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Articles 1 - 20 of 20
Full-Text Articles in Nervous System Diseases
Complement System In Multiple Sclerosis: Its Role In Disease Course And Potential As A Therapeutic Target, Michael R. Linzey
Complement System In Multiple Sclerosis: Its Role In Disease Course And Potential As A Therapeutic Target, Michael R. Linzey
Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a clinically heterogeneous neurological condition characterized by neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Relapsing-remitting MS, defined by inflammatory attacks, is the most common initial form of MS and there are currently 23 FDA-approved treatments for these patients. These therapies work primarily by reducing inflammation in the CNS; they do not work well in progressive disease. Therefore, an unmet medical need exists for effective therapeutic options to treat progressive MS (PMS).
In MS, intrathecal immunoglobulins synthesis (IIgS) correlates with disease progression. My goals for this dissertation were to establish the pathological role of IIgS and identify new potential therapeutic …
Characterizing The Function Of B Cells That Accumulate In The Inflamed Central Nervous System In Anti-Myelin Autoimmunity, Lika Chowdhury
Characterizing The Function Of B Cells That Accumulate In The Inflamed Central Nervous System In Anti-Myelin Autoimmunity, Lika Chowdhury
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
While the role of autoimmune T cells has been extensively studied in anti-myelin
autoimmunity, little is known about the function of B cells in multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). B cells form clusters with T cells in the meninges directly adjacent to demyelinating lesions. Previous studies have shown that disease progression is dependent on the depletion of specific populations of B cells, but it is not clear which contributes to pathology or how. The purpose of this thesis is to characterize the population of meningeal B cells to determine how they differ …
Living With Multiple Sclerosis As A Former Marathon Runner: Impact Of Attitude And Past Behaviour On Self-Care Maintenance And Perseverance, Michael Stephanou
Living With Multiple Sclerosis As A Former Marathon Runner: Impact Of Attitude And Past Behaviour On Self-Care Maintenance And Perseverance, Michael Stephanou
Patient Experience Journal
As healthcare professionals, we have a duty to promote the wellbeing of individuals living with chronic diseases and this could be accomplished through the establishment of self-care strategies that are both collaborative and self-directed. Insight into the complex behaviours and backgrounds of individuals who show initiative in dealing with chronic disease could help achieve this by revealing drivers of health-seeking and engaging behaviours. Therefore, by deducing the complex interactions between attitude, past experiences and disease outlook, broader patient welfare could be championed through the implementation of targeted interventions which promote self-care in chronic disease. This article aims to explore these …
Terrorism In Your Brain: The Battles Of Multiple Sclerosis (Ms), Paul W. Asper
Terrorism In Your Brain: The Battles Of Multiple Sclerosis (Ms), Paul W. Asper
Student Publications
This paper is a review of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) looking at the phenotypes, epidemiology, etiology, pathology, and immunology. Additionally, this paper examines the clinical presentations and criteria for diagnosis along with the treatment and management of symptoms.
Multiple Sclerosis And Its Symptom Management Through Supplementation And Dietary Planning, Lindsey J. Davis
Multiple Sclerosis And Its Symptom Management Through Supplementation And Dietary Planning, Lindsey J. Davis
Selected Honors Theses
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, neuroinflammatory disorder that is characterized by the breakdown of myelinated axons in the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems. It is a potentially debilitating autoimmune disease that affects almost 1 million people in the United States, and nearly 2.5 million people worldwide. The precise etiology of MS is still being researched, but much progress has been made towards understanding the molecular mechanisms and impactful ways to treat this disease. While there is still no cure, new treatment plans are constantly being orchestrated in effort to alleviate the burden that MS carries. Combination treatment plans have …
Initial Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis In The Emergency Department, Adam Kandil, James Espinosa, Henry Schuitema
Initial Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis In The Emergency Department, Adam Kandil, James Espinosa, Henry Schuitema
Rowan-Virtua Research Day
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease consisting of inflammation, demyelination and loss of axon integrity in the central nervous system. Like many autoimmune diseases, its severity, initial presentation and symptomatology vary. MS is typically onset in young adults between twenty to forty years old, and has been found two-three times more likely in women than in men. As a chronic illness, like many others, it can present in the emergency department as an undifferentiated neurologic complaint. This is a case report of new onset multiple sclerosis in the emergency department, outlining the importance of a broad set of differential …
Occupational Therapy’S Role In Addressing Sexuality And Intimacy For Individuals With Progressive Neuromuscular Disorders, Lindsay N. Richards
Occupational Therapy’S Role In Addressing Sexuality And Intimacy For Individuals With Progressive Neuromuscular Disorders, Lindsay N. Richards
Student Capstone Papers
Individuals with progressive neuromuscular disorders (PND); specifically, Parkinson’s disease (PD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Huntington’s Disease (HD), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) often face physical, psychological, and social challenges related to sex and intimacy. Occupational therapy (OT) practitioners are experts in activity analysis and are equipped with unique knowledge of performance skills and client factors to address deficits in occupational performance.
Though there is literature presenting the effects of PND on sexual occupations, a gap exists as it relates to qualitative data from the perspective of the individual and their partners. A mixed-methods survey was conducted examining the lived experience of …
A Novel Indication For Oocyte Cryopreservation Prior To Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation For Refractory Multiple Sclerosis, Neal R. Trulock, Luke Ying, Edward Zbella, Mark Sanchez
A Novel Indication For Oocyte Cryopreservation Prior To Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation For Refractory Multiple Sclerosis, Neal R. Trulock, Luke Ying, Edward Zbella, Mark Sanchez
West Florida Division Virtual Research Day 2020
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune mediated inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system characterized by focal ovoid like lesions of demyelination seen on MRI(1,2). The etiology of MS is unknown, however inflammation followed by CNS demyelination and axonal degeneration are known to be part of the pathologic processes that lead to the disease (1). The mean age of onset of MS is 28-31 years old and tends to affect women more often then men with a ratio of 2.3:1 (3,4) . Other risk factors associated with MS include vitamin D deficiency, smoking, and certain viruses (5). The pattern of …
Multiple Sclerosis Pathophysiology, Carolyn Ricketts
Multiple Sclerosis Pathophysiology, Carolyn Ricketts
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation in the central nervous system and demyelination of the white matter in the brain and spinal cord, leading to lesions and axonal damage, possibly followed by relapse. It is a progressively debilitating disease with a variety of symptoms that mimic other diseases, such as blurred vision, nerve pain, fatigue, weakness, paresthesia, and unsteady gait. It occurs more frequently further from the equator. The pathophysiology of MS is unknown. Several new research theories are emerging which include innate and adaptive immunity playing a role (TH1 and TH17 specifically), infection …
Role Of Sarm1 In Chronic Immune-Mediated Central Nervous System Inflammation, Kenneth E. Viar Ii
Role Of Sarm1 In Chronic Immune-Mediated Central Nervous System Inflammation, Kenneth E. Viar Ii
Theses and Dissertations
SARM1 is an injury-induced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide nucleosidase (NADase) that was previously shown to promote axonal degeneration in response to traumatic, toxic, and excitotoxic stressors. This raises the question of whether a SARM1-dependent program of axonal degeneration is central to a common pathway contributing to disease burden in neurological disorders. The degree to and mechanism by which SARM1 inactivation decreases the pathophysiology of such disorders is of interest to establish the rationale to pursue SARM1 as a therapeutic target. In this study, we compare the course and pathology of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Sarm1-knockout (KO) mice and wild-type …
Critically Appraised Paper For “Adaptive Vs. Non-Adaptive Cognitive Training By Means Of A Personalized App: A Randomized Trial In People With Multiple Sclerosis.”, Erin Chaffee, Ty Duong, Kaylee Gothelf, Emily Minor, Kitsum Li
Critically Appraised Paper For “Adaptive Vs. Non-Adaptive Cognitive Training By Means Of A Personalized App: A Randomized Trial In People With Multiple Sclerosis.”, Erin Chaffee, Ty Duong, Kaylee Gothelf, Emily Minor, Kitsum Li
Occupational Therapy | Critically Appraised Papers Series
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a working-memory program to improve the cognitive status of people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Given the increasing use of technology in modern-day society, further research is required to provide evidence supporting working-memory training devices that are easily accessible for people with memory deficits.
Dosing Of Education For Patients Newly Diagnosed With Multiple Sclerosis, Laura K. Miller
Dosing Of Education For Patients Newly Diagnosed With Multiple Sclerosis, Laura K. Miller
Student Dissertations
The value of patient education has been widely documented in various patient populations. The main focus of this study is to evaluate the timing of patient education in correlation with the time since diagnosis. The goal of this study is to make recommendations for the optimal time in which patient education should be delivered following a diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). This study evaluates self-advocacy using the Patient Self-Advocacy Scale (PSAS) which was completed pre and post educational programs. This data, combined with demographic data was analyzed for any relationships. Although no statistically significant findings were established, many important trends …
Altered Axon Initial Segment Structure And Function In Inflammatory Disease, Kareem C. Clark
Altered Axon Initial Segment Structure And Function In Inflammatory Disease, Kareem C. Clark
Theses and Dissertations
Axonal pathology is a key contributor to long-term disability in multiple sclerosis (MS), an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), but the mechanisms that underlie axonal insults remain unclear. While most axonal pathologies characterized in MS are a direct consequence of myelin loss, we propose that axonal pathologies also occur independent of demyelination. In support of this idea, we recently reported that mice that develop experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model commonly used to mimic the pathogenesis of MS, exhibit a structural and functional disruption of the axon initial segment (AIS), a subdomain of the axon that …
Utility And Origin Of Blood-Based Autoantibodies For Early Detection And Diagnosis Of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Cassandra Demarshall
Utility And Origin Of Blood-Based Autoantibodies For Early Detection And Diagnosis Of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Cassandra Demarshall
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Theses and Dissertations
Autoantibodies are self-reactive antibodies that have been widely implicated as causal agents of autoimmune diseases. They are found in the blood of all human sera, regardless of age, gender, or the presence or absence of disease. While the underlying reason for their ubiquity remains unknown, it has been hypothesized that they participate in the clearance of blood-borne cell and tissue debris generated in both healthy and diseased individuals on a daily basis. Although much evidence supports this debris clearance role, recent studies also suggest a causal role for autoantibodies in disease. My thesis work has focused on this "cause and/or …
Pharmaceutical Integrated Stress Response Enhancement Protects Oligodendrocytes And Provides A Potential Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutic., Sharon W Way, Joseph R Podojil, Benjamin L Clayton, Anita Zaremba, Tassie L Collins, Rejani B Kunjamma, Andrew P Robinson, Pedro Brugarolas, Robert H. Miller, Stephen D Miller, Brian Popko
Pharmaceutical Integrated Stress Response Enhancement Protects Oligodendrocytes And Provides A Potential Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutic., Sharon W Way, Joseph R Podojil, Benjamin L Clayton, Anita Zaremba, Tassie L Collins, Rejani B Kunjamma, Andrew P Robinson, Pedro Brugarolas, Robert H. Miller, Stephen D Miller, Brian Popko
Anatomy and Regenerative Biology Faculty Publications
Oligodendrocyte death contributes to the pathogenesis of the inflammatory demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis (MS). Nevertheless, current MS therapies are mainly immunomodulatory and have demonstrated limited ability to inhibit MS progression. Protection of oligodendrocytes is therefore a desirable strategy for alleviating disease. Here we demonstrate that enhancement of the integrated stress response using the FDA-approved drug guanabenz increases oligodendrocyte survival in culture and prevents hypomyelination in cerebellar explants in the presence of interferon-γ, a pro-inflammatory cytokine implicated in MS pathogenesis. In vivo, guanabenz treatment protects against oligodendrocyte loss caused by CNS-specific expression of interferon-γ. In a mouse model of MS, experimental …
Axon Initial Segment Stability In Multiple Sclerosis, Suneel K. Thummala
Axon Initial Segment Stability In Multiple Sclerosis, Suneel K. Thummala
Theses and Dissertations
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized by inflammation and demyelination. In addition to these hallmark features, MS also presents with axonal pathology, which is likely responsible for the signs and symptoms of the disease. Although prominent in MS, axonal pathology is frequently considered a consequence of demyelination and not a primary event. This conclusion is consistent with demyelination inducing the loss of specific axonal domains, known as the nodes of Ranvier that are responsible for the propagation of action potentials along the axon. In contrast, we propose that axonal pathology associated with MS …
Cloned Microglias With Novel Delivery System In Multiple Sclerosis, Abdul Mannan Baig Dr.
Cloned Microglias With Novel Delivery System In Multiple Sclerosis, Abdul Mannan Baig Dr.
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory neurological disease of the Central Nervous System (CNS), characterized by demyelination and activation of microglia. Mitochondrial mutations and dysfunctions in microglial cells are thought to contribute to the detrimental effects of neuroinflammation seen in MS. The Somatic Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) technology offers a more practical mode of therapy in MS, this method would attempt to dilute and/or progressively replace the mutated and activated microglia with cloned Olfactory Ensheathing Cells (OEC) with remyelinating and scavenging properties which would attempt to limit the progression of MS. Applying SCNTderived Embryonic Stem (ES) cells based therapy by …
The Role Of Multiple Sclerosis As A Risk Factor For The Development Of Osteoporosis, Christopher Perrone, Christine M. Foley, Linda C. Churchill, Sybil L. Crawford, Judith K. Ockene, Carolina Ionete
The Role Of Multiple Sclerosis As A Risk Factor For The Development Of Osteoporosis, Christopher Perrone, Christine M. Foley, Linda C. Churchill, Sybil L. Crawford, Judith K. Ockene, Carolina Ionete
Sybil L. Crawford
Background: Osteoporosis is the most common bone disease in the United States, and it is particularly common among women with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, despite this association, the temporal relationship between these two conditions has not been previously studied. Data from the Women’s Health Initiative provides a unique opportunity to examine the risk of developing osteoporosis over time in individuals diagnosed with MS. Objective: The purpose of this study is to refine the relationship between MS and osteoporosis, clarifying the impact of environmental and pharmacologic factors on each condition, as well as addressing treatment and preventative efforts for a patient …
Is 1.25 Mg Oral Fingolimod Effective In Reducing Relapses In Adults With Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis?, Caitlin M. Cook
Is 1.25 Mg Oral Fingolimod Effective In Reducing Relapses In Adults With Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis?, Caitlin M. Cook
PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this systematic review is to determine whether or not is 1.25 mg oral fingolimod effective in reducing relapses in adults with relapsing multiple sclerosis.
STUDY DESIGN: Review of three English language primary studies published between 2006 and 2010.
DATA SOURCES: Randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trials comparing daily 1.25 mg oral fingolimod to either identical placebo capsules or weekly intramuscular interferon beta-1a therapy were found using Pubmed and Cochrane Databases.
OUTCOMES MEASURED: Annualized relapse rate was assessed in all studies. Relapses were confirmed by neurologists and assessed using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) to evaluate worsening …
Multiple Sclerosis Fatigue Management, Becca Gillis
Multiple Sclerosis Fatigue Management, Becca Gillis
Master of Arts in Occupational Therapy Theses and Projects
The purpose of this Master’s Project was to research Multiple Sclerosis and to gather a significant amount of knowledge to thoroughly understand this disease and the effects it may have on an individual diagnosed with MS. More specifically and as previously stated, fatigue is a very common and often debilitating symptom of MS. As a result, this project was directed toward helping us, as students and future occupational therapists, to become fatigue management experts by learning how to intervene and teach fatigue management/energy conservation courses to a population of individuals largely impacted by this disease. In addition, it was our …