Medical Specialties Commons^™

Department Of Radiology-Annual Executive Summary Report-July 1, 2005 To June 30, 2006, Vijay M. Rao M.D.

Department of Radiology Administrative Documents and Reports

98 page Department of Radiology Annual Executive Summary Report, July 1, 2005 to June 30, 2006, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.

Broncho Alveolar Carcinoma (B.A.C.), Ahmed N. Abbasi, Muhammad Irfan, Syed Arsalan Raza

Section of Pulmonary & Critical Care

No abstract provided.

Cervical Cancer Survival By Socioeconomic Status, Race/Ethnicity, And Place Of Residence In Texas, 1995–2001, Katherine S. Eggleston, Ann L. Coker, Melanie Williams, Guillermo Tortolero-Luna, Jeanne B. Martin, Susan R. Tortolero

CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles

Objective: The current study explored whether socioeconomic status (SES), race/ethnicity, and rural residence may be linked to poorer cervical cancer survival by stage at diagnosis.

Methods: Data from 7,237 cervical cancer cases reported to the Texas Cancer Registry from 1995–2001 were used to address the association by stage at diagnosis and cause of death. Zip code-level census data were used to classify residence and to develop a composite variable for SES. Multilevel Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to estimate hazard ratios

(HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results: Late stage at diagnosis was a strong predictor …

Medical Education Digest, Vol. 8 No. 1 (January/February 2006), Nova Southeastern University

Medical Education Digest

No abstract provided.

Master Of Public Health 2006, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Health Professions Division Catalog 2006-2007, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Neprilysin: An Enzyme Candidate To Prevent Alzheimer's Disease, Salim Sabri El-Amouri

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Alzheimer's disease is named after Alois Alzheimer, the German psychiatrist and neuropathologist who identified it in 1907. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and accounts for at least half of all dementias (Owen et al., 1994). The disease moved from eighth to seventh place among the leading causes of death in 2004, with 65,829 deaths in the United States (Minifio et al., 2006). In an attempt to solve the mystery of this disease, scientists have discovered brain changes in people with AD that lead to dementia. Nerve cells die in areas of the brain that are …

Dual-Hit Hypothesis For Dopamine Neurodegeneration And Motor Dysfunction, Heather Anne Boger

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a trophic factor for peripheral organs, spinal cord, and midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons. Studies have shown that GDNF levels decrease in the substantia nigra (SN) and striatum during normal aging and in patients with Parkinson's disease. Furthermore, exogenous GDNF infusion protects DA neurons against injury induced by 6-hydroxydopamine, MPTP, and methamphetamine (METH). A heterozygous mouse model was created to assess whether a chronic reduction in this neurotrophic factor impacts motor function and the nigrostriatal DA system during the aging process. In this dissertation, two models of dopaminergic loss and motor dysfunction were characterized. …

Restoration Of Glenohumeral Motion In Erb's Palsy By Tendon Transfers, Syed Kamran Ahmed, Pervaiz Mehmood Hashmi

Section of Orthopaedic Surgery

Background: Children with erb's palsy have significant functional disability, mainly related to the shoulder. The objective of this study was to analyze the functional outcome of tendon transfers performed for restoration of shoulder motion in patients with Erb's palsy.
Methods: This descriptive case series was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital from May 1999 to December 2003. Ten patients who had functional deficit of shoulder elevation were operated by a single surgeon. The surgical procedure; modified Sever L'Episcopo procedure was uniform in all cases. The data was collected through patient interviewing and medical records maintained through Health Information Management System …

Stromal Haze, Myofibroblasts, And Surface Irregularity After Prk, Marcelo V. Netto, Rajiv R. Mohan, Sunilima Sinha, Ajay Sharma, William Dupps, Steven E. Wilson

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the level of stromal surface irregularity after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and myofibroblast generation along with the development of corneal haze.

Variable levels of stromal surface irregularity were generated in rabbit corneas by positioning a fine mesh screen in the path of excimer laser during ablation for a variable percentage of the terminal pulses of the treatment for myopia that does not otherwise generate significant opacity. Ninety-six rabbits were divided into eight groups[.]

Slit lamp analysis and haze grading were performed in all groups. Rabbits were sacrificed at 4 hr …

A Group M Consensus Envelope Glycoprotein Induces Antibodies That Neutralize Subsets Of Subtype B And C Hiv-1 Primary Viruses, Hua-Xin Lin, Laura L. Sutherland, Shi-Mao Xia, Mary E. Brock, Richard M. Scearce, Stacie Vanleeuwen, S. Munir Alam, Mildred Mcadams, Eric A. Weaver, Zenaido T. Camacho, Ben-Jiang Ma, Yingying Li, Julie M. Decker, Gary J. Nabel, David C. Montefiori, Beatrice H. Hahn, Bette T. Korber, Feng Gao, Barton F. Haynes

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

HIV-1 subtype C is the most common HIV-1 group M subtype in Africa and many parts of Asia. However, to date HIV-1 vaccine candidate immunogens have not induced potent and broadly neutralizing antibodies against subtype C primary isolates. We have used a centralized gene strategy to address HIV-1 diversity, and generated a group M consensus envelope gene with shortened consensus variable loops (CON-S) for comparative studies with wildtype (WT) Env immunogens. Our results indicate that the consensus HIV-1 group M CON-S Env elicited cross-subtype neutralizing antibodies of similar or greater breadth and titer than the WT Envs tested, indicating the …

The Accuracy Of Ultrasound In The Diagnosis Of Congenital Abnormalities, Shama Munim, Salva Nadeem, Nadya Ali Khuwaja

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Objective: To determine the accuracy of ultrasound in the diagnosis of congenital abnormalities at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.
Methods: The data of congenital abnormalities was obtained from the obstetrical database and medical records of all cases complicated by congenital abnormalities, delivering from January 2001 to December 2003 and was reviewed. Antenatal ultrasounds had been performed by operators with different level of experience. In addition this data was retrieved from the termination and Congenital anomaly register. A structured data collection form was used to collect information of different variables of interest.
Results: Congenital abnormalities, complicated 2.8% (n=170), of all …

Phloroglucinol In Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Wasim Jafri, Javed Yakoob, Sajjad Hussain, Nadim Jafri, Muhammad Islam

Section of Gastroenterology

Objective: To determine the efficacy and tolerability of phloroglucinol, an antispasmodic agent in the treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). Methods: It was an open label (quasi interventional) study. One hundred patients coming to the gastroenterology clinics of Aga Khan University Hospital with IBS as defined by the Rome II criteria were enrolled between February 2004 and September 2004 to participate in the trial and were treated as outpatients. Phloroglucinol (Himont) 50mg orally three times daily was given for two months. Symptoms were assessed before and during treatment using a questionnaire. Results: One hundred patients were enrolled in the study. …

Multiple Pregnancies: Determining Chorionicity And Amnionicity, Traci B. Fox

Department of Radiologic Sciences Faculty Papers

The determination of chorionicity and amnionicity in multiple gestations is one that confounds many in the medical field. The importance of diagnosing the type of multiple gestation cannot be overstated. This is intended to be an introductory primer and refresher to chorionicity and amnionicity. We will first examine what determines mono- versus dichorionic twinning including zygosity and cleavage of the zygote.

The Science Of Prevention Strategies, Rachel Abrishami, Jeffery A. Goad

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

"From newborn screening for Phenylkentonurea (PKU) and the birth dose of Hepatitis B vaccine to prostate and breast cancer screening and pneumococcal immunization for older adults, the science of health maintenance is multi-tiered and spans the lifetime of an individual. Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention strategies are used in concert with each other to enable healthcare professionals and their patients to sustain and improve the quality of life."

Com Outlook Winter 2006, College Of Osteopathic Medicine

COM Outlook

No abstract provided.

Spectrum And Outcome Of Infections In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients, Bushra Jamil, Sobia Rafi, Hammad Hussain, Khizar Hameed

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Effect Of A Single Bout Of Prior Moderate Exercise On Cutaneous Perfusion In Type 2 Diabetes, Sheri R. Colberg, Henri K. Parson, Tanja Nunnold, D. Robb Holton, Aaron I. Vinik

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

In diabetic individuals, increased shunting of circulation away from the skin may exist, contributing to their greater risk for ulcerations and poor cutaneous healing. In a prospective study (1), we previously found a lower skin perfusion during local heating in the foot dorsum of sedentary type 2 diabetic individuals compared with active people without diabetes. This defect was present despite normal increases in skin interstitial nitric oxide (NO), suggesting that NO is either ineffective or not involved (2). A prior bout of maximal exercise also lessened the impaired responsiveness to local heating of the dorsal foot in active type 2 …

Efficacy And Safety Of The Six-Dose Regimen Of Artemether-Lumefantrine In Pediatrics With Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria: A Pooled Analysis Of Individual Patient Data, M. Makanga, Zul Premji, C. Falade, J. Karbwang, E.A. Mueller, K. Andriano, P. Hunt, P.I. De Palacios

Pathology, East Africa

Patient data from eight clinical trials were pooled and analyzed to study the efficacy and safety of the six-dose versus four-dose regimen of artemether-lumefantrine (coartemether; Coartem) in children weighing 5-25 kg. A total of 544 patients with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria (six-dose: 343; four-dose: 201), matched for demographic and baseline characteristics and individual coartemether doses were included in the analysis. Analysis of day 28 cure rate based on the intention-to-treat and evaluable populations yielded corrected cure rates for the six-dose regimen of 93% and 96% compared with 61% and 76%, respectively, for the four-dose regimen (P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Similarly high cure rates were achieved with the six-dose regimen in non-immune infants weighing as little as 5 kg. The six- and four-dose regimens were equally well tolerated. The main finding of this analysis is that the six-dose regimen of coartemether is safe and more efficacious than the four-dose regimen in children. Copyright © 2006 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Research Annual Report 2005, Children's Mercy Hospital

Research Annual Reports

Annual report of the research at Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City MO, a pediatric medical center.

The Impact Of Title Ix On Athletics Development In The United States, Jennifer Y. Mak

Management Faculty Research

Nothing has had as much of an impact in the history of public education as Title IX of the Education Amendment of 1972. The increase in the popularity of collegiate sports, especially the revenue sports (football, basketball), has made Title IX and Athletics a hot topic. However, many members of the Title IX generations do not have a clear picture or fully understand the true meaning behind Title IX. This paper tries to close this gap by explaining the relationship between Title IX and Athletics in a timeline format: the birth of Title IX in 1972; Title IX and Athletics …

In Our Own Hands: Swaa-Ghana Champions The Female Condom, Kathleen Cravero, Michelle Skaer, Victoria Ebin, Martha Brady

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This issue of Quality/Calidad/Qualité describes the vital role played by the Ghana branch of the Society for Women and AIDS in Africa (SWAA) in introducing the female condom, the only female-controlled method for protection from HIV. By addressing issues of gender inequity and communication within relationships, SWAA used the female condom to empower women to regain control of their bodies. Also in this issue are profiles of three other approaches to programming for the female condom from Brazil, South Africa, and Zimbabwe.

Lessons And Implications From A Mass Immunization Campaign In Squatter Settlements Of Karachi, Pakistan: An Experience From A Cluster-Randomized Double-Blinded Vaccine Trial, M. Imran Khan, Rion Leon Ochiai, Hasan Bin Hamza, Shah Muhammad Sahito, Atif Habib, Sajid Bashir Soofi, Naveed Sarwar Bhutto, Shahid Rasool, Mahesh K Puri, Mohammad Ali, Shafi Mohammad Wasan, Mohammad Jawed Khan, Remon Abu- Elyazeed, Bernard Ivanoff, Claudia M Galindo, Tikki Pang, Allan Donner, Lorenz Von Seidlein, Camilo J Acosta, John D Clemens, Shaikh Qamaruddin Nizam, Zulfiqar A Bhutta

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Objective: To determine the safety and logistic feasibility of a mass immunization strategy outside the local immunization program in the pediatric population of urban squatter settlements in Karachi, Pakistan.
Methods: A cluster-randomized double blind preventive trial was launched in August 2003 in 60 geographic clusters covering 21,059 children ages 2 to 16 years. After consent was obtained from parents or guardians, eligible children were immunized parenterally at vaccination posts in each cluster with Vi polysaccharide or hepatitis A vaccine. Safety, logistics, and standards were monitored and documented.
Results: The vaccine coverage of the population was 74% and …

Fludarabine Induced Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia In A Patient With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia, Naveen Naz Syed, Mohammad Khurshid

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia following fludarabine is an uncommon complication and previously treated patients are at higher risk. We describe a case of 57- year old lady with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia; she received intermittent courses of alkylating agents and purine analogue, fludarabine. Reintroduction of fludarabine for her relapsing disease induced autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. Numbers of cases have been reported regarding autoimmune haemolytic anaemia following fludarabine administration, but none have been published from our part of the world. Normally T-cell suppresses autoreactive lymphocytes that can produce autoantibodies. Suppression of T-cells by fludarabine, in addition to the underlying disease process appears to be …

Decreased Intracellular Zinc In Human Tumorigenic Prostate Epithelial Cells: A Possible Role In Prostate Cancer Progression, Liping Huang, Catherine P. Kirschke, Yunfan Zhang

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Zinc plays important roles in maintaining normal function of the prostate and in development of prostate malignancy. It has been demonstrated that prostate malignant epithelial cells contain much less cellular zinc than the surrounding normal epithelial cells. However, the pathway(s) which leads to lower zinc accumulation in malignant prostate epithelial cells is poorly understood. In this study, the zinc homeostatic features of two human prostate epithelial cell lines (non-tumorigenic, RWPE1, and tumorigenic, RWPE2) were investigated. Effects of over-expression of ZIP1 in RWPE2 on cell proliferation and apoptosis were also studied.

Results

RWPE2 accumulated less intracellular zinc than RWPE1 …

Digest Of The Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine (Winter 2006), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Digest

The Winter 2006 issue of the Digest of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine includes the following articles:

• Opening Remarks
• PCOM Updates and Kudos
• Will the Doctor be In?
• Recognizing Leadership, Loyalty, Service
• Bringing Hope & Help after Hurricane Katrina
• Bridging Bench to Bedside
• Class Notes
• In Memoriam
• My Turn
• PCOM Alumni Weekend 2006
• PCOM Events

Statins And The Vasculopathy Of Systemic Sclerosis: Potential Therapeutic Agents?, Chris T. Derk, Sergio A. Jimenez

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

It has been postulated that endothelial cell injury is the initiating event in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis, causing attraction, attachment, migration and infiltration of activated T-cells and subsequent production of cytokines and growth factors. As a result of the action of these cytokines and growth factors, chemoattraction of fibroblasts into the vessel wall and transdifferentiation of resident fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells into myofibroblasts occur leading to fibrosis and exaggerated collagen deposition in the vessel wall. To date, the therapeutic options for the vasculopathy of systemic sclerosis have been limited to drugs that cause vasodilation and inhibit platelet aggregation …

Effect Of Prophylactic And Therapeutic Mitomycin C On Corneal Apoptosis, Cellular Proliferation, Haze, And Long-Term Keratocyte Density In Rabbits, Marcelo V. Netto, Rajiv R. Mohan, Sunilima Sinha, Ajay Sharma, Pankaj C. Gupta, Steven E. Wilson

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

PURPOSE—To determine the mechanism through which topical mitomycin C prevents and treats corneal haze after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and to examine the effects of dosage and duration of exposure.

METHODS—In 224 New Zealand rabbits, −9.0 diopter PRK with mitomycin C or balanced salt solution was performed. Haze level was graded at the slit-lamp. Rabbits were sacrificed at 4 hours, 24 hours, 4 weeks, or 6 months after surgery and immunohistochemistry was performed with TUNEL assay, Ki67 and α-SMA.

RESULTS—TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells marginally increased in all mitomycin C groups whereas Ki67-positive mitotic cells decreased significantly following mitomycin C application. A greater …

5 Year Survival Of A Patient With Malignant Thymoma With Superior Vena Caval Syndrome, Saulat H. Fatimi, Sadaf Sheikh, Saba Mansoor

Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery

No abstract provided.

Tracheal Inujry Due To Blunt Chest Trauma: A Rare Surgical Emergency, Usman Ahmad, Muhammad A Javed, Saulat H. Fatimi, Fahad Shuja

Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery

Tracheal injury is a rare complication of blunt chest trauma. The patients usually present with signs of respiratory distress. Primary repair is the treatment of choice in case of large defects, while small tears can be managed conservatively. Immediate operation is recommended to improve deteriorating pulmonary function. The decrease in mortality and long-term morbidity depends on early diagnosis. We report a case of tracheal injury due to non-penetrating thoracic trauma which was successfully managed with surgery.