Coronavirus pandemic for the dates of March 9th, 2020, through March 23rd , 2020. The findings allow for short-run and long-run narratives where long-run returns, and short-run volatility explain how the role of psychology and different forecasting strategies are used to differentiate industry outcomes and technology sector returns.

Teaching Math With Confidence-Recommendations For Improving Numeracy From The Lens Of Confidence Building, Louie Bernard A. Jacob, Miguel Angelo S. Rabago, Hans Erickson A. Tan, Lawrence Dacuycuy, Gerardo L. Largoza, Maria Fe Carmen L. Dabbay

Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)

Despite the vast amount of literature surrounding the topic of financial literacy and related problems, there is still no universally accepted solution to this issue because the main factors causing financial literacy problems are still not fully understood both by researchers and current policy-makers. A possible new approach was discovered by Skagerlund et al. (2018), as their research suggested that financial literacy is driven by numeracy (the ability to process and perform basic numerical concepts and calculations) rather than direct knowledge about financial concepts. Given that numeracy is an effort based task, this policy brief provides a list of recommendations …

The Behavioral Si* Model, With Applications To The Swine Flu And Covid-19 Pandemics, Jussi Keppo, Marianna Kudlyak, Elena Quercioli, Lones Smith, Andrea Wilson

School of Economics and Finance Faculty Publications

The 1927 SIR contagion model is the dynamical system for an infection that passes at a constant rate in random pairwise meetings. Our Behavioral SI* Model assumes that everyone has access to a constant elasticity of avoidance technology. We then derive the passing rate in fully solvable Nash equilibrium of the game where everyone optimizes. The resulting dynamics are log-linear, and incidence is log-linear in prevalence, with slope less than one.

The SI* models yields extreme predictions for major contagions, not realized. At breakout, the SI* models capture exponential growth. In our BSI* model, increasing avoidance behavior bends the curve, …

Algorithmic Transparency, Jian Sun

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

I study the optimal algorithmic disclosure in a lending market where lenders use a predictive algorithm to mitigate adverse selection. The predictive algorithm is unobservable to borrowers and uses a manipulable borrower feature as input. A regulator maximizes market efficiency by disclosing information about the statistical properties of variables embedded in the predictive algorithm to borrowers. Under the optimal disclosure policy, the posterior belief consists of two disjoint regions in which the borrower feature is more relevant and less relevant in predicting borrower quality, respectively. The optimal disclosure policy differentiates posterior lending market equilibria by the equilibrium data manipulation levels. …

Stock Return Prediction Using Financial News: A Unified Sequence Model Based On Hierarchical Attention And Long-Short Term Memory Networks, Haoling Chen, Peng Liu

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Stock return prediction has been a hot topic in both research and industry given its potential for large financial gain. The return signal, apart from its inherent volatility and complexity, is often accompanied by a multitude of noises, such as other stocks’ performance, macroeconomic factors and financial news, etc. To better characterize these factors, we propose a new model that consists of two levels of sequence: an NLP-based module to capture the sequential nature of words and sentences in the financial news, and a time-series-based module to exploit the sequential nature of adjacent observations in the stock price. In this …

Volatility Timing Under Low-Volatility Strategy, Poh Ling Neo, Chyng Wen Tee

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The authors show that the slope of the volatility decile portfolio’s return profile contains valuable information that can be used to time volatility under different market conditions in the United States. During good (bad) market conditions, the high- (low-) volatility portfolio produces the highest return. The authors proceed to devise a volatility timing strategy based on statistical tests on the slope of the volatility decile portfolio’s return profile. Volatility timing is achieved by being aggressive during strong growth periods and conservative during market downturns. Superior performance is obtained, with an additional return of 4.1% observed in the volatility timing strategy, …

Socially Responsible Corporate Customers, Rui Dai, Hao Liang, Lilian Ng

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Corporate customers are an important stakeholder in global supply chains. We employ several unique international databases to test whether socially responsible corporate customers can infuse similar socially responsible business behavior in suppliers. Our findings suggest a unilateral effect on corporate social responsibility (CSR) only from customers to suppliers, an evidence further supported by exogenous variation in customers’ close-call CSR proposals and by product scandals. Customers exert influence on suppliers’ CSR through positive assortative matching and their decision-making process. Enhanced collaborative CSR efforts help improve operational efficiency and firm valuation of both customers and suppliers but increase only the customers’ future …

Covid-19 And Women-Led Businesses Around The World, Yu Liu, Siqi Wei, Jian Xu

School of Economics and Finance Faculty Publications

The impacts of crises are never gender-neutral, and the COVID-19 pandemic is no exception. Using a brand-new dataset covering 24 countries, we document that women-led businesses are subject to a higher likelihood of closure and a longer closure duration than men-led businesses during the pandemic. Women business leaders are also more pessimistic about the future than men business leaders. The disadvantages suffered by women-led businesses widen in high gender inequality economies and developing economies. Our results further indicate that finance and labor factors are likely to be the major contributors to these disadvantages. We suggest that COVID-19′s policy response should …

Ship Investment Strategy : A Case Study Of Vlcc Tankers, Epimachus Mulisa Burchard

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Maritime Liens And Their Enforcement From International Perspectives And Lessons For Vietnam, Thi Anh Tho Tran

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Improving Youth Financial Literacy: A Profile Of Middle School Camp Attendees, Jamie Lynn Byram, John Grable, Kenneth J. White, Michael Thomas, Kimberly Watkins

Journal of Extension

The purpose of this paper is to present a profile of middle-school-age youth who participated in a week-long experiential residential camp focused on helping campers learn about and interact with money, personal finance topics, and mainstream financial service providers. Based on pre- and post-test data, it was determined an experiential real-world camp experience can increase the financial confidence and goal-setting abilities of young people.

Projected Versus Actual On-Campus Student Enrollment During The Covid-19 Pandemic For Fall 2020 At Purdue University: A Quantitative Analysis Of Purdue Office Of Enrollment Management Data, Max Bebekoski

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Mixed-Signal Stock Splits, Ahmed M. Elnahas, Pankaj K. Jain, Thomas H. Mcinish

School of Economics and Finance Faculty Publications

We investigate CEOs who combine insider selling with stock splits, which is suspicious, because dumping stocks is inconsistent with the positive stock-split signal. Our empirical results indicate that, compared with other splits, these mixed-signal splits perform poorly and are followed by much lower buy-and-hold abnormal returns and much higher likelihoods of announcing an earnings restatement and CEO turnover in the post-split period. Our results are robust to entropy balancing and controlling for CEO characteristics, incentives, and corporate governance and highlight previously ignored agency issues around stock splits. Attention to insider trades is essential to properly interpret a stock-split signal.

Nevada Campaign Financing: U.S. House Of Representatives, 2020, Kristian Thymianos, Olivia K. Cheche, William E. Brown Jr.

Elections & Governance

In the 2020 election cycle, Nevada’s U.S. House of Representatives delegation fundraised a combined total of $9,994,636. This fact sheet summarizes the campaign donations and expenditures of these representatives. The data are collected from the Open Secrets website.

Analysis Of Factors Influencing The Bailout Of Distressed Enterprises By Local Asset Management Companies, Houwen Li

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

In recent years, the number of distressed enterprises in China has gradually increased due to radical enterprise strategies, excessive expansion, poor management, and a trend of accelerating growth. Unable to adapt to fierce market competition, a large number of “zombie enterprises” disrupt the market order, reduce the use efficiency of social resources, and aggravate market risks. However, some enterprises are
temporarily caught in financial distress due to a deterioration of their financial situation caused by factors such as debt structure or capital liquidity. If such enterprises can be bailed out in time, they can escape their distress, which not only …

Business Models For Post-Crisis Information Ecosystems, Antje Mays

Library Faculty and Staff Publications

Since early 2020, the global COVID-19 pandemic has interrupted activity across business, education, research, and communities. Public health safety precautions have forced drastic reductions in economic and educational activity, resulting in widespread economic uncertainty and sizeable budget cuts. With library budgets already declining since the 2001-2002 recession following the dotcom crash and more steeply since the 2007-2009 Great Recession spawned by the financial crash, the pandemic has accelerated trends that were already underway. Libraries’ reduced purchasing power places the information ecosystem at risk of contraction in the race to contain costs. While economic contexts and publishing forms have changed considerably. …

Digital Only Banks The Changing Face Of Global Banking: Challenges, Opportunities And Aml/Cft Implications For Nigeria, David N. Odu

Bullion

The drastic digitization brought about by evolution of technology in the world has changed almost every sphere of human life with the most recent effect being moved to cashless economy, while the role of digitization in the banking sector is altering customer demand and preferences, banks are becoming digitally oriented to meet the forces of demand and supply. This has led to the birth of digital-only also called challenger bankers or branches banks as they operate without a physical location, only have a location for admin purposes or hosting their servers. This growing wave of consumer oriented banking institutions focuses …

Local Religiosity, Workplace Safety, And Firm Value, Md Ruhul Amin, Incheol Kim, Suin Lee

School of Economics and Finance Faculty Publications

This paper examines the effect of local religiosity on employee treatment, proxied by workplace safety incidents. Using the establishment-level data compiling on the incidents of work-related injuries, we find that employees of the establishments in more religious counties get less injured than those in less religious counties. We further find that a reduction in occupational accidents is more evident for establishments in counties dominated by one religious denomination, strengthening our argument on community solidarity and homophily stemming from religious networks. Firms whose establishments are located in high religiosity counties are less likely to violate workplace conduct and more likely to …

Innovating In Traditional Real Estate Business Development Based On Value Co-Creation, Ya Zhang

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

The real estate industry is an important aspect of China's social development and plays a pivotal role in economic growth. With the development of urbanization in my country, the supply relationship in the real estate industry has changed, consumer demand has become more rational, and the real estate industry’s financial and investment attributes have been superimposed on the influence of the real estate industry. The competition among small and medium real estate companies with relatively weak resource endowments has become increasingly fierce. Some land expansion models can no longer adapt to the development of the new situation. How to survive …

A Study On Constructing The Fourth Financial Statement For The Performance Prediction And Value Assessment Of Internet Enterprises In The Food Industry, Jianxin Zhang

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

For a long time, industry, financial institutions, PE investment funds, and capital market investors have determined the business performance and market value of a company, usually based on the data of the three audited financial tables provided by the company, and further comprehensive analysis will be carried out the evaluation. Due to the limitations of accounting standards, the three financial tables cannot truly reflect all the business conditions of the enterprise. At the same time, the economic stage with traditional manufacturing as the main body and the economic stage with the digital economy as the main body are concerned with …

Air Pollution, Behavioral Bias, And The Disposition Effect In China, Jennifer (Jie) Li, Massimo Massa, Hong Zhang, Jian Zhang

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Inspired by the recent health science findings that air pollution affects mental health and cognition, we examine whether air pollution can intensify the cognitive bias observed in the financial markets. Based on a proprietary data set obtained from a large Chinese mutual fund family consisting of complete trading information for more than 773,198 ac-counts in 247 cities, we find that air pollution significantly increases investors' disposition effects. Analysis based on two plausible exogenous variations in air quality (the vast dissi-pation of air pollution caused by strong winds and the Huai River policy) supports a causal interpretation. Mood regulation provides a …

Three Essays On Agency Costs In Corporate Finance, Eyad Alhudhaif

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation attempts to explain several firm corporate choices under the classical framework of contractual agency problems in corporate finance. Essay 1 examine firms’ debt maturity structure following exogenous changes in growth opportunities due to the COVID-19 shock. I Find companies experiencing an increase in growth options choose longer-term debt, a result that supports the arguments presented by Diamond and He, 2014 and Childs et al., 2005. Essay 2 examine the effect of firm’s risk exposure concentration on debt maturity choices. We find shortterm debt is preferred over covenants in mitigating debt-related agency problems of risk-shifting. These results indicate that …

Corporate Cash Holdings, Agency Problems, And Economic Policy Uncertainty, Siamak Javadi, Mohsen Mollagholamali, Ali Nejadmalayeri, Saud Al-Thaqeb

School of Economics and Finance Faculty Publications

Consistent with the agency view of cash holdings, we document a strong negative relationship between economic policy uncertainty and corporate cash holdings for non-U.S. firms from 19 countries. Our results are robust to different measures of cash holdings and model specifications and survive after addressing endogeneity. We provide evidence that the decrease in cash holdings is moderated by shareholders' ability to force managers to disgorge cash that fits consistently within the agency framework. Overall, results suggest that lowering cash holdings help alleviate agency problems in the presence of policy uncertainty and underscore the significance of country attributes in corporate finance.

الموائمة بين نظم الرقابة الداخلية والمعالجة الالكترونية للبيانات ودورها في ترشيد القرارات الادارية: دراسة تحليلية لعينة من المصارف العراقية المدرجة في سوق العراق للأوراق المالية, رائد حسن علي, نوار عاصي نعيمة, جعفر فالح ناصر

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

هنالك صعوبات تواجه المصارف في عملية الرقابة نتيجة لاعتماد اغلبها على النظم التقليدية في المعالجة للبيانات لذا فان البحث يهدف الى معرفة الدور الذي تمارسه الموائمة بين الرقابة الداخلية والمعالجة الالكترونية للبيانات ودورها في ترشيد القرارات الادارية من خلال عملية تحليل حجم المعاملات المدققة من قبل النظام واستخراج نسب الانفاق والنمو على عملية التحول الى الانظمة الالكترونية ومعرفة مدى مساهمة تلك الاجراءات في ترشيد القرارات الادارية خلال سنوات (2018 ،2019، 2020 ) لعينة من المصارف العراقية المدرجة في سوق العراق للأوراق المالية وتم من خلال ذلك التوصل الى اهداف البحث واختبار فرضيته. واهم ما توصل اليه البحث يتمثل بان استخدام …

دور الحصر الضريبي في زيادة العوائد المالية للدولة: بحث تطبيقي في الهيئة العامة للضرائب/ فرع الديوانية, أنور عباس ناصر, علي غانم شاكر, ازهر غيلان مرهون

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

يهدف البحث إلى التحري عن الواقع الاني والحقيقي لأساليب الحصر الضريبي وتقويم أداءه ومدى فاعليتها من جانب كبر حجم العمل في الهيئة العامة للضرائب وفروعها , وذلك من خلال ازدياد أعداد المكلفين الضريبين سواء أكانوا طبيعيين ام معنويين , فضلاً عن طرح تصور حقيقي عن مدى إمكانية ايجاد وتأسيس نظام جديد لتسجيل المكلفين يساعد على معالجة نقاط الضعف المطبقة ضمن اساليب التحاسب الضريبي الروتينية في العراق والمتعلقة بالية الحصر الضريبي واهميتها. وتظهر أهمية تطبيق الية الحصر الضريبي في العراق من خلال ما ترفده هذه القاعدة من ارقام ومخرجات ضريبية معلوماتية إلى الهيئة الضريبية لأجل حصر الافراد المكلفين بصورة شفافة ودقيقة …

اهمية المخاطر والسيولة لتعزيز القيمة المصرفية في المصارف الاهلية: دراسة تطبيقية في مصارف الشرق الاوسط والخليج والاهلي وبغداد للفترة من 2016 لغاية 2019, محمد سمير دهيرب الربيعي, محمد حسن وادي

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

يهدف البحث الى دراسة المخاطر المصرفية والسيولة المطلوبة من المصرف توفيرها واثر كل من المخاطر والسيولة على قيمة المصرف, ومن هنا ظهرت مشكلة البحث التي تشير الى مدى تأثير المخاطر والسيولة على قيمة المصرف. ولتحقيق أهداف وفرضيات البحث تمت دراسة المؤشرات الرياضية وتحليلها وايجاد العلاقة والتأثير وفق اساليب احصائية, حيث أستخدم البحث الاسلوب الاحصائي (SPSS), والمقاييس الكمية والتي تضمنت مؤشرات السيولة السريعة لقياس السيولة ومؤشر العائد على الودائع لقياس الربحية ومؤشر قياس قيمة المصرف Tobin’s Q . تم اختيار عينة متكونة من أربعة مصارف اهلية (مصرف الشرق الاوسط, مصرف الخليج , مصرف الاهلي ومصرف بغداد) وللفترة من 2016 لغاية 2019. …

دور التسويق الرقمي في تعزيز الاستراتيجيات المعتمدة على مصفوفة Ansoff: دراسة استطلاعية في متجر العالمية في مدينة الموصل, منذر خضر يعقوب, حربية عبدو عمر

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

يعد موضوع التسويق الرقمي من الموضوعات المعاصرة، ففي الوقت الحاضر ظهرت مجموعة من التقانات الجديدة والحيوية التي من شأنها أن تساهم في تسويق المنتجات لاسيما تسويق السلع على نحو عام، والسلع الميسرة على نحو خاص، اذ تطورت بشكل كبيراً جداً في العقدين الاخيرين لاسيما في ظل الأزمات ومنها أزمة جائحة كوفيد -19، ويهدف البحث الحالي إلى بيان دور التسويق الرقمي بأبعاده في تعزيز الاستراتيجيات المعتمدة على مصفوفة Ansoff، على افتراض أن التسويق الرقمي يسهم في تعزيزها، وأيضاً تأثر الااستراتيجيات المعتمدة على مصفوفة Ansoff بالتسويق الرقمي. تم اختيار متجر العالمية في مدينة الموصل، وأخذ عينة من موظفيه العاملين والبالغ عددهم (50)، …

الابتزاز التسويقي وأثره على رضا الزبون: دراسة استطلاعية لآراء عينة من المستفيدين من خدمات مكاتب الصيرفة المالية في مدينة الموصل, شيماء ناظم حمدون

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

يتناول البحث عرضا لمفاهيم الابتزاز التسويقي وانواعه والتي برزت على أثر التحولات والتحديات التي تواجه منظمات الأعمال في ظل التغيرات الاقتصادية والسياسية التي تشهدها البلاد على نحو عام، وأثر ذلك بشكل كبير على المستفيدين من خدمات صرف العملة المحلية. وركزت مشكلة البحث على أثر الابتزاز التسويقي في رضا الزبون،وجاءت أهميته عبر التعرف على أثر الابتزاز التسويقي في رضا الزبون،إذ أن رضا الزبون لا يتحقق الا بعد تلبية حاجات المستهلكين ورغباتهم المتنوعة، والحد من عمليات الابتزاز التي تمارسها العديد من مكاتب الصيرفة في مدينة الموصل فيما يخص صرف الاموال وتحديد سعر الصرف بما يتماشى مع سعر البنك المركزي العراقي وسعر السوق، …