Medical Specialties Commons^™

Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy Of Biomolecular Condensates, My Diem Quan, Shih-Chu Jeff Liao, Josephine C Ferreon, Allan Chris M Ferreon

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Biomolecular condensates of ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) such as the transactivation response element (TAR) DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) arise from liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and play vital roles in various biological processes including the formation-dissolution of stress granules (SGs). These condensates are thought to be directly linked to neurodegenerative diseases, providing a depot of aggregation-prone proteins and serving as a cauldron of protein aggregation and fibrillation. Despite recent research efforts, biochemical processes and rearrangements within biomolecular condensates that trigger subsequent protein misfolding and aggregation remain to be elucidated. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) provides a minimally intrusive high-sensitivity and high-resolution imaging method …

Estimating Dementia Risk In An African American Population Using The Dctclock, Marissa Ciesla, Jeff Pobst, Joyce Gomes-Osman, Melissa Lamar, Lisa L Barnes, Russell Banks, Ali Jannati, David Libon, Rodney Swenson, Sean Tobyne, David Bates, John Showalter, Alvaro Pascual-Leone

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD) is increasing. African Americans are twice as likely to develop dementia than other ethnic populations. Traditional cognitive screening solutions lack the sensitivity to independently identify individuals at risk for cognitive decline. The DCTclock is a 3-min AI-enabled adaptation of the well-established clock drawing test. The DCTclock can estimate dementia risk for both general cognitive impairment and the presence of AD pathology. Here we performed a retrospective analysis to assess the performance of the DCTclock to estimate future conversion to ADRD in African American participants from the Rush Alzheimer's Disease Research …

Skin Lesion Segmentation In Dermoscopic Images With Noisy Data, Norsang Lama, Jason Hagerty, Anand Nambisan, Ronald Joe Stanley, William Van Stoecker

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

We Propose a Deep Learning Approach to Segment the Skin Lesion in Dermoscopic Images. the Proposed Network Architecture Uses a Pretrained Efficient Net Model in the Encoder and Squeeze-And-Excitation Residual Structures in the Decoder. We Applied This Approach on the Publicly Available International Skin Imaging Collaboration (ISIC) 2017 Challenge Skin Lesion Segmentation Dataset. This Benchmark Dataset Has Been Widely Used in Previous Studies. We Observed Many Inaccurate or Noisy Ground Truth Labels. to Reduce Noisy Data, We Manually Sorted All Ground Truth Labels into Three Categories — Good, Mildly Noisy, and Noisy Labels. Furthermore, We Investigated the Effect of Such …

Deep Brain Stimulation For Pediatric Dystonia: Clinicians' Perspectives On The Most Pressing Ethical Challenges, Kristin M Kostick-Quenet, Lavina Kalwani, Laura N Torgerson, Katrina Munoz, Clarissa Sanchez, Eric A Storch, J S Blumenthal-Barby, Gabriel Lazáro-Muñoz

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Introduction: Pediatric deep brain stimulation (pDBS) is commonly used to manage treatment-resistant primary dystonias with favorable results and more frequently used for secondary dystonia to improve quality of life. There has been little systematic empirical neuroethics research to identify ethical challenges and potential solutions to ensure responsible use of DBS in pediatric populations.

Methods: Clinicians (n = 29) who care for minors with treatment-resistant dystonia were interviewed for their perspectives on the most pressing ethical issues in pDBS.

Results: Using thematic content analysis to explore salient themes, clinicians identified four pressing concerns: (1) uncertainty about risks and benefits of pDBS …

Isolated Cardiac Paraganglioma Encasing Right Coronary Artery With Evidence Of Succinyl Dehydrogenase Gene Mutation: Successful Management Using Multimodality Imaging, Naveen Garg, Shashank Pandey, Shiva Madan, Subhash Yadav, Gurango Majumdar, Neeraj Jain, Manoj Jain

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

This report involves a young woman with isolated cardiac paraganglioma that was diagnosed using 68Gallium-labeled [1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid]-1-NaI3-octreotide positron emission tomographic scintigraphy. For the preoperative evaluation, multimodality imaging accurately described the anatomic location of the tumor and its relationship with the surrounding tissues. The patient underwent successful surgical resection of the tumor along with right coronary artery bypass grafting. The 2-month follow-up scintigraphy was normal. Next-generation sequencing evaluation revealed a novel germline mutation for the succinate dehydrogenase subunit B gene.

Cerebellar Dysfunction In Rodent Models With Dystonia, Tremor, And Ataxia, Meike E Van Der Heijden, Roy V Sillitoe

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Dystonia is a movement disorder characterized by involuntary co- or over-contractions of the muscles, which results in abnormal postures and movements. These symptoms arise from the pathophysiology of a brain-wide dystonia network. There is mounting evidence suggesting that the cerebellum is a central node in this network. For example, manipulations that target the cerebellum cause dystonic symptoms in mice, and cerebellar neuromodulation reduces these symptoms. Although numerous findings provide insight into dystonia pathophysiology, they also raise further questions. Namely, how does cerebellar pathophysiology cause the diverse motor abnormalities in dystonia, tremor, and ataxia? Here, we describe recent work in rodents …

An Initial Experience Of Completion Hemispherotomy Via Magnetic Resonance-Guided Laser Interstitial Therapy, Vijay M Ravindra, Lucia Ruggieri, Nisha Gadgil, Angela P Addison, Ilana Patino, David D Gonda, Jason Chu, Laura Whitehead, Anne Anderson, Gloria Diaz-Medina, Kimberly Houck, Akshat Katyayan, Laura Masters, Audrey Nath, Michael Quach, James John Riviello, Elaine Seto, Krystal Elizabeth Sully, Latanya Agurs, Sonali Sen, Maureen Handoko, Rohini Coorg, Irfan Ali, Daniel Ikeda, Howard Weiner, Daniel J Curry

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Introduction: In carefully selected patients with medically refractory epilepsy, disconnective hemispherotomy can result in significant seizure freedom; however, incomplete disconnection can result in ongoing seizures and poses a significant challenge. Completion hemispherotomy provides an opportunity to finish the disconnection. We describe the use of magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal ablation (MRgLITT) for completion hemispherotomy.

Methods: Patients treated with completion hemispherotomy using MRgLITT at our institution were identified. Procedural and seizure outcomes were evaluated retrospectively.

Results: Five patients (3 males) underwent six MRgLITT procedures (one child treated twice) for completion hemispherotomy at a median age of 6 years (range 1.8-12.9). Two …

Function And Dysfunction Of The Dystonia Network: An Exploration Of Neural Circuits That Underlie The Acquired And Isolated Dystonias, Jason S Gill, Megan X Nguyen, Mariam Hull, Meike E Van Der Heijden, Ken Nguyen, Sruthi P Thomas, Roy V Sillitoe

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Dystonia is a highly prevalent movement disorder that can manifest at any time across the lifespan. An increasing number of investigations have tied this disorder to dysfunction of a broad "dystonia network" encompassing the cerebellum, thalamus, basal ganglia, and cortex. However, pinpointing how dysfunction of the various anatomic components of the network produces the wide variety of dystonia presentations across etiologies remains a difficult problem. In this review, a discussion of functional network findings in non-mendelian etiologies of dystonia is undertaken. Initially acquired etiologies of dystonia and how lesion location leads to alterations in network function are explored, first through …

Social Behavioral Impairments In Syngap1-Related Intellectual Disability, Hajer Naveed, Maria Mccormack, J Lloyd Holder

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Introduction: Developmental synaptopathies are neurodevelopmental disorders caused by genetic mutations disrupting the development and function of neuronal synapses.

Methods: We administered the validated Social Responsiveness Scale, Second Edition (SRS-2) to investigate the phenotypic presentation of social-behavioral impairments for the developmental synaptopathy-SYNGAP1-related Intellectual Disability (SYNGAP1-ID) (n = 32) compared with a phenotypically similar disorder Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMD) (n = 27) and healthy controls (n = 43). A short form SRS-2 analysis (n = 85) was also conducted.

Results: Both SYNGAP1-ID and PMD had significantly elevated total and subcategory T-scores, with no significant score differences between SYNGAP1 …

Policy Options To Facilitate Cancer Genomic Variant Data Sharing: Outcomes Of A Modified Policy Delphi, Jill O Robinson, Amira Daoud, Janis Geary, Vasiliki Rahimzadeh, Juli Bollinger, Christi J Guerrini, Robert Cook-Deegan, Amy L Mcguire, Mary A Majumder

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Sharing cancer gene variant and relevant clinical data could accelerate progress in cancer genomics. However, data sharing is currently impeded by issues related to financial sustainability, equity, incentives, privacy and security, and data quality. Evidence-based policy options to facilitate data sharing in these domains, and ultimately improve interpretation of cancer-associated genomic variants, are therefore needed. We conducted a modified policy Delphi with expert stakeholders that involved generating, evaluating, and ranking potential policy options to address these issues, with a focus on the US context. We found policy options in the financial sustainability domain were highly ranked, particularly stable funding for …

Payer Reimbursement Practices And Incentives For Improving Interpretation Of Germline Genetic Testing, Patricia Deverka, Janis Geary, Charles Mathews, Matan Cohen, Gillian Hooker, Mary Majumder, Zuzana Skvarkova, Robert Cook-Deegan

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Germline genetic testing for inherited cancer risk has shifted to multi-gene panel tests (MGPTs). While MGPTs detect more pathogenic variants, they also detect more variants of uncertain significance (VUSs) that increase the possibility of harms such as unnecessary surgery. Data sharing by laboratories is critical to addressing the VUS problem. However, barriers to sharing and an absence of incentives have limited laboratory contributions to the ClinVar database. Payers can play a crucial role in the expansion of knowledge and effectiveness of genetic testing. Current policies affecting MGPT reimbursement are complex and create perverse incentives. Trends in utilization and coverage for …

Mass Spectrometry Imaging As An Emerging Tool For Studying Metabolism In Human Brain Organoids, Gerarda Cappuccio, Saleh M Khalil, Sivan Osenberg, Feng Li, Mirjana Maletic-Savatic

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Human brain organoids are emerging models to study human brain development and pathology as they recapitulate the development and characteristics of major neural cell types, and enable manipulation through an in vitro system. Over the past decade, with the advent of spatial technologies, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has become a prominent tool for metabolic microscopy, providing label-free, non-targeted molecular and spatial distribution information of the metabolites within tissue, including lipids. This technology has never been used for studies of brain organoids and here, we set out to develop a standardized protocol for preparation and mass spectrometry imaging of human brain …

Reduced Serum Concentrations Of Reactive Oxygen And Nitrogen Species Following Strenuous Exercise In The Heat Are Not Associ-Ated With An Upregulation In Serum Antioxidative Capacity, Sebastian Keller, Hannah Lisa Notbohm, Wilhelm Bloch, Moritz Schumann

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are produced as a response to exercise and play a part in guiding the adaptive response to physical training. Exercise in the heat has been shown to further increase accumulation of RONS in systemic circulation; however, a high antioxidative response or heat acclimatization mechanisms could attenuate this response. In a previous study, we found reduced RONS concentrations in trained athletes following strenuous cycling in the heat. Therefore, this secondary analysis assessed whether these reduced RONS serum concentrations are induced by an increased serum antioxidant capacity. Methods: Twelve male cyclists (V̇O_2peak: 60 …

Determinant Factors Of Cognitive Frailty In Elderly Patients, Valencia Santoso, Rensa Rensa

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Physical frailty and cognitive impairment have a strong relationship and there are differences in factors associated with cognitive frailty. This research aimed to determine the prevalence of cognitive frailty and identify factors associated with cognitive frailty in the elderly population in hospital polyclinic. Methods. A cross-sectional study with secondary data on patients aged ≥60 years in the Internal Medicine Polyclinic of Atma Jaya Hospital, Jakarta, from May 2020 to May 2021. The independent variables of this study were age, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, risk of malnutrition, risk of depression, and functional status. The alternative criteria by …

Effectiveness Of Garlic Extract (Allium Sativum) To Reduce Level Of Malondialdehyde Serum And Improve Quality Of Life In Patients With Chronic Hemodialysis: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial, Amelia Istiqomah, Zulkhair Ali, Irsan Saleh

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Study reported that malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as an in vivo marker of oxidative stress were increased in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Antioxidants allicin compounds contained in garlic (Allium sativum) are known to have antioxidant activity by inducing antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and inhibiting prooxidant enzymes (nitric oxide synthase, xanthine, NADPH oxidase, and cyclooxygenase). This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Allium sativum to reduce level of MDA serum and improve quality of life in patients with chronic hemodialysis. Methods. This study was a crossover randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. The subjects were 40 chronic kidney …

Effect Of Advance Care Planning On Heart Failure Patients: An Evidence Based Case Report, Hamzah Shatri, Nandika Nurfitria, Dika Sinulingga, Vinandia Irvianita, Edward Faisal, Rudi Putranto, Diah Martina

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Despite the advances in medical therapy, heart failure remains a disease that requires attention due to the course of the illness; it can lead to unpredictable, progressive, and fatal conditions. Existing therapy aims to improve the condition and prevent disease progression, with a balanced secondary therapy for various conditions that can trigger acute decompensated heart failure. Advances in technology and therapy may increase the prevalence of patients with heart failure, including prolonging the refractory phase of the disease. There are recommendations for advance care planning to support patient therapy and improve the quality of life of patients with heart failure. …

Physical Exercise As Cytokine Modulator In Inflammatory Immune Response: A Systematic Review, Kartika Ratna Pertiwi, Evy Yulianti, Ukhti Jamil Rustiasari

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Physical exercise contributes to maintain our health, through its role in inflammatory immune response. Cytokines are proteins that mediate communication between immune cells, either as pro- or anti-inflammation agents. Nonetheless, the dominance of pro- over anti-inflammatory cytokines during a workout, is harmful to health. This systematic review aimed at determining the effect of physical activity in modulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines during immune response. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) guideline, literature searching was conducted in 3 databases which were PUBMED/MEDLINE, DOAJ and GARUDA, using keywords, citation tracking and snowballing. Inclusion and exclusion criterias were used to screen, …

Small Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Itgb6 Sirna Delivery Downregulates The Αvβ6 Integrin And Inhibits Adhesion And Migration Of Recipient Prostate Cancer Cells, Shiv Ram Krishn, Vaughn Garcia, Nicole M Naranjo, Fabio Quaglia, Christopher D Shields, Maisha A Harris, Andrew V Kossenkov, Qin Liu, Eva Corey, Dario C Altieri, Lucia R Languino

Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

The αVβ6 integrin, an epithelial-specific cell surface receptor absent in normal prostate and expressed during prostate cancer (PrCa) progression, is a therapeutic target in many cancers. Here, we report that transcript levels of ITGB6 (encoding the β6 integrin subunit) are significantly increased in metastatic castrate-resistant androgen receptor-negative prostate tumors compared to androgen receptor-positive prostate tumors. In addition, the αVβ6 integrin protein levels are significantly elevated in androgen receptor-negative PrCa patient derived xenografts (PDXs) compared to androgen receptor-positive PDXs. In vitro, the androgen receptor-negative PrCa cells express high levels of the αVβ6 integrin compared to androgen receptor-positive PrCa cells. Additionally, …

Haircare Practice And Dandruff Problems Among Indonesian Medical Students, Jessica Rosemary Wikanto, Lorettha Wijaya, Yunisa Astiarani, Regina Regina

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Dandruff is an understated hair and scalp problem that causes striking social and concentration issues among medical students. Haircare practice among them may or may not be related to the dandruff incident.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 74 pre-clinical medical students at Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia. Trained health staff assessed dandruff prevalence by physical examination, and the haircare practice was measured using a questionnaire. Bivariate analysis was utilized to assess the association between haircare practice and dandruff prevalence’s.

Result: Among respondents, 85.1% of them have dandruff. Respondents who shampooed less than five …

Clinicodemographic And Laboratory Characteristics Of Cutaneous Tuberculosis At Tertiary Referral Hospital In West Java, Indonesia, Anisa Sediadini, Hendra Gunawan, Risa Miliawati Nurul Hidayah

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Cutaneous tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease affecting the skin caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). It constitutes 1–1.5% of extrapulmonary TB, with Indonesia being the third-highest TB burden country worldwide. Cutaneous TB is difficult to diagnose due to its varied presentations. This study aimed to describe the clinicodemographic and laboratory characteristics of cutaneous TB in a tertiary referral hospital in West Java, Indonesia.

Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study. Data were obtained from the medical record of patients with cutaneous TB in the Tropical Dermatology Clinic of Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung, West Java, …

The Difference In Transepidermal Water Loss (Tewl) Values Between Sun-Exposed And Non-Sun-Exposed Skin Among Male Medical Students, Ihsany Arafiasetyanto Prihadi, Endra Yustin Ellistasari, Arie Kusumawardani

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Transepidermal Water Loss (TEWL) is the amount of water released from the human body into the atmosphere through a diffusion process per unit of time. Changes in TEWL indicate impaired skin barrier function. Exposure to ultraviolet light for an extended period can cause photoaging, characterized by rough and dry skin (xerosis cutis). TEWL will increase significantly in the skin exposed to ultraviolet radiation. This study aims to determine the difference in the TEWL values among male medical students in the sun-exposed and non-sun-exposed skin areas.

Methods: An analytical observational cross-sectional study was conducted at the Dermatology and …

Risk Factors For Hiv-Positive Status In Condyloma Acuminata, Izazi Hari Purwoko, Putri Laksmi Karim, Suroso Adi Nugroho, Theresia Toruan, Fitriani .

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Condyloma acuminata (CA) is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), especially types 6 and 11. The number of HPV infections increases in immunosuppressed conditions, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Risk factors in CA patients such as gender, sexual partner, sexual orientation, and sexual intercourse can increase HIV status.

Methods: This is a descriptive-analytic study with a cohort retrospective design. The subjects are all CA patients who visited the polyclinic STI Dr. Mohammad Hoesin, General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia, between 2016-2020. The number of CA patients included in the study were 115 patients …

A Case Of Longitudinal Melanonychia In A Child: Benign Or Malignant?, Heffi Anindya Putri, Ennesta Asri, Qaira Anum

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Longitudinal melanonychia (LM) describes a longitudinal brown-to-black band of discoloration affecting a finger, thumb, or toenail. Discoloration of the nails can be a sign of benign or malignant nail disorders. Although nail melanoma rarely occurs in children, health practitioners should be aware of melanonychia. Dermoscopy and histopathology are helpful in the diagnosis.

Case Illustration: A case of LM in a thirteen-year-old girl was reported with a complaint of brownish-black discoloration, sometimes painful, on her right thumb since 1 year ago. She had no history of trauma, nail damage, or bleeding tendency. Dermatological examination found a homogeneous brownish-black …

Seborrheic Keratosis Profile At Dr. Hasan Sadikin Central General Hospital Bandung 2015-2019, Eva Krishna Sutedja, Resti Gradia, Tri Aswila Latifah

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Seborrheic keratosis (SK) is adults’ most prevalent benign skin tumor. SK originates from the proliferation of keratinocyte cells with varying morphology and degree of pigmentation. The lesions often resemble other types of malignancy. There are still many discrepancies in SK in Indonesia; hence, SK needs further understanding. This study aimed to describe the profile of seborrheic keratosis cases based on age, sex, location of lesions, and therapy at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Central General Hospital, Bandung, for five years

Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study with total sampling. Secondary data were collected from medical records of SK …

Non-Pustular Annular Psoriasis With Signs Of High Disease Activity, Nevi Yasnova, Windy Keumala Budianti, Melody Febriana Andardewi

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Non-pustular annular psoriasis is a rare condition in which a type of plaque psoriasis appears with ring-like lesions and a clearer central appearance. The disease activities in psoriasis may be evaluated clinically. It is essential to provide a more meaningful approach to treatment management.

Case illustration: A 33-year-old woman complained of a one-year history of multiple erythematous, scaly, and annular plaques with central clearing. Some lesions were surrounded by discrete pinpoint papules on several parts of her body. The lesions worsened during seven weeks of topical and systemic therapy.

Discussion: Psoriasis is a chronic, multisystem inflammatory …

Association Between Early Antibiotic Administration And In-Hospital Mortality In Moderate And Severe Covid-19 Patients, Lie Khie Chen, Jason Nathanael, Sharifah Shakinah, Adeline Pasaribu, Robert Sinto, Leonard Nainggolan, Adityo Susilo

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 generally receive antibiotic therapy with consideration of the possibility of co-infection or secondary bacterial infection which clinically is difficult to distinguish from COVID-19 symptoms. Overuse of antibiotics can lead to an increased risk of bacterial resistance to antibiotics which is associated with poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to assess the effect of early antibiotic administration on mortality in moderate and severe COVID-19 patients. Methods. An observational study with a retrospective cohort design was conducted at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Data were obtained from medical records of patients admitted from March …

Second-Line Therapy Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor For Chronic Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Resistant To Imatinib, Chici Pratiwi, Wulyo Rajabto

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Since the era of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy, there has been an increase in the median survival of chronic myeloid leukemia. Nevertheless, nowadays there were several cases of chronic myeloid leukemia that are resistant to the first-line TKIs, so that several second-line TKIs were introduced. Assessment of the therapeutic response was performed using a complete peripheral blood examination, bone marrow aspiration cytogenetic examination, and quantitative BCR-ABL examination. The treatment failure criteria were applied based on the ELN criteria. In selecting the second line TKI should be based on the results of mutation analysis and consider the safety profile of …

Evaluation Of The Efficacy Of The Anti-Ulcer Oral Mucosal Protective Agent Radoralex® In The Prevention And Treatment Of Radiation-Induced Oral Mucosal Reactions Induced During Treatment Of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Jun Yin, Jirui Xie, Jiawei Lin, Chengyin Weng, Shun Lu, Peng Xu, Shuo Zhang, Cheng Luo, Yecai Huang, Lu Li, Jinyi Lang, Mei Feng

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of antiulcer oral mucosal protectant-RADoralex® in the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced oral mucosal reactions elicited during intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). A total of 90 patients with locally advanced NPC who developed post-treatment grade 1 oral mucositis were selected for this study. They were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 44) treated by mouth rinsing with the RADoralex® during radiochemotherapy and the control group (n = 43) treated by mouth rinsing with sodium bicarbonate solution, and the patients’ oral mucosal …

A Pilot Intervention Combining Assessment And Feedback With Communication Training And Behavioral Nudges To Increase Hpv Vaccine Uptake., Andrea Bradley-Ewing, Brian R. Lee, Jason N. Doctor, Georgann Meredith, Kathy Goggin, Angela Myers

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes >40,000 cancer diagnoses each year, yet vaccination rates remain low because widespread implementation of strategies to increase vaccinations has not occurred. Behavioral nudges have demonstrated efficacy in improving uptake of desired behaviors in health care settings but have not been tested for increasing HPV vaccinations. We assessed the impact of an intervention combining behavioral nudges with other proven strategies (i.e., assessment and feedback, provider communication training) on HPV vaccination rates and parental satisfaction in four Midwestern pediatric, outpatient practices. Practices were randomly assigned to receive either assessment and feedback or assessment and feedback combined with vaccine …

A Conserved Oxalyl-Coenzyme A Decarboxylase In Oxalate Catabolism, Ninghui Cheng, Vincent Paris, Xiaolan Rao, Xiaoqiang Wang, Paul A Nakata

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

The ability to biosynthesize oxalic acid can provide beneficial functions to plants; however, uncontrolled or prolonged exposure to this strong organic acid results in multiple physiological problems. Such problems include a disruption of membrane integrity, mitochondrial function, metal chelation, and free radical formation. Recent work suggests that a CoA-dependent pathway of oxalate catabolism plays a critical role in regulating tissue oxalate concentrations in plants. Although this CoA-dependent pathway of oxalate catabolism is important, large gaps in our knowledge of the enzymes catalyzing each step remain. Evidence that an oxalyl-CoA decarboxylase (OXC) catalyzes the second step in this pathway, accelerating the …