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Articles 6781 - 6810 of 7823

Full-Text Articles in Environmental Health and Protection

Big Game Depredations And Damage Compensation In Wyoming, John R. Demaree Dec 1985

Big Game Depredations And Damage Compensation In Wyoming, John R. Demaree

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The Wyoming Game and Fish Department is responsible for controlling depredations by big game, trophy game, and game birds. Under certain guidelines landowners can submit a claim to the department for compensation from wildlife depredations. Measures used by department personnel to prevent wildlife damage are the use of scare devices, harassment techniques, repellents, fencing, trapping, issuing of kill permits, and modifying hunting seasons. In evaluating the damage to estimate monetary losses, sources of information used include AUM's, consumptive rates, fecal analysis, enclosures, production records, and necropsies. In terms of depredation compensation, the most costly species to the department over the …

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Deer Damage Prevention Efforts In Pennsylvania, Jack M. Payee, William L. Palmer Dec 1985

Deer Damage Prevention Efforts In Pennsylvania, Jack M. Payee, William L. Palmer

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Research at the Pennsylvania State University was directed towards finding effective repellents to control damage caused by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and to develop a low-cost alternative to the traditional 2.4 m woven wire barrier fence, considered to be deer-proof, but too expensive for mgt agricultural uses. Fourteen repellents were screened and 9 were found to be more effective than the others. These 9 repellents were further investigated under semi-field conditions and only 1 repellent was found to be consistent in reducing deer feeding. A vertical electric deer fence was effective in excluding deer at field sites containing alfalfa, small …

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The Use Of Population Reduction As A Technique To Combat Rabies In Alberta, Canada, Richard C. Rosatte Dec 1985

The Use Of Population Reduction As A Technique To Combat Rabies In Alberta, Canada, Richard C. Rosatte

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Control of rabies by reducing the density of potential vectors has been a controversial matter. Only 2 outbreaks of rabies in Europe are likely to have been completely eradicated by control, 1 in Dijon, France, in 1923, and the other in Corsica in 1943 (MacDonald 1980). Schnurrenberger et aL (1964) apparently controlled an outbreak of rabies in striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) in Ohio by gassing dens and through the use of poison. An invasion of red fox (Vulpes vulpesl rabies in southern Jutland from Demark was initially halted by a gassing and poisoning campaign. However, in Great Britain, despite the …

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Wildlife Damage Control Program Needs Of County Extension Agents In Colorado, William F. Andelt Dec 1985

Wildlife Damage Control Program Needs Of County Extension Agents In Colorado, William F. Andelt

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

County extension agents in Colorado indicated that extension bulletins were the most important type of assistance needed for their clientele in the area of wildlife damage control. County extension agents indicated that pocket gophers, prairie dogs, skunks, and coyotes were the most important of 32 species requiring extension information for their clientele.

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Opening Address: The Importance Of Wildlife Damage Control In Texas, Zerle L. Carpenter Dec 1985

Opening Address: The Importance Of Wildlife Damage Control In Texas, Zerle L. Carpenter

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Let me first indicate that I have been interested in wildlife damage control programs for a good part of my life. My first experience, at the tender age of 6 years, was hard to accept when coyotes killed my 4-H pig. The importance of wildlife damage control has been clear to me since that time. Unfortunately, the importance of control is not often clear to those people who have not directly experienced wildlife damage.

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Wildlife Diseases And Human Health, Keith A. Clark Dec 1985

Wildlife Diseases And Human Health, Keith A. Clark

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Zoonoses (singular, zoonosis) are diseases transmissible from animals to man. There are over 200 such diseases; many are harbored by wildlife reservoirs. A reservoir may be defined as a source which maintains the presence of a disease in an ecosystem. Wildlife-associated "zoonoses found in Texas include rabies, plague, tularemia, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Lyme disease, leptospirosis, relapsing fever, typhus, and leprosy. The mission of the Zoonosis Control Division of the Texas Department of Health is to protect the health of Texas citizens against zoonoses. Surveillance programs for various diseases are an integral part of the overall control programs, which include …

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Coyote Vulnerability To Several Management Techniques, Frederick F. Knowlton, Lamer A. Windberg, Cram E. Wahlgren Dec 1985

Coyote Vulnerability To Several Management Techniques, Frederick F. Knowlton, Lamer A. Windberg, Cram E. Wahlgren

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

We appreciate this opportunity to present a brief synopsis of a complex field study recently completed near Laredo, Texas. It provides a preliminary assessment of differences in coyote vulnerability to several management tools At this point, our analyses are incomplete and interpretations are tentative, at best Nonetheless, the data provide some insights and a basis for speculations and questions about coyote behavior, population processes, and the logistics of coyote population reduction. This research was sponsored by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (through the Predator Ecology and Behavior Project) and the Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute, with generous assistance from …

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Efficacy And Farmer Acceptance Of Nonlethal Control Of Blackbird Depredations To Small Grain Crops, Albert E. Bivings Dec 1985

Efficacy And Farmer Acceptance Of Nonlethal Control Of Blackbird Depredations To Small Grain Crops, Albert E. Bivings

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

In 1980, Congress responded to complaints of migratory bird damage to grain crops, principally rice, with added funding for enhanced Animal Damage Control (ADC) programs in Arkansas and Louisiana. This resulted in the establishment of an office in Stuttgart, Arkansas and a similar office in Crowley, Louisiana. Enabling legislation specifically directs the principal focus to be on rice/blackbird conflicts. This paper will present a review of the problems addressed in Arkansas, techniques utilized and the author's assessment of their efficacy and acceptability.

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Use Of Video Tapes In Wildlife Damage Extension - Education, F. Robert Henderson, Bart Hettenbach Dec 1985

Use Of Video Tapes In Wildlife Damage Extension - Education, F. Robert Henderson, Bart Hettenbach

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The purpose of this paper is to report on a telephone survey to 15 professional wildlife damage control workers in 9 of the 10 Great Plains states. North Dakota was the only state that was not contacted. In this survey we asked the following five questions: 1. Do you have any video tapes on wildlife damage control? 2. How many counties are there in your state? 3. How many County Extension Offices have videocassette recorders (VCRs)? 4. What is your opinion of video tapes? 5. Do you see a future for VCRs in wildlife damage control extension education? Another purpose …

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Incidence And Significance Of G I Ardia Lamblia ( Lambl) In Texas Beaver Populations, Robert Beach, William F. Mcculloch Dec 1985

Incidence And Significance Of G I Ardia Lamblia ( Lambl) In Texas Beaver Populations, Robert Beach, William F. Mcculloch

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The Giardia lamblia (Lambl) protozoan is not a recently discovered parasite. It was. in fact, one of the first organisms viewed and described by Antony van Leeuwenhoek (1681) as he designed the first usable microscope. Leeuwenhoek found this organism in a sample of his own diarrhetic stool and thus he constitutes the first confirmed case of human giar- His finding represents proof of glardiasis! close association with man for many years. LecuwenhoeW discovery of the giardial trophozotte was not elaborated on for some 178 years, however, as it was not until 1859 that Wilhelm D. Jambi systematically described the organism …

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Proceedings Of The Second Eastern Wildilfe Damage Control Conference (Complete Volume), Peter T. Bromley (Edited By) Sep 1985

Proceedings Of The Second Eastern Wildilfe Damage Control Conference (Complete Volume), Peter T. Bromley (Edited By)

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

The papers and abstracts of the proceedings were reproduced from camera-ready materials provided by the authors. The quality of the published proceedings is a credit to the authors, who followed editorial directions very well and who painstakingly reviewed their papers. The proceedings contains only papers and abstracts submitted for publication; in a few instances authors did not provide papers or sent only an abstract, which would permit publication of their work in professional journals. Funds to support the publication were provided by North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, USDA Extension Service, USDA Forest Service and USDI Fish and Wildlife Service.

The …

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Reformulated 4-Aminopyridine Baits Cost-Effectively Reduce Blackbird Damage To Ripening Cornfields, Jerome F. Besser, John W. Degrazio Sep 1985

Reformulated 4-Aminopyridine Baits Cost-Effectively Reduce Blackbird Damage To Ripening Cornfields, Jerome F. Besser, John W. Degrazio

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

In 1984 4-aminopyridine baits, stabilized with hydrochloric acid, were appraised in ripening cornfields being attacked by blackbirds on the Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge., South Dakota. In 1982, i t had been discovered that 4-aminopyridine, the active agent in commercial Avitrol® baits for crop protection rapidly vaporized at summer storage and field baiting temperatures.

In July, baiting lanes were created in 12 cornfields by destroying every 55th row. In August after a 3-day pretreatment period, fields were baited with Avitrol® FC Corn Chops-99 for a 2-week period when corn was most vulnerable to damage. Bait was applied from baiting lanes …

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Birds In Hangars - A Messy Problem, Albert E. Bivings Iv Sep 1985

Birds In Hangars - A Messy Problem, Albert E. Bivings Iv

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Pest birds in hangars and similar man-made structures pose specific health hazards as well as nuisance and corrosion problems. While lethal control or a scaring program may be the best technique for some locations, neither address the long-term problem of the basic attractiveness of these structures to birds. The best long-term solution usually is to exclude the birds with permanently installed plastic or nylon netting. Several methods to accomplish this are discussed.

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Public Tolerance Of A Suburban Deer Herd: Implications For Control, Daniel J. Decker, Thomas A. Gavin Sep 1985

Public Tolerance Of A Suburban Deer Herd: Implications For Control, Daniel J. Decker, Thomas A. Gavin

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Suburban deer populations have been increasing in the eastern U.S., resulting in deer-human conflicts that can not always be resolved by a traditional management approach., Professionals responsible for management of deer damage (herd control and extension education) need information on the extent and nature of deer damage in suburban situations. Attitudes of suburban residential property owners about wildlife in general and deer in particular must be identified so that control measures that are socially acceptable as well as biologically feasible can be formulated o People's tolerance of deer damage and their propensity for undertaking on-site preventive measures need to be …

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An Investigation Of Techniques Used To Discourage Rebuilding Of Beaver Dams Demolished By Explosives, James M. Dyer, Charles E. Rowell Sep 1985

An Investigation Of Techniques Used To Discourage Rebuilding Of Beaver Dams Demolished By Explosives, James M. Dyer, Charles E. Rowell

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

One hundred seventeen beaver dams were partially or wholly demolished with explosives from April through August between 1982 and 1984. These dams were of two types; shallow water dams found in areas of flat terrain, and deep water dams found in major creek channels or in areas of hilly terrain. Following demolition, various treatments were applied to the dam sites to try to retard rebuilding. Our conclusions are that deep water dams can be removed more effectively than shallow water dams and that late summer removals were rebuilt less frequently than early and midsummer removals. Also, certain types of repellents …

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Current Status Of Deer Fencing In The Northeast, Mark R. Ellingwood, Jay B. Mcaninch, Michael J. Fargione Sep 1985

Current Status Of Deer Fencing In The Northeast, Mark R. Ellingwood, Jay B. Mcaninch, Michael J. Fargione

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

The recent development of high tensile electric fencing for controlling deer damage has led to the installation of these fence designs throughout the Northeast. In May 1984. 55 surveys were sent to individuals in 10 states who were known to have recently constructed deer fences. Sixty-seven percent of the surveys were returned and a variety of fence-related data were generated. These include information on deer damage, a general description of fence designs being utilized, information concerning fence voltage, data on fence maintenance and several questions on fence performance, owner satisfaction, and the cost/benefits of deer damage control. The majority of …

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Wildlife Damage Control And The Wildlife Society, Thomas M. Franklin Sep 1985

Wildlife Damage Control And The Wildlife Society, Thomas M. Franklin

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Wildlife damage control is recognized by The Wildlife Society as an essential and responsible segment of the wildlife profession. At least since 1959, Society committees have addressed elements of wildlife damage control (although wildlife damage control was not always the specific term used). The Wildlife Society Council first approved an "Animal Damage Control" position statement in 1968. In March 1985, Council updated and renamed it "Wildlife Damage Control" to emphasize our positive approach to this important segment of wildlife management. The official position statement was published in The Wildlifer (May-June 1985) and is reprinted below.

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Frontmatter And Contents Sep 1985

Frontmatter And Contents

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND EASTERN WILDILFE DAMAGE CONTROL CONFERENCE

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Dispersal Of A Heron-Egret Rookery, Douglas I. Hall Sep 1985

Dispersal Of A Heron-Egret Rookery, Douglas I. Hall

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

A rookery composed of an estimated 10,000 herons and egrets (family: Ardeidae) located in Van Buren, Crawford County, Arkansas was successfully dispersed in the Spring of 1983. A diversified scaring program was planned and initiated prior to the onset of courtship display and nest building. The roost relocation was subsequently followed by habitat alteration procedures to make the 5-acre stand of primarily Eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana) unattractive as a future roosting site. Although no nesting occurred at the site in 1983, the lack of an early scaring program in the Spring of 1984 resulted in the uncleared portion …

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Repellents For Rodents In Conservation-Tillage Agriculture, Ron J. Johnson Sep 1985

Repellents For Rodents In Conservation-Tillage Agriculture, Ron J. Johnson

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

In response to a need for a safe and effective method of reducing rodent damage to newly planted corn in conservation-tillage fields, too chemicals, thiram (tetramethylthiuram disulfide) and methiocarb (3, 5-dimethyl 1-4-methylthio] phenol methylcarbamate), were coated on untreated seed corn for evaluation as repellents and agents for conditioned aversion, Results of field-enclosure and other studies indicate that 1.25% thiram by weight repels thirteen-lined ground squirrels and causes no phytotoxicity. Lower thiram rates tested (0.08, 0.4, 0.8%) were ineffective, Methiocarb rates of 2.5 and 5.0% repelled thirteen-lined ground squirrels, but these rates may significantly reduce corn stand counts under some conditions, …

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The Role Of State And Wildlife Agencies In Wildlife Damage Control, Charles D. Kelly Sep 1985

The Role Of State And Wildlife Agencies In Wildlife Damage Control, Charles D. Kelly

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

The Alabama Game and Fish Division is responsible for the stewardship of the wildlife and fisheries resources in the state. Within this context and the cooperative efforts with other agencies that have dealings with animal damage, the Division develops, permits, approves and administers control of both game and non-game (except migratory) species of wildlife.

Animal control complaints fall into two major areas - crop damage and nuisance animals. Nuisance animals, with some exceptions, are bats, armadillos, alligators, woodpeckers, snakes, birds that roost or nest in rookeries. Squirrels, bears, rabbits are the cause of both nuisanced crop damage complaints. Deer, beaver, …

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The Role Of The Indiana Division Of Fish And Wildlife In Wildlife Damage Control, Glenn Lange Sep 1985

The Role Of The Indiana Division Of Fish And Wildlife In Wildlife Damage Control, Glenn Lange

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

As defined by state statue, the Division of Fish and Wildlife is responsible for the protection, reproduction, care, management, survival, and regulation of all wildlife populations. By law, the Division must take a leading role in solving wildlife damage problems when they occur.

In Indiana, wildlife damage or nuisance animal problems takes two forms: damage from individual birds or mammals that are in the wrong place at the wrong time (such as raccoons nesting in an attic) and damage from bird or mammal populations that have grown large enough to cause serious economic losses for agricultural, forestry, or other land …

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Assessing Deer Damage In Young Fruit Orchards, Jay B. Mcaninch, Mark R. Ellingwood, Michael J. Fargione, Peter Picone Sep 1985

Assessing Deer Damage In Young Fruit Orchards, Jay B. Mcaninch, Mark R. Ellingwood, Michael J. Fargione, Peter Picone

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Evaluations of systematic damage assessments of 5, 10 and 20 percent of all apple trees in 12 orchards were compared. The 10% assessment technique was selected as the most accurate and efficient in estimating summer and fall damage. Analysis of several parameters of tree vigor found significant differences between browsed and unbrowsed trees for tree basal diameter and central leader diameter over 2 successive years. These subtle yet important differences in tree development were felt to severely limit the possibilities of relating browsing to growth and. later, yields. Methods and considerations for making control decisions on a per acre basis …

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Role And Responsibilities Of Agencies For Wildlife Damage Control, James E. Miller Sep 1985

Role And Responsibilities Of Agencies For Wildlife Damage Control, James E. Miller

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

"A well balanced wildlife management program includes research, the acquisition of land, the development of habitat, the careful regulation of hunting or harvest, the protection of certain species, the enforcement of laws — and — the control of animal depredations. Though necessary, this is among the least popular and most controversial of the wildlife management functions. It is, nevertheless, one of the activities which a responsible agency must undertake." This statement is a direct quote from the International Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies' (IAFWA) Position Paper on Animal Damage Control (1981).

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Animal Damage Control And The Endangered Species Act, Warren T. Parker Sep 1985

Animal Damage Control And The Endangered Species Act, Warren T. Parker

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

The premise of the Endangered Species Act is that all wildlife are valuable natural resources and the extinction of species in the name of progress must be halted. To achieve this end, Congress requires all Federal agencies to consult with the Fish and Wildlife Service when any of their programs or projects affect a listed endangered or threatened species. Problems of special interest to this conference are those that project an endangered or threatened species indirect conflict with man.

Undoubtedly the most publicized of these conflicts has involved the threatened timber wolf and the livestock producers of northern Minnesota. This …

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Vole Control In The Eastern United States, Richard M. Poche, Robert Sharp Sep 1985

Vole Control In The Eastern United States, Richard M. Poche, Robert Sharp

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

The meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus) and pine vole (M. pinetorum) are major pests in fruit orchards in the eastern U.S. These species damage trees by gnawing the bark or root systems during the winter months, thus, reducing the fruit yields or in many cases actually killing the trees. Orchard owners generally use an integrated pest management approach involving a combination of methods: (1) cultural practices such as reducing favorable vole habitat, thereby, limiting the carrying capacity, (2) mechanical control through the use of tree guards or trapping techniques, and (3) the use of rodenticides, both acute …

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Histoplasmosis And Its Impact On Blackbird/Starling Roost Management, A.R. Stickley Jr., R.J. Weeks Sep 1985

Histoplasmosis And Its Impact On Blackbird/Starling Roost Management, A.R. Stickley Jr., R.J. Weeks

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Histoplasmosis is a common and sometimes serious fungal disease that primarily affects the lungs, but can also involve other parts of the human body. The disease is characterized by 3 major forms: acute pulmonary, chronic cavitary, and disseminated histoplasmos is. Two fungicides are effective in treatment of the disease, but serious side effects often result. The occurrence of the fungus, Histoplasma capsulatum, is associated with large quantities of bird and bat excreta that have come in contact with soil. Roost sites must generally be occupied by birds for at least 3 years before soil conditions are conducive to its …

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Utilizing A Computerized Fish And Wildlife Information System To Solve Animal Damage Control Problems, Jefferson L. Waldon, Charles T. Cushwa, Peter T. Bromley Sep 1985

Utilizing A Computerized Fish And Wildlife Information System To Solve Animal Damage Control Problems, Jefferson L. Waldon, Charles T. Cushwa, Peter T. Bromley

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Animal damage control professionals are faced with the monumental task of absorbing an enormous amount of literature about animal species. For example, one person cannot become an expert on all facets of dozens of species, much less the 1000 or more fish, reptiles, amphibians, mammals, and birds that fall under the wildlifer's jurisdiction. An important new aid to the wildlife damage control specialist is the computerized fish and wildlife information system (CFWIS). A CFWIS is a tool for systematically compiling and managing information about animal species which reside in a state. Cushwa and Kopf (1984) summarized the development of state …

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Management Of Nuisance Canada Goose Flocks, Michael R. Conover Sep 1985

Management Of Nuisance Canada Goose Flocks, Michael R. Conover

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

In recent years, non-migratory flocks of Canada Geese have become established in some urban and suburban areas. These birds often become a serious nuisance when they litter backyards, parks and beaches with fecal material, creating a potential health hazard especially for young children. To determine the scope of the problem, I surveyed golf course managers in the eastern U.S. to see if they were experiencing a problem with geese. This survey showed that this problem was widespread, occurring throughout the eastern U.S., and appeared to be increasing. Twenty-six percent of all respondents reported nuisance goose problems and were willing to …

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Preparation And Analysis Of Alternative 4-Ap Baits For Blackbirds, J.E. Davis Sep 1985

Preparation And Analysis Of Alternative 4-Ap Baits For Blackbirds, J.E. Davis

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Red-winged blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) acceptance of corn as a bait for use in ripening sunflower has been questioned. This study demonstrated that sunflower meats, sunflower achenes, and pearled barley all have potential as alternative bait carriers for 4-AP. Each can be treated with 4-AP so that individual bait particles carry dosages equivalent to those of cracked corn in the registered product, Avitrol FC Corn Chops 99S. Treated baits produced a distress response in redwings in times ranging from 21.7 min (sunflower meats) to 64.5 min (sunflower achenes). The time to distress elicited by sunflower meats coated with 4-AP …

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