Animal Sciences Commons^™

Optimizing Poultry Production And Enhancing Egg Nutrient Composition Through Kelp Supplementation In Laying Hens, Meghan Clifford

Open Access Dissertations

The development of sustainable feed supplements is a crucial component in addressing the current global need for resilient and environmentally responsible food systems. This dissertation has explored the potential of brown algae (Saccharina latissima) as a sustainable feed supplement for poultry with the potential to benefit production efficiency, product quality, and the global food supply. With both controlled feeding trials and a producer-based survey, the work in this dissertation investigates the nutritional, biological and practical implications of adopting kelp into poultry diets.

Chapter one provides a comprehensive overview of the current literature surrounding the use of marine sources …

In Vitro Screening Of 12 Strains Of Birdsfoot Trefoil (Lotus Corniculatus) Against Haemonchus Contortus, Isabella Caldwell, Elizabeth Kass, Rebecca Brown, Katherine Harper Petersson

Senior Honors Projects

Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN), primarily Haemonchus contortus, are one of the leading causes of death in sheep and goats. As resistance to commercial dewormers continues to rise, alternative strategies for GIN parasite control are needed. Preliminary studies have demonstrated that secondary plant compounds in birdsfoot trefoil (BFT, Lotus corniculatus) possess antiparasitic activity against GIN. In this study, the antiparasitic effect of twelve strains of BFT on the hatching of H. contortus eggs and motility of larvae was determined. BFT strains were harvested in June of 2020 and hay-dried. H. contortus eggs were recovered from mono-infected Dorset yearlings by running fresh …

Particle Tracking Reveals Pelagic Red Crabs As Indicators Of Climate-Driven Range Expansion In The California Current, Elizabeth Saraf

Senior Honors Projects

Since their first recorded occurrence in 1859, Pelagic Red Crabs (PRC; Pleuroncodes planipes) have experienced increased frequency of episodic mass stranding events in the Eastern Pacific Ocean. PRC’s are transported over 1,000 km northward of their central domain from the coast of central Baja California, Mexico. They have been reported by the thousands on the beaches of central and southern California. Their presence influences the surrounding ecosystem and commercial fisheries because they are nutritional prey items and large predators change their diet to incorporate PRC’s when they are available. Seasonal coastal currents and the California Undercurrent transport warmer waters …

Zoo And Aquarium Animal Welfare, Michael Cerbo

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Wildlife Conservation And Hunting Nrs 455, Michael Cerbo

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No abstract provided.

Food Justice Saf 383, Michael Cerbo

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Constructing A Series Of Informative Videos And Building Social Media Platforms For Save One Soul Animal Rescue League, Cassandra Munroe

Senior Honors Projects

Approximately six million animals enter shelters each year. Of those six million animals, about two million are killed each year. Due to the lack of spaying and neutering and overcrowding, especially in the southern states of the U.S., the population of animals in high-kill shelters is alarming. Save One Soul Animal Rescue League (SOSARL) is a volunteer-driven non-profit dog rescue founded and based in Rhode Island. The mission of SOSARL is to permanently rehome homeless, neglected, abandoned, and at-risk dogs. The majority of the dogs rehomed by SOSARL are transported from overcrowded high-kill shelters in the Southern U.S. or from …

Calf Heath And Oxidative Stress, Samantha Cardin

Senior Honors Projects

In recent years, beef cattle operations such as farms and ranches in the U.S. have surpassed 900,000 and have been steadily increasing. With this rise in the beef industry, comes a greater concern for calf health since it has huge impacts on production and viability. There are multiple different factors that can affect calf health ranging from the intrauterine environment to conditions early on post parturition. An improper maternal environment during pregnancy can impact fetal growth because it can decrease the amount of nutrients reaching the calf. This can lead to low birth weights and undeveloped organ systems. Additionally, if …

Online Graduate Certificate In Fisheries Science, Joanna Burkhardt

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Zoo Animal Management Avs 327, Michael Cerbo

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No abstract provided.

Marine Plastic Pollution Afs 488g, Michael Cerbo

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Marine Plastic Pollution Afs 488x, Michael Cerbo

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No abstract provided.

Refinement Of An In Vivo Exsheathment Assay Of Haemonchus Contortus In Ruminally Fistulated Ewes, Madison Parks

Senior Honors Projects

My honors project examined one aspect of an overarching research project currently happening here at the University of Rhode Island studying the parasite Haemonchus contortus. This project focused on revising the current working assay for in vivo exsheathment of the parasite in cannulated ewes in order to find more cost effective materials and shorten the length of time the assay takes to complete. Haemonchus contortus, commonly known as the barber pole worm, inhabits the digestive tract of sheep and goats. It feeds on the blood in the abomasum, a chamber of the ruminant stomach, and causes anemia and sometimes death …

The Development Of A Fecal Glucocorticoid Metabolite Assay To Assess Stress In Captive Breeding Populations Of New England Cottontail Rabbits, Kianna Lee Taylor

Senior Honors Projects

The topic for this research project was based on the problem of the diminishing population of the wild New England Cottontail rabbits. Over the last 50 years, the population of these once very common rabbits has decreased to only inhabit New England and parts of New York (1). This is less than one-fifth of the geographic range they once inhabited (1). Roger Williams Park Zoo currently has a New England Cottontail breeding program that has experienced limited success, which may be caused by the domestic environment into which this wild species is being introduced. The central objective of this study …

Fish And Wildlife Conservation For Educators Nrs 580, Michael Cerbo

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Livestock Judging And Evaluation Avs 250, Michael Cerbo

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Environmental Enrichment On Behavior In A Domestic Goat Herd, Stephanie Peramas

Senior Honors Projects

Animal welfare is one of the most important parts of animal management. Apart from other measures of good animal welfare, like being in good health, animal behavior can be indicative of the animal’s internal state and is often one of the first signs of improper welfare. Stereotypies, or stereotypic behavior, are commonly viewed as a symptom of improper animal welfare. Unenriched, or barren, environments associated with farmed livestock have long been associated with inducing stereotypic behavior. The addition of precise enrichment to the animals’ environment is a common remedy for stereotypic behavior. With respect to stereotypic goat behavior, few empirical …

Veterinary Training Practice In Pinnipeds, Samantha Hatfield

Senior Honors Projects

Little research has been conducted in determining how to train a Northern Fur Sea Lion (Callorhinus ursinus) for veterinary husbandry care procedures. There is no clear path or instruction manual on how to complete a veterinary examination on a Fur Sea Lion, or any marine mammal for that matter, since every animal behaves and reacts differently. Animal behavior (ethology) is an ongoing field of study that focuses on the natural interactions between these species with each other, other living organisms (including humans), and their environment. The purpose of this research is to establish a guideline on how to begin training …

Advanced Methods In Applied Animal Behavior Avs 443, Michael Cerbo

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Biology Of Bees And Pollination Ecology Ent 388, Michael Cerbo

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No abstract provided.

Food Systems, Sustainability And Health Afs 404, Michael Cerbo

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Fisheries Science Afs 215, Michael Cerbo

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No abstract provided.

Zoo Animal Management Avs 327x, Michael Cerbo

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No abstract provided.

Equine Management Avs 326/326x, Michael Cerbo

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No abstract provided.

Physiology And Behavior Of Marine Mammals Avs 442x, Michael Cerbo

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management Afs/Ocg 560x, Michael Cerbo

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No abstract provided.

Epigenetic Regulation Of Gene Expression During Spermatogenesis, Karishma Nayak

Senior Honors Projects

In the US livestock production industry, improving reproductive efficiency will improve animal welfare and maintain reasonable costs of meat and milk for consumers. In recent research, abnormalities in epigenetic markers in sperm during spermatogenesis, has been linked to male subfertility in many species. Epigenetics is the study of changes in organisms caused by modifications of gene expression, including DNA methylation, rather than alteration of the genetic code itself. When this process is disturbed, it can negatively impact semen therefore decreasing its fertility. Through further research on how DNA methylation influences gene expression during spermatogenesis and its impact on sperm quality, …

Combating Infectious Diseases In Aquaculture With An Original Probiotic Product, Meagan Hamblin, Saebom Sohn, Christine Ahn Dao, Marta Gomez-Chiarri, David R. Nelson, David Worthen, David Rowley

Senior Honors Projects

Oyster production in Rhode Island accounts for over $2.5 million in annual revenue, making it the top aquaculture product in the state. However, larval tank infections significantly constrain production and create substantial economic losses for commercial hatcheries. In most cases antibiotics may not be used to prevent or treat larval tank infections. A probiotic, or beneficial microbe which competes with pathogens, is a safer and “green” approach to preventing infections. Vibriosis, a common cause of oyster larval mortality, is the result of Vibrio species infections. Previous studies have shown that a native Rhode Island microbe, Bacillus pumilus RI06-95, protects oyster …

A Survey Of Horse Training In New England, Shelby C. Ashworth, W. Michael Sullivan

Senior Honors Projects

New England no longer has a significant horse training industry. It has many small operations with no obvious and overlapping training philosophies or practices. Show and competition programs are intense and competitive at regional, national and even international levels leading to the observation that techniques employed are equally strategic and tediously designed in order to encourage the exemplary results in the show ring. This study aimed to examine the methods, routines, and strategies that are used by top tier trainers in the New England region of the United States. This information was collected both in survey form and in interview …

Examination Of Polymorphism In The Serine Proteinase Inhibitor Gene In The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica., Aine Lehane

Senior Honors Projects

Oysters are a keystone species; they are filter-feeders and reef-builders. Additionally, oysters are extremely important within the shellfish aquaculture industry; they are the second most widely produced species in world aquaculture production. Eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica, are produced in aquaculture and are unfortunately susceptible to Dermo disease. Dermo is caused by a protozoan parasite, Perkinsus marinus, and infection is often fatal in oysters due to widespread tissue damage and blockage of blood vessels. Research in oyster disease is particularly needed because disease is one of the largest impediments faced by the aquaculture industry as entire oyster populations can …