Nervous System Diseases Commons^™

Asynchronous Remodeling Is A Driver Of Failed Regeneration In Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Sherry Dadgar, Zuyi Wang, Helen Johnston, Akanchha Kesari, Kanneboyina Nagaraju, Yi-Wen Chen, D. Ashley Hill, Terence A. Partridge, Robert J. Freishtat, Javad Nazarian, Jianhua Xuan, Yue Wang, Eric P. Hoffman

Genomics and Precision Medicine Faculty Publications

We sought to determine the mechanisms underlying failure of muscle regeneration that is observed in dystrophic muscle through hypothesis generation using muscle profiling data (human dystrophy and murine regeneration). We found that transforming growth factor β-centered networks strongly associated with pathological fibrosis and failed regeneration were also induced during normal regeneration but at distinct time points. We hypothesized that asynchronously regenerating microenvironments are an underlying driver of fibrosis and failed regeneration. We validated this hypothesis using an experimental model of focal asynchronous bouts of muscle regeneration in wild-type (WT) mice. A chronic inflammatory state and reduced mitochondrial oxidative capacity are …

Detection Of Bacterial Antigens And Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathology In The Central Nervous System Of Balb/C Mice Following Intranasal Infection With A Laboratory Isolate Of Chlamydia Pneumoniae, C. Scott Little Phd, Timothy A. Joyce, Christine Hammond, Hazem Matta, David Cahn, Denah Appelt, Brian J. Balin Phd

PCOM Scholarly Works

Pathology consistent with that observed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has previously been documented following intranasal infection of normal wild-type mice with Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn) isolated from an AD brain (96-41). In the current study, BALB/c mice were intranasally infected with a laboratory strain of Cpn, AR-39, and brain and olfactory bulbs were obtained at 1-4 months post-infection (pi). Immunohistochemistry for amyloid beta or Cpn antigens was performed on sections from brains of infected or mock-infected mice. Chlamydia-specific immunolabeling was identified in olfactory bulb tissues and in cerebrum of AR-39 infected mice. The Cpn specific labeling was most prominent at 1 …

Outrage Over Video Of Police’S Rough Handling Of Man With Huntington's Disease Spurs Calls For Justice, Awareness, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

The Epidemic Of Mental And Neurological Health, Mohsyn I. Malik

Psychology Publications

This paper composes an image of modern mental and neurological health issues and looks to draw links to the current epidemic based on research and studies found online the internet and off-line. The goal is to examine what may be the underlying problem for a lot of these increases in mental health issues and neurodegenerative diseases and what are some promising clinical and sociocultural advances that may help. It explores problems such as the negative impact of the pharmaceutical giants, the increase in apathy in the work place and the general stigma towards mental disease. Through current research, the use …

Moving Toward A Potential Treatment: Isis, Chdi Researchers Outline Upcoming Huntington's Disease Gene-Silencing Trials, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

News Flash: Isis And Roche Hope To Start Huntington's Gene-Silencing Trials In First Half Of 2015, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Sma-Causing Missense Mutations In Survival Motor Neuron (Smn) Display A Wide Range Of Phenotypes When Modeled In Drosophila, Kavita Praveen, Ying Wen, Kelsey M. Gray, John J. Noto, Akash R. Patlolla, Gregory D. Van Duyne, A. Gregory Matera

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Mutations in the human survival motor neuron 1 (SMN) gene are the primary cause of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a devastating neuromuscular disorder. SMN protein has a well-characterized role in the biogenesis of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), core components of the spliceosome. Additional tissue-specific and global functions have been ascribed to SMN; however, their relevance to SMA pathology is poorly understood and controversial. Using Drosophila as a model system, we created an allelic series of twelve Smn missense mutations, originally identified in human SMA patients. We show that animals expressing these SMA-causing mutations display a broad range of …

Bidding Farewell To Coq10: A Long-Studied Supplement Proves Ineffective In The Fight Against Huntington's Disease, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Making The Threat Of Huntington’S Disease ‘Small Stuff', Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Pde4 Pathway Inhibition In Rat Experimental Stroke, Fan Yang, Rachita K. Sumbria, Dong Xue, Chuanhui Yu, Dan He, Shuo Liu, Annlia Paganini-Hill, Mark J. Fisher

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

PURPOSE: The first genomewide association study indicated that variations in the phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) gene confer risk for ischemic stroke. However, inconsistencies among the studies designed to replicate the findings indicated the need for further investigation to elucidate the role of the PDE4 pathway in stroke pathogenesis. Hence, we studied the effect of global inhibition of the PDE4 pathway in two rat experimental stroke models, using the PDE4 inhibitor rolipram. Further, the specific role of the PDE4D isoform in ischemic stroke pathogenesis was studied using PDE4D knockout rats in experimental stroke. METHODS: Rats were subjected to either the …

Mechanisms Of Astrocyte Contribution To Bortezomib-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy, Caleb R. Robinson

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor used in the treatment of multiple myeloma and other non-solid malignancies, alone or in combination with other chemotherapy drugs. Like other chemotherapeutic agents, bortezomib treatment is frequently accompanied by chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) that may be dose-limiting, adversely affecting quality of life and prognosis. The mechanisms behind bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy (BIPN) and CIPN overall are largely unknown. Recent findings in other pain models have indicated substantial involvement of glial cells in chronic pain. Although injury models have shown activation of both astrocytes and microglia following insult, research in other CIPN models has shown astrocytic activation …

Nerve Fiber Diameter Measurements Using Hematoxylin And Eosin Staining And Brightfield Microscopy To Assess The Novel Method Of Characterizing Peripheral Nerve Fiber Distributions By Group Delay, Jorge Arturo Vazquez

Master's Theses

Peripheral neuropathies are a set of common diseases that affect the peripheral nervous system, causing damage to vital connections between various parts of the body and the brain and spinal cord. Different clinical conditions are known to selectively impact various size nerve fibers, which often makes it difficult to diagnose which peripheral neuropathy a patient might have. The nerve conduction velocity diagnostic test provides clinically useful information in the diagnosis of some peripheral neuropathies. This method is advantageous because it tends to be minimally invasive yet it provides valuable diagnostic information. However, this test does not determine characteristics of peripheral …

Can We Afford The Costs Of Orphan Disease Treatments?, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

New California Stem Cell Chief Stresses Speed And Efficiency In Search For Treatments, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Fty720 (Fingolimod) Provides Insight Into The Molecular Mechanisms Of Multiple Sclerosis, Madelyn Elizabeth Crawford

Pursuit - The Journal of Undergraduate Research at The University of Tennessee

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by a prolonged immune- mediated inflammatory response that targets myelin. Nearly all of the drugs approved for the treatment of MS are general immunosuppressants or only function in symptom management. The oral medication fingolimod, however, is reported to have direct therapeutic effects on cells of the central nervous system in addition to immunomodulatory functions. Fingolimod is known to interact with sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptors, and the most widely- accepted theory for its mechanism of action is functional antagonism of the receptor. This review examines significant neuromodulatory effects achieved by functional antagonism of the …

Immunomodulatory Activity Of Interferon-Beta, Lloyd H. Kasper, Anthony T. Reder

Dartmouth Scholarship

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disorder of the central nervous system that appears to be driven by a shift in immune functioning toward excess inflammation that results in demyelination and axonal loss. Beta interferons were the first class of disease-modifying therapies to be approved for patients with MS after treatment with this type I interferon improved the course of MS on both clinical and radiological measures in clinical trials. The mechanism of action of interferon-beta appears to be driven by influencing the immune system at many levels, including antigen-presenting cells, T cells, and B cells. One effect of these …

Fear Of Onset: The Inescapable Reality Of The Huntington's Disease Gene Carrier, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Anonymous Donors, Confidentiality, And How We All Must Work To Defeat Huntington's Disease, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Support From Unaffected Relatives Makes Big Difference In Fight Against Huntington's Disease, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Design, Synthesis And Biological Evaluation Of Novel Compounds With Cns-Activity Targeting Cannabinoid And Biogenic Amine Receptors, Alexander M. Sherwood

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

This work seeks to contribute to the discipline of neuropharmacology by way of structure activity relationship from the standpoint of an organic chemist. More specifically, we sought to develop robust synthetic methodology able to efficiently produce an array of compounds for the purpose of systematic evaluation of their interaction with specific sights within the central nervous system (CNS) in order to better understand the mind and to develop drugs that may have beneficial effects on neurological function.

The focus of these studies has been toward the development of novel molecules, using a structure-activity relationship approach, that exhibit binding affinity at …

Kyphotic Progression After Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures Treated Conservatively, With Mis, Or Via Open Approach, Mark Rivkin, Howard Eisenbrock

Research Day

Management of thoracolumbar burst fractures (AO A3) without neurological deficit is subject to debate in the literature. While TLICS provides guidance for injuries necessitating intervention, it makes little mention of best surgical approaches. Furthermore, intact patients with suspected posterior ligamentous complex injury (TLICS 4) compose an additional level of management uncertainty. Present study examined outcomes for TL burst fractures in neurologically intact patients with suspected disruption of the PLC treated with bracing, MIS, or open fixation and fusion.

Fathoming Huntington’S Disease, Genetic Testing And The Biotechnological Era In An Academic Setting, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

The Reversal Effects Of Curcumin, An Herbal Remedy, On The Impairments Induced By Vmat-2 Inhibitor Tetrabenazine, Emily Qian, Samantha E. Yohn

Honors Scholar Theses

Substantial evidence has shown that dopamine (DA), particularly in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), is involved in behavioral activation and effort-related processes, such as overcoming work related response costs. Interference with accumbens DA transmission through administration of the vesicular monoamine transportor-2 (VMAT-2) inhibitor tetrabenazine (TBZ) produces an alteration of response allocation in the concurrent FR5/chow choice procedure, biasing animals toward the lower effort alternative. It has been suggested that these drug-induced shifts in effort-related choice behavior seen in rodents are analogous to symptoms such as psychomotor retardation, anergia, and fatigue, which can be observed in people with depression and other related …

Visions Of Living With Parkinson's Disease: A Photovoice Study, Danice Greer, Cheryl Cooper, Melinda Hermanns

Faculty Posters

This poster was presented at the May 2014 UT Tyler Faculty Awards.

Propagation Of Oligomeric Α-Synuclein And Amyloid-Β: Implications For Parkinson's And Alzheimer's Diseases, Matthew Stephen Planchard

Master's Theses

The aggregation of amyloidogenic proteins is a critical event in the pathology of a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). The proteins α-synuclein (αS) and amyloid-β (Aβ) are involved in the formation of amyloid lesions observed in PD and AD, respectively. Both PD and AD exhibit a significant amount of co-pathology in clinical settings, and the αS and Aβ proteins have been shown to interact in vitro. Recent experimental consensus has shown oligomeric species to be significant, if not primary, sources of toxicity in these diseases. …

Epigenetic Remodeling In An Imr-32 Cell Line And Transgenic Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's Disease, Matthew S. Baker

Senior Honors Theses

The pathological features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been researched and documented extensively, however the causes of these features are still unknown. The following studies sought to determine if epigenetic methylation alterations contribute to AD. Two studies were sequentially carried out, first using an IMR-32 model and then using a transgenic mouse model overexpressing beta-amyloid. A few assay and confirmation methods were carried out to determine the promoter regions in disease state models undergoing drastic change, and the genes linked to these promoter regions were analyzed to determine significant gene ontology being altered by this epigenetic modification. This data was …

After A Social Security Setback, Hdsa Steps Up Advocacy On Huntington's Disability Criteria, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Woody Guthrie, Huntington’S Disease, And Our Duty To Improve Caregiving, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Reshaping My Career And Life In The Face Of Huntington's Disease (And A Note Of Hope), Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Brain Blast 2014 Poster, Annie Leslie

Brain Blast

Announcement poster for UNE's Brain Blast 2014, a pechakucha-style brain health and safety awareness and learning event.