Medical Specialties Commons^™

Breast Cancer Characterization Using Artificial Intelligence In Screening And Diagnostic Mammogram Of Thai Women, Jaroonroj Wongnil

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Breast cancer is a significant health issue in Thailand, necessitating accurate detection and characterization for effective treatment. This thesis focuses on leveraging artificial intelligence techniques to develop breast cancer screening and diagnosis using mammography images of Thai women. Furthermore, detecting and classifying mammography calcifications, crucial indicators of malignant or benign conditions had also been focused using RCNN and YOLOv4 in this study. AlexNet CNN was developed to increase the robustness of the RCNN model. AlexNet was tested with three different datasets, each consisting of 4,000 cropped ROI images. These datasets were divided into an 80% training set and a 20% …

การเปรียบเทียบผลการฟื้นฟูผ่านระบบกายภาพบำบัดทางไกล กับที่สถานพยาบาล จากรายงานผู้ป่วยหลังผ่าตัดกระดูกสันหลังแบบแผลเล็ก, พงศ์ธนา โรจนรัตนางกูร

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การออกกำลังกายกล้ามเนื้อแกนกลางลำตัวเพื่อฟื้นฟูหลังผ่าตัดกระดูกสันหลังแบบแผลเล็กเป็นหนึ่งในวิธีที่ได้รับความนิยมสำหรับการลดอาการไม่พึงประสงค์ แต่จำเป็นต้องทำหลายครั้งและต่อเนื่อง ปัจจัยอื่น ๆ รบกวนจนไม่สามารถทำได้ครบจำนวน จึงมีการใช้ระบบการภาพบำบัดทางไกลเข้ามาทดแทน แต่ยังขาดการศึกษาวิจัยเกี่ยวกับรูปแบบการให้บริการ การศึกษาวิจัยนี้จึงมีวัตถุประสงค์ เพื่อศึกษาผลด้านระดับคุณภาพชีวิต ระดับความปวด ระดับความเชื่อในการหลีกเลี่ยงความกลัว ความสามารถในการปฏิบัติกิจวัตรประจำวัน และความแข็งแรงของกล้ามเนื้อแกนกลางลำตัว จากการออกกำลังกายฟื้นฟูกล้ามเนื้อแกนกลางลำตัวของผู้ป่วยหลังผ่าตัดกระดูกสันหลังแบบแผลเล็กผ่านระบบกายภาพบำบัดทางไกล เปรียบเทียบกับการฟื้นฟูที่สถานพยาบาล ศึกษาวิจัยในผู้ป่วยหลังผ่าตัดกระดูกสันหลังแบบแผลเล็กที่พักฟื้นมาแล้วอย่างน้อยสี่สัปดาห์ อายุสี่สิบถึงเจ็ดสิบปี จำนวนสามสิบแปดคน โดยแบ่งออกเป็นสองกลุ่มจำนวนเท่ากัน กลุ่มละสิบเก้าคน ได้แก่กลุ่มที่ออกกำลังกายฟื้นฟูผ่านระบบกายภาพบำบัดทางไกลหรือกลุ่มทดลอง และกลุ่มออกกำลังฟื้นฟูที่สถานพยาบาลหรือกลุ่มควบคุม ทั้งสองกลุ่มการศึกษาวิจัย จะได้รับการสอนออกกำลังกายเพื่อฟื้นฟูกล้ามเนื้อแกนกลางลำตัว สองครั้งต่อสัปดาห์ เป็นเวลาหกสัปดาห์ ผลการศึกษาวิจัยพบว่า ผู้เข้าร่วมวิจัยออกกำลังกายฟื้นฟูกล้ามเนื้อแกนกลางลำตัวครบสิบสองครั้ง ทั้งกลุ่มใช้ระบบกายภาพบำบัดทางไกลและกลุ่มออกกำลังกายฟื้นฟูที่สถานพยาบาล ผลจากรายงานผู้เข้าร่วมวิจัยพบว่า ทั้งสองกลุ่มการศึกษาไม่แตกต่างกัน ในด้านระดับคุณภาพชีวิต ระดับความปวด ความสามารถในการปฏิบัติกิจวัตรประจำวัน และความแข็งแรงของกล้ามเนื้อแกนกลางลำตัว สรุปผลการศึกษาวิจัยคือ การออกกำลังกายฟื้นฟูกล้ามเนื้อแกนกลางผ่านระบบกายภาพบำบัดทางไกล มีผลไม่ด้อยไปกว่าการออกกำลังกายฟื้นฟูที่สถานพยาบาล ในผู้ป่วยหลังผ่าตัดกระดูกสันหลังแบบแผลเล็ก

Dietary Antioxidant Insufficiency Is Associated With Increased Inflammatory Markers And Poorer Health-Related Quality Of Life In Patients With Heart Failure, Jia-Rong Wu, Eun Kyeung Song, Debra K. Moser, Terry A. Lennie

UK CARES Faculty Publications

Background: Antioxidant insufficiency, elevated inflammatory markers, and poor health-related quality of life (HRQOL) are prevalent in patients with heart failure (HF). Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the associations among dietary antioxidant intake, inflammatory markers, and HRQOL in patients with HF. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of 265 patients with HF who completed a 4-day food diary. We assessed intake of 10 antioxidants: alpha carotene, beta carotene, beta cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, lycopene, vitamins C and E, zinc, and selenium. Antioxidant insufficiency was reflected by a measured level for each antioxidant that was below the estimate average …

Economic Cost Of Secondary Postpartum Haemorrhage: A Case-Control Study At A Tertiary Hospital In Australia, Nicole Young, Julie Quinlivan, Rachael Fox, Jess Anderson, Laura Davis, Samantha S. Mooney

IHR Papers and Journal Articles

Background

Secondary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is a condition which affects 0.2–3.0% of women. Despite its impact on maternal morbidity, there is a lack of understanding of the cost burden of disease.

Aims

To determine the economic cost of secondary PPH in the postpartum period, compared to the costs for women without this diagnosis.

Materials and methods

Data were prospectively collected on a cohort of 97 women who presented with secondary PPH to the emergency department (ED) between July 2020 and February 2021. A case–control design was then used to compare postpartum cost data from these patients to a group of …

The Rising Tide Of Revisional Surgery: Tracking Changes In Index Cases Among Bariatric-Accredited Fellowships, Lincoln N Strickland, Erika Y Faraoni, Wei Ruan, Xiaoyi Yuan, Holger K Eltzschig, Jennifer M Bailey-Lundberg

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by a dense desmoplastic stroma that impedes drug delivery, reduces parenchymal blood flow, and suppresses the anti-tumor immune response. The extracellular matrix and abundance of stromal cells result in severe hypoxia within the tumor microenvironment (TME), and emerging publications evaluating PDAC tumorigenesis have shown the adenosine signaling pathway promotes an immunosuppressive TME and contributes to the overall low survival rate. Hypoxia increases many elements of the adenosine signaling pathway, resulting in higher adenosine levels in the TME, further contributing to immune suppression. Extracellular adenosine signals through 4 adenosine receptors (Adora1, Adora2a, Adora2b, Adora3). Of …

Cytological Diagnosis Of Pilomatrixoma And Its Diagnostic Pitfalls, Sabina Khan, Inara Abeer, Musharraf Husain, Sujata Jetley

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Pilomatrixoma (PMX) is a relatively uncommon benign cutaneous neoplasm arising from skin adnexa. It presents as a subcutaneous asymptomatic nodule mostly in the head and neck region and is frequently misdiagnosed by the clinicians. Although easily diagnosed on histopathology, the cytologic features of PMX are less distinctive, depending on the stage and evolution of disease and may mimic other benign or even malignant lesions.

AIM: To study the cyto-morphological features of this uncommon neoplasm and identify its potential diagnostic pitfalls on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Archival records of histopathologically diagnosed Pilomatrixoma were analyzed during study …

Henry Gas Solubility Optimization Double Machine Learning Classifier For Neurosurgical Patients, Diana T Mosa, Amena Mahmoud, John Zaki, Shaymaa E Sorour, Shaker El-Sappagh, Tamer Abuhmed

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This study aims to predict head trauma outcome for Neurosurgical patients in children, adults, and elderly people. As Machine Learning (ML) algorithms are helpful in healthcare field, a comparative study of various ML techniques is developed. Several algorithms are utilized such as k-nearest neighbor, Random Forest (RF), C4.5, Artificial Neural Network, and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Their performance is assessed using anonymous patients' data. Then, a proposed double classifier based on Henry Gas Solubility Optimization (HGSO) is developed with Aquila optimizer (AQO). It is implemented for feature selection to classify patients' outcome status into four states. Those are mortality, morbidity, …

Retinal Alpha-Synuclein Accumulation Correlates With Retinal Dysfunction And Structural Thinning In The A53t Mouse Model Of Parkinson’S Disease, Katie K N Tran, Vickie H Y Wong, Anh Hoang, David I Finkelstein, Bang V Bui, Christine T O Nguyen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Abnormal alpha-synuclein (α-SYN) protein deposition has long been recognized as one of the pathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease's (PD). This study considers the potential utility of PD retinal biomarkers by investigating retinal changes in a well characterized PD model of α-SYN overexpression and how these correspond to the presence of retinal α-SYN. Transgenic A53T homozygous (HOM) mice overexpressing human α-SYN and wildtype (WT) control littermates were assessed at 4, 6, and 14  months of age (male and female,

Adrenal Venous Sampling In Primary Aldosteronism: Single-Centre Experience From Western India, Krantikumar Rathod, Saba S Memon, Punit Mahajan, Anurag Lila, Dhaval Thakkar, Hemant Deshmukh, Tushar Bandgar

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: The protocols and criteria used for adrenal venous sampling (AVS) differ across centres. There are no studies from the Indian subcontinent describing AVS-based outcomes in primary aldosteronism (PA). We aim to describe our experience from a single centre.

METHODS: Retrospective records from 2018 to 2020 of patients with confirmed PA who underwent AVS were reviewed. Clinical, imaging, AVS data and outcomes (as per PASO criteria) were recorded. AVS was performed by sequential sampling with cosyntropin stimulation with intraprocedural cortisol and cut-off of selectivity >5 and lateralization >4 by a single radiologist.

RESULTS: Fifteen patients with median age of 50 …

Quality Care Is Equitable Care: A Call To Action To Link Quality To Achieving Health Equity Within Acute Care Surgery, Lisa M Knowlton, Tanya Zakrison, Lillian S Kao, Marta L Mccrum, Suresh Agarwal, Brandon Bruns, Kathie-Ann Joseph, Cherisse Berry

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Health equity is defined as the sixth domain of healthcare quality. Understanding health disparities in acute care surgery (defined as trauma surgery, emergency general surgery and surgical critical care) is key to identifying targets that will improve outcomes and ensure delivery of high-quality care within healthcare organizations. Implementing a health equity framework within institutions such that local acute care surgeons can ensure equity is a component of quality is imperative. Recognizing this need, the AAST (American Association for the Surgery of Trauma) Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Committee convened an expert panel entitled 'Quality Care is Equitable Care' at the 81st …

When Seeing Is Believing: A Framework For Reflective Conversations In Remote And Face-To-Face Coaching Approaches, Cheryl Varghese, April Crawford, Linda Morgan-Dorsey, Maram Ahmed, Laura Prendergast, Tracy Osborn

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Reflective conversations between teachers and coaches are critical to helping teachers improve their classroom instruction. Coaches who encourage teachers to "see, think, and do" are better able to facilitate meaningful reflective conversations with teachers. The "See, Think, Do" framework consists of six steps (observe, describe, process, analyze, draw conclusions, and plan) that can be used to help coaches engage in reflective conversations with teachers. The framework can be readily implemented in remote and face-to-face coaching modalities and in one-on-one and small group delivery formats. Suggestions and strategies for implementing the framework in ongoing coach-teacher conversations are provided.

Unsheltered Homeless And Unstably Housed Adults Have Higher Levels Of Stress And More Health Risk Factors Than Sheltered Homeless Adults, Chaelin K Ra, Emily T Hébert, Adam Alexander, Darla E Kendzor, Robert Suchting, Michael S Businelle

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In the United States, approximately 580,000 individuals were homeless on a single night in 2020. Homelessness can be categorized into three subgroups: sheltered homeless, unsheltered homeless, and unstably housed. Few studies have examined the relations between homelessness subtypes, shelter service utilization, levels of stress experienced, and health risk factors. This study aimed to empirically examine whether shelter status the previous night was related to current stress, recent utilization of shelter-based mental health services, and current health risk factors. Data were collected at multiple homeless shelters in 2016 in the Oklahoma City area (N=575). All participants completed assessments of demographic characteristics, …

Ifabp Levels Predict Visceral Malperfusion In The First Hours After Open Thoracoabdominal Aortic Repair, Panagiotis Doukas, Cathryn Bassett, Hanif Krabbe, Jelle Frankort, Michael J Jacobs, Moustafa Elfeky, Alexander Gombert

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Intestinal ischemia after open thoracoabdominal aortic repairs, is a rare but devastating complication, associated with high mortality. Notoriously challenging to diagnose, visceral malperfusion necessitates immediate surgical attention. Intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (IFABP) has been proposed as a biomarker for the diagnosis of intestinal wall damage. In this prospectively conducted, observational study we evaluated the diagnostic capacity of IFABP levels in patients' serum and their correlation with visceral malperfusion.

METHODS: 23 patients undergoing open thoracoabdominal aortic repairs were included in this study and 8 of them were diagnosed postoperatively with visceral malperfusion-defined as a partial or complete thrombotic occlusion of …

Examining The Role Of Autonomy Support, Goal Setting, And Care Coordination Quality On Hiv Prep Adherence In Black Men Who Have Sex With Men: Hptn 073, Donte T Boyd, Laron E Nelson, Mandy J Hill, Darren Whitfield, S Raquel Ramos, Samuel Akyirem, Lynda Emel, Leo Wilton, Lisa Hightow-Weidman, Steve Shoptaw, Manya Magnus, Kenneth H Mayer, Estelle Piwowar-Manning, Stephaun E Wallace, Sheldon D Fields, Darrell P Wheeler

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Autonomy support is a concept that is derived from self-determination theory. Autonomy refers to the freedom to act as one chooses. The current study aimed to examine if autonomy support was associated with dried blood spot validated pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence, and whether the association was mediated by PrEP adherence goal setting and progress toward PrEP adherence goals. Our sample was drawn from Black men who have sex with men (MSM) from across three cities (Chapel Hill, NC; Los Angeles, CA; and Washington, DC) in the United States between February 2013 and September 2014. We used logistic regression to evaluate …

Exaptation And Evolutionary Adaptation In Nociceptor Mechanisms Driving Persistent Pain, Edgar T Walters

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Several evolutionary explanations have been proposed for why chronic pain is a major clinical problem. One is that some mechanisms important for driving chronic pain, while maladaptive for modern humans, were adaptive because they enhanced survival. Evidence is reviewed for persistent nociceptor hyperactivity (PNH), known to promote chronic pain in rodents and humans, being an evolutionarily adaptive response to significant bodily injury, and primitive molecular mechanisms related to cellular injury and stress being exapted (co-opted or repurposed) to drive PNH and consequent pain.

Summary: PNH in a snail (Aplysia californica), squid (Doryteuthis pealeii), fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster), mice, rats, …

Oral Small Molecule Agents In Management Of Ulcerative Colitis: Fact Or Fancy?, Benan Kasapoğlu, Atilla Ertan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic, immune-mediated disease characterized by recurring episodes of mucosal inflammation in the colon and rectum. The primary pathogenic mechanism of ulcerative colitis is the dysregulation of the mucosal immune response. The disease follows a relapsing-remitting course, and the goal of management is to successfully induce and then maintain remission. Effectively managing this chronic disease requires addressing all aspects of it. Currently, we have various antitumor necrosis factor agents and novel biologics available for treating ulcerative colitis patients with moderate-to-severe disease. However, none of the existing treatments are considered entirely satisfactory or ideal in these cases. After …

Effect Of Concurrent Mitral Valve Surgery For Secondary Mitral Regurgitation Upon Mortality After Aortic Valve Replacement Or Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery, Shyamal R Asher, Chin Siang Ong, Raymond J Malapero, Mahyar Heydarpour, Gregory W Malzberg, Jasmine T Shahram, Thy B Nguyen, Douglas C Shook, Stanton K Shernan, Prem Shekar, Tsuyoshi Kaneko, Rodolfo Citro, Jochen D Muehlschlegel, Simon C Body

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES: It is uncertain whether concurrent mitral valve repair or replacement for moderate or greater secondary mitral regurgitation at the time of coronary artery bypass graft or aortic valve replacement surgery improves long-term survival.

METHODS: Patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft and/or aortic valve replacement surgery with moderate or greater secondary mitral regurgitation were reviewed. The effect of concurrent mitral valve repair or replacement upon long-term mortality was assessed while accounting for patient and operative characteristics and mitral regurgitation severity.

RESULTS: Of 1,515 patients, 938 underwent coronary artery bypass graft or aortic valve replacement surgery alone and 577 underwent concurrent …

G-Quadruplexes And Associated Proteins In Aging And Alzheimer’S Disease, M J Vijay Kumar, Rodrigo Morales, Andrey S Tsvetkov

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Aging is a prominent risk factor for many neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Alzheimer's disease is characterized by progressive cognitive decline, memory loss, and neuropsychiatric and behavioral symptoms, accounting for most of the reported dementia cases. This disease is now becoming a major challenge and burden on modern society, especially with the aging population. Over the last few decades, a significant understanding of the pathophysiology of AD has been gained by studying amyloid deposition, hyperphosphorylated tau, synaptic dysfunction, oxidative stress, calcium dysregulation, and neuroinflammation. This review focuses on the role of non-canonical secondary structures of DNA/RNA G-quadruplexes (G4s, …

Role Of Microrna-34a In Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability And Mitochondrial Function In Ischemic Stroke, Cole T Payne, Sidra Tabassum, Silin Wu, Heng Hu, Aaron M Gusdon, Huimahn A Choi, Xuefang S Ren

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Over the past decade, there has been an uptick in the number of studies conducting research on the role of microRNA (miRNA) molecules in stroke. Among these molecules, miR-34a has emerged as a significant player, as its levels have been observed to exhibit a substantial rise following ischemic events. Elevated levels of miR-34a have been found to have multiple effects, including the modulation of inflammatory molecules involved in the post-stroke recovery process, as well as negative effects on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Interestingly, the increase of miR-34a appears to increase BBB permeability post stroke, through the negative effect on …

Antimicrobial Activity Of Plasma Rich In Platelets (Prp) On The Ocular Microbiota Of Healthy Horses From Minas Gerais, Luis E C Torres, Camilo O Florez, Jéssica G Oliveira, Giovanna D Vieira, Ilza S Ribeiro, Kelly M Keller, Fabíola O P Leme, Priscila Fantini, Renata P A Maranhão

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In equine ophthalmology, ulcerative keratitis is among the most common conditions and, in general, arises as a consequence of some trauma suffered. Secondarily, subsequent contamination by pathogenic or resident bacteria of the horse's ocular microbiota may have undesirable consequences. Under physiological conditions, the normal microbiota coexists with the immune status of the host, serving as a barrier, ensuring the health of the ocular surface, and inhibiting the proliferation of pathogens. However, in the imbalance of immune barriers, the normal microbiota can become pathogenic and lead to infection, acting as an opportunistic agent. The present study aims to demonstrate the antimicrobial …

Isoprenylation Inhibition Significantly Reduces Ige Mediated Mast Cell Function And Allergic Disease, Jordan Dailey

Theses and Dissertations

Allergic disease is the 6^th leading cause of chronic illness in the US and accounts for billions of dollars in healthcare annually. Mast cells are tissue resident innate immune cells linked to allergic disease and activated by IgE and other ligands. Upon activation, they release histamine, cytokines, chemokines, proteases, and lipid mediators evoking allergic symptoms. New ways of targeting mast cells could greatly benefit allergic disease therapy. Previous findings supported repurposing statin drugs, such as Fluvastatin, as a therapeutic treatment of allergic disease reduced allergic symptoms in vitro and in vivo. We found that Fluvastatin suppressed IgE-mediated mast cell …

Molecular Mechanisms Of Prdm16 As A Tumor Suppressor In Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Eric Hurwitz

Theses and Dissertations

The transcription factor Prdm16 functions as a potent suppressor of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-b) signaling, whose inactivation is deemed essential to the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Using the Kras^G12D-based mouse model of human PDAC, we surprisingly found that ablating Prdm16 did not block but instead accelerated PDAC formation and progression, suggesting that Prdm16 might function as a tumor suppressor in this malignancy. Subsequent genetic experiments showed that ablating Prdm16 along with Smad4 resulted in a shift from a well-differentiated and confined neoplasm to a highly aggressive and metastatic disease, which was associated with a striking deviation …

Exosomal Lipid Biomarkers Of Oligodendrocyte Pathology To Predict Scoliosis In Children With Cerebral Palsy, Nune Darbinian, Emily C Sparks, Armine Darbinyan, Nana Merabova, Tamara Tatevosian-Geller, Katie Calaku, Sarah Bachman, Huaqing Zhao, Shohreh Amini, Laura Goetzl, Solomon P Samuel, Amer Samdani, Michael E Selzer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Cerebral Palsy (CP), the most common cause of disability in children, is phenotypically heterogeneous. Approximately 20% of cases develop severe scoliosis. A pathological hallmark of CP is periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), which is due to dysmyelination, suggesting the possibility of a lipidomic abnormality. Risk factors for CP include perinatal hypoxia, prematurity, multiple gestation, ischemia, infection, and maternal alcohol consumption. There is evidence for low serum levels of omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids in CP patients, and separately in idiopathic scoliosis. Many effects of free fatty acids (FFAs) are mediated via specific G protein-coupled free fatty acid receptors (FFARs), which play essential …

Maternal Blood Lipid Biomarkers Of Oligodendrocyte Pathology To Predict Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders, Nune Darbinian, Emily C Sparks, Armine Darbinyan, Nana Merabova, Gabriel Tatevosian, Ekaterina Vadachkoria, Huaqing Zhao, Shohreh Amini, Laura Goetzl, Michael E Selzer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Up to 9.9% of children have fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), the most frequent cause of intellectual disability in the US. FASD may involve abnormal brain development, including dysmyelination, suggesting abnormal development of oligodendrocytes (OLs), which make myelin and are rich in lipids. Indeed, low serum levels of omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3) have been reported in FASD. Free fatty acids bind to specific receptors (FFARs). We have isolated cell type-specific fetal brain-derived exosomes (FB-E) from maternal blood and sampled their contents to search for lipid-related biomarkers that predict FASD.

METHODS: Blood samples were collected from two groups of pregnant …

Adolescent Loneliness During The Covid-19 Pandemic: The Role Of Pre-Pandemic Risk Factors, Hena Thakur, Morgan Stutts, Jae Wan Choi, Jeff R Temple, Joseph R Cohen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The COVID-19 pandemic is a global mental health crisis that disproportionately impacts adolescents. Loneliness is a particularly salient pandemic psychosocial outcome to understand; however, research to date on this outcome is sparse and largely cross-sectional. In response, we examined pre-pandemic risk factors for pandemic loneliness. Further, we examined how risk may differ based on key demographics, and whether mediation or moderation models best explained potential disparities in experiencing loneliness. Self-reported, pre-pandemic mental health, trauma exposure, and family conflict survey data were collected at Wave 1 in a diverse sample of 369 adolescents (54.5% female, 45.5% male; 30.1% White; 30.9% Black; …

Are Trauma Surgeons Prepared? A Survey Of Trauma Surgeons’ Disaster Preparedness Before And During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jay Doucet, David V Shatz, Lewis J Kaplan, Eileen M Bulger, Jeannette Capella, Deborah A Kuhls, Mary Fallat, Kyle N Remick, Christopher Newton, Adam Fox, Randeep Jawa, John A Harvin, David P Blake, Marko Bukur, Jonathan Gates, James Ficke, Mark L Gestring, The American Association For Surgery Of Trauma Disaster Committee

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: US trauma centers (TCs) must remain prepared for mass casualty incidents (MCIs). However, trauma surgeons may lack formal MCI training. The recent COVID-19 pandemic drove multiple patient surges, overloaded Emergency Medical Services (EMS) agencies, and stressed TCs. This survey assessed trauma surgeons' MCI training, experience, and system and personal preparedness before the pandemic compared with the pandemic's third year.

METHODS: Survey invitations were emailed to all 1544 members of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma in 2019, and then resent in 2022 to 1575 members with additional questions regarding the pandemic. Questions assessed practice type, TC characteristics, …

Research On Cloud Manufacturing Service Recommendation Based On Graph Neural Network, Minghui Li, Xiaoqiu Shi, Yuqiang Shi, Yong Cai, Xuewen Dong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

There are an increasing number of manufacturing service resources appeared on the cloud manufacturing (CMfg) service platform recently, which leads to a serious information overloading problem to the enterprises that need these resources. To tackle this problem, a graph neural network-based recommendation method for CMfg service resources is proposed, which effectively overcomes some limitations of the traditional recommendation methods. Specifically, we first use different similarity calculation methods (e.g., Cosine similarity, Pearson correlation coefficient, etc.) to calculate the similarities between different resources based on the feature information of CMfg service resources. A resource graph dataset is accordingly established. A graph neural …

Incidental Vascular Lesion In Explanted Liver: A Rare Case Report And Review Of The Literature, Rossana Kazemimood, Shohreh Eliaszadeh, Kenneth Wind

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Hepatic small vessel neoplasm (HSVN) is a rare vascular hepatic lesion that is usually an asymptomatic incidental finding. Here we present a case of a 66-year-old male with HSVN who was discovered to have a lesion presenting as a small nodule in an explanted liver. HSVN is a recently described hepatic vascular lesion that has been previously underdiagnosed. It has an uncertain long-term malignant potential, so close follow-up is recommended.

Feasibility Of And Experience Using A Portable Mri Scanner In The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit., Maura Sien, Amie L. Robinson, Houchun H. Hu, Christopher R. Nitkin, Ara Hall, Marcie G. Files, Nathan S. Artz, John T. Pitts, Sherwin S. Chan

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVE: A portable, low-field MRI system is now Food and Drug Administration cleared and has been shown to be safe and useful in adult intensive care unit settings. No neonatal studies have been performed. The objective is to assess our preliminary experience and assess feasibility of using the portable MRI system at the bedside in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at a quaternary children's hospital.

STUDY DESIGN: This was a single-site prospective cohort study in neonates ≥2 kg conducted between October and December 2020. All parents provided informed consent. Neonates underwent portable MRI examination in the NICU with support …

Dermatologic Manifestations Of Rheumatic Disease: Cutaneous Manifestations Of Vasculitides, Julianna S. Kang, Julia Nunley, Tiffany Ho, Mavra Masood, Fnu Nutan, Beth Rubinstein

Open Textbooks and Course Materials

This OER is a part of the Dermatologic Manifestations of Rheumatic Disease project, which provides overviews of the identification, diagnosis, and workup for different rheumatologic diseases, with a focus on providing examples from persons of color (POC). This work seeks to fill gaps and exclusionary practices in medical education practices and resources and diagnostic frameworks in regards to skin of color. This lack of representation bodes significant repercussions on the ability of future physicians to deliver equitable care for an increasingly diverse US population. Each module consists of a similar Powerpoint format, which includes key objectives, hypothetical disease cases, an …