Medical Specialties Commons^™

Prediction Models For Solitary Pulmonary Nodules Based On Curvelet Textural Features And Clinical Parameters, Jing-Jing Wang, Hai-Feng Wu, Tao Sun, Xia Li, Wei Wang, Li-Xin Tao, Da Huo, Ping-Xin Lv, Wen He, Xiu-Hua Guo

Research outputs 2013

Lung cancer, one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, usually appears as solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) which are hard to diagnose using the naked eye. In this paper, curvelet-based textural features and clinical parameters are used with three prediction models [a multilevel model, a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression method, and a support vector machine (SVM)] to improve the diagnosis of benign and malignant SPNs. Dimensionality reduction of the original curvelet-based textural features was achieved using principal component analysis. In addition, non-conditional logistical regression was used to find clinical predictors among demographic parameters and morphological features. …

Therapies For Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Current Approaches And Pharmacologic Agents In Development., Mostafa Hanout, Daniel Ferraz, Mehreen Ansari, Natasha Maqsood, Saleema Kherani, Yasir J. Sepah, Nithya Rajagopalan, Mohamed Ibrahim, Diana V. Do, Quan Dong Nguyen

Journal Articles: Ophthalmology

As one of the leading causes of blindness, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has remained at the epicenter of clinical research in ophthalmology. During the past decade, focus of researchers has ranged from understanding the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the angiogenic cascades to developing new therapies for retinal vascular diseases. Anti-VEGF agents such as ranibizumab and aflibercept are becoming increasingly well-established therapies and have replaced earlier approaches such as laser photocoagulation or photodynamic therapy. Many other new therapeutic agents, which are in the early phase clinical trials, have shown promising results. The purpose of this paper is …

Vascular Disrupting Agent For Neovascular Age Related Macular Degeneration: A Pilot Study Of The Safety And Efficacy Of Intravenous Combretastatin A-4 Phosphate, Mohamed A. Ibrahim, Diana V. Do, Yasir J. Sepah, Syed M. Shah, Elizabeth Van Anden, Gulnar Hafiz, J. Kevin Donahue, Richard Rivers, Jai Balkissoon, James T. Handa, Peter A. Campochiaro, Quan Dong Nguyen

Journal Articles: Ophthalmology

BACKGROUND:

This study was designed to assess the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of intravenous infusion of CA4P in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

METHODS:

Prospective, interventional, dose-escalation clinical trial. Eight patients with neovascular AMD refractory to at least 2 sessions of photodynamic therapy received CA4P at a dose of 27 or 36 mg/m2 as weekly intravenous infusion for 4 consecutive weeks. Safety was monitored by vital signs, ocular and physical examinations, electrocardiogram, routine laboratory tests, and collection of adverse events. Efficacy was assessed using retinal fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography, and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA).

RESULTS:

The …

A New Millennium: A New Age Of Behavioral Disorders?, Artemis Tsitsika, Mari Janikian, Donald E. Greydanus, Hatim A. Omar, Joav Merrick

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The internet has become one of the most widely accessible media and is a significant part of everyday life in adolescence, offering opportunities for social networking and communication, education and entertainment. However, over the past decade a specific behavioral pattern has been researched in respect to Internet use, leading to isolation and neglect of everyday activities, social life –even personal health in general. The phenomenon has received increasing attention from the scientific community, describing it in various terms such as “excessive”, “problematic”, “pathological”, “addictive” use among others.

European research on Internet addictive behavior have been conducted in the past years …

Implementation And Evaluation Of A Low Health Literacy And Culturally Sensitive Diabetes Education Program (Poster), Deborah Swavely Dnp, Rn, Allison Vorderstrasse Dnsc, Aprn, Edgardo Maldonado Md, Sherrine Eid Mph, Jeffrey Etchason Md

Department of Community Health and Health Studies

No abstract provided.

Foot Dimensions As A Tool For Gender Determination In Kenyan Adults, Maureen W. Waithaka

Master of Medicine in Anatomic Pathology

Introduction: Anthropometry has gained popularity over the years as a reliable method to determine gender. In forensic investigation, there are cases where gender cannot be readily determined using anatomy such as in mass casualty disasters with dismemberment and commingling of limbs. Kenyan descriptive data of foot dimensions is lacking as are formulae for estimating gender. Proven differences in foot dimensions across races prevent application of formula obtained using different populations necessitating generation of local data and formulae. Objectives: To describe the foot lengths, breaths and navicular heights of a representative adult Kenyan population, both male and female, and derive from …

A Randomised Controlled Trial Comparing The Effect Of Adjuvant Intrathecal 2mg Midazolam To 20-Micrograms Fentanyl On Post-Operative Pain For Patients Undergoing Lower Limb Orthopaedic Surgery Under Spinal Anaesthesia, Francis Otieno Codero

Master of Medicine in Anaesthesiology

Background: Intrathecal adjuvants are added to local anaesthetics to improve the quality of neuraxial blockade and prolong the duration of analgesia during spinal anaesthesia. As an intrathecal adjuvant, fentanyl improves the onset and quality of spinal blockade as compared to plain bupivacaine and confers a short duration of postoperative analgesia. However, its use is associated with several adverse effects that range from pruritus to life threatening respiratory depression. Intrathecal midazolam as an adjuvant has been used and shown to improve the quality of spinal anaesthesia and prolong the duration of postoperative analgesia. No studies have been done comparing intrathecal fentanyl …

Fmic Annual Report 2013 | English, French Medical Institute For Mothers And Children

French Medical Institute for Mothers and Children (FMIC) Archives

No abstract provided.

Nutritional Status Of Children Admitted For Diarrhoeal Diseases In A Referral Hospital In Western Kenya, I. Marete, J. Simba, Peter Gisore, C. Tenge, D. Bosire, A. Mwangi, F. Esamai

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of malnutrition among children admitted with acute diarrhoea disease at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital and to establish the effect of malnutrition on duration of hospital stay.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: Paediatric wards of Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya

Subjects: A total of 191 children aged 6 and 59 months admitted with acute diarrhoea disease, without chronic co-morbidities or visible severe malnutrition, were systematically enrolled into the study between November 2011 and March 2012.

Outcome Measures: Nutritional status based on WHO WHZ scores taken at admission and …

Commonly Cited Incentives In The Community Implementation Of The Emergency Maternal And Newborn Care Study In Western Kenya, Peter Gisore, B. Rono, J. Nekesa-Mangeni, C. Tenge, E. Shipala, H. Mabeya, D. Odhiambo, K. Otieno, S. Bucher, C. Makokha, E. Liechty, F. Esamai

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Background: Mortality of mothers and newborns is an important public health problem in low-income countries. In the rural setting, implementation of community based education and mobilization are strategies that have sought to reduce these mortalities. Frequently such approaches rely on volunteers within each community.

Objective: To assess the perceptions of the community volunteers in rural Kenya as they implemented the EmONC program and to identify the incentives that could result in their sustained engagement in the project.

Method: A community-based cross sectional survey was administered to all volunteers involved in the study. Data were collected using a self-administered supervision tool …

Improving Quality Of Maternal And Newborn Care In Selected Districts In 3 Sub-Saharan Countries: Baseline Quality Assessment, Els Duysburgh, Wei-Hong Zhang, M. Ye, Adrian Williams, S. Massawe, A. Sie, J. Williams, R. Mpembeni, S. Loukanova, Marleen Temmerman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Objectives: To measure pre-intervention quality of routine antenatal and childbirth care in rural districts of Burkina Faso, Ghana and Tanzania and to identify shortcomings.

Methods: In each country, we selected two adjoining rural districts. Within each district, we randomly sampled 6 primary healthcare facilities. Quality of care was assessed through health facility surveys, direct observation of antenatal and childbirth care, exit interviews and review of patient records.

Results: By and large, quality of antenatal and childbirth care in the six districts was satisfactory, but we did identify some critical gaps common to the study sites in all three countries. Counselling …

Aβ Alters The Dna Methylation Status Of Cell-Fate Genes In An Alzheimer’S Disease Model, Gary D. Isaacs, Noor Taher, Courtney Mckenzie, Rebecca Garrett, Matthew Baker, Nena Fox

Faculty Publications and Presentations

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by neurofibrillary tangles and extracellular amyloid-β plaques (Aβ). Despite ongoing research, some ambiguity remains surrounding the role of Aβ in the pathogenesis of this neurodegenerative disease. While several studies have focused on the mutations associated with AD, our understanding of the epigenetic contributions to the disease remains less clear. To that end, we determined the changes in DNA methylation in differentiated human neurons with and without Aβ treatment. We isolated the DNA from neurons treated with Aβ or vehicle, and digested the two samples with either a methylation-sensitive (HpaII) or a methylation-insensitive (MspI) restriction endonuclease. …

Secondary Membranous Nephropathy Associated With Guillain-Barré Syndrome., Edward J Filippone, Mitul Kanzaria, Rodney Bell, Eric Newman, John L Farber

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is one of the most common causes of nephrotic syndrome (NS) in adults. It may be primary, usually mediated by IgG4 anti-phospholipase A2 autoantibodies or secondary to various other conditions. Guillain- Barré syndrome (GBS) has been associated with MN, but a cause and effect relation has not been proven. We present a case of concurrent development of GBS and severe NS, with renal biopsy demonstrating MN. IgG4 stain was negative, indicating that most likely, the MN was secondary and probably caused by the underlying GBS.

Advancing Maternal Survival In The Global Context: Are Our Strategies Working?, Omar A Khan, Richard Derman, Nancy L Sloan

Department of Family & Community Medicine Faculty Papers

There have been significant gains in improving maternal mortality over the last two decades. Researchers have suggested a variety of interventions and mechanisms to explain these improvements. While it is likely that much of what has been done in research and programs has contributed to this decline, the evidence regarding what works in the settings in which women deliver continues to face many challenges. We review the evidence for these improvements and suggest that there remain areas to focus on, particularly the births which currently take place in an unsupervised or substandard environments. We highlight the main areas where more …

Scheduling In Mohs Micrographic Surgery Clinics, Stephen Vincent Steidle

Open Access Theses

Mohs Micrographic Surgery (MMS) is a surgical method used for the excision of aggressive skin cancers in areas of high cosmetic importance, such as the face and hands. The practice has been gaining popularity worldwide for its low recurrence rates and cosmetic results. Current clinics though are plagued by extreme wait times and an overall poor patient experience. In this paper we look to explore this problem by applying systems engineering principles including optimization and scheduling with the goal of improving the patient experience. Currently, little literature exists exploring the difficulties associated with scheduling for MMS clinic which primarily revolve …

Redox-Regulated Relb-Ar Axis Mediates Prostate Specific Antigen Expression: Insight In Prostate Cancer Response To Radiation Therapy, Lu Miao

Theses and Dissertations--Toxicology and Cancer Biology

Although the prostate specific antigen (PSA) test is widely used in clinical settings for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis and post-treatment follow-up monitoring, false positive PSA test results, which contribute to over-diagnosis of PCa, and false negative results, which miss some patients with aggressive PCa, remain problems of clinical importance.

Our study demonstrates that radiation therapy, which is widely used for treatment of localized PCa, generates TNF-α in tumor cells and stromal fibroblasts, redox dependently. Interestingly, TNF-α rapidly and transiently triggers the RelA-mediated NF-κB canonical pathway, but its effect on RelB expression is more robust and long lasting, which leads to …

Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of Budesonide In Human Lung Fibroblast Are Independent Of Histone Deacetylase 2, Xingqi Wang, Amy J. Nelson, Zachary M. Weiler, Amol Patil, Tadashi Sato, Nobuhiro Kanaji, Masanori Nakanishi, Joel Michalski, Maha Farid, Hesham Basma, Tricia D. Levan, Anna Miller-Larsson, Elisabet Wieslander, Kai-Christian Muller, Olaf Holz, Helgo Magnussen, Klaus F. Rabe, Xiangde Liu, Stephen I. Rennard

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: Reduced expression of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) in alveolar macrophages and epithelial cells may account for reduced response of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients to glucocorticoids. HDAC2 expression and its role in mediating glucocorticoid effects on fibroblast functions, however, has not been fully studied. This study was designed to investigate whether HDAC2 mediates glucocorticoid effects on release of inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) from human lung fibroblasts.

METHODS: Human lung fibroblasts (HFL-1 cells) were stimulated with interleukin (IL)-1 β plus tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the presence or absence of the glucocorticoid budesonide. Cytokines (IL-6 …

Potential For High Resolution Microscintigraphy Using Polycapillary Optics, Patrick Richard Conlon

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Scintigraphy, also known as nuclear imaging, is the process of imaging an object that has been labeled with a radioactive material. A novel technique employing polycapillary optics for very high - resolution scintigraphy is presented. The small channel size and angular selectivity of polycapillary optics allow them to act as multiple-hole collimators and be used with high - resolution detectors. The ability of the optics to work with high resolution detectors allow the system to discriminate against scatter, thus negating the need for energy sensitive detectors, which are known to have poor resolution. Therefore the use of polycapillary optics presents …

Oncolog, Volume 58, Number 01, January 2013, Joe Munch, Sunni Hosemann

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Emerging Vaccines Take Aim at Preventing Recurrent Breast Cancer: Myriad advances have been made in the treatment of breast cancer, and cures are achieved in many patients. However, there are still patients whose cancer recurs, and most of these patients will die of their disease. This indicates a need for other therapies that can be used to prevent recurrent disease. One potential option is breast cancer vaccines.
• Compass: Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Concomitant liver disease affects treatment options
• HOUSE CALL: Music Therapy-Music therapists help cancer patients manage stress and side effects

Components Of The Complete Blood Count As Risk Predictors For Coronary Heart Disease: In-Depth Review And Update, Mohammad Madjid, Omid Fatemi

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease, and several inflammatory biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein, have been used to predict the risk of coronary heart disease. High white blood cell count is a strong and independent predictor of coronary risk in patients of both sexes, with and without coronary heart disease. A high number of white blood cells and their subtypes (for example, neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and eosinophils) are associated with the presence of coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, and stroke. The coronary heart disease risk ratios associated with a high white blood cell count are comparable to those of other …

Feasibility Of Temporary Biventricular Pacing After Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting In Patients With Reduced Left Ventricular Function, Daniel Y Wang, Lauren A Kelly, Marc E Richmond, T Alexander Quinn, Bin Cheng, Michelle D Spotnitz, Santos E Cabreriza, Yoshifumi Naka, Allan S Stewart, Craig R Smith, Henry M Spotnitz

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

In selected patients undergoing cardiac surgery, our research group previously showed that optimized temporary biventricular pacing can increase cardiac output one hour after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. Whether pacing is effective after beating-heart surgery is unknown. Accordingly, in this study we examined the feasibility of temporary biventricular pacing after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

The effects of optimized pacing on cardiac output were measured with an electromagnetic aortic flow probe at the conclusion of surgery in 5 patients with a preoperative mean left ventricular ejection fraction of 0.26 (range, 0.15–0.35). Atrioventricular (7) and interventricular (9) delay settings were optimized in …

Pediatric Obesity Class: Teaching Kids How To Live Healthy Lifestyle, Sara Wilson Reece

Scholarly Posters

Childhood obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the United States. At The Longstreet Clinic, PC, Diabetes Education and Medical Nutritional Therapy Department, and Pediatric Department have joined together to create the Pediatric Obesity Class to address the epidemic of pediatric obesity in the local community. In the class, the child and parent are taught about calories, how to develop healthy eating habits and become physically active as a family. Visual aids as well as hands on activities for both nutritional and physical activity components of class are utilized. Thus far, approximately 120 children along with their parent(s) have participated in …

Untitled, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Provides support for association between spinal asymmetry and heart disease and how osteopathic physicians can help treat heart disease through treatment of asymmetries.

Principles Of Manipulative Management Of Essential Hypertension, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Rough draft of article on musculoskeletal findings and treatment associated with hypertension.

"Health" Magazine Article - Osteopathic Concept And Spinal Study Statistics In Children, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Rough Draft for Dr. Koch's contribution to an article in Health magazine discussing spinal findings in children and their correlation in neck and back pain and other dysfunctions.

General Principles Of Spinal Treatment, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Discusses mechanism behind spinal asymmetry and back pain and then provides therapy modalities and images to demonstrate these treatment options.

Spinal Asymmetries - Their Determination, Incidence And Pathophysiologic Association, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Abstract for talk at Madrid FIMM Convention on spinal asymmetries

Neck Care, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Hand-out given to Dr Koch's patients, that provided plan following their neck treatment.

Poignant Pointers From 60 Years Treating Backs And Necks - Goals, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Article discussing etiology of chronic back and neck aches and how to reduce/remove these causes and permanently strengthen back via fibrin therapy; "back-ache genesis"; in support of fibrotherapy.

Justifying Postural X-Rays To Reveal Asymmetries, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Abstract which attempts to justify the use of spinal x-rays to reveal spinal asymmetries that correlate with back pain and visceral dysfunction/diseases.