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Nebline, March 1994

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

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A New Species Of Opatrinus (Coleoptera: Pedinini: Tenebrionidae) From Cuba, Orlando H. Garrido, Esteban Gutierrez

Insecta Mundi

A new species of an endemic tenebrionid beetle, Opatrinus armasi, is described from the environs of San Antonio de los Banos, Havana Province. The new species is found living syntopically in this area with the more widespread 0. pullus. Comparisons with various populations of this latter species are made. Photographs of the beetles, drawing of pronotum, as well as males genitalia of both species are given.

Scientific Note: Phenacoccus Parvus Morrison, A Possible Injurious Mealybug Recorded For The First Time From Florida (Homoptera:Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae), D. J. Williams, A. B. Hamon

Insecta Mundi

Phenacoccus parvus Morrison is recorded from Florida for the first time. Specimens were collected at Miami on Cestrum diurnum (Solanaceae),l-IX-1883 by J. Frankel, and on an unidentified plant of the family Apiaciae (Umbelliferae), 4-XI-1983, by D. Barger. These records are also the first for the continental US. Phenacoccus parvus material from Hawaii on Sida fallax has been examined.

This mealybug was described from the Galapagos Islands. Williams and Cox (1984) synonymized the name P. surinamensis with P. parvus. This species has been recorded from the West Indies, Central America, and South America on many hosts (Williams and Granara de …

A Revision Of The Genus Anisostena Weise (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Hispinae). Part Ii. The Subgenus Anisostena: Key To The Species Groups And The Ariadne Species Group, C. L. Staines

Insecta Mundi

The subgenus Anisostena (Anisostena) is divided into three species groups. A key to the species groups is provided and the ariadne species group is revised. Lectotypes are designated for A. ariadne, A. bellula, and A. elegantula.

New Genera Of Tephritidae (Diptera) From Brazil And Dominican Amber, With Phylogenetic Analysis Of The Tribe Ortalotrypetini, Allen L. Norrbom

Insecta Mundi

The tribe Ortalotrypetini (Trypetinae) is expanded to include four genera, whose phylogenetic relationships are analyzed. The following are recognized: Ortalotrypeta Hendel, Cyaforma Wang, Neortalotrypeta, n. gen., proposed for N. bicolor, n. sp., from Brazil, and Protortalotrypeta, n. gen., proposed for P. grimaldii, n. sp., which is described from a specimen in amber from the Dominican Republic. Ortalotrypeta ziae, n. sp., from Taiwan, is described, and lectotypes are designated for 0. gigas Hendel and 0. idana Hendel. O. macula Wang and O. tonkinensis Zia are transferred to Cyaforma.

Scientific Note: New Synonymy In The Genus Dacne Latreille (Coleoptera: Erotylidae), Paul E. Skelley

Insecta Mundi

Dajoz (1988) recently described Dacne montana from Colorado. In an attempt to identify this species, I have compared the description with specimens of previously described Dacne, including paratypes of Boyle's species and specimens identified by Boyle (1956) in his revision. Dajoz's habitus illustration of Dacne montana is identical to paratypes of Dacne cyclochilus Boyle; the male genitalia match Boyle's drawing of those of D. cyclochilus; and the female genitalia match Boyle's illustration of those of Dacne californica (Horn).

Neotype Designations For The Type Species Of Phidippus (Araneae: Salticidae), G. B. Edwards

Insecta Mundi

Neotypes are designated for Attus audax Hentz and Salticus variegatus Lucas in order to establish the identity of these species to facilitate a ruling on the proper name of the type species of the genus Phidippus by the International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature.

New Species And Phylogenetic Analysis Of Cryptodacus, Haywardina, And Rhagoletotrypeta (Di Ptera: Tephritidae), Allen L. Norrbom

Insecta Mundi

The genera Cryptodacus, Haywardina, and Rhagoletotrypeta are revised, and the cladistic relationships among their species are analyzed. Cryptoplagia Aczel is synonymized with Haywardina, and Lezca Foote with Cryptodacus. Twenty-one species, including ten new species, are recognized. Keys, diagnoses, and illustrations to identify them are presented. Solanum trichoneuron is reported as a host plant of H. cuculi, and Celtis iguanaea as a host of R. pastranai.

Table Of Contents, Volume 8, No. 1 - 2, March - June 1994

Insecta Mundi

Table of Contents

Reclassification Of The New World Antlion Genera Formerly Included In The Tribe Brachynemurini (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae, Lionel A. Stange

Insecta Mundi

A cladistic analysis of the New World tribe Brachynemurini has resulted in several new taxonomic designations. The tribe is divided into 3 tribes, 2 of which are newly described. The Brachynemurini S.S. now contains 12 genera of which Argentoleon, Atricholeon, Mexoleon and Venezueleon are newly described. The Gnopholeontini (NEW TRIBE) includes 4 North American genera whereas the Lemolemini (NEW TRIBE) contains 6 South American genera of which Ecualeon and Galapagoleon are newly described. Descriptions of genera in the 3 tribes, based on adults and known larvae, are given. Keys to the genera in each tribe are provided, as well as …

The Subgenus Atrichopogon (Lophomyidium) With A Revision Of The Nearctic Species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), Willis W. Wirth

Insecta Mundi

Atrichopogon Kiefer, subgenus Rostropogon Remm, is a junior synonym of the subgenus Lophomyidium Cordero (NEW STATUS, NEW SYNONYMY). Monohela ocumare Ortiz from Venezuela is transferred to Atricopogon (Lophomyidium) (NEW COMBINATION). The Holarctic species Atrichopogon polydactylus Nielsen is a junior synonym of A. fusculus (Coquillet), a widespread and common species previously reported from only the Western Hemisphere. Four Nearctic species are described as NEW SPECIES: A. jamnbacki from salt and brackish marshes along the Atlantic coast from Nova Scotia to North Carolina; the following freshwater species A. deyrupi from southern Florida; A archboldi, from southern Florida, Texas and …

Life Or Death In Amber?, Robert E. Woodruff

Insecta Mundi

Because I've studied Dominican Amber for 25 years, this article began as a simple request for me to review a recent book: "Life in Amber" by George 0. Poinar, Jr., Stanford university Press. 350p.; 37 color and 154 black and white photos; 8 maps. Publication date: Sept. 25, 1992. Price: $55.00. It was soon obvious that the volume and nature of my comments precluded a simple review. My paraphrased title is a minor semantic difference with Dr. Poinar's, although I doubt that he would write of "Life in Egyptian Tombs". Creatures preserved for 30 to 40 million years should at …

Dynamics Of Host Blood Effects In Glossina Morsitans Sspp. Infected With Trypanosoma Congolense And T. Brucei, Reardon O. Olubayo, Steve Mihok, Eli Munyoki, Leonard H. Otieno

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The pattern of infection in Glossina morsitans morsitans and G. m. centralis membrane-fed on eland, buffalo or goat blood mixed with Trypanosoma congolense or T. brucei was studied from day 1 to day 10. Tsetse were initially permissive vectors, with most flies harbouring infections of 104-105 parasites on day 3. However, after a second blood meal on day 3, flies cleared many infections with G. m. morsitans clearing more infections than G. m. centralis. Infective feeds of goat blood consistently increased final infection rates by limiting the number of infections lost between days 3 and 6. In further experiments with …

Hexapod Herald - Vol. 5, No. 1, February 21, 1994

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Orizabus Subaziro, A New Species From Mexico (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae), Brett C. Ratcliffe

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

Orizabus subaziro Ratcliffe, new species, is described from Oaxaca, Mexico. Distinguishing characters are discussed and a modified key couplet is provided to enable identification and separation from other similar species.

Nebline, February 1994

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

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Heat Shock Proteins In Mojave Desert Dragonflies, Carol Juanita Promisel

Theses Digitization Project

Temperature plays a crucial role in the constant interaction between organisms and the environment. It affects development and rates of physiological functions as well as survival of organisms.

A Benefit Cost Analysis Of The Proposal To Eradicate Mediterranean Fruit Fly From Western Australia, Kingsley Thomas Fisher, Richard Bleakley, Neil Thomson

Research Reports

It is estimated that it would cost between $205M and $250M to eradicated Mediterranean Fruit Fly (MFF) from Western Australia (WA). While eradication would be beneficial for fruit growers, it is unlikely that benefits would outweigh costs. The most important factor influencing the economic outcome is, how the eradication program affects the export volume and price of fruit.

Hydraulic Lift And Soil Nutrient Heterogeneity, Martyn M. Caldwell, John H. Manwaring

Green Canyon Environmental Research Area, Logan Utah

Water released at night from roots into upper portions of the soil profile in the process of hydraulic lift may contribute to reducing spatial soil nutrient heterogeneity. A manipulative field experiment was conducted in a semiarid shrub stand to determine if circumvention of hydraulic lift, by nighttime illumination of the shrub canopy, would result in greater soil nutrient heterogeneity than if the hydraulic lift process was allowed to operate. Nutrient-enriched patches were superimposed on the existing soil heterogeneity and after 40 days, the patches and interspaces were sampled for ions of different mobility and for root mass. There was no …

Stratospheric Ozone Reduction, Solar Uv-B Radiation And Terrestrial Ecosystems, Martyn M. Caldwell, Stephan D. Flint

Green Canyon Environmental Research Area, Logan Utah

Stratospheric ozone reduction is occurring and will continue to increase in magnitude into the next century. Yet, the consequences for terrestrial ecosystems of the increased solar W-B (280-320 nm) radiation resulting from total column ozone reduction are not understood. Based on studies of higher plant response to UV-B, several possible consequences for ecosystems include decreased primary production, altered plant species composition, and altered secondary chemistry with implications for herbivory, litter decomposition and biogeochemical cycles. However, like the assessment of increased atmospheric CO2, extrapolation from studies with isolated plants to ecosystem function is very tenuous at best. Very few UV-B studies …

A Field Study Of The Predatory Mite Metaseiulus Occidentalis Overwintering In Apple Orchards In The South West Of Western Australia, K. J. Lacey

Horticulture published reports

The twospotted mite (Tetranychus urticae) is one of the major pests of horticultural crops in Australia, and can cause severe damage in deciduous tree fruit crops such as apples, pears and peaches if left unchecked (Seymour 1982).

This study was conducted to determine whether the predatory mite Metaseiulus occidentalis, once introduced into orchards in the south west of Western Australia, could survive through the winter period and repopulate the orchard the following season. Two orchards in the Manjimup region where M. occidentalis had been released in the early summer of 1990/91, were selected for the study.

On-tree shelters were placed …

Nebline, January 1994

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Horticulture

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Biological Control Of Doublegee : Doublegee Decline And The Dock Aphid, John Scott, Francoise Berlandier, Kristy Hollis

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Since 1990 farmers in the Western Australian wheatbelt have been reporting doublegee plants that appear to be diseased, stunted and producing poorly formed fruit (the spiny casing around the single doublegee seed). Often no obvious cause of this decline in plant health is apparent. Experiments carried out in 1990 showed that an aphid, which feeds hidden in the growing tips of doublegee stems and in young distorted leaves, is the most likely cause. This North American aphid, the dock aphid (Brachycaudus rumexicolens), arrived in WA in 1987. It appears to only feed on docks, doublegees and related plants and is …

Fecundity And Fertility Of Rhynchophorus Cruentatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Thomas J. Weissling, Robin M. Giblin-Davis

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The palmetto weevil (R. cruentatus F.) breeds in a variety of stressed or dying palms (Giblin-Davis & Howard 1988, 1989). These large (1.9 - 3.0 cm long) weevils are associated with the native cabbage palmetto, Sabal palmetto (Walter), in Florida (Woodruff 1967). Semiochemicals emanating from stressed or dying palms and male conspecifics (Weissling et al. 1992, 1993, 1994, Giblin-Davis et al. 1994) are attractive to R. cruentatus adults. Although not fully understood, mating apparently takes place on dying palms and females lay their eggs in the leaf bases or directly into the wounds of the host. Larvae develop primarily …

Nectar-Seeking Visits By Butterflies In A Tallgrass Prairie Remnant In Eastern Nebraska, Tanya Bray

Biology Faculty Publications

Stolley Prairie, a tallgrass virgin prairie remnant in eastern Nebraska, was visited 20 times between May 25 and August 14, 1988. Fifty-two species offorbs were observed in bloom during this period. Twenty-seven species of butterflies were observed and 21 species made 262 nectar-seeking visits to 21 plant species. While numbers offorbs in bloom did not strongly correlate with numbers of butterflies present, peaks of butterfly occurrence appeared to follow peaks of blossom abundance. The number of plant species utilized by a species of butterfly ranged from one to nine. Plants with an abundance of nectar such as common milkweed and …

Patterns Among Host Plants Of Potato Leafhopper, Empoasca Fabae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae), William O. Lamp, Gary R. Nielsen, Stephen D. Danielson

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Ecological characteristics of potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris), including polyphagy, suggest that non-economic plant species in the landscape may be important to its population ecology. The objectives of this study were to compile a host list, to ascertain taxonomic and ecological patterns within the list, and to determine host utilization in non-crop habitats. The host plant list included 220 species in 100 genera and 26 families. Fabaceae represented 47% of the genera and 62% of the species. Yet, the list includes a diversity of taxonomic groups within the class Magnoliopsida, representing highly divergent chemistry and morphological types. Ecological classifications, based …

Passive Trap For Monitoring Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Flight Activity, Thomas J. Weissling, Alan L. Knight

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A new passive trap, constructed of rigid, clear plastic panes (0.3 m by 0.3 m), coated with an STP Oil Treatment film as an adhesive, was developed for monitoring codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), movement within and between orchard canopies. Tests showed that the trap was effective in recapturing released codling moth adults, that the adhesive was not attractive to moths, and that the adhesive was still effective after remaining on a trap for 1 wk in the field. Field experiments demonstrated that the passive pane-trap method is as efficient for catching moths as molasses-baited traps but that it is …

Isolation Of Trypanosoma Spp. From Wild Tsetse Flies Through Procyclic Expansion In Glossina Morsitans Centralis, Steve Mihok, Eli N. Munyoki, Freddie Masaninga, Paul N. Ndegwa, Reardon O. Olubayo

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Procyclic trypanosomes from wild tsetse flies were membrane-fed to Glossina morsitans centralis in order to develop an optimal technique for propagating field isolates. A 70% success rate was achieved in isolating Trypanosoma simiae and a variety of genotypes of T. congolense originating from G. pallidipes, G. brevipalpis and G. swynnertoni. Parasites matured into forms infective for mammals, and could be maintained by passage of gut forms to new groups of flies. In experiments with laboratory stocks, we also passaged immature gut infections of T. congolense and T. brucei from various tsetse species to G. m. centralis. The optimal technique was …

Distribution And Sampling Of Chilo Partellus (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) In Maize And Sorghum On The Kenya Coast, W. A. Overholt, K. Ogedah, P. M. Lammers

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The seasonal occurrence and spatial distribution of the crambine stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) were investigated in maize, Zea mays, and sorghum, Sorghum bicolor, fields at the Kenya coast. During the vegetative growth stage, small-sized larvae were typically found behind leaf sheaths and in whorls in maize and sorghum. In reproductive and senescent maize, small-sized larvae were also found feeding in ears. Later immature life stages were located predominantly in stems in sorghum, and in the stems and ears in maize. Density and variance estimates of small, medium-, and large-sized larvae and pupae in maize and sorghum were fitted to …

Trypanosoma Simiae In The White Rhinoceros (Ceratotherium Simum) And The Dromedary Camel (Camelus Dromedarius), Steve Mihok, Erich Zweygarth, Eli N. Munyoki, John Wambua, Richard Kock

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Trypanosoma simiae was identified as the cause of a disease outbreak in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) introduced to Tsavo East National Park, confirming the susceptibility of camels to this pathogen. T. simiae was also isolated from a new host, the white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) through xenodiagnosis with a susceptible tsetse species (Glossina morsitans centralis). A white rhinoceros showed some evidence of anaemia and lymphopaenia when harbouring T. simiae, but did not suffer any long-term health effects. © 1994.