Animal Sciences Commons^™

Oligosaccharides, Onion Peel, And Essential Oils As Feed Additives In The Diet Of Dairycattle: In Vitro Fermentation, Greenhouse Gases, Ruminal Nutrient Degradability, Andvolatile Fatty Acid Production, Kelechi A. Ike, Oludotun O. Adelusi, Joel O. Alabi, Lydia K. Olagunju, Michael Wuaku, Chika C. Anotaenwere, Deborah O. Okedoyin, Oluteru E. Orimaye, Deandrea Gray, Peter A. Dele, Kiran Subedi, Ahmed E. Kholif, Uchenna Y. Anele

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study investigated the effect of inclusion of dietary oligosaccharides, onion peel, and an essential oil blend (EOB; containing anise, clove, oregano, cedarwood, and ginger in the ratio 4:2:2:1:1) individually and in combinations in the total mixed ration of dairy cattle on in vitro gas production (GP), dry matter disappearance (DMD), fiber fraction disappearance, and total and individual volatile fatty acid (VFA) production. EOB was used at 200 μL g–1 of feed while the other additives were administered at 3% of the feed on a dry matter basis. The in vitro batch culture technique was used for this experiment and …

Honeybee Biodiversity Based On Five Mitochondrial Genes And New Evidence For Differentsublineages In Türkiye, Meral Kekeçoğlu, Songül Bi̇r, Merve Kambur Acar, Rustem Ilyasov

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, the genetic structure of honey bee populations in Türkiye was analyzed using eleven restriction endonuclease enzymes targeting the COI-COII, COI, 16S rDNA, ND5, and CYT B genes. A total of 553 worker honey bee samples were collected from 43 different districts across Türkiye, as well as from Greece, Bulgaria, and Georgia, neighboring countries of Türkiye. Analysis of the COI region using the HinfI restriction enzyme revealed the presence of two mitotypes. Type 1 was the predominant type in Türkiye, while Type 2 was detected exclusively in Hatay, a province in the southern part of the country. Notably, …

Phenotypic And Molecular Characterization And Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern Of Pasteurella And Mannheimia Species Obtained From Cattle And Sheep With Pneumonia, Eli̇f Karadeni̇z Pütür, Fati̇h Büyük, Yaren Ersoy

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Among the heterogeneous Pasteurellaceae family, Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica are the pathogenic species that cause enzootic pneumonia in cattle and sheep. This study aimed to characterise Pasteurella and Mannheimia species obtained from pneumonia cases in cattle and sheep. 100 cattle and 100 sheep lungs diagnosed with infectious pneumonia as a result of histopathological examination were analyzed for Pasteurellaceae members by phenotypic methods, VITEK 2 Compact system and PCR. Antibiotic susceptibilities and phylogenetic analysis of the isolates were done by VITEK 2 Compact System and 16S rRNA-PCR, respectively. Seven Pasteurella multocida and 9 Mannheimia haemolytica were identified. All strains were …

Black Grouper (Mycteroperca Bonaci) Neurocranium, Nicholas Burchett, Kelsee Rotering, Marissa Rosas, David Kerstetter, Derek Burkholder

All Scans: Kerstetter Fisheries and Avian Ecology 3D Scan Series

No abstract provided.

Going Vegan Can Progressively Lift Us Into Heightened Consciousness – Exclusive Book Extract From Hungry Beautiful Animals, Matthew C. Halteman

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

In this excerpt taken from Chapter 5 of the new book Hungry Beautiful Animals, author and philosopher Matthew Halteman argues that choosing not to eat animals can usher us into a higher state of consciousness.

Spatial Ecology Of Large Bodied Ichthyofauna In The Red River Of The North Basin, William Marshall Stuart

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Understanding spatial patterns and processes is essential for designing research studies, implementing management actions, and planning restoration efforts. The Red River of the North basin spans a broad geographic area where jurisdictional oversight is divided among several entities (Manitoba, CAN; North Dakota, USA; Minnesota, USA; South Dakota, USA), creating a mosaic of regulatory and functional process zones. Understanding the spatial ecology of freshwater fishes in this disjointed landscape is essential to address diverse life history requirements and the movement constraints imposed by anthropogenic structures. Long-term acoustic telemetry revealed that large bodied ichthyofauna employ a diverse range of movement strategies (i.e., …

Butterfly Peacock Bass (Cichla Ocellaris), Samuel K. Zellefrow, David Kerstetter, John Nichols

All Scans: Kerstetter Fisheries and Avian Ecology 3D Scan Series

No abstract provided.

Red Grouper (Epinephelus Morio) Neurocranium, David Ferreiro

All Scans: Kerstetter Fisheries and Avian Ecology 3D Scan Series

No abstract provided.

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Camas Pocket Gopher (Thomomys Bulbivorus), Eleanor P. Gaines

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for Camas pocket gopher (Thomomys bulbiforus) using NatureServe methodology, 2024.

Comparing Metabolism And Hypoxia Tolerance Of Native And Non-Native Florida Freshwater Fishes In Climate Change Scenarios, Benjamin A. Share

All HCAS Student Capstones, Theses, and Dissertations

As climate change brings rising water temperatures and lower dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations to freshwater bodies, it has become increasingly important to understand how this will affect ecosystems with established non-native or invasive species. Fishes of the family Cichlidae are the most pervasive non-native fishes in the Everglades and may increase their range further north under a changing climate. To better understand potential invasibility and competition with native fishes, the metabolism and hypoxia tolerance of non-native Blue Tilapia Oreochromis aureus was compared to native Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus when acclimated across a range of seasonal and projected temperatures. Intermittent-flow respirometry was …

Understanding Bigeye Scad (Selar Crumenophthalmus) In Southeast Florida: Age-Growth, Reproduction, And Diet, Mariah France

All HCAS Student Capstones, Theses, and Dissertations

In southeastern Florida, the bigeye scad (Selar crumenophthalmus) is highly regarded as a baitfish for targeting billfish and other large sportfishes, often commanding market prices as live bait exceeding $180 per dozen. Despite its economic significance, there is limited knowledge regarding the species within the Atlantic Ocean, especially the population that occurs in Florida. Bigeye scad were collected monthly from local bait shops in Pompano Beach, Miami, and Islamorada to assess age-growth, reproductive behaviors, and dietary habits. Specimens from May to August had the highest values for length-weight relationships and gonadsomatic index, indicative of a spawning season during …

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Wolverine (Gulo Gulo), Misty Nelson, Eleanor P. Gaines

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for wolverine (Gulo gulo) using NatureServe methodology, 2024.

Providing Proteins To Belizean Residents Through Poultry Products, Ellis Freel

Poultry Science Undergraduate Honors Theses

Belize is a food insecure, developing country. Although Belize has plenty of nutritious food in-country, the exportation of that food to generate income contributed to a distribution issue of that nutritious food. More impoverished areas of Belize do not have access to nutritious food because of the lack of affordability and high export rates. Diets with a lack of food, or lack of balanced, nutritious food can negatively impact growth and cognitive development, especially in children. Poultry is one of the only products in Belize not able to be exported. Implementing poultry into Belizean diets would affordably alleviate food insecurity …

Dairy & Food Science News, December 2024, Department Of Dairy And Food Science News

Dairy & Food Science News

Message from the Department Head
Faculty & Staff Updates
New Faculty Joining Our Department
Current Team of Faculty & Staff
Recruitment Updates & Opportunities
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Fisheries Research Report No. 347: Recreational Fishing For Marron In South-West Western Australia From 2000 – 2024: Estimates Of Participation, Effort And Catch, Claire B. Smallwood, Karina L. Ryan, Eva Lai, Fabian I. Trinnie, Aidan Long

Fisheries Research Reports

The Smooth Marron (Cherax cainii) (‘Marron’) is endemic to freshwater dams and rivers of south-west Western Australia. The Recreational Marron Fishery is managed as a single stock within the South-West Recreational Freshwater Resource and is highly vulnerable to over-exploitation due to the biological characteristics of the species (e.g., low fecundity, localised populations) as well as external environmental (e.g., habitat loss, reduction in rainfall) and human factors (e.g., fishing, land clearing).

Due to this vulnerability, this species has been the focus of research, monitoring and management since the 1970’s. Recreational fishing for Marron was first licensed under the Amateur Fisherman’s licence …

Fisheries Research Report No. 349: South-West Freshwater Angling In Western Australia From 2000/01 – 2023/24: Estimates Of Participation, Effort And Catch, Aidan Long, Claire B. Smallwood, Karina L. Ryan, Eva Lai, Fabian I. Trinnie

Fisheries Research Reports

The South-west Freshwater Angling fishery (SWFA) in Western Australia is a licensed, low participation fishery primarily targeting the introduced Brown Trout (Salmo trutta) and Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), which are stocked in popular dams and rivers across the region. Other licensed species include the introduced Redfin Perch (Perca fluviatilis) and the native Freshwater Cobbler (Tandanus bostocki). Freshwater angling is also managed by input and output control rules including gear regulations (one rod and line or handline with a small landing net), minimum size limits and a daily mixed freshwater species bag limit of 4 individuals (excluding Redfin Perch which has …

Draft Management Plan For The South Coast Scallop Managed Fishery, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Fisheries Management Papers

The Minister for Fisheries (Minister) intends to transition the South Coast Trawl Fishery (SCTF) to formal management by determining a management plan for the fishery in accordance with section 54(1) of the Fish Resources Management Act 1994 (FRMA).

Section 54(1) of FRMA provides for the Minister to determine by instrument in writing published in the Government Gazette, a management plan for a fishery. Not less than two months prior to determining a management plan, the Minister must, in accordance with section 64(2) of FRMA, prepare a draft of the plan and by notice in the Gazette, state their intent to …

Fat Deposition, Β- Carotene, And Vitamin A Metabolism In Bulls, Steers, And Heifers, Tesla Trammell

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Research highlights the impact of Vitamin A on cattle growth and meat quality. Supplementing Vitamin A early in life has been linked to enhanced IMF content and growth rates in calves, especially when administered at birth or during early developmental stages. This is attributed to the role of the ZFP423 gene in adipocyte formation, with studies noting its involvement in the development of IMF during the finishing phase.

This study aims to add to the present research by evaluate the effect of calves’ sexual class on blood β-carotene and Vitamin A before weaning. The second study evaluated the β- carotene …

Minimizing Take Of Threatened Rattlesnakes And Optimizing Project Review In Se Nebraska, Shaun Dunn, Dan Fogell, Colleen Rothe-Groleau

Nebraska Department of Transportation: Research Reports

The western massasauga (Sistrurus tergeminus) and the timber rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus) are protected under Nebraska Statute 37-801-811 and listed as threatened species. These species occur in the right-of-way (ROW) along several roads in Jefferson, Gage, Pawnee, and Richardson Counties which necessitates the need for added Environmental Review (ER) from Nebraska Department of Transportation (NDOT) staff and onsite surveys prior and during maintenance and construction to roadways. This project sought to minimize ER time, staff time, and increase the knowledge of these species in southeast Nebraska by:

1. Identifying precise locations of western massasauga brumation sites;
2. Mapping travel …

Analyzing Head Morphology Trends With Increasing Population Density In A Jamaican Lizard Species, Lillian Durand

2024 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

Anolis lizards are model organisms for studying natural selection and evolutionary processes. One trait that is hypothesized to be advantageous for males is head size, as larger heads lead to stronger bite forces and increased likelihood in outcompeting other males for mates. To better understand how linked head size and intraspecific competition are, the head morphology of male A. lineatopus was analyzed among Jamaican populations with varying levels of population density. Population densities were determined using standardized plot surveys and mark resight models. Head dimensions and body condition for individual lizards were measured at each site. My study found that …

Research Angler Program Newsletter: Recognition Of Two Decades Of The Research Angler Program, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Fisheries Research Reports

For over two-decades, volunteer recreational fishers have been diligently filling in angler logbooks as part of the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (DPIRD) Research Angler Program (RAP). The program, which began in 2004, was initially designed as a tool to enhance data collection for estuarine finfish in the West Coast Bioregion.

Throughout time, the program expanded to collect data on all species, habitat types and bioregions, generating community involvement all over the state. To date, fishers have reported data on over 19,000 fishing trips and more than 450 different fish and invertebrate (crustaceans and molluscs) species.

Fishers participating …

The Mayfly Newsletter, Donna Giberson

The Mayfly Newsletter

The Mayfly Newsletter is the official newsletter of the Permanent Committee of the International Conferences on Ephemeroptera.

Informing Management Of American Shad (Alosa Sapidissima) In The Carolinas: Evaluating Novel Fish Passage Approaches And Acoustic Tracking Methods, Margaret Gaither

All Theses

Acoustic telemetry is a valuable tool for fisheries scientists to study the movements and migratory behaviors of aquatic organisms. A critical assumption of this method is that tagged fish exhibit similar behaviors and survival rates as their untagged counterparts. To investigate this, we conducted a 12-week laboratory study on adult American Shad (Alosa sapidissima) using gastroesophageal insertion of acoustic transmitters. We implanted 80 fish with dummy transmitters and monitored tag retention and survival. Our analysis, employing a mixed effects Cox’s proportional hazards model, revealed no significant differences in survival between tagged and control fish, regardless of sex. Additionally, …

Lateral Dispersal Of Adult Trichoptera: Flight Distance And Traveling Pattern, Peilin Tan

All Theses

Trichoptera species (caddisfly) are usually used as bio-indictors for surface water quality due to their sensitivity to environmental changes, and if assessing water quality with light-trapped adults, knowing their travelling patterns will improve the accuracy of such assessments. To investigate how far a caddisfly will migrate from their emerging stream, three streams in South Carolina with different widths (Wildcat Creek 1.2 m, Brasstown Creek 11.2 m and Chattooga River 26.95 m) were selected for this study with light traps placed at three distances (0 m, 50 m, 100 m) from the streams. How long and when? Both species richness and …

Supplementation Of Commercial Probiotic Lactobacillus Casei In Rearing Early-Stage Silver Therapon (Leiopotherapon Plumbeus) Larvae: Effects On Growth, Body Composition, And Stress Tolerance, Frolan A. Aya, Reylan C. Gutierrez, Mark Joseph Reyes, Luis Maria B. Garcia

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Supplementation of probiotics in live feeds and rearing water may improve the growth, survival, and resistance of fish larvae. This study examined the beneficial effect of a commercial probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus casei on the growth, body composition, and stress resistance in early-stage silver therapon (Leiopotherapon plumbeus) larvae. Larvae at 12 d post-hatch (DPH) (9.76 ± 1.32 mm total length [TL] and 13.48 ± 4.80 mg body weight [BW]) were reared in triplicate groups of 15 larvae per tank from 12 – 40 DPH (Phase 1) and 41 – 96 DPH (Phase 2). From 12 – 40 DPH, larvae were fed …

Biosense: An Automated Sensing Node For Organismal And Environmental Biology, Andrea Contina, Eric Abelson, Brendan Allison, Brian Stokes, Kenedy F. Sanchez, Henry M. Hernandez, Anna M. Kepple, Quynhmai Tran, Isabella Kazen

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences Faculty Publications

Automated remote sensing has revolutionized the fields of wildlife ecology and environmental science. Yet, a cost-effective and flexible approach for large scale monitoring has not been fully developed, resulting in a limited collection of high-resolution data. Here, we describe BioSense, a low-cost and fully programmable automated sensing platform for applications in bioacoustics and environmental studies. Our design offers customization and flexibility to address a broad array of research goals and field conditions. Each BioSense is programmed through an integrated Raspberry Pi computer board and designed to collect and analyze avian vocalizations while simultaneously collecting temperature, humidity, and soil moisture data. …

The Bacterial Cell Wall Components Lipopolysaccharide And Peptidoglycan Initiate Divergent Local Tissue And Systemic Inflammatory Response Profiles In The Chicken Model, Kristen A. Byrne, Gisela F. Erf

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

The innate immune system plays an important role in the early defense against pathogens. To better understand the chicken’s innate inflammatory responses, we concurrently examined the cellular responses at the injection site and in the blood following intradermal (i.d.) injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or peptidoglycan (PGN) into the pulp of growing feathers (GFs). Both LPS from Gram-negative bacteria and PGN from Gram-positive bacteria are potent stimulators of innate inflammatory responses. The time-course study conducted revealed similarly elevated levels of heterophils and macrophages in injected GF-pulps during the first 24 h for both LPS and PGN. However, PGN also stimulated rapid …

In Ovo Administration Of L. Animalis, B. Licheniformis, , Or Their Combination Influences Ross 708 Broiler Chick Hatch Performance And Immuno-Physiological Parameters, C. N. Beck, K.G.S. Wamsley, C. D. Mcdaniel, A. S. Kiess

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

There is a demand for novel pathogen mitigation strategies in antibiotic-free poultry production, which has triggered the development of various probiotic application methods. One application method is the in ovo (in egg) administration of probiotics on incubation day (d) 18, where the unhatched chick consumes a probiotic before hatch and prior to being exposed to environmental pathogens. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of in ovo L. animalis, B. licheniformis, or L. animalis + B. licheniformis (10⁶ cfu/50 mL L each) administration on hatch performance (N = 21 egg flats/treatment, 30 …

Recreational Fishing For Western Rock Lobster: Estimates Of Participation, Effort And Catch In 2023/24, Claire B. Smallwood, Karina L. Ryan, Alissa C. Tate

Fisheries Research Reports

The Western Rock Lobster (WRL) (Panulirus cygnus) is the most commonly caught Rock Lobster (RL) species in Western Australia. Catches from the commercial and recreational sectors are required to determine and monitor Total Allowable Commercial Catch (TACC), Total Allowable Recreational Catch (TARC) and the proportion of Allowable Harvest Level (AHL) achieved. The TARC is set at 5% of the AHL and evaluated in the harvest strategy based on a 5-year average.

Data for the recreational sector are obtained using phone-recall surveys to provide annual estimates of participation, fishing effort and retained catch (by numbers) from recreational fishers who hold a …

Investigating Nekton Response To Changing Salinities In The Mississippi Sound: An Experimental And Statistical Approach, Adam Murray

Master's Theses

The Mississippi Sound provides nursery habitats for many coastal species and is recognized for its commercial fisheries. Previous freshening events linked to the Bonnet Carré Spillway, a Mississippi River flood diversion structure, proved catastrophic for oyster populations in the Mississippi Sound, but effects on mobile fish and shellfish species are not well-defined. The planned Mid-Breton Sediment Diversion (MBSD), an initiative to combat wetland loss, is also forecasted to lower salinities in the region, increasing the need to better understand responses of commercially and ecologically important species to freshening events. The objective of this study was to characterize effects of salinity …