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Articles 1 - 11 of 11
Full-Text Articles in Nervous System Diseases
Stellate Ganglion Block For Refractory Raynaud’S Phenomenon- A Case Report, William J. Naber Ii, Derik J. Scribner, Gabriel Howard
Stellate Ganglion Block For Refractory Raynaud’S Phenomenon- A Case Report, William J. Naber Ii, Derik J. Scribner, Gabriel Howard
Graduate Medical Education Research Journal
Introduction: Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) is predominately a sympathetically mediated ischemic vasospastic disease involving the distal limbs and is associated with sharp pains, numbness, and dermatological color changes. The symptoms are commonly induced by cold weather, stress, and trauma and it is known to affect 4.85% of the population. There are few well-defined treatments for patients with RP that are refractory to 1st-line therapies. We present a case of intractable RP with corresponding response to stellate ganglion block (SGB) which demonstrates the efficacy profile and safety of SNS blocks in treatment of resistant RP.
Methods: Per Bon Secours Mercy Health …
The Role Of Micrornas In The Pathophysiology Of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury, Eric S. Peeples
The Role Of Micrornas In The Pathophysiology Of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury, Eric S. Peeples
Theses & Dissertations
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI) is a devastating injury resulting from impaired blood flow and oxygen delivery to the brain at or around the time of birth. The subsequent metabolic failure and cellular injury in the brain can be partially attenuated by rapid initiation of therapeutic hypothermia, but even with prompt induction of hypothermia, more than one in four survivors suffer from major developmental disabilities – an indication of the critical need for more effective therapies. MicroRNAs (miRNA) may be able to act as therapeutic targets in neonatal HIBI; however, very little is known about the endogenous expression of miRNAs …
Power Training Improves The Sensorimotor Cortical Oscillations In Youth With Cerebral Palsy, Morgan Busboom, Anna Reelfs, Mike Trevarrow, Brad Corr, Heidi Reelfs, Sarah Baker, Hannah Bergwell, Tony W. Wilson, Max J. Kurz
Power Training Improves The Sensorimotor Cortical Oscillations In Youth With Cerebral Palsy, Morgan Busboom, Anna Reelfs, Mike Trevarrow, Brad Corr, Heidi Reelfs, Sarah Baker, Hannah Bergwell, Tony W. Wilson, Max J. Kurz
Child Health Research Institute Pediatric Research Forum
Background: Our magnetoencephalographic (MEG) brain imaging studies have shown that youth with cerebral palsy (CP) demonstrate altered sensorimotor beta (18-24Hz) cortical oscillations when controlling their leg motor actions and these anomalous cortical oscillations are linked with the extent of their mobility impairments. Current therapeutic trends for improving mobility have shifted from strength training to high-velocity power training, which has shown improvements in isokinetic strength, power production and mobility of youth with CP. However, no studies have assessed whether these clinically relevant improvements are linked with changes in the sensorimotor cortical oscillations. The objective of this study was to utilize MEG …
Characterization Of Novel Animal Models For Parkinson’S Disease, Mohannad Almikhlafi
Characterization Of Novel Animal Models For Parkinson’S Disease, Mohannad Almikhlafi
Theses & Dissertations
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra (SN) pars compacta. Mutations in DJ-1, PINK1 and Parkin lead to PD in humans; however, in mice, mutations or knockout of these genes do not lead to disease. Development of small animal models mimicking PD pathogenesis would enable better understanding of the disease. Here, we examined two approaches using laboratory rats. First, DJ-1 knockout rats have been reported to develop movement disorders and loss of neurons similar to human PD. Comprehensive analysis of mitochondrial proteomic alteration in isolated synaptic mitochondria from DJ-1 knockout rats using …
Electrophysiological Biomarkers Of Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment In Hematological Malignancy Patients, David E. Anderson
Electrophysiological Biomarkers Of Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment In Hematological Malignancy Patients, David E. Anderson
Theses & Dissertations
Multiple cancer populations frequently report cognitive impairment following treatment with chemotherapy agents (“chemo-brain”). Impaired neuropsychological performance is commonly reported in cognitive domains of attention and executive function. Understanding neural mechanisms underlying cognitive impairments is essential to developing prevention and rehabilitation strategies. Brain imaging studies frequently show chemotherapy-related impairments within the attentional control network, which is comprised of a constellation of cortical regions that govern reportedly impaired cognitive functions. In the current dissertation research, I developed a novel electrophysiology battery aimed at recording near-instantaneous neural activity within the attentional control network during cognitive task performance. Cancer patients diagnosed with hematological malignancy …
The Incidence Rate, Types, And External Causes Of Traumatic Brain Injuries In Parkinson’S Disease Patients In Nebraska 2008-2014, Maher Alsaadi
The Incidence Rate, Types, And External Causes Of Traumatic Brain Injuries In Parkinson’S Disease Patients In Nebraska 2008-2014, Maher Alsaadi
Capstone Experience
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients are at higher risk of traumatic brain injury (TBI) due to disease characteristics like tremor, bradykinesia, and impaired balance. Most of the studies that have been done in the United States to investigate the incident rate and causes of TBI among PD patients have mainly focused on falls, while none of these studies have thoroughly addressed all causes of TBI among the PD population or have used a population-based database. Our study aims to investigate the incidence rate, types, and external causes of TBI stratified by age of PD diagnosis using a population-based database from …
Evaluation Of Immune-Modulating Therapies For Parkinson's Disease, Katherine E. Olson
Evaluation Of Immune-Modulating Therapies For Parkinson's Disease, Katherine E. Olson
Theses & Dissertations
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative
disorder, second only to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). It is characterized by a
progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons along the nigrostriatal axis and the
formation of proteinaceous inclusions of alpha-synuclein (α-syn). Secondary to
the loss of dopaminergic neurons is a progression in motor and non-motor
symptoms. Motor symptoms are characterized by slowness in movement,
stiffness and tremor. Non-motor symptoms include depression, constipation,
sleep abnormalities and loss of sense of smell. The cause of disease remains
incompletely understood. However, age, genetics, environment, viral infection,
and interplay between the innate and adaptive immune system …
Novel Therapeutic Approaches For Juvenile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (Cln3), Megan Elizabeth Bosch
Novel Therapeutic Approaches For Juvenile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (Cln3), Megan Elizabeth Bosch
Theses & Dissertations
Juvenile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (JNCL) is a lysosomal storage disease caused by autosomal recessive mutations in CLN3. Neuronal loss is thought to occur via glutamate excitotoxicity; however, little is known about neuron-astrocyte glutamate regulation in JNCL. We discovered that Cln3Δex7/8 astrocytes have significantly lower basal spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations and decreased responses to glutamate, indicating a disrupted signaling network. Cln3Δex7/8 astrocytes also displayed significantly lower basal mitochondrial respiration and ATP production, suggesting impaired metabolic functions. Concurrent with diminished astrocyte metabolism and Ca2+ signaling, Cln3Δex7/8 neurons were hyper-responsive to glutamate stimulation. These studies suggest that CLN3 …
The Role Of Glutaminase And Extracellular Vesicles In Macrophages And Microglia, Beiqing Wu
The Role Of Glutaminase And Extracellular Vesicles In Macrophages And Microglia, Beiqing Wu
Theses & Dissertations
Glutamate serves as a crucial excitatory neurotransmitter that is essential for the proper functioning of the brain. However, excess levels of glutamate are neurotoxic and contribute to the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases, inducing HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Glutaminase 1 (GLS1) is an important mitochondrial enzyme responsible for producing glutamate from glutamine. GLS1 is upregulated during HAND and released from mitochondria to cytosol and extracellular space. However, why and how GLS1 is released remains unknown. In chapter II, we demonstrated that extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry GLS1 as cargos from cytosol to extracellular space during HIV infection and innate immune …
Expression And Function Of Inflammation-Associated Micrornas In Traumatic Brain Injury, Emily Harrison
Expression And Function Of Inflammation-Associated Micrornas In Traumatic Brain Injury, Emily Harrison
Theses & Dissertations
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression. Many neurological diseases, including traumatic brain injury alter expression of miRNAs in the brain. However, the function of these molecules in the context of TBI is largely unknown. Here we report multiple potential roles for miRNAs in TBI, some of which extend beyond the traditional model of post-transcriptional regulation, highlighting that these RNA molecules may have broader implications for the neurobiology of disease. We found that miR-155 plays an essential role in interferon expression after CCI and that miR-155 contributes to TBI induced anxiety, potentially through regulation of interferons. Expression of miR-155 …
The Feedforward And Feedback Controls On Gait In Adults With Diabetes, Chun-Kai Huang
The Feedforward And Feedback Controls On Gait In Adults With Diabetes, Chun-Kai Huang
Theses & Dissertations
There are nearly 26 million people with diabetes mellitus (DM) in the US, and half of chronic DMs develop somatosensory deficits due to diabetic polyneuropathy or diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). The absence or impaired somatosensory feedback (e.g. touch sensation or joint proprioception) resulted from the damage of large nerve fiber, and motor deficits such as attenuated muscle strength and abnormal plantar pressure of lower extremity have been identified in DPN, and these sensorimotor impairments lead to an increased number of falls. To reduce the risk of falling, a well-coordinated and adapted limb movement driven by the feedforward (anticipatory) and feedback …