Entomology Commons^™

Detection And Epidemic Dynamic Of Tocv And Ccyv With Bemisia Tabaci And Weed In Hainan Of China, Xin Tang, Xiaobin Shi, Deyong Zhang, Fan Li, Fei Yan, Youjun Zhang, Yong Liu, Xuguo Zhou

Entomology Faculty Publications

Background: In recent years, two of the crinivirus, Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) and Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV) have gained increasing attention due to their rapid spread and devastating impacts on vegetable production worldwide. Both of these viruses are transmitted by the sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), in a semi-persistent manner. Up to now, there is still lack of report in Hainan, the south of China.

Methods: We used observational and experimental methods to explore the prevalence and incidence dynamic of CCYV and ToCV transmitted by whiteflies in Hainan of China.

Results: In 2016, the chlorosis symptom was observed …

Daily Eclosion Pattern Of The Saratoga Spittlebug, Aphrophora Saratogensis (Fitch) (Homoptera: Cercopidae), Louis F. Wilson, Patrick C. Kennedy

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The Saratoga spittlebug, Aphrophora saratogensis (Fitch), is a destructive pest of young planted pines in the Lake States. The adults injure the pines by feeding on the sap of branches. However, nymphs feed on the sap of alternate host plants, which include many herbs and woody plants on the forest floor. Our studies show that the time of the eclosion and shortly thereafter is one of the most vulnerable periods in the insect's life cycle. During this period the nymphs must free themselves from the eggs that are on pine buds, vacate the pines, search out suitable host plants on …

Within-Tree Distribution Of The Jack Pine Tip Beetle, Conophthorus Banksianae Mcpherson, On Jack Pine, David J. Hall, Louis F. Wilson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The jack pine tip beetle (Conophthorus banksianae McPherson) attacks the shoot tips of jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and other pines, killing the apical one inch of the shoot and thus causing crooks and forks in the branches and main stem. Several recent studies on the insect have present the bionomics, host relations, and mortality (McPherson, Wilson, and Stehr, 1970; McPherson, Stehr, and Wilson, 1970; Hall and Wilson, 1974), as part of a project to learn its importance to the forest resource and to seek potential control methods. In the part of the study reported here we wanted to know …

Injury To Aldrin-Treated And Untreated Red Pine By White Grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) And Other Agents During First Five Years After Planting, Richard F. Fowler, Louis F. Wilson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Freshly planted red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) seedlings are vulnerable to injury by several agents. White grubs -- the larvae of May beetles (Phyllophaga spp.) -- are among these agents and sometimes must be controlled in areas scheduled for pine planting. A study was begun in 1967 to evaluate the effectiveness of applying three levels of aldrin for controlling white grubs in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. After two years white grubs were satisfactorily suppressed by the three treatments tested (Fowler and Wilson 1971a). Reported here is a continuation of that study for five years following planting. We wanted to …

Scabies By Kenneth Mellamby, Harold D. Newson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Book Review of Scabies by Kenneth Mellamby. Second Edition. E.W. Classey Limited, London, 1972.

North American Species Of The Genus Axonopsis (Acarina: Aturidae: Axonopsinae), David R. Cook

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt) Members of the genus Axonopsis have a broad zoogeographic distribution but are unreported from the Australian region and South America south of Colombia. Species occur in permanent standing waters and streams (including interstitial water). Representa- tives of four subgenera, Axonopsis s. s., Brachypodopsis, Paraxonopsis and Vicinaxonopsis, have been collected in North America, and a species of the closely related genus Erebaxonopsis is also known from interstitial waters in California. The only anomalous aspects of the distributional patterns are the apparent absence of Hexaxonopsis (which has a relatively widespread Palearctic range) and the stream (and interstitial) habitat of the North …

Effects Of A Prescribed Burn On The Adult Butterfly Assemblage Of A Coastal Grassland, J. Nicole Desha, Joseph Colbert, Kimberly M. Andrews, Scott Coleman, C. Tate Holbrook

Georgia Journal of Science

Coastal grasslands are globally threatened by development and natural succession. In the southeastern United States, these increasingly rare ecosystems are being managed using prescribed fire, but ecological responses to fire management are largely unknown, particularly among nontargeted species. We tested for short-term effects of controlled burning on the abundance and species richness of adult butterflies, which utilize coastal grasslands for nectaring resources and as migratory stopover sites. In February 2015, four plots of coastal grassland on Little St. Simons Island, GA were burned and paired with unburned (control) plots of equal size. Throughout the following summer-fall flight season, we conducted …

Nebline, September 2017

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: Early Childhood Educators Benefit from Mindfulness Reflection

Food & Health

Farm & Acreage

Pests & Wildlife

Horticulture

Early Childhood

4-H & Youth

and other extension news and events

Economic Injury Levels For Aphis Glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) On The Soybean Aphid Tolerant Ks4202 Soybean, Lia Marchi-Werle, Edson L.L. Baldin, Hillary D. Fischer, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Thomas Hunt

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is an invasive species from Asia that has been the major economic insect pest of soybeans, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, since 2000. While use of soybeans expressing antibiosis and antixenosis is a well-studied strategy to manage this pest, aphid-tolerant soybeans remain underexplored. This study examined the relationship between cumulative aphid-days (CAD) and yield loss in the tolerant soybean KS4202 during two growing seasons to determine the economic injury levels (EILs) for soybean aphids on KS4202. Soybean aphid infestations were initiated during the soybean reproductive stages. A range of CAD treatments (3,000–45,000 CADs) …

Impact Of Habitat Degradation On Species Diversity And Nest Abundance Of Five African Stingless Bee Species In A Tropical Rainforest Of Kenya, Nkoba Kiatoko, Suresh Kumar Raina, Frank Van Langevelde

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Natural habitat degradation often involves the reduction or disappearance of bee species. In Africa, stingless bees are hunted for honey, which is used as food, for medicinal purposes, and for traditional rituals. Severe habitat degradation due to human settlement is hypothesized to have a negative impact on the species diversity of the African stingless bee species. In this paper, we assess the impact of habitat degradation on the diversity of five stingless bee species across different habitats in the tropical rainforest of Kenya (indigenous forest, mixed indigenous forest) and its neighbouring landscape (grassland, village) in western Kenya. The species fauna, …

The Impact Of Hive Type On The Behavior And Health Of Honey Bee Colonies (Apis Mellifera) In Kenya, Alexander Mcmenamin, Fiona Mumoki, Maryann Frazier, Joseph Kilonzo, Bernard Mweu, Tracey Baumgarten, Harland Patch, Baldwyn Torto, Daniel Masiga, James Tumlinson, Christina Grozinger, Elliud Muli

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

There has been a long-standing interest in developing approaches to maximize honey production by Kenyan beekeepers. Since honey bees in Kenya are passively managed, the main decision beekeepers make is which hive type to use: traditional Log hives, Langstroth hives, and Kenyan top-bar hives. We found Langstroth hives to be the most attractive to migrating swarms, followed by Log hives, while Kenyan top-bar hives were the least preferred. Pathogen and parasite loads correlated only with colony age and absconding rates were associated only with colony size and weight. We recommend additional studies to understand the factors that drive swarm attraction …

Impact Of Introduced Parasitoid Cotesia Vestalis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) On Plutella Xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) And Its Parasitoid Guild On Kale In Semi-Arid Areas In Kenya, Ruth Kahuthia-Gathu, Brigitte Nyambo, Sevgan Subramanian

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Cotesia vestalis was introduced into Kenya from South Africa in March 2003 for biological control of Plutella xylostella with initial release in 2004. To confirm establishment, the rate of spread beyond the release sites and parasitism rates by C. vestalis were assessed between October 2011 and April 2012 in eastern and southeastern Kenya (Kitui, Mwingi/Yatta and Loitokitok areas). Monthly observations on kale infestation by diamondback moth, damage scores, parasitism and parasitoid guild were undertaken on 20 randomly selected plants in farmer-managed kale farms. Sampled larval and pupal stages were placed in containers and taken to the laboratory for parasitoid emergence. …

An Assessment Of The Magnitudes And Factors Associated With Postharvest Losses In Off-Farm Grain Stores In Kenya, Joseph K. Mwangi, Christopher M. Mutungi, Soul Kifouly G. Midingoyi, Abdul K. Faraj, Hippolyte D. Affognon

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Off-farm grain storage is an important postharvest undertaking by government, traders and processors in Kenya. A survey was conducted in 2014/2015 to assess the kinds and magnitudes of perceived losses experienced in off-farm stores, and the factors associated with them. Store supervisors or key personnel charged with grain storage in 39 public and 74 private stores, spread across the six maize growing agro-ecological zones, were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Total perceived losses averaged 17.6± 2.3%, and were attributed to insects (7.2± 1.0%), molds (5.7± 2.1%), moisture loss (3.4± 0.5%), rodents (2.0± 0.5%), spillage (0.50 ± 0.0%) and birds (0.10± …

The Mecoptera Of Michigan, Albert R. Thornhill, James B. Johnson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt) To date, no one has published on the Mecoptera of Michigan. A comprehensive taxonomic paper on the Mecoptera of Illinois, by Donald W. Webb, Illinois Natural History Survey, and Norman D. Penny, University of Kansas, is in preparation and will include keys to and descriptions of the midwestern species of Mecoptera. It is hoped that the present paper will supplement the publication by Webb and Penny and enable interested persons in Michigan to easily identify adult Mecoptera.

The Etymology Of The Names Pipunculus Latreille And Dorilas Meigen (Diptera, Pipunculidae), H. D. Cameron

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt) There are at least two good reasons for understanding the etymology of scientific names. The first is to satisfy the natural curiosity about the history of the terms we use, and to gain an entree into the mind of the man ~.ho fist used a name. A study of Fabricius' names, for instance, reveals that he had a playful sense of humor. Secondly, such understanding contributes to the stability of names, and helps to prevent irresponsible emendation of spelling, gender, or morphology such as burden the synonomies of most groups. It is happily

Similarities In Evasive Behavior Of Wolf Spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae), American Toads (Anura: Bufonidae) And Ground Beetles (Coleopterea: Carabidae), Lauren E. Brown, James H. Thrall

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt) While collecting newly metalnorphosed American toads, Bufo anlericanus Holbrook, we have observed that they exhibited evasive behavior similar to that of adults of the wolf spiders, Pardosa saxatilis (Hentz), Pirata insularis Emerton, Pirata arerzicola Emerton, Pirata piratica (Oliver), and adults of the ground beetle, Elaplrrus ruscarius Say. When pursued or disturbed, the spiders, beetles and toads ran across the pound rapidly for short distances (ca. 1-50 cm). They then stopped abruptly and remained motionless. If they were further pursued, this escape sequence was repeated in the same or another direction. Toads and spiders occasionally moved to shallow water to …

A Flexible Computer Program For The Production Of Insect Labels, Carl W. Albrecht, Russell V. Skavaril

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt) In many instances multiple copies of identical insect labels are needed, either with or without blank spaces, for the purpose of placing collection or determination data with a specimen. One of several ways to produce acceptable insect labels is through the photo-reduction of typewritten copy. Compared to type setting, followed by press printing, this method provides greater flexibility, and often quicker results, especially when labels are needed only in relatively small quantities; also, it may be less expensive than press printing. However, the typing of full sheets of photo-ready copy is a tedious and time consuming process. If one …

"An Index To The Described Li1:E Histories, Early Stages And Hosts Of The Macrolepidoptera Of The Continental United States And Canada,'' By Harrison Morton Tietz, 1972, M. C. Nielsen

The Great Lakes Entomologist

"AN INDEX TO THE DESCRIBED LI1:E HISTORIES, EARLY STAGES AND HOSTS OF THE MACROLEPIDOPTERA OF THE CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES AND CANADA,'' by Harrison Morton Tietz, 1972. Two volumes, 1041 p., published by A. C. Allyn for the Allyn Museum of Entomology, Sarasota, Florida. Distributed exclusively in North America by Entomological Reprint Specialists, P.O. Box 77971, Dockweiler Station, Los Angeles, California 90007. Price: $25.00 U.S. per set.

Introduction Of Parasites Of The Larch Sawfly In Minnesota, H M. Kulman, L. C. Thompson, J. A. Witter

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Olesicampe benefactor Hinz and the Bavarian strain of Mesoleius tenthredinis Morley, European ichneunionid parasites of the larch sawfly, Pristiphora erichsonii (Hartig), were introduced into northern Minnesota from Manitoba in 1971 and 1972. Both species are now established. There was also natural spread of 0. benefactor into Minnesota from Manitoba releases in 1961 at a point ca. 200 miles northwest of the Minnesota plots.

The Minnesota Species Of Aeshna With Notes On Their Habits And Distribution (Odonata: Aeshnidae), Marilee S. Boole, Charles L. Hamrum, Myron A. Anderson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Apart from the well-known green darner, Anax junius, the species of Aeshna are the most familiar Minnesota Aeshnidae. These species are remarkably uniform in appearance. The basic body color is brown with blue, green, or yellow stripes on the thorax and with marks of similar color on the abdomen. Usually the spots of male specimens are blue, whereas green of various shades appears on most females. The individual species are not readily discernible to the novice collector.

Effects Of Elicitor Induced Host Plant Resistance On Lepidopteran Insecticide Efficacy, Abigail Cox

LSU Master's Theses

Soybean looper (SBL), Chrysodeixis includens (Walker), is an important defoliating Lepidopteran pest of southern U.S. soybean and utilizes other agronomic crops and weeds as hosts. With increasing resistance to insecticides, alternative control strategies such as induced host plant resistance were evaluated against SBL. Jasmonic acid (JA) is an elicitor of host plant resistance, and was selected to determine its fit in an IPM plan for SBL. JA was applied to the top of meridic SBL diet and fed to SBL; no effects were found. JA applied as an exogenous elicitor to cotton, sweet potato, okra, cowpea, and soybean did result …

Six New Species And A New Country Record Of Coleoxestia Aurivillius, 1912 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae), Antonio Santos-Silva, James E. Wappes

Insecta Mundi

Six new species of Coleoxestia Aurivillius, 1912 (Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae, Cerambycini) are described: C. clarkei from Bolivia; C. chemsaki and C. eyai from Peru; C. fragosoi and C. rafaeli from Brazil; and C. hovorei from Ecuador. Coleoxestia rachelae Eya and Chemsak is also newly recorded from Peru (new country record). Dorsal, ventral and lateral illustrations along with illustrations of various other structures are provided for each of the new species. In some cases, existing key couplets by Eya and Chemsak (2005) or Martins and Monné (2005) are modifi ed to help separate a new species from similar existing species. A …

A Fourth Account Of Centipede (Chilopoda) Predation On Bats, T. Todd Lindley, Jesús Molinari, Rowland M. Shelley, Barry N. Steger

Insecta Mundi

With an incident in Palo Duro Canyon, Texas, USA, Scolopendra heros Girard (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae) becomes the third centipede species known to prey on bats; S. gigantea Linnaeus and S. viridicornis Newport have been so documented in Venezuela and Brazil, respectively. The Texas predation was interrupted by the predator/prey pair’s falling around 15–20 m from the canyon wall and, perhaps also, by human presence where they landed. The centipede uncoiled and retreated to shelter under a nearby rock and, after initial immobilization, so did the bat.

Con un incidente en Palo Duro Canyon, Texas, Estados Unidos, Scolopendra heros Girard (Chilopoda: …

Classification, Natural History, And Evolution Of The Subfamily Peloniinae Opitz (Coleoptera: Cleroidea: Cleridae). Part Viii. Systematics Of The Checkered Beetle Genus Chariessa Perty, Weston Opitz

Insecta Mundi

The New World genus Chariessa Forster (Coleoptera: Cleroidea: Cleridae) is revised and includes C. catalina Opitz, new species, C. elegans Horn, C. dichroa (LeConte), C. floridana Schaeffer, C. pilosa (Forster), C. texana Wolcott, C. ramicornis Perty, C. vestita (Chevrolat), and C. duponti (Spinola). Enoplium pilosa var. marginata Say is synonymized with Chariessa pilosa Forster. Lectotypes are designated for C. pilosa (Forster), C. ramicornis Perty, and C. vestita (Chevrolat). Available information indicates that Chariessa adult and immature individuals are predatory on lignicolous insects with a particular affinity for cerambycids and buprestids that infest species of oak. It is postulated …

A Contribution On The Neglected Milliped Genus Apheloria Chamberlin 1921 (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae/-Inae: Apheloriini): Neotype Designation And Description Of Julus Virginiensis Drury 1770., Rowland M. Shelley, Gary Phillips, Jamie M. Smith

Insecta Mundi

A trimaculate male of the diplopod genus Apheloria Chamberlin (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae/-inae: Apheloriini) from 1.3 km (0.8 mi) west of McKenney, Dinwiddie County (Co.), Virginia, is designated the Neotype of Julus virginiensis Drury 1770, thereby stabilizing the earliest name for a North American milliped and authenticating its prior assignment to this taxon. The existing concept of Apheloria is accepted in the absence of a revisionary treatment, and a modern description of A. v. virginiensis with gonopod drawings and color photos is provided. Drury’s original account and his letter to the Virginian who sent him the original specimens are quoted verbatim to …

A Revision Of Phlegoninae (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species, Robert L. Otto

Insecta Mundi

A primitive subfamily of false click beetles (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae: Phlegoninae) distributed primarily in the Neotropical region is revised. Euryphlegon gen. nov. is described from Belize in Central America. New species include: Phlegon chiriquiensis sp. nov. (Panama), Phlegon panamensis sp. nov. (Panama), Euryphlegon jacqueschassaini sp. nov. (Panama) and Euryphlegon parallelus sp. nov. (Belize). Phlegon herculeanus (Lacordaire) stat. res. is resurrected from synonymy with Phlegon buqueti Laporte. One new combination is proposed: Euryphlegon degallieri (Muona) (Phlegon). Based on a number of observed external character traits, Euryphlegon is placed in Orodotini Muona, 1993 within Macraulacinae Fleutiaux, 1922. …

The Genesis Of A.R. Grote's "Collecting Noctuidae By Lake Erie", Ronald S. Wilkinson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Since its serial publication in The Entomologist's Record during 1895, Augustus Radcliffe Grote's "Collecting Noctuidae by Lake Erie" has become a minor classic of entomological literature. This brief but compelling reminiscence of two and a half months under canvas has long been considered one of the finest of the many accounts which have been written about the pursuit of Lepidoptera, and it is especially treasured by those collectors who, like Grote at Lake Erie, have used the method of 'sugaring' to capture moths. Surely much of the essay's appeal is due to Grote's facile and unusually colorful literary style; as …

The Life Cycle Relative To Temperature Of Protaphorura Armatus (Tullberg) (Collembola: Onychiuridae), A Parathenogenetic Species, Renate M. Snider

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Apparent parthenogenetic reproduction in Collembola has sometimes been attributed to accidental transfer of spermatophores with the food material from one culture to another (Schaller, 1953; Mayer, 1957). Conclusive evidence of parthenogenesis has only in recent years been accumulated for a number of species of Collembola, of which some were found in field populations consisting entirely of females (Choudhuri, 1958; Huther, 1961; Marshall and Kevan, 1962; Petersen, 1965; 1971 ; Snider, 1973). In Onychiuridae, parthenogenesis is apparently quite common. Onychiurus parthenogeneticus Choudhuri and Tullbergia krausbaueri (Bomer) undoubtedly reproduce in the absence of males (Choudhuri, 1958; Hale, 1966; Petersen, 1971); so does …

Freezing Lepidoptera For Temporary Storage, Ronald S. Wilkinson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Frequently the lepidopterist is faced with the problem of mounting an inordinately larze number of specimens taken on a field trip. Most butterflies and larger moths may of course be pinned or papered and relaxed at leisure for mounting, but this method does not work well with smaller moths, which even if pinned immediately should be mounted quickly before drying occurs. Even a specimen as large as an average-sized Noctuid is not really a satisfactory subject for spreading after drying and relaxing. The recent republication of Tindale's 1962 observations on the ability of chlorocresoI to retard drying (Tindalc, 1973) has …

Ovacarus Peellei, A Nre Species Of Mite (Acarina: Podapolipidae) Associated With The Carabid Pasimachus Elongatus, Robert W. Husband

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Recently, a new genus and species of rnite was discovered in association with the vaginal membrane or aedeagus of Clivina impressifrons, a pest which damages corn seed and seedlings in the midwest (Stannard and Vaishampyan 1971). This mite, Ovacarus clivinae, was described as a monotypic species of the genus Ovacarus. In the process of examining another midwestern carabid beetle, Pasimachus elongatus LeConte, an undescribed species of Ovacarus was discovered. Larviform females were found near the external genitalia. All stages were found associated with oviducts and vaginal membranes, in a manner similar to that described by Stannard and …