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Articles 6811 - 6840 of 7823

Full-Text Articles in Environmental Health and Protection

Double-Crested Cormorant Damage To A Commercial Fishery In The Apostle Islands, Wisconsin, Scott R. Craven, Esther Lev Sep 1985

Double-Crested Cormorant Damage To A Commercial Fishery In The Apostle Islands, Wisconsin, Scott R. Craven, Esther Lev

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

The endangered classification of the double-crested cormorant (DCC) in Wisconsin resulted in complete protection and significant management efforts in the 1970's., These efforts, probably coupled with reduced pesticide loads, resulted in a resurgence of Wisconsin cormorant populations from a low of 66 pairs in 1972 to 1028 pairs in 1982» The DCC was reclassified as a threatened species in 1982. This apparent success story did not take into consideration the potential negative impact of an abundant piscivorous bird. In 1978 a colony of DCC's became established on a remote rocky island in the Apostle Islands National, Lakeshore, in Lake Superior. …

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Management Implications Derived From Bird Damage Assessments In North Dakota Sunflower, Joseph L. Guarino, John L. Cummings Sep 1985

Management Implications Derived From Bird Damage Assessments In North Dakota Sunflower, Joseph L. Guarino, John L. Cummings

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

The most recent estimate of blackbird damage to ripening sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in North Dakota in 1980 exceeded $6 million. Although less than 5% of the sunflower fields in the state received greater than 10% damage in each of four past survey years, as much as 50% of the total state-wide damage occurred in these fields. This loss can be combated with cost-effective control- Successful control requires timely action when blackbirds are in large concentrations. Frightening blackbirds from fields early in the damage season disperses damage and this can result in compensatory growth by sunflower, whereby yields at …

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Closing Remarks, F. Eugene Hester Sep 1985

Closing Remarks, F. Eugene Hester

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

I am glad to be here to present the closing remarks before such a group of professionals who represent the many agencies and individuals who daily perform the delicate task of resolving animal damage conflicts. The segment of wildlife management that you represent is perhaps the most difficult to accomplish in view of existing public opinion and involvement.

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Minimum Effective Level Of Methiocarb For Protecting Sprouting Rice In Louisiana From Blackbird Damage, N.R. Holler, P.W. Lefebvre, A. Wilson, R.E. Matteson, G.R. Gutknecht Sep 1985

Minimum Effective Level Of Methiocarb For Protecting Sprouting Rice In Louisiana From Blackbird Damage, N.R. Holler, P.W. Lefebvre, A. Wilson, R.E. Matteson, G.R. Gutknecht

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Blackbirds cause locally serious losses to rice. The Denver Wildlife Research Center, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Rice Research Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center have been cooperating in tests to determine the efficacy of methiocarb seed treatments for protecting sprouting rice in Louisiana from blackbird damage. Results from four field tests (1980, 1982, 1983, and 1984) have shown that methiocarb provides good protection when applied to rice seed at the rate of 2.4 g and 1.25 g active ingredient (a.i.)/kg of rice seed (0.25 and 0.125%). Seed treated at 0.6 g a.i./kg appeared to be susceptible …

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Removal Of Nesting Starlings With Drc-1339, Douglas I. Hall Sep 1985

Removal Of Nesting Starlings With Drc-1339, Douglas I. Hall

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

DRC-1339-treated crickets (Gryllus sp.) were utilized in an attempt to remove starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) nesting and rearing young in the aircraft hangars at the Little Rock Air Center, Little Rock, Pulaski County, Arkansas. Bait ratio of 1 treated to 5 untreated crickets was used. They were placed under airport night lights where foraging birds naturally gathered to feed on insects attracted to these lights. Adult starlings consumed the crickets as well as fed them to their young. Lethal control was achieved on both age classes of bird. Field test results show promise for the development of a …

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State Funded Wildlife Damage Programs: The Wisconsin Experience, Scott E. Hygnstrom, Scott R. Craven Sep 1985

State Funded Wildlife Damage Programs: The Wisconsin Experience, Scott E. Hygnstrom, Scott R. Craven

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Wisconsin has a long tradition of involvement with wildlife damage and wildlife damage programs. It is one of less than a dozen states that presently has a program for wildlife damage. From 1931 to 1980, Wisconsin paid landowners for damage to crops caused by wildlife,. Now the focus of Wisconsin's wildlife damage program is on damage control and prevention through appropriate abatement techniques and wildlife population control. This paper will detail Wisconsin's experience with these approaches and will offer insight into improving state funded wildlife damage programs.

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Future Of Wildlife Damage Control And The Cooperative Extension Service, Peter T. Bromley Sep 1985

Future Of Wildlife Damage Control And The Cooperative Extension Service, Peter T. Bromley

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

The driving forces which determine the role of the Cooperative Extension Service in wildlife damage control are (1) the demand for information by the public, (2) the degree of support for programs at the national level, and (3) the level of professionalism exhibited by Cooperative Extension Agents and subject matter Specialists. Analysis of several trends suggests that the Cooperative Extension Service role in Wildlife Damage Control will increase in coming years. The movement of urban people into rural settings will create greater demands for wildlife damage control information. Likewise, the expansion of wildlife population into urban and suburban environments due …

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Role And Responsibilities Of State Cooperative Extension Services For Wildlife Damage Control, James L. Byford Sep 1985

Role And Responsibilities Of State Cooperative Extension Services For Wildlife Damage Control, James L. Byford

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

The Cooperative Extension Service was established by the Smith-Lever Act in 1914. It was designed to improve the lives of people, through education in: agriculture, natural resources, home economics and community development. Its audiences include both adult and youth. 4-H is the primary youth audience. The Cooperative Extension Service is an "extension" of the Land Grant university in each state. Its employees include university faculty (specialists) and professional agents in every county, in every state in the country. Extension's primary mission is to conduct an educational program, using research-based information. Research results are condensed into a form that the average …

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Usda Forest Service Role In Wildlife Damage Control, Hugh C. Black Sep 1985

Usda Forest Service Role In Wildlife Damage Control, Hugh C. Black

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Wildlife damage control is an important objective of resource management on the 191 million acres of National Forest System (NFS) lands administered by the USDA Forest Service. Policy on wildlife damage control is based on the USDA Policy on Fish and Wildlife (Secretary's Memorandum 9500-3, July 1983). The objective of wildlife damage control is to reduce damage and loss by wildlife on all NFS lands to levels consistent with management objectives. Control measures are only undertaken when and where necessary to realize wildlife management objectives and to prevent serious damage to public or private property and natural resources. Because of …

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Landowner Tolerance Of Beavers: Implications For Damage Management And Control, Ken G. Purdy, Daniel J. Decker, Richard A. Malecki, John C. Proud Sep 1985

Landowner Tolerance Of Beavers: Implications For Damage Management And Control, Ken G. Purdy, Daniel J. Decker, Richard A. Malecki, John C. Proud

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Management of beaver (Castor canadensis) populations can be an effective way to create wetlands while at the same time producing a valued recreational and furbearer resource. Optimizing beaver populations for such a dual objective, however, requires careful integration of biological and sociological considerations in management planning. Knowledge of beaver population dynamics by itself is insufficient for sound management; human tolerance data also must be included in management decisions to reduce the potential of encountering problems that could impede the attainment of beaver-wetlands management objectives. Expansion of beaver into new areas often may be constrained by managers' perceptions of …

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Computer Assisted Extension Program On Ground Squirrel Control, Terrell P. Salmon, Donald L. Lancaster, Leanne Lasarow Sep 1985

Computer Assisted Extension Program On Ground Squirrel Control, Terrell P. Salmon, Donald L. Lancaster, Leanne Lasarow

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Computers have become common place in virtually all phases of agriculture. Most individuals have access to microcomputers and the once apparent intimidation about using them is rapidly disappearing. Because of increased availability and public acceptance, it's no surprise that many Extension programs are using computers as an important component of their educational package. Recently, several computer models have been developed to assist Extension personnel and others in demonstrating proper wildlife damage control decision-making. We have developed such a model which is used to: 1) present ground squirrel control information to the grower, 2) take user (grower) input on production, yields, …

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What You Wanted To Know About All You Ever Heard Concerning Snake Repellents, Gary J. San Julian Sep 1985

What You Wanted To Know About All You Ever Heard Concerning Snake Repellents, Gary J. San Julian

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Have you ever heard about a way to keep snakes away from your house? Many people in North Carolina have been told by their elders of various ways to repel snakes. When we first started working on this problem in North Carolina, we were amazed at the number of "home remedies" that people believed would protect their property from snakes; and we began to keep a record of these remedies. In 1981, a grant from the Pesticide Impact Assessment Program allowed us to begin to test some of these remedies to determine their value.

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Deer Damage And Damage Control In Ohio's Nurseries, Orchards And Christmas Tree Plantings: The Grower's View, Joel D. Scott, Thomas W. Townsend Sep 1985

Deer Damage And Damage Control In Ohio's Nurseries, Orchards And Christmas Tree Plantings: The Grower's View, Joel D. Scott, Thomas W. Townsend

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

A survey of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) damage was conducted among growers (N = 2,236) of fruit, Christmas tree and nursery crops in Ohio; over 81% responded. Damage was reported by 43.1% of Christmas tree growers, 4l.3% of orchardists and 32.5% of nurserymen. Most commonly reported by orchardists as damaged were apples (Malus spp.)s by Christmas tree growers were white pines (Pinus strobus), and by nurserymen were maples (Acer spp.)o Young plants (x̅ = 7.5 years) were more commonly damaged than older plants of all species. Seasonal damage was most common in spring …

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Preventive Control Of Pest Rodents, Walter E. Howard Sep 1985

Preventive Control Of Pest Rodents, Walter E. Howard

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

With "preventive control" of pest rodents, by using rodent bait boxes (stations) on a permanent basis, there is no longer any biological, ecological, or economic reason for rodent pests or health problems to occur in villages, cities, and intensively cultivated agricultural areas, but not pastures or forests. Such pest rodents can usually be eliminated without endangering non-target species, quite inexpensively, simply, and in a more environmentally desirable manner than most current practices, where the pest rodents are not controlled until populations have built up, which requires large amounts of rodenticides. With preventive control, once the pest rodents have been controlled …

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Participants Sep 1985

Participants

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

List of participants

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The Effects Of Canada Goose Grazing On Winter Wheat: An Experimental Approach, Hubert A. Allen Jr., David Sammons, Russell Brinsfield Sep 1985

The Effects Of Canada Goose Grazing On Winter Wheat: An Experimental Approach, Hubert A. Allen Jr., David Sammons, Russell Brinsfield

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

The effects of grazing winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) by Canada geese (Branta canadensis) was assessed in 3 fields during 2 years of experimentation at the Wye Research and Education Center, Queenstown, Maryland. Randomly placed wire enclosures prevented goose grazing on 11.1 m sq. control plots. Grazed plots were marked in each field soon after the geese migrated in March. Grazed plots had consistently lower yields than un-grazed plots with mean differences ranging from 0-13%. The differences were related to the intensity of grazing. Other parameters, including mean weight per seed, mean number of seeds per spike, …

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Comparisons Of Strychnine And Zinc Phosphide In Prairie Dog Control, H. Todd Holbrook, Robert M. Timm Sep 1985

Comparisons Of Strychnine And Zinc Phosphide In Prairie Dog Control, H. Todd Holbrook, Robert M. Timm

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Efficacy and safety are primary considerations in registration and use of toxicants for vertebrate pest control. Strychnine (0.5%) and zinc phosphide (2%) are currently registered by EPA for prairie dog control, but continued registration is uncertain. Two percent zinc phosphide bait has been suspected of producing lower and more erratic results than strychnine bait. In our study in western Nebraska in fall 1984, indices based on changes in burrow activity showed no difference in efficacy (P=0.66) or variability (P=0.7) of control for strychnine and zinc phosphide, however neither toxicant consistently gave effective control of blackballed prairie dogs. Costs for proper …

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The Whooping Crane Cross-Fostering Experiment: The Role Of Animal Damage Control, Roderick C. Drewien, Stephen H. Bouffard, Desmond D. Call, Richard A. Wonacott Sep 1985

The Whooping Crane Cross-Fostering Experiment: The Role Of Animal Damage Control, Roderick C. Drewien, Stephen H. Bouffard, Desmond D. Call, Richard A. Wonacott

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Predator losses of endangered species in reintroduction programs are unacceptable because of the scarcity of the species and the major commitment of staff time and funds. When the whooping crane (Grus americana) cross-fostering experiment (experiment) at Grays Lake National Wildlife Refuge (Grays Lake), Idaho was proposed in 1972, animal damage control (ADC) was considered unnecessary. Sandhill crane (G. canadensis tabida) nest success was high and coyotes (Canis latrans) and red foxes (Vulpes Vulpes) were uncommon. Canids increased by the mid-1970's destroying whooping crane eggs and chicks. An ADC program initiated in 1976 …

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Dispersing Blackbird-Starling Roosts With Helium-Filled Balloons, Donald F. Mott Sep 1985

Dispersing Blackbird-Starling Roosts With Helium-Filled Balloons, Donald F. Mott

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Large (120 cm diameter) helium-filled balloons (2-10 per ha of roost) tethered about 8 m above the vegetation were effective in dispersing blackbirds and starlings from roosting sites. Bird population estimates before, during, and after balloon exposure showed that the balloons frightened the birds and caused most of them to abandon the roost. Roosting bird numbers at each of 5 test roost sites (0.3 to 1.7 ha) were reduced an average of 82% (min-max 47-100%) during 3 to 4 evenings of balloon exposure. Winds >16 km/h during the study made it difficult to keep the balloons aloft and not entangled …

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Apparent Efficacy Of Bird Aircraft Strike Hazard Programs At Four Naval Air Stations, Thomas C. Walker, C. Willard Bennett Sep 1985

Apparent Efficacy Of Bird Aircraft Strike Hazard Programs At Four Naval Air Stations, Thomas C. Walker, C. Willard Bennett

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

The Department of the Navy implemented its present mandatory bird-aircraft strike reporting system in 1981. Reported bird-aircraft strikes have increased each year, presumably due to increased awareness and compliance with regulations. Four Naval air stations implementing bird-aircraft strike hazard reduction programs in 1984 reported 57-78% fewer strikes in 1984 than in 1983.

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Commercial Wildlife Pest Control Permits
—An Alternative Approach—, Gerard W. Wendt Sep 1985

Commercial Wildlife Pest Control Permits—An Alternative Approach—, Gerard W. Wendt

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

The Pennsylvania Game Commission has, throughout our existence, tried many new approaches to solve our wildlife/ human conflicts. In recent years, the District Game Protector has been plagued with calls requesting help with nuisance wildlife, especially in the high population urban areas. While the law provides for methods of dealing with deer and bear which cause damage to crops and related materials, little is included to simplify the situation created by small mammal wildlife pests. With limited manpower available, which has been further complicated as a result of the Supreme Court ruling regarding the Fair Labor Standards Act and overtime …

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Air Force Problems With Birds In Hangars, Timothy J. Will Sep 1985

Air Force Problems With Birds In Hangars, Timothy J. Will

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

The Air Force's Bird-Aircraft Strike Hazard (BASH) Team has been dealing with bird hazards to aircraft for over ten years, primarily through awareness programs, direct assistance to military bases, and through R&D aimed at world-wide BASH reduction. As with any problem where a biological system (in this case, birds) is involved, diversification is important in developing solutions. The BASH Team has recommended a variety of methods for working with hazards from birds. One area of particular concern is the nuisance of pest birds in hangars. These structures are extremely alluring to birds, which seek the roof-supporting I-beams and bars for …

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Role Of The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency In Wildife Damage Control, William W. Jacobs Sep 1985

Role Of The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency In Wildife Damage Control, William W. Jacobs

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is the Federal agency in charge of pesticide registration,. Therefore, EPA has ultimate regulatory authority over the pesticide compounds used for wildlife damage control.

Pesticides are regulated under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)o Pesticides may be cleared for use in the United States under Sections 3, 5, 18, and 24(c) of FIFRA.

Section 3 contains provisions for full federal registration,. Products registered under Section 3 may be used throughout the country, subject to conditions and limitations of use specified on the product label and State requirements. To be registered under Section 3, …

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Role And Responsibilities Of Agencies For Wildlife Damage Control, Hal S. Atkinson Jr. Sep 1985

Role And Responsibilities Of Agencies For Wildlife Damage Control, Hal S. Atkinson Jr.

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

The wildlife resources of the State belong to the people of the state as a whole. The Wildlife Resources Commission is charged with the stewardship of these resources and is empowered by general statute to promulgate those regulations deemed necessary to accomplish this charge.

The Commission administers a management program designed to maintain wildlife populations at acceptable levels from both the sportsman's and landowners perspective. However, at times, both game and non-game species are involved in various conflicts with our human population. Our general statutes allow an owner or lessee of property to take without prior state approval any wildlife …

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Relationship Between Seasonal Changes In Forage Quality And Feeding Patterns In Meadow Voles (Microtus Pennsylvanicus), Ronald J. Brooks, Stephen A. Struger Sep 1985

Relationship Between Seasonal Changes In Forage Quality And Feeding Patterns In Meadow Voles (Microtus Pennsylvanicus), Ronald J. Brooks, Stephen A. Struger

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Forage analyses revealed that mowed orchards provide a relatively high quality forage to meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus), especially in the fall. Mowed forage was characterized by significantly higher protein and moisture content and significantly lower acid and neutral detergent fibre and lignin than forage from an abandoned orchard. Energy and fat were not significantly affected by mowing.. However, vole numbers declined markedly in mowed regions in comparison to undisturbed areas. Voles preferred to inhabit areas with dense cover even though vegetative dieback had occurred. Voles did not exhibit any distinct preference for either cracked corn (rodenticide carrier agent) …

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Estimating Cost-Effectiveness Of Controlling Animal Damage To Conifer Seedlings, David S. Decalesta Sep 1985

Estimating Cost-Effectiveness Of Controlling Animal Damage To Conifer Seedlings, David S. Decalesta

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

A model for determining the benefit-cost ratio of controlling damage by vertebrate pests to conifer seedlings requires knowledge of the amount, distribution, and duration of animal damage, reduction in damage associated with control, costs of control, methodology and value of trees at harvest. Because control costs occurring in the present must be compared with savings recovered decades later in the future, the model incorporates procedures for discounting or adjusting future monetary benefits into present net worth valuations,, The model allows forest managers to evaluate a wide range of damage costs and savings accruing from use of various control techniques. The …

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An Evaluation Of Visual And Auditory Electronic Devices To Repel Deer, R. Blake Roper, Edward P. Hill Sep 1985

An Evaluation Of Visual And Auditory Electronic Devices To Repel Deer, R. Blake Roper, Edward P. Hill

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

An electronic device that emitted auditory and visual stimuli was evaluated for repelling deer from hardwood plantations and soybean fields in Southwest Alabama from February 1976 through March 1978. Repellent effectiveness in hardwood plantations and in soybean fields was determined by comparing browsing damage on areas treated with the repellent stimuli against damage on control areas.

No difference (P < 0.05) was detected in browsing damage between treated and control areas in either hardwood plantations or soybean fields. Browsing damage on soybeans continued when electronic stimuli were combined with electric fences, human scent rags, and periodic shooting, demonstrating the high degree of adaptability of the white-tailed deer as they attempt to utilize an available food supply.

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Wildlife Damage Control - The Role And Responsibility Of The U.S. Fish And Wildlife Service, Leroy W. Sowl Sep 1985

Wildlife Damage Control - The Role And Responsibility Of The U.S. Fish And Wildlife Service, Leroy W. Sowl

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

The doctrine of State ownership of wildlife was a part of the body of English common law transplanted to these shores by the original English settlers. The Crown conveyed ownership of many natural resources, and included wildlife in the patents it issued to the proprietors of plantations and colonies. When the provinces became States, they inherited ownership of wildlife.

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Economic And Environmental Impacts Of Beavers In North Carolina, David K. Woodward, Robert B. Hazel, Brian P. Gaffney Sep 1985

Economic And Environmental Impacts Of Beavers In North Carolina, David K. Woodward, Robert B. Hazel, Brian P. Gaffney

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

In 1984, a postal survey of landowners and managers was conducted in North Carolina concerning the presence of beavers (Castor canadensis) on their property. Major objectives of the survey were to determine: (1) current distribution and relative abundance of beavers in North Carolina, (2) the economic and environmental impacts from an apparently increasing beaver population, and (3) landowner attitudes toward these increasing populations. Of the 1,069 questionnaires returned, data was compiled from 456 landowners (43 percent) who confirmed the presence of beaver activity on their property during 1983. A significant increase in beaver numbers and distribution has occurred throughout much …

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Session Moderators Sep 1985

Session Moderators

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Session Moderators

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