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Articles 16801 - 16830 of 76901

Full-Text Articles in Medical Specialties

Exploring The Connection Between Diabetes Distress And Diabulimia, Stephen Poos, Misha Faerovitch, Celeste Pinto, Nima Jamalkhani, Fahad Chaudhri, Satara Khan, David F. Lo, Kaitlin Mcgowan, Ashaki Martin, Don D. Shamilov May 2024

Exploring The Connection Between Diabetes Distress And Diabulimia, Stephen Poos, Misha Faerovitch, Celeste Pinto, Nima Jamalkhani, Fahad Chaudhri, Satara Khan, David F. Lo, Kaitlin Mcgowan, Ashaki Martin, Don D. Shamilov

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Diabulimia is a disordered eating behavior that involves an individual with type 1 DM withholding insulin injection to lose weight. Diabetes distress, a term used to describe the psychological stress associated with managing diabetes, is believed to be the cause of this condition. This review aims to assess whether individuals with diabulimia have measurable evidence of diabetes distress. Studies that described patients qualitative experiences with Diabulimia were matched and compared to the criteria in the Diabetes Distress Scale. Over 40 of the 185 individuals across twelve studies were found to meet one or more criteria from the Diabetes Distress Scale. …


Evaluation Of The Efficacy Of Novel Drugs And Combinations Against Extensively- And Pan-Drug Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii Isolates, Keertana Jonnalagadda, Rachel Carr, Valerie Carabetta May 2024

Evaluation Of The Efficacy Of Novel Drugs And Combinations Against Extensively- And Pan-Drug Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii Isolates, Keertana Jonnalagadda, Rachel Carr, Valerie Carabetta

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Acinetobacter baumannii, a Gram-negative, nosocomial, opportunistic pathogen is commonly infectious in immunocompromised patients. More specifically patients develop healthcare-associated infections (HAI) spanning beyond sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis, and urinary tract infections. Due to its rapid ability to acquire antibiotic resistance, it has raised the necessity to discern a novel therapeutic treatment that can be effectively used against the multidrug resistant (MDR) A. baumannii. Cooper University Hospital (CUH) faced an increased case load of patients that were infected with MDR A. baumannii. The patient isolates obtained from CUH were highly resistant to the 22 standard-of-care antibiotics. With the recent introduction …


How Psychological And Nonpharmacological Treatment Modalities Reduce The Disease Burden Of Amplified Musculoskeletal Pain Syndromes In Pediatrics, Aalia Narvel, Sabrina Gmuca May 2024

How Psychological And Nonpharmacological Treatment Modalities Reduce The Disease Burden Of Amplified Musculoskeletal Pain Syndromes In Pediatrics, Aalia Narvel, Sabrina Gmuca

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

The prevalence of pediatric chronic musculoskeletal pain ranges from 8.5% to 40%.1 This literature review examined the treatment of amplified musculoskeletal pain syndrome (AMPS), which is a general term that represents a spectrum of pain disorders for patients who may not satisfy specific diagnostic criteria.2 Specifically, sources were analyzed to compare the efficacy of individual components in the nonpharmacological, interdisciplinary treatment of AMPS against pain medications. These components included cognitive behavioral psychotherapy (CBT), physical therapy (PT), as well as occupational therapy (OT). There is limited information that assesses these components individually, but there is ample evidence that when …


Transcranial Electrical Stimulation As A Treatment For Aging-Related Cognitive Disorders: Review Of Published Evidence, Srujan Dadi, Kyle Jackson, Don Shamilov May 2024

Transcranial Electrical Stimulation As A Treatment For Aging-Related Cognitive Disorders: Review Of Published Evidence, Srujan Dadi, Kyle Jackson, Don Shamilov

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and MCI are a major concern in modern neuropsychiatric care, chiefly for their difficult management. This strategic literature review categorizes MCI via the Jak-Bondi criteria and relates it to tES treatment paradigms. Commonly used outcome measures and regional brain mapping data synergizes associations between MCI pathology and potential tES treatment targets. Effect sizes were calculated and attributed to outcome measures based on primary articles evaluating the efficacy of tES. These were then corresponded to a desired Jack-Bondi classification. A better understanding of the efficacy of tES on specific brain regions in synergy with diagnostic criteria will allow …


Neoadjuvant Versus Adjuvant Therapy For Stage Iiib-Iiid Melanoma, Bhumik Patel, Sangnya Upadhyaya May 2024

Neoadjuvant Versus Adjuvant Therapy For Stage Iiib-Iiid Melanoma, Bhumik Patel, Sangnya Upadhyaya

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

The treatment landscape for advanced stage melanoma is rapidly evolving due to advancements in our understanding of melanoma biology and the emergence of novel therapies. This necessitates a comprehensive review to guide clinicians in adopting evidence based and patient centric approaches to treat stage IIIB-IIID melanoma. A literature review was conducted to synthesize current information on the most optimal treatment available. Data available from different clinical trials found that neoadjuvant therapy was a more effective treatment compared to adjuvant therapies alone. Furthermore, neoadjuvant therapy with combination therapy was more efficacious in producing a complete pathological response compared to monotherapy. A …


A Hiccup In The Road: Omm In The Medically Complex, Catherine F. Alapatt May 2024

A Hiccup In The Road: Omm In The Medically Complex, Catherine F. Alapatt

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Many patients in the hospital require multiple medications to treat their medical concerns. While medications may be highly effective, they can cause a variety of side effects. Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine (OMM) can be used as an adjuvant therapy, potentially decreasing the number of medications that patients are on and their side effects. We present a unique case of a patient with intractable hiccups who could not be solely managed with medications alone. OMM was used in this patient’s treatment plan, reducing the number of medications. The implications of this case demonstrate the need for OMM to be used more frequently …


Serum Antibodies To Periodontal Pathogens And Anti-Malondialdehyde-Acetaldehyde: Potential Role In The Interrelationship Between The Periodontium And Rheumatoid Arthritis, Joyce Lee May 2024

Serum Antibodies To Periodontal Pathogens And Anti-Malondialdehyde-Acetaldehyde: Potential Role In The Interrelationship Between The Periodontium And Rheumatoid Arthritis, Joyce Lee

Theses & Dissertations

Objectives: Study 1 – To quantify associations between anti-Porphyromonas gingivalis, anti-Prevotella intermedia, and anti-Fusobacterium nucleatum serum antibody concentrations and risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Study 2 – To test if periodontal clinical measures, alveolar bone loss (ABL), and the aforementioned serum anti-bacterial antibody concentrations are associated with anti-malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde (MAA) serum antibody concentrations.

Methods: Study 1 – Serum samples pre- and post- RA diagnosis (n=214 cases, 210 matched controls) from the U.S. Department of Defense Serum Repository were utilized to compare timing of elevations of anti-bacterial antibody concentrations relative to RA diagnosis and associations …


Using Genome And Transcriptome Data From African-Ancestry Female Participants To Identify Putative Breast Cancer Susceptibility Genes, Jie Ping, Guochong Jia, Qiuyin Cai, Xingyi Guo, Ran Tao, Christine Ambrosone, Dezheng Huo, Stefan Ambs, Mollie E Barnard, Yu Chen, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Jian Gu, Jennifer J Hu, Esther M John, Christopher I Li, Katherine Nathanson, Barbara Nemesure, Olufunmilayo I Olopade, Tuya Pal, Michael F Press, Maureen Sanderson, Dale P Sandler, Toshio Yoshimatsu, Prisca O Adejumo, Thomas Ahearn, Abenaa M Brewster, Anselm J M Hennis, Timothy Makumbi, Paul Ndom, Katie M O'Brien, Andrew F Olshan, Mojisola M Oluwasanu, Sonya Reid, Song Yao, Ebonee N Butler, Maosheng Huang, Atara Ntekim, Bingshan Li, Melissa A Troester, Julie R Palmer, Christopher A Haiman, Jirong Long, Wei Zheng May 2024

Using Genome And Transcriptome Data From African-Ancestry Female Participants To Identify Putative Breast Cancer Susceptibility Genes, Jie Ping, Guochong Jia, Qiuyin Cai, Xingyi Guo, Ran Tao, Christine Ambrosone, Dezheng Huo, Stefan Ambs, Mollie E Barnard, Yu Chen, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Jian Gu, Jennifer J Hu, Esther M John, Christopher I Li, Katherine Nathanson, Barbara Nemesure, Olufunmilayo I Olopade, Tuya Pal, Michael F Press, Maureen Sanderson, Dale P Sandler, Toshio Yoshimatsu, Prisca O Adejumo, Thomas Ahearn, Abenaa M Brewster, Anselm J M Hennis, Timothy Makumbi, Paul Ndom, Katie M O'Brien, Andrew F Olshan, Mojisola M Oluwasanu, Sonya Reid, Song Yao, Ebonee N Butler, Maosheng Huang, Atara Ntekim, Bingshan Li, Melissa A Troester, Julie R Palmer, Christopher A Haiman, Jirong Long, Wei Zheng

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

African-ancestry (AA) participants are underrepresented in genetics research. Here, we conducted a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) in AA female participants to identify putative breast cancer susceptibility genes. We built genetic models to predict levels of gene expression, exon junction, and 3' UTR alternative polyadenylation using genomic and transcriptomic data generated in normal breast tissues from 150 AA participants and then used these models to perform association analyses using genomic data from 18,034 cases and 22,104 controls. At Bonferroni-corrected P < 0.05, we identified six genes associated with breast cancer risk, including four genes not previously reported (CTD-3080P12.3, EN1, LINC01956 and NUP210L). Most of these genes showed a stronger association with risk of estrogen-receptor (ER) negative or triple-negative than ER-positive breast cancer. We also replicated the associations with 29 genes reported in previous TWAS at P < 0.05 (one-sided), providing further support for an association of these genes with breast cancer risk. Our study sheds new light on the genetic basis of breast cancer and highlights the value of conducting research in AA populations.


Kras G12c Inhibitor Combination Therapies: Current Evidence And Challenge, Hirotaka Miyashita, Shumei Kato, David S Hong May 2024

Kras G12c Inhibitor Combination Therapies: Current Evidence And Challenge, Hirotaka Miyashita, Shumei Kato, David S Hong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Although KRAS G12C inhibitors have proven that KRAS is a "druggable" target of cancer, KRAS G12C inhibitor monotherapies have demonstrated limited clinical efficacy due to primary and acquired resistance mechanisms. Multiple combinations of KRAS G12C inhibitors with other targeted therapies, such as RTK, SHP2, and MEK inhibitors, have been investigated in clinical trials to overcome the resistance. They have demonstrated promising efficacy especially by combining KRAS G12C and EGFR inhibitors for KRAS G12C-mutated colorectal cancer. Many clinical trials of combinations of KRAS G12C inhibitors with other targeted therapies, such as SOS1, ERK, CDK4/6, and wild-type RAS, are ongoing. Furthermore, preclinical …


Diet Quality As Assessed By The Healthy Eating Index-2020 Among Different Smoking Status: An Analysis Of National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (Nhanes) Data From 2005 To 2018, Ting Luo, Tung Sung Tseng May 2024

Diet Quality As Assessed By The Healthy Eating Index-2020 Among Different Smoking Status: An Analysis Of National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (Nhanes) Data From 2005 To 2018, Ting Luo, Tung Sung Tseng

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Background: Combining smoking with poor eating habits significantly elevates the risk of chronic illnesses and early death. Understanding of how dietary quality shifts post-smoking cessation remains limited. The objective of this study is to examine dietary quality – using Healthy Eating Index (HEI – 2020) and its 13 components, among current, former, and never smokers, and particularly the impact of quitting and the duration of cessation on dietary habits. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 31,569 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2018 was conducted. Dietary quality was assessed using HEI-2020 scores, which were determined by NIH …


Validating A 3d-Printed Endovascular Simulator For Use In Training Surgical Residents, Paarth Jain, Jeremy Zack, Lauren Schlegel, Eva Varotsis, Robert S. Pugliese, Michael Nooromid, Babak Abai May 2024

Validating A 3d-Printed Endovascular Simulator For Use In Training Surgical Residents, Paarth Jain, Jeremy Zack, Lauren Schlegel, Eva Varotsis, Robert S. Pugliese, Michael Nooromid, Babak Abai

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Objective: Three-dimensional (3D)-printed endovascular models can be an accessible alternative to expensive, state-of-the-art endovascular simulators but currently lack the rigorous validation needed to be dependable educational tools. This study describes the manufacture of a 3D-printed endovascular model of an aorta and determines the construct validity and preliminary content and face validity of the model. Methods: A 3D-printed aorta was created using segmented data from a patient computerized tomography scan and a FormLabs 3B 3D printer with FormLabs Clear resin. Participants were asked to perform two tasks from a femoral access point: catheterize the contralateral common iliac artery and the superior …


Sexual Function In Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., Hester Pastoor, Aya Mousa, Hanneke Bolt, Wichor Bramer, Tania S. Burgert, Anuja Dokras, Chau Thien Tay, Helena J. Teede, Joop Laven May 2024

Sexual Function In Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., Hester Pastoor, Aya Mousa, Hanneke Bolt, Wichor Bramer, Tania S. Burgert, Anuja Dokras, Chau Thien Tay, Helena J. Teede, Joop Laven

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common and distressing endocrine disorder associated with lower quality of life, subfertility, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, depression, anxiety, and eating disorders. PCOS characteristics, its comorbidities, and its treatment can potentially influence sexual function. However, studies on sexual function in women with PCOS are limited and contradictory.

OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE: The aim was to perform a systematic review of the published literature on sexual function in women with PCOS and assess the quality of the research and certainty of outcomes, to inform the 2023 International Guidelines for the Assessment and Management of PCOS.

SEARCH METHODS: …


Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Us Perspective On The Guideline Gap, Maricar Malinis, Lilian Abbo, Jose A Vazquez, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner May 2024

Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Us Perspective On The Guideline Gap, Maricar Malinis, Lilian Abbo, Jose A Vazquez, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Community-acquired pneumonia continues to be one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality due to infectious disease. The aetiologies, clinical presentations, diagnostic modalities and therapeutic options are changing and outpacing the creation of management guidelines. This educational article summarizes a roundtable activity sponsored by an unrestricted educational grant by Paratek that included US experts discussing these changes and identifying gaps in the current guidelines.


Mdm2 Inhibitors For Cancer Therapy: The Past, Present, And Future, Wei Wang, Najah Albadari, Yi Du, Josef F Fowler, Hannah T Sang, Wa Xian, Frank Mckeon, Wei Li, Jia Zhou, Ruiwen Zhang May 2024

Mdm2 Inhibitors For Cancer Therapy: The Past, Present, And Future, Wei Wang, Najah Albadari, Yi Du, Josef F Fowler, Hannah T Sang, Wa Xian, Frank Mckeon, Wei Li, Jia Zhou, Ruiwen Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Since its discovery over 35 years ago, MDM2 has emerged as an attractive target for the development of cancer therapy. MDM2's activities extend from carcinogenesis to immunity to the response to various cancer therapies. Since the report of the first MDM2 inhibitor more than 30 years ago, various approaches to inhibit MDM2 have been attempted, with hundreds of small-molecule inhibitors evaluated in preclinical studies and numerous molecules tested in clinical trials. Although many MDM2 inhibitors and degraders have been evaluated in clinical trials, there is currently no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved MDM2 inhibitor on the market. Nevertheless, there are …


Tsyn-Seq: A T-Cell Synapse-Based Antigen Identification Platform, Yimei Jin, Takahiko Miyama, Alexandria Brown, Tomo Hayase, Xingzhi Song, Anand K Singh, Licai Huang, Ivonne I Flores, Lauren K Mcdaniel, Israel Glover, Taylor M Halsey, Rishika Prasad, Valerie Chapa, Saira Ahmed, Jianhua Zhang, Kunal Rai, Christine B Peterson, Gregory Lizee, Jennifer Karmouch, Eiko Hayase, Jeffrey J Molldrem, Chia-Chi Chang, Wen-Bin Tsai, Robert R Jenq May 2024

Tsyn-Seq: A T-Cell Synapse-Based Antigen Identification Platform, Yimei Jin, Takahiko Miyama, Alexandria Brown, Tomo Hayase, Xingzhi Song, Anand K Singh, Licai Huang, Ivonne I Flores, Lauren K Mcdaniel, Israel Glover, Taylor M Halsey, Rishika Prasad, Valerie Chapa, Saira Ahmed, Jianhua Zhang, Kunal Rai, Christine B Peterson, Gregory Lizee, Jennifer Karmouch, Eiko Hayase, Jeffrey J Molldrem, Chia-Chi Chang, Wen-Bin Tsai, Robert R Jenq

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Tools for genome-wide rapid identification of peptide-major histocompatibility complex targets of T-cell receptors (TCR) are not yet universally available. We present a new antigen screening method, the T-synapse (Tsyn) reporter system, which includes antigen-presenting cells (APC) with a Fas-inducible NF-κB reporter and T cells with a nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) reporter. To functionally screen for target antigens from a cDNA library, productively interacting T cell-APC aggregates were detected by dual-reporter activity and enriched by flow sorting followed by antigen identification quantified by deep sequencing (Tsyn-seq). When applied to a previously characterized TCR specific for the E7 antigen …


Fam86a Methylation Of Eef2 Links Mrna Translation Elongation To Tumorigenesis, Joel William Francis, Simone Hausmann, Sabeen Ikram, Kunlun Yin, Robert Mealey-Farr, Natasha Mahealani Flores, Annie Truc Trinh, Tourkian Chasan, Julia Thompson, Pawel Karol Mazur, Or Gozani May 2024

Fam86a Methylation Of Eef2 Links Mrna Translation Elongation To Tumorigenesis, Joel William Francis, Simone Hausmann, Sabeen Ikram, Kunlun Yin, Robert Mealey-Farr, Natasha Mahealani Flores, Annie Truc Trinh, Tourkian Chasan, Julia Thompson, Pawel Karol Mazur, Or Gozani

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

eEF2 post-translational modifications (PTMs) can profoundly affect mRNA translation dynamics. However, the physiologic function of eEF2K525 trimethylation (eEF2K525me3), a PTM catalyzed by the enzyme FAM86A, is unknown. Here, we find that FAM86A methylation of eEF2 regulates nascent elongation to promote protein synthesis and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) pathogenesis. The principal physiologic substrate of FAM86A is eEF2, with K525me3 modeled to facilitate productive eEF2-ribosome engagement during translocation. FAM86A depletion in LUAD cells causes 80S monosome accumulation and mRNA translation inhibition. FAM86A is overexpressed in LUAD and eEF2K525me3 levels increase through advancing LUAD disease stages. FAM86A knockdown attenuates LUAD cell proliferation and suppression …


The Clinical Utility And Diagnostic Implementation Of Human Subject Cell Transdifferentiation Followed By Rna Sequencing, Shenglan Li, Sen Zhao, Jefferson C Sinson, Aleksandar Bajic, Jill A Rosenfeld, Matthew B Neeley, Mezthly Pena, Kim C Worley, Lindsay C Burrage, Monika Weisz-Hubshman, Shamika Ketkar, William J Craigen, Gary D Clark, Seema Lalani, Carlos A Bacino, Keren Machol, Hsiao-Tuan Chao, Lorraine Potocki, Lisa Emrick, Jennifer Sheppard, My T T Nguyen, Anahita Khoramnia, Paula Patricia Hernandez, Sandesh Cs Nagamani, Zhandong Liu, Christine M Eng, Brendan Lee, Pengfei Liu May 2024

The Clinical Utility And Diagnostic Implementation Of Human Subject Cell Transdifferentiation Followed By Rna Sequencing, Shenglan Li, Sen Zhao, Jefferson C Sinson, Aleksandar Bajic, Jill A Rosenfeld, Matthew B Neeley, Mezthly Pena, Kim C Worley, Lindsay C Burrage, Monika Weisz-Hubshman, Shamika Ketkar, William J Craigen, Gary D Clark, Seema Lalani, Carlos A Bacino, Keren Machol, Hsiao-Tuan Chao, Lorraine Potocki, Lisa Emrick, Jennifer Sheppard, My T T Nguyen, Anahita Khoramnia, Paula Patricia Hernandez, Sandesh Cs Nagamani, Zhandong Liu, Christine M Eng, Brendan Lee, Pengfei Liu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) has recently been used in translational research settings to facilitate diagnoses of Mendelian disorders. A significant obstacle for clinical laboratories in adopting RNA-seq is the low or absent expression of a significant number of disease-associated genes/transcripts in clinically accessible samples. As this is especially problematic in neurological diseases, we developed a clinical diagnostic approach that enhanced the detection and evaluation of tissue-specific genes/transcripts through fibroblast-to-neuron cell transdifferentiation. The approach is designed specifically to suit clinical implementation, emphasizing simplicity, cost effectiveness, turnaround time, and reproducibility. For clinical validation, we generated induced neurons (iNeurons) from 71 individuals with primary …


Response Of Treatment-Naive Brain Metastases To Stereotactic Radiosurgery, Chibawanye I Ene, Christina Abi Faraj, Thomas H Beckham, Jeffrey S Weinberg, Clark R Andersen, Ali S Haider, Ganesh Rao, Sherise D Ferguson, Christopher A Alvarez-Brenkenridge, Betty Y S Kim, Amy B Heimberger, Ian E Mccutcheon, Sujit S Prabhu, Chenyang Michael Wang, Amol J Ghia, Susan L Mcgovern, Caroline Chung, Mary Frances Mcaleer, Martin C Tom, Subha Perni, Todd A Swanson, Debra N Yeboa, Tina M Briere, Jason T Huse, Gregory N Fuller, Frederick F Lang, Jing Li, Dima Suki, Raymond E Sawaya May 2024

Response Of Treatment-Naive Brain Metastases To Stereotactic Radiosurgery, Chibawanye I Ene, Christina Abi Faraj, Thomas H Beckham, Jeffrey S Weinberg, Clark R Andersen, Ali S Haider, Ganesh Rao, Sherise D Ferguson, Christopher A Alvarez-Brenkenridge, Betty Y S Kim, Amy B Heimberger, Ian E Mccutcheon, Sujit S Prabhu, Chenyang Michael Wang, Amol J Ghia, Susan L Mcgovern, Caroline Chung, Mary Frances Mcaleer, Martin C Tom, Subha Perni, Todd A Swanson, Debra N Yeboa, Tina M Briere, Jason T Huse, Gregory N Fuller, Frederick F Lang, Jing Li, Dima Suki, Raymond E Sawaya

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

With improvements in survival for patients with metastatic cancer, long-term local control of brain metastases has become an increasingly important clinical priority. While consensus guidelines recommend surgery followed by stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for lesions >3 cm, smaller lesions (≤3 cm) treated with SRS alone elicit variable responses. To determine factors influencing this variable response to SRS, we analyzed outcomes of brain metastases ≤3 cm diameter in patients with no prior systemic therapy treated with frame-based single-fraction SRS. Following SRS, 259 out of 1733 (15%) treated lesions demonstrated MRI findings concerning for local treatment failure (LTF), of which 202 /1733 (12%) …


De Novo Genome Assembly For The Coppery Titi Monkey (Plecturocebus Cupreus): An Emerging Nonhuman Primate Model For Behavioral Research, Susanne P Pfeifer, Alexander Baxter, Logan E Savidge, Fritz J Sedlazeck, Karen L Bales May 2024

De Novo Genome Assembly For The Coppery Titi Monkey (Plecturocebus Cupreus): An Emerging Nonhuman Primate Model For Behavioral Research, Susanne P Pfeifer, Alexander Baxter, Logan E Savidge, Fritz J Sedlazeck, Karen L Bales

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The coppery titi monkey (Plecturocebus cupreus) is an emerging nonhuman primate model system for behavioral and neurobiological research. At the same time, the almost entire absence of genomic resources for the species has hampered insights into the genetic underpinnings of the phenotypic traits of interest. To facilitate future genotype-to-phenotype studies, we here present a high-quality, fully annotated de novo genome assembly for the species with chromosome-length scaffolds spanning the autosomes and chromosome X (scaffold N50 = 130.8 Mb), constructed using data obtained from several orthologous short- and long-read sequencing and scaffolding techniques. With a base-level accuracy of ∼99.99% in chromosome-length …


Comprehensive Atrial Fibrillation Burden And Symptom Reduction Post-Ablation: Insights From Decaaf Ii, Charbel Noujaim, Ala Assaf, Chanho Lim, Han Feng, Hadi Younes, Mario Mekhael, Nour Chouman, Ghaith Shamaileh, Abdel Hadi El Hajjar, Tarek Ayoub, Nino Isakadze, Mihail G Chelu, Nassir Marrouche, Eoin Donnellan May 2024

Comprehensive Atrial Fibrillation Burden And Symptom Reduction Post-Ablation: Insights From Decaaf Ii, Charbel Noujaim, Ala Assaf, Chanho Lim, Han Feng, Hadi Younes, Mario Mekhael, Nour Chouman, Ghaith Shamaileh, Abdel Hadi El Hajjar, Tarek Ayoub, Nino Isakadze, Mihail G Chelu, Nassir Marrouche, Eoin Donnellan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Aims: Traditional atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after catheter ablation is reported as a binary outcome. However, a paradigm shift towards a more granular definition, considering arrhythmic or symptomatic burden, is emerging. We hypothesize that ablation reduces AF burden independently of conventional recurrence status in patients with persistent AF, correlating with symptom burden reduction.

Methods and results: Ninety-eight patients with persistent AF from the DECAAF II trial with pre-ablation follow-up were included. Patients recorded daily single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) strips, defining AF burden as the proportion of AF days among total submitted ECG days. The primary outcome was atrial arrhythmia recurrence. The …


Outcomes Of Mechanical Circulatory Support In Stemi Patients With Cardiogenic Shock: Insights From The National Inpatient Sample, Rahul Gupta, Chukwuemeka Umeh, Priya Hotwani Md, Gagan Kaur, Raghav Dhawan, Benson Eghreriniovo, Tamanna Mohta, Payaam Mahdavian, Eseosa Sanwo, Sabina Kumar, Mark A. Zainea, Jay Mohan May 2024

Outcomes Of Mechanical Circulatory Support In Stemi Patients With Cardiogenic Shock: Insights From The National Inpatient Sample, Rahul Gupta, Chukwuemeka Umeh, Priya Hotwani Md, Gagan Kaur, Raghav Dhawan, Benson Eghreriniovo, Tamanna Mohta, Payaam Mahdavian, Eseosa Sanwo, Sabina Kumar, Mark A. Zainea, Jay Mohan

Internal Medicine Residency

Background

Cardiogenic shock has been associated with a high mortality rate despite advances in mechanical circulatory support. Data is inconsistent as the majority of patients in the current trials are SCAI stage E, or data is combined with heart failure and STEMI cardiogenic shock.

Methods

Data was extracted from the 2020 United States National Inpatient data set. The diagnosis criteria were “STEMI” and “Cardiogenic shock”. The primary outcome of interest was comparing mortality in those patients who received mechanical circulatory support vs. those who did not in STEMI Cardiogenic shock.

Results

There were 4,302 patients with STEMI and cardiogenic shock, …


An Exploratory Study Investigating The Potential Application Of Coping Strategies For Pain Used By Athletes And Their Potential Application To Patients Dealing With Chronic Pain, Joseph D. Harrington, Bs, Erika L. Manning, Phd, Md, Mph, Robert J. Diecidue, Dmd, Md, Mba, Msph May 2024

An Exploratory Study Investigating The Potential Application Of Coping Strategies For Pain Used By Athletes And Their Potential Application To Patients Dealing With Chronic Pain, Joseph D. Harrington, Bs, Erika L. Manning, Phd, Md, Mph, Robert J. Diecidue, Dmd, Md, Mba, Msph

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Posters

Abstract

  • High-level athletes often have elevated tolerance for experimental pain methods.1
  • Research has not focused on the specific mechanisms behind this.
  • The current study was designed to assess the potential role of coping strategies in this elevated pain tolerance - Phase 2 will examine if they can be taught to chronic orofacial pain patients.
  • During Phase 1, the Coping Strategies Questionnaire2 was modified for athletes and was distributed to 50 athletes to assess how athletes dealt with pain.
  • In comparison to TMD patients, more of the athletes reported that they chose to ignore or reinterpret the pain, or …


Sdrnas Participate In The Maintenance And Onset Of Prostate Cancer, Neil Chaudhary May 2024

Sdrnas Participate In The Maintenance And Onset Of Prostate Cancer, Neil Chaudhary

Poster Presentations

What is an sdRNA? Noncoding RNA (ncRNA) is a class of RNA that includes microRNA (miRNA) and small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA). Fragments excised from ncRNAs are known as noncodingderived RNA (ndRNA). A certain class of ndRNAs that are derived from snoRNAs have been denoted as Small Nucleolar Derived RNAs (sdRNAs). Our lab has previously hypothesized and demonstrated that sdRNAs display regulatory functions on target genes, similar to the functions of miRNAs. sdRNAs are almost identical to microRNAs and differ mainly in their source of origin.

Our lab has shown that sdRNA-93 is frequently misexpressed in breast cancer cell lines and …


Increasing Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Uptake In Primary Care Using The 4 Pillars Program: A Quality Improvement Project, Hannah Lyons May 2024

Increasing Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Uptake In Primary Care Using The 4 Pillars Program: A Quality Improvement Project, Hannah Lyons

The Eleanor Mann School of Nursing DNP Capstone Projects

Aim: To explore the effectiveness of the 4 Pillars Program on increasing human papillomavirus vaccination use in patients ages 9-18 years.

Design: A retrospective quasi-experimental research design comparing pre- and post-implementation human papillomavirus vaccination rates.

Keywords: human papillomavirus, vaccination, pillars, program, communication, tool, quasi-experimental, retrospective

Methods: A retrospective chart review identified the rate of encounters per provider where the human papillomavirus vaccine was administered to patients ages 9-18 years. Interventions including increasing access to the vaccine, standardizing provider recommendation of the vaccine, enhancing utilization of the electronic health record, and introducing a vaccine champion, known as …


Nationwide Outcomes In Intermediate To High-Risk Pulmonary Embolism Treated With Catheter-Based Therapies, Chukwuemeka Umeh, Rahul Gupta, Priya Hotwani Md, Sabina Kumar, Mark A. Zainea, Jay Mohan May 2024

Nationwide Outcomes In Intermediate To High-Risk Pulmonary Embolism Treated With Catheter-Based Therapies, Chukwuemeka Umeh, Rahul Gupta, Priya Hotwani Md, Sabina Kumar, Mark A. Zainea, Jay Mohan

Internal Medicine Residency

Background

The mortality rate of pulmonary embolism is as high as 30% and affects 900,000 individuals in the United States per year. Catheter-based therapies (CBT), including catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) and mechanical thrombectomy (MT), have been developed to treat patients with intermediate- and high-risk pulmonary embolisms. This study aims to characterize the outcomes in patients admitted with intermediate or high-risk pulmonary embolism treated with MT compared with CDT.

Methods

The 2020 National Inpatient Sample data was used to analyze outcomes in hospitalized pulmonary embolism patients who received CDT and MT. The primary and secondary outcomes were in-hospital mortality, length of hospital …


In-Hospital Outcomes Of Patients With Lung Cancer With And Without Superior Vena Cava Thrombosis: A Nationwide Analysis., Ankushi Sanghvi, Dhairya Nanavaty, Sagar Patel, Bhavyakumar Vachhani, Mrunanjali Gaddam, Manasa Ginjupalli, Jayalekshmi Jayakumar, Nawaraj Adhikari, Rishav Sinha, Vikash Kumar, Priya Hotwani Md, Ahmed Nadeem May 2024

In-Hospital Outcomes Of Patients With Lung Cancer With And Without Superior Vena Cava Thrombosis: A Nationwide Analysis., Ankushi Sanghvi, Dhairya Nanavaty, Sagar Patel, Bhavyakumar Vachhani, Mrunanjali Gaddam, Manasa Ginjupalli, Jayalekshmi Jayakumar, Nawaraj Adhikari, Rishav Sinha, Vikash Kumar, Priya Hotwani Md, Ahmed Nadeem

Internal Medicine Residency

Meeting Abstract: 2024 ASCO Annual Meeting

Background: Malignant superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is a clinical problem that results from the obstruction of blood flow in the superior vena cava by an underlying malignancy. It may be caused by external compression or internal obstruction due to a thrombus or direct invasion by tumor cells. Though lung malignancy is the most common cause of SVCS, there is a lack of data on in-hospital outcomes in these patients. Methods: We queried the National Inpatient Sample 2018-2020 to identify hospitalizations with lung cancer including both small cell and non small cell lung cancer. …


Intravascular Ultrasound In Percutaneous Coronary Interventions: A Nationwide Overview Of Its Use And Outcomes, Priya Hotwani Md, Chukwuemeka Umeh Md, Rahul Gupta, Gagan Kaur Md, Raghav Dhawan, Benson Eghreriniovo, Tamanna Mohta, Payaam Mahdavian Md, Jessica Ekomerei Obi, Eseosa Sanwo, Sabina Kumar Do, Mark A. Zainea Md Fscai, Jay Mohan Do Fscai May 2024

Intravascular Ultrasound In Percutaneous Coronary Interventions: A Nationwide Overview Of Its Use And Outcomes, Priya Hotwani Md, Chukwuemeka Umeh Md, Rahul Gupta, Gagan Kaur Md, Raghav Dhawan, Benson Eghreriniovo, Tamanna Mohta, Payaam Mahdavian Md, Jessica Ekomerei Obi, Eseosa Sanwo, Sabina Kumar Do, Mark A. Zainea Md Fscai, Jay Mohan Do Fscai

Internal Medicine Residency

Background

Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is a valuable adjunct to angiography, aiding interventionists in evaluating lesion severity, plaque morphology, stent apposition, stent expansion, and edge dissection. IVUS-guided PCI may increase procedure time but can lead to increased stent patency rates. This study aims to provide insights into the comparative outcomes of IVUS and non-IVUS-guided PCI in real-world clinical settings.

Methods

We compared outcome measures with the 2020 United States National Inpatient Sample in patients who received IVUS-guided PCI and those who did not. The primary outcome was the mortality rate between the two groups.

Results

IVUS was used in 10,757 of …


Gender Disparities In Outcomes Of Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Device Placement, Manoj Kumar, Shafaqat Ali, Faryal Farooq, Priya Hotwani Md, Sanjay Kumar May 2024

Gender Disparities In Outcomes Of Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Device Placement, Manoj Kumar, Shafaqat Ali, Faryal Farooq, Priya Hotwani Md, Sanjay Kumar

Internal Medicine Residency

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia. It is associated with profound morbidity & mortality, including a fivefold increase in stroke risk. Due to side effects & compliance issues associated with anticoagulation, left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) devices have emerged as an alternative approach. However, women have been underrepresented in both the PROTECT & PREVAIL trials, landmark trials supporting LAAO use.

Objective

We aim to compare gender disparities in outcomes of LAAO occlusive devices.

Methods

The national readmission database (2016-2020) was utilized to identify hospitalizations for LAAO placement. Cohorts were stratified by gender. A propensity score matching …


Propensity Matched In-Hospital Outcomes Of Acute St Elevation Myocardial Infarction Of Left Anterior Descending (Lad) Coronary Artery In Patients With & Without Chronic Total Occlusion Of Coronaries, Manoj Kumar, Shafaqat Ali, Faryal Farroq, Sanchit Duhan, Priya Hotwani Md, Bijeta Keisham, Sanjay Kumar, Mahin R. Khan May 2024

Propensity Matched In-Hospital Outcomes Of Acute St Elevation Myocardial Infarction Of Left Anterior Descending (Lad) Coronary Artery In Patients With & Without Chronic Total Occlusion Of Coronaries, Manoj Kumar, Shafaqat Ali, Faryal Farroq, Sanchit Duhan, Priya Hotwani Md, Bijeta Keisham, Sanjay Kumar, Mahin R. Khan

Internal Medicine Residency

Background

Chronic total occlusion (CTO) is a near-total blockage of a coronary artery often seen during percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndrome but not directly responsible for the event.

Methods

The national readmission database (2016-2020) was utilized to identify hospitalizations for STEMI, with LAD as the culprit. Cohorts were stratified based on the presence of the CTO. A Propensity Score Matching (PSM) model matched CTO and non-CTO cases. Pearson’s x2 test was applied to PSM-2 matched cohorts to compare outcomes.

Results

Among 98,213 hospitalizations for LAD-STEMI, About 5.53% (N: 5,704) had CTO. After propensity matching (N=3,197), patients with CTO …


Early Vs Late Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (Ecmo) For Mechanical Circulatory Support, Manoj Kumar, Shafaqat Ali, Sanchit Duhan, Nomesh Kumar, Priya Hotwani Md, Sanjay Kumar, Fnu Bawna, Faryal Farooq, Muhammad Sultan, Muhammad Sohaib Afzal, M Chadi Alraies May 2024

Early Vs Late Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (Ecmo) For Mechanical Circulatory Support, Manoj Kumar, Shafaqat Ali, Sanchit Duhan, Nomesh Kumar, Priya Hotwani Md, Sanjay Kumar, Fnu Bawna, Faryal Farooq, Muhammad Sultan, Muhammad Sohaib Afzal, M Chadi Alraies

Internal Medicine Residency

Background

Use of Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for hemodynamic (HD) support is becoming increasingly prevalent. While potentially life-saving, ECMO use is associated with complications of its own due to widespread immune activation. We aim to compare early (≤1 day) vs late (>1 day) ECMO use for hemodynamic support.

Methods

The national readmission database (2016-2020) was utilized to identify hospitalizations requiring ECMO. Cohorts were stratified based on ECMO initiation. A Propensity Score Matching (PSM) model matched patients with early vs late ECMO use. Pearson’s x2 test was applied to PSM-2 matched cohorts to compare outcomes.

Results

Among 40,984 hospitalizations requiring …