Pharmacology Commons^™

Morphological Analysis Based On A Fractional Dynamic Model For Hyphal Growth, Jonathan Blackledge, Dan Barry

Conference papers

The development of methods capable of accurately characterising the morphology of filamentous microbes represents a significant challenge to biotechnologists. This is because the productivity of many industrial fermentation processes is heavily dependent on the morphological form adopted by an organism. It is therefore of significant value if a quantitative model and associated metric(s) for morphological forms determined by complex phenotypes can be determined non-invasively, e.g. through image analysis. Specific interest is in the quantification of the branching behaviour of an organism. This is due to the link between branching frequency, biomass and metabolite production. In this paper we present a …

Specific, Reversible Cytostatic Protection Of Normal Cells Against Negative Effects Of Chemotherapy, Benjamin B. Mull

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Chemotherapy is a common and effective method to treat many forms of cancer. However, treatment of cancer with chemotherapy has severe side effects which often limit the doses of therapy administered. Because some cancer chemotherapeutics target proliferating cells and tissues, all dividing cells, whether normal or tumor, are affected. Cell culture studies have demonstrated that UCN-01 is able to reversibly and selectively arrest normal dividing cells; tumor cells lines do not undergo this temporary arrest. Following UCN-01 treatment, normal cells displayed a 50-fold increase in IC50 for camptothecin; tumor cells showed no such increased tolerance.

We have examined the response …

Hypoxia And Fetal Programming Of Cardiovascular Dysfunction, Qin Xue

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Human epidemiological studies have shown a clear association of adverse intrauterine environment and an increased risk of ischemic heart disease in later adult life. Of all the stresses to which the fetus is subjected, perhaps the most important and clinically relevant is that of hypoxia. The goal of this project is to test the hypothesis that chronic hypoxia during gestation adversely affects fetal cardiovascular development and impairs cardiac function in offspring. In the first part of project, we tested the hypothesis that chronic hypoxia adversely regulates contractility of fetal pulmonary arteries and veins in sheep residing at high altitude (3,801 …

Weight Gain Among Adults With Intellectual Disabilities Receiving Atypical Antipsychotics, Sherri Lyn Transier

Doctoral Dissertations

The present study assessed whether the atypical antipsychotic agents olanzapine, risperidone, and quetiapine are associated with significant weight gain among adults with intellectual disabilities after 6 months of drug treatment. The body weights of 79 participants were retrieved 6 months prior to the initiation of drug treatment, at the start of the atypical antipsychotic agent, and after 6 months of drug therapy. Each individual served as his or her own control by utilizing pretreatment baseline trends in weight change to calculate a dependent measure of adjusted posttreatment weight gain. Doing so allowed for a stringent determination of the liability for …

A Role For Lipid Rafts In Egfr Tki Resistance In Breast Cancer, Mary Elizabeth Irwin

Wayne State University Dissertations

Breast cancer can be divided into genetic sub-types including luminal, HER2+, and basal-type. With the introduction of targeted therapies against estrogen receptor and HER2 receptor mortality rates of American women with breast cancer have declined. Unfortunately, basal-type breast cancers, which have the worst clinical outcome, do not express estrogen receptor or HER2, and as such, have no targeted therapeutic option. The epidermal growth factor receptor is an attractive target for therapeutics in basal-type breast cancer, as it is over-expressed in 60% of these cases. Also, over-expression of EGFR correlates with poor patient prognosis. Unfortunately, inhibitors of EGFR have shown little …

Studies Of Antioxidant And Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Activity Of Orthosiphon Stamineus (Misai Kucing)., Che Wan Imanina Che Wan Takwa

Student Works (2010-2019)

Abstract NA

Studies On The Bioactive Properties Of Selected Plant And Fermented Extracts., Saravana Kumar Sinniah

Student Works (2010-2019)

The aim of this study was to isolate protein/peptide and secondary metabolites from plant and fermented sources. The extracts were used to test for antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. In the current study protein/peptide extracts of Allium sativum showed promising results with a 15mm inhibition zone against Escherichia coli, 28mm against Staphylococcus aureus, 16.3mm against Bacillus cereus and 9mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The minimum bacteriocidal concentration (MBC) results showed that Allium sativum protein/peptide extract is only bacteriostatic and not bacteriocidal. Andrographis paniculata showed the most promising result for the ethanolic extracts with an inhibition zone of 14mm against B. cereus, 11.5mm …

Bioactivity And Chemical Investigations Of Pereskia Bleo And Pereskia Grandifollia., Sim Kae Shin

Student Works (2010-2019)

Ethnopharmacological data has been one of the common useful criteria in drug discovery. Pereskia bleo and Pereskia grandifolia (Cactaceae), commonly known as ‘Jarum Tujuh Bilah’ in Malay and ‘Cak Sing Cam’ in Chinese have long been used as natural remedies in Malaysia. The experimental approach in the present study was based on bioassay-guided fractionation. The crude methanol and fractionated extracts of both Pereskia spp. were initially investigated for their biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic effect against five human cancer cell lines, namely nasopharyngeal epidermoid carcinoma cell line (KB), cervical carcinoma cell line (CasKi), colon carcinoma cell line …

Studies On Formulation Development Of Apoorly Water - Soluble Drug Through Solid Dispersion Technique, Sunita Dahiya

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

An attempt has been made to enhance dissolution of aceclofenac (AC) by solid dispersion technique using water soluble carriers PEG 6000 and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). Solid dispersions of AC with PEG 6000 were prepared by melting solvent method and with β...

Author Index, Keyword Index, N/A

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Micelle Enhanced Spectrofluorimetric Method For The Determination Of Ofloxacin And Lomefloxacin In Human Urine And Serum, Kuldeep Kaur, Baldev Singh, Ashok Kumar Malik

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

A spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of two fluoroquinolone drugs, ofloxacin and lomefloxacin in biological fluids has been developed. The method is based on native fluorescence of these drugs in micellar medium of sodium dodecyl sulfate (S...

Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination Of Iron (Ii) And Copper (Ii) In Tablets By Chemometric Methods, Melisew Tadele Alula, Abdel-Maaboud I., Adnan A. Bekhit

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

The significant spectral overlap (Di)0.5 = 0.5667 which is about 75.3% overlapping of the UV/Visible absorption spectra of iron (II) and copper (II) complexes necessitates chemometric assisted methods for simultaneous analysis of these ions in the pharma...

Gabab Regulation Of Methamphetamine-Induced Associative Learning, Robin Michelle Voigt

Dissertations

Addiction is a chronic, relapsing disorder for which strikingly few effective therapies exist, and there are no FDA-approved pharmacotherapies for methamphetamine (Meth) addition. There is an immense need to identify the neurobiological underpinnings of psychostimulant addiction and develop efficacious drug therapies to compliment the current mainstay treatment of behavioral/cognitive therapy.

Re-exposure to cues associated with psychostimulants (e.g., drug paraphernalia) increase neuronal activity and can elicit drug-craving and -seeking; an effect which is profound and long-lasting. A mechanism to disrupt those brain processes which are necessary to maintain the association may reduce the incidence of cue-elicited relapse.

Conditioned place preference (CPP) …

Antitumour Activities Of Some Schiff Bases Derived From Benzoin, Salicylaldéhyde, Amino Phenol And 2,4 Dinitrophenyl Hydrazine, M. Jesmin, M.M. Ali, J.A. Khanam

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Three schiff bases PDH [N-(1-phenyl-2-hydroxy-2phenyl ethyledine)-2', 4' dinitrophenyl hydrazine], PHP [N-(1 -phenyl, 2-hydroxy-2-phenyl ethylidine)-2' hydroxy phenyl imine] and HHP [N-(2-hydroxy benzylidine)-2' hydroxy phenyl imine] have been studied ag...

Antioxidant And Neuroprotective Effects Of Standardized Extracts Of Mangifera Indica Leaf, Kanistha Kawpoomhae, Monrudee Sukma, Tanasait Ngawhirunpat, Praneet Opanasopit, Areerut Sripattanaporn

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Standardized methanol and aqueous extracts of Mangifera indica L. (mango) leaf were analyzed for antioxidant and neuroprotective activities. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by 2, 2-azinobis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6-sulfonate (ABTS), 1,1-diphenyl-2-...

Comparative Study Of Extraction, Purification And Estimation Of Bromelain From Stem And Fruit Of Pineapple Plant, S. S. Gautam, S. K., V. Dash, Amit K. Goyal, G. Rath

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Bromelain is a major proteinase, isolated from pineapple (Ananas comosus). In the plant, bromelain is accumulated in the entire plant to different extent and properties depending on its source. The objective of present study was to compare the amount and...

Patients’ Opinion And Practice Toward Unused Medication Disposal In Malaysia : A Qualitative Study, Redhwan Ahmed Al-Naggar, Adel Alareefi

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

This study was conducted to explore the opinion and practice toward disposal of unused medication among patients in Malaysia. An in-depth interview conducted during the period from December 2009 until February 2010. A total of 28 patients participated in...

Biopharmaceuticals: An Overview, Bhupinder Singh Sekhon

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Biopharmaceuticals drugs structurally mimics compounds found within the body and are produced using biotechnologies. These have the potential to cure diseases rather than merely treat symptoms, and have fewer side effects because of their specificity, fo...

Conjugation Of Some Nsaids With 5-Phenyl-2-Aminothiazole For Reduced Ulcerogenicity, Abhilasha Verma, Nirupam Das, Meenakshi Dhanawat, Sushant K. Shrivastava

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Analgesic drugs containing free acidic group were reacted with N, N' carbonyldiimidazole to prepare the acylimidazole derivatives. They were further reacted with 5-phenyl-2-amino thiazole nucleus to obtain the corresponding amides. All the compounds were...

Anticonvulsant Activity Of Methanolic Extract Of Clerodendron Infortunatum Linn, In Swiss Albino Mice, Sudipta Das, Pallab K., Goutam Pramanik, Siva P. Panda, Samit Bera

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

The present study was designed to investigate the anticonvulsant and sleep potentiation effect of methanolic extract of C lerodendron info rtun atum Linn. (MECI) leaves in Swiss albino mice. The anticonvulsant effect of the MECI (250, 500 mg/kg body weig...

Use Of Charge Transfer Complexation Reaction For The Spectrophotometric Determination Of Bupropion In Pharmaceuticals And Spiked Human Urine, Kanakapura Basavaiah, Sameer A. M.

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

This is the first report on use of two visible spectrophotometric methods for the determination of bupropion hydrochloride (BUPH) in pharmaceuticals and spiked human urine. Bupropion is a second-generation antidepressant agent which is also used in the m...

Inhibitory Effect Of 2,5-Bis(4-Hydroxy-3-Methoxybenzylidene) Cyclopentanone On Mast Cell Histamine Mediated-Rat Paw Edema, Agung Endro Nugroho, Sardjiman, Kazutaka Maeyama

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

2,5-Bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)cyclopentanone, known as pentagamavunon-0 (PGV-0), is a benzylidene cyclopentanone analog of curcumin. This compound posses stronger pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and antibacter...

Sensitive Ultraviolet Spectrophotometric Determination Of Quetiapine Fumarate In Pharmaceuticals, K. Basavaiah, N. Rajendraprasad, P.J. Ramesh, K.B. Vinay

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Quetiapine fumarate (QTF) is a psychotropic agent belonging to the chemical class of benzisoxazole derivatives indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia. It is a selective monoaminergic antagonist with high affinity for the serotonin type 2 (5HT2), an...

Improvement In The Dissolution Of Poorly Water Soluble Drug Using Media Milling Technique, Dhaval J. Patel, Jayvadan K., Vikram M. Pandya

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

The rate of dissolution is rapidly becoming the leading hurdle in formulation development of poorly water-soluble drugs. In the present work, media milling was employed to formulate nanoparticles of a poorly water-soluble anti-ulcer drug, famotidine (FAM...

Spectroscopic Study Of The Inhibition Of Calcium Oxalate Calculi By Larrea Tridentata, Luis Alonso Pinales

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The causes of urolithiasis include such influences as diet, metabolic disorders, and genetic factors which have been documented as sources that aggravate urinary calculi depositions and aggregations, and, implicitly, as causes of urolithiasis. This study endeavors to detail the scientific mechanisms involved in calcium oxalate calculi formation, and, more importantly, their inhibition under growth conditions imposed by the traditional medicinal approach using the herbal extract, Larrea tridentata. The calculi were synthesized without and with Larrea tridentata infusion by employing the single diffusion gel technique. A visible decrease in calcium oxalate crystal growth with increasing amounts of Larrea tridentata herbal infusion …

Actions Of Octocoral And Tobacco Cembranoids On Nicotinic Receptors, P. A. Ferchmin, Oné R. Pagán, Henning Ulrich, Ada C. Szeto, Richard M. Hann, Vesna A. Eterović

Biology Faculty Publications

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) are pentameric proteins that form agonist-gated cation channels through the plasma membrane. AChR agonists and antagonists are potential candidates for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Cembranoids are naturally occurring diterpenoids that contain a 14-carbon ring. These diterpenoids interact with AChRs in complex ways: as irreversible inhibitors at the agonist sites, as noncompetitive inhibitors, or as positive modulators, but no cembranoid was ever shown to have agonistic activity on AChRs. The cembranoid eupalmerin acetate displays positive modulation of agonist-induced currents in the muscle-type AChR and in the related gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptor. Moreover, cembranoids display …

Mechanisms Of Neonatal Brain Injury In A Rat Pup Hypoxic-Ischemic Model, Wanqiu Chen

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is a major cause of acute morbidity and chronic nemological mortality in infants and children, with a reported incidence of 2- 9 per 1000 births. The pathophyiological mechanisms leading to immature brain damage after HI are complex and relate to the developmental stage of the brain. The objective of our study is to understand the neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury and to aid in the development of pharmacological treatments.

Hypoxic inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor which is stabilized and activated by hypoxia. It is the most important factor involved in the cellular response …

Identification Of A Conserved Cluster In The Rh Domain Of Grk Critical For Activation By Gpcrs, Faiza Baameur

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

One of the most critical aspects of G Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) regulation is their rapid and acute desensitization following agonist stimulation. Phosphorylation of these receptors by GPCR kinases (GRK) is a major mechanism of desensitization. Considerable evidence from studies of rhodopsin kinase and GRK2 suggests there is an allosteric docking site for the receptor distinct from the GRK catalytic site. While the agonist-activated GPCR appears crucial for GRK activation, the molecular details of this interaction remain unclear. Recent studies suggested an important role for the N- and C-termini and domains in the small lobe of the kinase domain in …

Copper(Ii) Complexes Of Coumarin-Derived Schiff Bases And Their Anti-Candida Activity, Bernadette S. Creaven, Michael Devereux, Dariusz Karcz, Andrew Kellett, Malachy Mccann, Andy Noble, Maureen Walsh

Articles

The condensation of 7-amino-4-methyl-coumarin (1) with a number of substituted salicylaldehydes yielded a series of Schiff bases (2a–2k) in good yields. Subsequent reaction of these ligands with copper( II) acetate yielded Cu(II) complexes (3a–3k) and some were characterised using X-ray crystallography. All of the free ligands and their metal complexes were tested for their anti-Candida activity.

A Cembranoid From Tobacco Prevents The Expression Of Nicotineinduced Withdrawal Behavior In Planarian Worms, Oné R. Pagán, Amanda L. Rowlands, Angela L. Fattore, Tamara Coudron, Kimberly R. Urban, Apurva H. Bidja, Vesna A. Eterović

Biology Faculty Publications

Using an adaptation of published behavioral protocols, we determined that acute exposure to the cholinergic compounds nicotine and carbamylcholine decreased planarian motility in a concentration-dependent manner. A tobacco cembranoid (1S,2E,4R,6R,7E,11E)-cembra-2,7,11- triene-4,6-diol (4R-cembranoid), also decreased planarian motility. Experiments in the presence of 1 μM 4R-cembranoid did increase the IC50 for nicotine- but not carbamylcholine-induced decrease in planarian motility. When planarians were exposed for 24 h to either nicotine or carbamylcholine at concentrations near their respective IC50 values and then transferred to plain media, nicotineexposed, but not carbamylcholine- or cembranoid-exposed worms displayed withdrawal-like distress behaviors. In experiments where planarians were pre-exposed to …