Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene Commons^™

Sperm Aneuploidy In Faroese Men With Lifetime Exposure To Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (Dde) And Polychlorinated Biphenyl (Pcb) Pollutants., Melissa J Perry, Heather A Young, Philippe Grandjean, Jónrit Halling, Maria S Petersen, Sheena E Martenies, Parisa Karimi, Pál Weihe

Environmental and Occupational Health Faculty Publications

Background: Although it is known that sperm aneuploidy contributes to early pregnancy losses and congenital abnormalities, the causes are unknown and environmental contaminants are suspected.

Objectives: Our goal was to evaluate associations between lifetime exposure to organochlorines, specifically dichlorodiphenyldicholorethylene (p,p´-DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and sperm aneuploidy in men from the general population of the Faroe Islands, a population with a known history of organochlorine exposures.

Methods: Serum and semen samples from men (n = 90) 22–44 years old who participated in Faroe Islands health studies were analyzed for p,p´-DDE and PCBs 118, 138, 153, and …

Separate F-Type Plasmids Have Shaped The Evolution Of The H30 Subclone Of Escherichia Coli Sequence Type 131., Timothy J Johnson, Jessica L Danzeisen, Bonnie Youmans, Kyle Case, Katharine Llop, Jeannette Munoz-Aguayo, Cristian Flores-Figueroa, Maliha Aziz, Nicole Stoesser, Evgeni Sokurenko, Lance B. Price, James R Johnson

Environmental and Occupational Health Faculty Publications

The extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) H30 subclone of sequence type 131 (ST131-H30) has emerged abruptly as a dominant lineage of ExPEC responsible for human disease. The ST131-H30 lineage has been well described phylogenetically, yet its plasmid complement is not fully understood. Here, single-molecule, real-time sequencing was used to generate the complete plasmid sequences of ST131-H30 isolates and those belonging to other ST131 clades. Comparative analyses revealed separate F-type plasmids that have shaped the evolution of the main fluoroquinolone-resistant ST131-H30 clades. Specifically, an F1:A2:B20 plasmid is strongly associated with the H …

Occupational Risks And Hazards Associated With Firefighting, Laura Walker

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

Annually about 100 firefighters die in the line duty, in the United States. Firefighters know it is a hazardous occupation. Firefighters know the only way to reduce the number of deaths is to change the way the firefighter (FF) operates. Changing the way a firefighter operates starts by utilizing traditional industrial hygiene tactics, anticipating, recognizing, evaluating and controlling the hazard. Basic information and history of the fire service is necessary to evaluate FF hazards. An electronic survey was distributed to FFs. The first question was, “What are the health and safety risks of a firefighter?” Hypothetically heart attacks and new …

Comparison Of Two Surface Contamination Sampling Techniques Conducted For The Characterization Of Two Pajarito Site Manhattan Project National Historic Park Properties, Lopez Tammy

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

Technical Area-18 (TA-18), also known as Pajarito Site, is located on Los Alamos National Laboratory property and has historic buildings that will be included in the Manhattan Project National Historic Park. Characterization studies of metal contamination were needed in two of the four buildings that are on the historic registry in this area, a “battleship” bunker building (TA-18-0002) and the Pond cabin (TA-18-0029). However, these two buildings have been exposed to the elements, are decades old, and have porous and rough surfaces (wood and concrete). Due to these conditions, it was questioned whether standard wipe sampling would be adequate to …

What Percentage Of The Security Forces At Macdill Afb Experience Exposure To Noise In Excess Of The Osha Pel And The Air Force Oeel?, Julian Joseph Krusely

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Noise-related hearing loss has been listed as one of the most prevalent occupational health concerns in the United States for more than 25 years with approximately 30 million people in the US alone occupationally exposed to hazardous noise according to the Occupational Safety and Health Organization. Many people are aware of some risks the military members take every day being at war, but very few think about the risks of the members on a base located stateside. To this point, not much research has been done on these risks, and even less has been done on the hazardous noise risks …

Evaluation Of Libby Amphibole Asbestos In Three Media Sources Via Polarized Light Microscopy And Transmission Electron Microscopy, Kalli Mccloskey

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

Studies have shown that the town of Libby, Montana and surrounding forested areas have been contaminated with Libby amphibole asbestos (LA) by activity from the vermiculite mine located northeast of Libby. The mine was in production from the 1920s until its closing in 1990. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) created the operable units (OU) within the superfund site due to the LA contamination. In addition to the work completed in this research, previous studies have shown that there is an exposure pathway for the United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (USFS) personnel tasked with forest maintenance in …

Noise Exposure In Electric And Natural Gas Utility Transmission And Distribution Operations, Christi Cole

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

Noise exposures were measured in the electric and natural gas distribution operations workforce of a large Midwestern utility. Both personal dosimetry and area monitoring were utilized to evaluate noise exposures based on job classification as well as operation of specific equipment or performance of certain tasks. Job classifications were chosen for study based on observable noise exposures and employee requests. Five job classifications were sampled with 90% confidence according to NIOSH guidelines for sample sizes. Three of the five job classifications were previously enrolled in the company hearing conservation program and two of them were not.

The study determined that …

Assessment Of Prolonged Occupational Exposure To Heat Stress, Ximena Garzon-Villalba Garzon-Villalba

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Heat stress is a recognized occupational hazard present in many work environments. Its effects increase with increasing environmental heat loads. There is good evidence that exertional heat illness is associated with ambient thermal conditions in outdoor environments. Further, there is reason to believe that risk of acute injury may also increase with the ambient environment. For these reasons, the assessment of heat stress, which can be done through the characterization of the wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT), is designed to limit exposures to those that could be sustained for an 8-h day. The ACGIH Threshold Limit Value (TLV) for heat …

Hexamethylene Diisocyanate Homopolymer And Monomer Exposure Assessment And Characterization At An Automobile Manufacturer In The United States, Karthik Reguram Sivaraman

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

A variety of paint products are used for their aesthetic and anti-corrosive properties. Isocyanates are consistently found in automobile paint products, particularly in clear coat polyurethane products. Clear coat is typically sprayed via pressurized air by means of an auto-spray robot. In clear coat repair situations, manual, air-powered spray guns are used, and manual spray Operators administer the clear coat material. The isocyanates are a primary anti-corrosive agent in polyurethane products. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has not established a Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL). The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and American Conference of Governmental …

Assessing Excessive Noise Exposure Of Music-Oriented Nightclub Employees, Aiyanna Fitzgerald

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Much research has gone into noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and the effects of high intensity noise levels on the hearing mechanism of individuals. A study by the National Institutes of Health has established that high intensity sounds can cause hearing damage of either a temporary, or worse, a permanent nature; regardless of the age of the person. While sound levels below 75 decibels are considered comparatively harmless and have been found not to cause any kind of permanent hearing loss; sound levels greater than 85 decibels and regular exposure of approximately 8 hours per day, on an average, has been …

Efficiency Evaluation Of N95 Ffrs Under Cyclic And Constant Flows, Ali Bahloul, Fariborz Haghighat, Reza Mostofi, Alireza Mahdavi, Claude Ostiguy

Rapports de recherche scientifique

On trouve des particules ultrafines (PUF), soit des particules dont le diamètre (D_p) est inférieur à 100 nm, dans de nombreux milieux de travail industriels, où leur inhalation peut, à long terme, causer de graves problèmes de santé. Dans certains contextes, les mesures d’ingénierie et les contrôles administratifs sont insuffisants pour protéger adéquatement les travailleurs contre l’exposition aux PUF. Un dispositif de protection personnel est alors requis, et les appareils de protection respiratoire à pièce faciale filtrante (APR) de type N95 sont ceux qu’utilisent le plus couramment les travailleurs de l’industrie et de la santé.

Une étude …

Household Clustering Of Escherichia Coli Sequence Type 131 Clinical And Fecal Isolates According To Whole Genome Sequence Analysis, James R. Johnson, Gregg Davis, Connie Clabots, Brian D. Johnston, Stephen Porter, Lance B. Price, +10 Additional Authors

Environmental and Occupational Health Faculty Publications

Background. Within-household sharing of strains from the resistance-associated H30R1 and H30Rx subclones of Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (ST131) has been inferred based on conventional typing data, but has been assessed minimally using whole genome sequence (WGS) analysis.

Methods. Thirty-three clinical and fecal isolates of ST131-H30R1 and ST131-H30Rx, from 20 humans and pets in six households, underwent WGS analysis for comparison with 52 published ST131 genomes. Phylogenetic relationships were inferred using a bootstrapped maximum likelihood tree based on core genome sequence polymorphisms. Accessory traits were compared between phylogenetically similar isolates.

Results. In the WGS-based …

Prerequisite Conditions For Implementing Job Rotation In An Aircraft Assembler Population In The Aerospace Industry: The Impact Of Quality Requirements On Development Of Versatility And The Learning Process, Denys Denis, Marie St-Vincent, Maud Gonella

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Une grande entreprise du secteur de l’aéronautique désire développer la polyvalence de ses assembleurs-monteurs par l’instauration de la rotation de postes. Convenant qu’il s’agit d’une problématique complexe, l’expertise de l’Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST) est sollicitée. La demande formulée consiste à identifier les conditions requises pour implanter la rotation des postes, souhaitant ainsi prévenir les TMS qui affectent cette population de travailleurs. Le département où sont assemblés les cabines de pilotage de deux des avions-phares de l’entreprise est ciblé à la fois de par les exigences physiques qui le caractérisent, sa …

Effect Of Ambient Particulate Matter 2.5 Micrometer (Pm2.5) To Prevalence Of Impaired Lung Function And Asthma In Tangerang And Makassar, Budi Haryanto, Budy Resosoedarmo, Sri Tjahjani Budi Utami, Budi Hartono, Ema Hermawati

Kesmas

Emisi partikel debu 2,5 mikrometer (PM2.5) meningkat dengan bertambahnya jumlah penduduk kota akibat peningkatan angka kendaraan bermotor sebagai transportasi penduduk sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat gangguan fungsi paru dan asma serta hubungannya dengan kadar ambien PM2.5 pada masyarakat migran di Tangerang dan Makassar dan kondisi sosial ekonomi. Desain potong lintang digunakan dengan melibatkan 4.250 dan 2.900 responden di Tangerang dan Makassar pada bulan April sampai September 2010. Pendekatan cluster sampling diterapkan. Pengukuran ambien PM2.5 di masing-masing kota berdasarkan koordinat 40 lokasi Global Positioning System (GPS). Kadar PM2.5 ditemukan lebih tinggi pada pagi hari dibandingkan siang hari di kedua …

Husband’S Support Towards Unmet Need Of Hiv Positive-Infected Women Of Childbearing Age, Sophia Sophia, Anita Deborah Anwar, Bony Wiem Lestari

Kesmas

Jutaan wanita usia subur (WUS) dengan HIV positif di negara berkembang saat ini tidak menggunakan kontrasepsi untuk menunda atau mengakhiri kehamilan. Pencegahan kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan pada WUS dengan HIV positif sangat penting untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup ibu dan anak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap unmet need pada WUS dengan HIV positif. Metode penelitian adalah cross sectional dengan sampel berjumlah 130 WUS dengan HIV positif yang diambil secara consecutive sampling. Penelitian dilakukan pada 24 Maret - 30 Juni 2015 di Klinik Mawar Kota Bandung. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner, kemudian data dianalisis dengan …

The Effect Of Structured Counseling Towards Knowledge, Attitude, And Participation Of Modern Contraceptive Among Unmet Need Couples, Herlina Simanjuntak, Bony Wiem Lestari, Anita Debora Anwar

Kesmas

Unmet need Keluarga Berencana (KB) masih tinggi di negara berkembang termasuk di Indonesia. Konseling kontrasepsi terstruktur berpotensi meningkatkan penggunaan kontrasepsi secara efektif, menjaga keberlangsungan penggunaan dan meningkatkan kepuasan klien. Selama ini seling kontrasepsi yang dilakukan belum optimal, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh konseling terstruktur terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan, sikap dan partisipasi kontrasepsi modern pada pasangan usia subur (PUS) yang unmet need. Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen semu dengan rancangan pretest-posttest dengan kelompok kontrol. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada periode Maret – Juni 2015. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan stratified random sampling pada 48 orang untuk kelompok perlakuan (konseling terstruktur) dan 48 orang …

Birth Intervals Among Multiparous Women In Indonesia, Dini Kurniawati, Sabarinah Prasetyo

Kesmas

Angka kematian ibu dan angka kematian bayi di Indonesia masih tinggi. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan tingginya risiko kematian pada ibu dan bayi adalah kelahiran terlalu dekat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari determinan jarak antarkelahiran pada perempuan multipara di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Survei Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2012 pada 9.945 perempuan multipara. Analisis data menggunakan uji Mann Whitney, Kruskal Wallis, dan regresi logistik. Median jarak antarkelahiran sebesar 62 bulan dan 22,8% perempuan memiliki jarak antarkelahiran kurang dari tiga tahun. Hasil menunjukkan determinan jarak antarkelahiran pendek meliputi pendidikan ibu, usia terakhir melahirkan, ukuran ideal keluarga, pemakaian kontrasepsi, riwayat kematian …

Impact Of Husband’S Participation In Antenatal Care On The Use Of Skilled Birth Attendant, Febri Wicaksono

Kesmas

Pendekatan alternatif diperlukan untuk mengatasi persoalan kesehatan reproduksi, salah satunya dengan meningkatkan partisipasi laki-laki pada kesehatan reproduksi perempuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelusuri dampak partisipasi suami dalam pelayanan antenatal pada penggunaan tenaga persalinan terlatih setelah mengontrol karakteristik sosial demografi. Sampel sebanyak 4.000 perempuan berusia 15 – 49 tahun yang memiliki persalinan terakhir pada tahun lalu sebelum survei diambil dari Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2012. Penelitian menggunakan model regresi logistik biner untuk mengidentifikasi dampak partisipasi suami dalam pelayanan antenatal pada penggunaan tenaga persalinan terlatih setelah mengontrol karakteristik ibu dan sosial demografi. Peluang setelah mengontrol faktor lainnya mengindikasikan perempuan yang …

Child Health Improvement Through Implementation Of Food Safety Model, Arief Safari, Machfud Machfud, Eriyatno Eriyatno, Heny Kuswanti Daryanto

Kesmas

Pemenuhan akan pangan merupakan komponen dasar untuk mewujudkan sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas. Namun, masih terdapat permasalahan dalam mewujudkannya, di antaranya masalah keamanan pangan dengan persentase kasus keracunan makanan masih tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis situasi pelaksanaan keamanan Pangan Jajanan Anak Sekolah (PJAS) yang ada saat ini dan memilih alternatif model keamanan pangan yang paling efektif dan efisien diterapkan di usaha mikro kecil (UMK) guna meningkatkan keamanan pangan yang dihasilkannya sehingga terjadi peningkatan kesehatan anak. Penelitian dilakukan pada kuartal II tahun 2015 sampai dengan awal kuartal III tahun 2015 melalui survei lapangan dan survei pakar dengan mengambil studi kasus …

Housewives’ Compliance In Reading Food Labels In Gorontalo City, Imran Tumenggung, Lucky Herawati, Sofyawati Talibo

Kesmas

Di Indonesia, masalah label pada kemasan makanan kurang mendapat perhatian konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari determinan kepatuhan membaca label pada kemasan makanan oleh ibu rumah tangga di Kota Gorontalo. Penelitian dengan metode survei ini dilakukan dari bulan Juni sampai Agustus 2013. Data dikumpulkan secara potong lintang dengan menggunakan angket. Variabel terikat adalah kepatuhan membaca label pada kemasan makanan yang terdiri dari label informasi nilai gizi, komposisi makanan, masa kedaluwarsa, harga, dan status halal. Variabel bebas adalah usia, tingkat pendidikan, dan keterpaparan dengan media informasi. Besar sampel 262 orang ditentukan secara accidental technique. Analisis data menggunakan uji kai kuadrat. Hasil …

Conditions Facilitant L’Appropriation De Démarches Préventives En Santé Psychologique Au Travail Par Les Gestionnaires, Caroline Biron, France St-Hilaire, Geneviève Baril-Gingras, Marie-Esther Paradis, Shirley Chabot, Rébecca Lefebvre, Hans Ivers, Michel Vézina, Pierre-Sébastien Fournier, Mahée Gilbert-Ouimet, Chantal Brisson

Rapports de recherche scientifique

De plus en plus d’évidences scientifiques montrent que les risques psychosociaux (RPS), tels une demande psychologique élevée, une faible latitude décisionnelle, un faible soutien social et un déséquilibre entre les efforts et la reconnaissance reçue au travail, contribuent au développement de problèmes de santé psychologique, de troubles musculosquelettiques de même que de maladies cardiovasculaires. Ces atteintes à la santé figurent parmi les principales causes d’absence du travail pour maladie. La littérature sur les interventions préventives en santé psychologique concerne principalement les interventions visant à modifier certaines caractéristiques individuelles (par exemple les habitudes de vie des travailleurs) plutôt que …

A Review Of Studies Of Ventilation And Indoor Air Quality In New Homes And Impacts Of Environmental Factors On Formaldehyde Emission Rates From Composite Wood Products, Francis (Bud) Offermann, Cheri Marcham

Publications

• While increasing outdoor air ventilation rates does reduce the indoor concentrations of air contaminants with indoor sources, the actual reductions in concentrations can differ significantly from those calculated with the assumption of a constant indoor emission rate.
• The ratio of actual to predicted concentration reductions for the low to high outdoor air ventilation modes ranged from 0.59 for formaldehyde to 1.37 for benzaldehyde.
• Increases in emission rates for compounds such as formaldehyde are consistent with mass transfer theory for emissions from materials such as composite wood where mass transfer is limited by gas-phase diffusion across the boundary layer.
• Decreases in …

A Lifetime Of Healthy Living: Unifying Awareness Of Healthy Living Among Appalachia's Diversified Community, Kyle M. Smith, Joy L. Gritton

Celebration of Student Scholarship Poster Sessions Archive

No abstract provided.

The Emergence Of Systematic Review In Toxicology, Martin L. Stephens, Kellyn Betts, Nancy Beck, Vincent Cogliano, Kay Dickersin, George Gray, +8 Additional Authors

Environmental and Occupational Health Faculty Publications

The Evidence-based Toxicology Collaboration hosted a workshop on “The Emergence of Systematic Review and Related Evidence-based Approaches in Toxicology,” on November 21, 2014 in Baltimore, Maryland. The workshop featured speakers from agencies and organizations applying systematic review approaches to questions in toxicology, speakers with experience in conducting systematic reviews in medicine and healthcare, and stakeholders in industry, government, academia, and non-governmental organizations. Based on the workshop presentations and discussion, here we address the state of systematic review methods in toxicology, historical antecedents in both medicine and toxicology, challenges to the translation of systematic review from medicine to toxicology, and thoughts …

Détection Des Microorganismes Par Fluorescence/Raman Uv Dans Des Aérosols, Des Suspensions Ou Sur Des Surfaces : Étude Exploratoire, Michaela Skulinova, Geneviève Marchand, Jean-François Gravel, Jacques Lavoie, Yves Cloutier

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Les microorganismes et leurs sous-produits sont présents dans tous les milieux de travail. Ils se retrouvent en suspension dans l’air, dans un liquide ou déposés sur des surfaces. Ils peuvent avoir des impacts importants sur les entreprises et la santé des travailleurs. Leur détection, à l’aide d’approches classiques faisant appel au dénombrement sur milieux gélosés, exige du temps et des ressources considérables. Cette étude vise à explorer une approche alternative et novatrice soit l’utilisation des signaux de fluorescence émis à différentes longueurs d’onde pour la détection et la différenciation de microorganismes en milieu de travail.

Un système mobile de …

Résistance Des Matériaux De Protection Aux Agresseurs Mécaniques Multiples : Coupure Et Perforation Simultanées, Ennouri Triki, Phuong Nguyen-Tri, Meriam Azaiez, Toan Vu-Khanh, Chantal Gauvin

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Les lacérations de type perforation et coupure représentent une part importante des blessures aux mains dans plusieurs milieux de travail. Les agresseurs mécaniques comme la pointe d’un couteau, des échardes de métal, des pièces mal ébavurées ou des éclats de verre peuvent être très diversifiés et constituer des risques multiples. Le port de gants de protection contribue à réduire ces risques. Cependant, les gants n’offrent pas toujours une résistance adéquate pour tous les types d’agresseurs. Puisqu’il n’y a pas de corrélation entre les résistances à la coupure, à la perforation et à la piqûre, par exemple, un matériau …

Développement D’Outils Et De Méthodes Pour Mieux Évaluer Et Améliorer La Protection Auditive Individuelle Des Travailleurs, Franck Sgard, Hugues Nélisse, Frédéric Laville

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Lorsque l’élimination à la source ne peut être envisagée, la protection individuelle demeure la solution la plus utilisée pour protéger les travailleurs exposés à des niveaux de bruit importants en raison de sa facilité et de sa rapidité d’implantation, ainsi que de son faible coût économique. Le port des protecteurs auditifs est néanmoins associé à plusieurs problématiques : (i) ils peuvent être un cofacteur de risque pour les accidents du travail, (ii) leur performance réelle est souvent très différente de celle affichée en laboratoire ce qui peut induire une sous-protection du travailleur, (iii) les méthodes normalisées de déplacement du seuil …

Evaluation Of Particulate Metal And Noise Exposures At A Foundry And Recommended Control Strategies, Jeshua Sargetis

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

An evaluation of current industrial hygiene practices were performed at a foundry located in the Northwestern United States. The foundry was evaluated for respirable and inhalable manganese, respirable crystalline silica and noise exposure. Personal breathing zone sampling was performed using proper safety and health practices on workers in the foundry and around the entire facility. Results showed that workers were being exposed to respirable manganese but not inhalable manganese. Bulk crystalline silica sampling was performed and personal breathing zone sampling was performed as a follow up to certain control measures which showed low concentrations. Area noise sampling was conducted in …

Reducing Noise Exposures Produced By Vibratory Finishing Machines, Anna Kroening

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

Tumbling operators are exposed to loud occupational noises when loading and unloading the metal products in tumbling machines. The increase in the number of hearing loss injuries in the metal stamping industry initiated OSHA’s Special Emphasis Programs in designated industries and locations across the United States. Because occupational hearing loss injuries do not manifest themselves until years later, it is critical that employers install engineering controls immediately in order to protect worker’s hearing and prevent hearing loss injuries.

Tumbling machines come in a variety of configurations. In addition to sound absorption material that can be installed on floors, ceilings, and …

Comparison Of Sample Methods And Results For Hexavalent Chromium Exposures At Langley Afb, Ericka Crosley

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

Various exposure limits and analytical methods are recommended for hexavalent chromium exposures. While the OSHA standard is legally binding, NIOSH and ACGIH recommendations should be considered as well when determining personnel overexposures. Hexavalent chromium is linked to severe acute and chronic effects, including cancer. The United States Air Force currently uses NIOSH methods 7600 and 7605 to sample for hexavalent chromium. This research analyzed if personnel are being overexposed, in addition to comparing NIOSH 7600 and NIOSH 7605 results to determine if both methods are required, or if one can be used in place of both. The results of the …