Agriculture Commons^™

Cultivating Agriculture - Cultivando Agricultura: Content Creator, Sophia L. Garcia

Agricultural Education: Graduate Internship Reports

Agriculture is rooted in culture, yet we rarely discuss the people who drive the industry today. Many voices have yet to share their stories of influencing or making a difference in the agriculture industry. As a result, the idea of a podcast arose as a free, convenient, and accessible way for everyone to hear and communicate stories. During the project, my co-host, Daniela Ramos, and I will work together to address this issue. To diversify and separate the workload, we will each host three episodes individually. As part of my role, I will also be responsible for marketing, including creating …

Fabrication Of A Low-Cost Drum Seeder For Paddy, Muhammad Rashed Al Mamun, Md Rejaul Karim, Md Towfiqur Rahman, Md Janibul Alam Soeb, Md Imranul Alam

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Rice is a staple food crop. Bangladesh produces it extensively which raised the nation into the fourth-largest rice-grower in the world. Transplanting or direct seeding is a major task in rice cultivation where the manual transplanting method requires a huge labor cost which is beyond control in a peak season. Although mechanical rice transplanters become popularization land preparation and seedling rising as a pre transplanting task is costly and labor-intensive. On the other hand, manual broadcasting and machine seeding direct method still exist due to the above method’s problem. Considering spacing accuracies for intercultural operation, drum seeders are an easy …

Geographic Distribution: Smilisca Baudinii (Mexican Treefrog). Usa: Florida: Escambia Co., Louis A. Somma, Justin K. Anto, Jakira A. Davis

Papers in Herpetology

Geographic distribution note for Smilisca baudinii, the Mexican treefrog, from Escambia County, Florida, United States.

Manage Crop Weeds At Harvest, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Grains and other field crops factsheets

This management strategy provides an opportunity to control weed seed set in the pasture and during harvest. The strategy physically removes viable seed from the paddock by collecting weed seed and grazing crop residues.

Weed seed removal at harvest can be achieved in 2 ways:

1. collecting weed seeds from the system to prevent them being spread across the paddock or farm

2. grazing weed contaminated crop residue and pastures.

Herbicide Application, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Grains and other field crops factsheets

Herbicides can be applied by a variety of means, including boom sprayers, aerial spraying, misters, blanket wipers, rope wick applicators, weed seekers and back-pack sprayers. This fact sheet reviews the different methods, including nozzles and calibration of equipment, used to apply herbicides.

The Most Outstanding—Recognizing Achievements Through Ashs Publication Awards: A Brief History Of Publications And An Introduction To Publication Awards, Curt R. Rom

Horticulture Faculty Publications and Presentations

The American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS) has since its inception published annual serial monographs or journals to achieve its mission of communicating horticultural science. To recognize the accomplishments of the membership, a series of professional awards was created. After the individual awards, the ASHS created publication awards. This paper, and the papers that follow, document the publication awards of the ASHS. The papers were based on presentations at the 2023 annual conference and serve as additional recognition of the contributions of member authors and as a historical record of achievements of the ASHS.

The Effect Of Probiotic Supplementation On Serum Metabolite Concentrations In Young Holstein Heifers, Emily G. Meissner

Master's Theses

The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effect of a multi-strain probiotic on serum concentrations of selected metabolites in young calves. Holstein heifers (n = 112) from a commercial dairy were enrolled within 48 h of birth and placed into individual hutches. Calves were weaned at 60 d of age and remained in their hutches until 90 d of age, when they were moved to group housing. Calves were placed into 2 treatment groups: 1) control and 2) B. subtilis, B. lichenformis, L. animalis, and P. freudenreichii probiotic (Bovamine Dairy Plus, Chr. Hansen, Milwaukee, WI). Control calves received …

Aspen As Firebreaks At The Development Fringe, Kevin Krasnow, Paul C. Rogers

Aspen Bibliography

Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) forests are widely known and prized for their numerous values—biodiversity, habitat, forage, recreation, aesthetics, and others—including as a deterrent to wildfire. This reputation for stopping or slowing flames is explored here, alongside measures that may be taken to facilitate thriving aspen communities near human developments. It is clear that science supporting the premise of aspen as an effective firebreak is far from complete. Yet, how can we benefit from what we do know on this topic to increase the probability of preventing structural fire damage, while also encouraging the valued characteristics of aspen ecosystems?

Climate Considerations For Quaking Aspen Conservation, Douglas Shinneman, Susan Mcilroy, Paul C. Rogers

Aspen Bibliography

Human-caused climate change alters ecosystem processes ranging from local to global scales. As a consequence of climate change we should expect increased rates and intensities of disturbance events. Though we are only beginning to understand what those impacts might be to aspen forests and their diverse plant and animal assemblages, recent science suggests there may be unavoidable effects. In the face of anticipated climate-ecosystem challenges, contemporary managers are searching for guidance on preserving aspen resilience. We suggest crafting strategic yet cautious approaches to minimize effects and facilitate broad resilience. For instance, monitoring conditions in and near aspen forests will help …

Development Of Active Packaging Films Using Cacao (Theobroma Cacao L.) Pods And Calamondin (Citrus X Microcarpa Bunge) Peels, Julienne Stephanie Fabie-Agapin, Dennis Rojas Marcelino

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

This paper presents the properties of active films produced using cacao pods and calamondin peels. An active film is a type of packaging material that is made by incorporating the “active” ingredients for preservation on the packaging film rather than a direct application to foods. In this study, the conversion to active films was done by adding essential oils from lemongrass or calamondin peels, which are both known to exhibit antimicrobial properties. There were five film samples prepared for analysis: cacao-calamondin mixture; cacao-calamondin mixture with lemongrass essential oil; cacao-calamondin mixture with calamondin essential oil; cacao-calamondin mixture with encapsulated lemongrass essential …

Provisioning The 21st Century City: Community And School Gardens As Food Centers, Charleen L. Kepner

Anthós

This essay explores the potential impact of urban agriculture and community gardens as sources of education and sustainable and environmentally-sound food production. Using an analysis of case studies and academic research, I argue for the viability of community gardens and urban agriculture as educational hubs and future food production sources. I examine previous research which shows that small scale effort can make lasting impacts in communities. I argue that the research is promising as it highlights that the efforts of people in their everyday lives, can and do contribute to positive change. This essay contributes to the ongoing discussion of …

Aged 539 - Graduate Internship, Braidyn R. Cossa

Agricultural Education: Graduate Internship Reports

This report reflects on the Cal Poly Rodeo Program's alignment with the National Standards for Sport Coaches, showcasing a comprehensive approach to athlete development across multiple critical domains. Emphasizing a well-defined coaching philosophy, the program promotes sportsmanship, ethical behavior, and academic success. Personalized coaching addresses the developmental stages of athletes, ensuring a balance between their academic and athletic roles. The program employs effective teaching methods, clear communication, and constructive feedback to foster a positive environment and build strong coach-athlete relationships based on mutual respect and trust.

The coaches possess deep knowledge of rodeo skills and strategies, utilizing psychological techniques to …

Short-Term Response Of Soil Microbial Community And Soil Bio-Chemical Properties To Soybean Intercropping In A Cassava-Based Cropping System, Nolissa Organo, John Lester Pide, Michelle Anne Calubaquib, Elmer Enicola, Evelyn Delfin, Vanessa Calderon, Raymund Antiola, Hosne Dilzahan, Andre Cruz

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

A cassava-based cropping system study assessed the short-term response of soil chemical and biochemical properties and soil microbial communities to soybean intercropping. Two soybean varieties (‘Select Manchuria’ and ‘Tiwala 12’) were tested as intercrops. The treatments did not affect the soil’s chemical (pH, OM, N, P, K) and biochemical (basal respiration and dehydrogenase and urease enzyme activities) properties after one cropping period. Amplicon sequencing analysis found that intercropping promoted the abundance of bacterial orders Actinomycetales, Solibacterales, Sphingomonadales, and Rhodospirillales. These groups play active roles in organic matter decomposition and can potentially improve the soil quality in an area by enhancing …

Grazing Annual Pastures – Using Feed On Offer (Foo) As A Guide, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Animal production and livestock factsheets

Grazing management in winter and spring in South West Western Australia (SW WA) can manipulate the quality, quantity and composition of pasture. These pasture changes can increase livestock feed efficiency and productivity, reduce insect populations and improve pasture persistence. Seasonal grazing based on feed on offer (FOO) is described here to maximise stocking rate and pasture production.

The Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development recommends using feed measurements and feed budgeting to increase productivity and reduce livestock health risks.

Boosting Winter Pasture Growth, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Grains and other field crops factsheets

Applying gibberellic acid or nitrogen fertiliser to pasture in winter can increase dry matter production of grasses and broadleaf weeds and help reduce feed shortages in winter.

Reduce Crop Weed Seed Numbers In The Soil, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Grains and other field crops factsheets

There are various methods of weed control in the pre-sowing phase, including removing weed seed numbers in the soil, fallow, stubble, and by various methods. This factsheet covers some of the methods, including:

• Burning crop residues to reduce the surface seed bank of many weeds

• Encouraging insect predation of seed

• Inversion ploughing to bury weed seeds at a depth they can’t germinate

• Autumn tickle to encourage earlier germination of weed seeds for destruction using a knockdown herbicide

• Delaying sowing to allow greater germination of weed seeds for destruction using a knockdown herbicide or cultivation, prior …

Implementation And Efficiency Of Electric Motors In Lygus Bug Vacuums For Strawberries, Adam J. Rantz

Master's Theses

Further automation of the agricultural industry and an increase in organic fruit production are needed to address labor shortage and increased demand. The move to an autonomous bug vacuum is easier if the equipment is electric, and not powered by a tractor’s PTO (power take-off) shaft. The main objective of this project was to design a set of lygus bug vacuums to go on a robot that meets industry standards while using electric power instead of hydraulic. The frame of the vacuum was designed using the industry standard. While hydraulic systems have been a very effective power source for vacuums …

Summaries Of Arkansas Cotton Research 2023, Fred Bourland

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

With current production costs and cotton prices, either record or near-record yields are needed for profitable cotton production in Arkansas. As usual, price volatility in 2023 added another level of difficulty in the quest for being profitable. Cotton futures traded between 80 and 90 cents per pound in 2023, with brief times below 80 cents and above 90 cents. In April, cotton futures dropped below 80 cents per pound, the lowest level in almost four months. This was due to an increase in certificated stocks, declining demand, and a growing world carryover. The average cotton price received by U.S. growers …

Twenty-Five Years Of Award-Winning Education Publication Excellence In Ashs Journals, Curt R. Rom

Horticulture Faculty Publications and Presentations

The American Society for Horticultural Science Education Publication Excellence award was established in 1997 to recognize the most outstanding publication in ASHS journals related to education and teaching. This article reviews the award history, authors, and topics of the awarded papers. The award was recognized annually from 1998 to 2023 except for 3 years when no award was given. The majority of awarded papers were published in HortTechnology. Awards were presented to 70 authors from 23 institutions in 20 states and two other countries. Of the awarded papers, three had single authors, and 20 had multiple authors. Several awarded authors …

Titration Of Dietary Histidine During A 22-To 42-Day Feeding Phase Following A 0-To 21-Day Feeding Phase With Variable Dietary Histidine Concentrations In Female Cobb 500 Broilers, Kenneth B. Nelson, Matheus F. Costa, Savannah C. Wells-Crofton, Shivaram K. Rao, Garrett J. Mullenix, Craig W. Maynard, Michael T. Kidd

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Further reductions of crude protein in broiler diets may cause essential amino acids traditionally considered to be supplied at adequate levels to become limiting. Requirement data for histidine are currently scarce and this amino acid is uniquely able to be stored within the body. Thus, the objectives of this study were to evaluate female Cobb 500 broiler growth performance and carcass characteristic responsiveness to increasing digestible histidine to digestible lysine ratios (dHis:dLys) during a 22- to 42-day feeding period and determine if dHis:dLys in preceding feeds influence the former responses. Starter diets were formulated to contain dHis:dLys of 33% or …

Applied Research Note: Microbial Composition Of The Biofilm Of Poultry Drinking Water System, T. T. Ogundipe, S. Beitia, T. Obe

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Ensuring good water quality is one of the key management strategies to promote optimal broiler health and performance. A few studies have assessed the microbial status of drinking water for poultry, but there is insufficient information on biofilm in the drinking water lines within the poultry housing facilities. The buildup of microbes in the drinking water system could potentially result in biofilm formation which eventually deteriorates water quality. Hence, in this preliminary study, we sought to evaluate biofilm formation in the drinking water lines of selected broiler houses and characterize their microbial composition. Three random houses in each of 5 …

Assessing The Impact Of Spirulina Platensis And Organic Trace Minerals On The Incidence Of Bacterial Chondronecrosis With Osteomyelitis Lameness In Broilers Using An Aerosol Transmission Model, Andi Asnayanti, Amer Hasan, Khawla Alharbi, Intisar Abdullah Hassan, Walter Bottje, Samuel J. Rochell, Marco A. Rebollo, Michael T. Kidd, Adnan A.K. Alrubaye

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Spirulina platensis is an emerging poultry diet source due to its essential nutrition and bioactive ingredients. Spirulina microalgae confers beneficial effects on broiler's growth performance, immune response, and antioxidant activity. We investigated the effect of Spirulina platensis on BCO lameness, one of the most driving factors for economic and animal well-being concerns in the poultry industry. Additionally, supplementation of Availa ZMC containing organic trace minerals – zinc, manganese, and copper – was shown to alleviate lameness by 20 to 25%. We hypothesized that pairing microalgae and organic trace minerals might confer a synergistic effect in reducing BCO. A 2 × …

Agricultural Groundcover Update May 2024, Justin Laycock

Natural resources published reports

• In May, over 9% (1,410,000 ha) of the arable farmland in the south-west of Western Australia had less than 50% vegetative groundcover, which is inadequate to prevent wind erosion.
• Northern grainbelt had the highest risk of wind erosion and over 26% of this farmland had inadequate groundcover, predominantly found on landscapes known for sandy soils.
• About 1.3% (208,900 ha) of arable land had a high to very high risk of wind erosion because groundcover was less than 30%. Half of this land was in the West Midlands Ag Soil Zone.

Agricultural Groundcover Update April 2024, Justin Laycock

Natural resources published reports

• In April, over 12% (1,876,000 ha) of the arable farmland in the south-west of Western Australia had less than 50% vegetative groundcover, which is inadequate to prevent wind erosion.
• Northern grainbelt had the highest risk of wind erosion and over 26% of this farmland had inadequate groundcover, predominantly found on landscapes known for sandy soils.
• About 1.5% (238,900 ha) of arable land had a high to very high risk of wind erosion because groundcover was less than 30%.

Identifying Dietary Timing Of Organic Trace Minerals To Reduce The Incidence Of Osteomyelitis Lameness In Broiler Chickens Using The Aerosol Transmission Model, Khawla Alharbi, Andi Asnayanti, Anh Dang Trieu Do, Ruvindu Perera, Layla Al-Mitib, Abdulkarim Shwani, Marco A. Rebollo, Michael T. Kidd, Adnan Ali Khalaf Alrubaye

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Our prior research demonstrated a 20% to 25% reduction in bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO) lameness in broilers with organic Zn, Mn, and Cu (Availa^® ZMC) supplementation. Expanding on this, we investigated the optimal timing for Availa^® ZMC feeding to mitigate BCO lameness and reduce feed additive costs in the poultry industry. In this study, we compared the application of 0.15% Availa^® ZMC for 56 days, the first 28 days, and the last 28 days. The experimental design was a randomized block design involving 1560 one-day-old chicks distributed across two wire-floor pens as BCO source infection and …

Applied Research Note: Microbial Composition Of The Biofilm Of Poultry Drinking Water System, T. T. Ogundipe, S. Beitia, T. Obe

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Ensuring good water quality is one of the key management strategies to promote optimal broiler health and performance. A few studies have assessed the microbial status of drinking water for poultry, but there is insufficient information on biofilm in the drinking water lines within the poultry housing facilities. The buildup of microbes in the drinking water system could potentially result in biofilm formation which eventually deteriorates water quality. Hence, in this preliminary study, we sought to evaluate biofilm formation in the drinking water lines of selected broiler houses and characterize their microbial composition. Three random houses in each of 5 …

Agronomic And Economic Productivity Of Summer Annual Forage Systems Under Different Poultry Litter Application Methods, Ivanelle Meyer, Michael P. Popp, Christine C. Nieman, Amanda J. Ashworth, Phillip R. Owens

Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Faculty Publications and Presentations

Poultry litter (litter) is a nutrient dense fertilizer that increases nutritive value and yield in pastures in the mid-southern US. Nutrient losses due to runoff and nitrogen volatilization are common when broadcasting litter. As such, incorporating litter below the soil surface (subsurface) was evaluated in comparison to broadcasting in 2021 and 2022 by quantifying yield and nutritive value of annual forages. The study was a randomized complete block design with three forage treatments—sorghum-sudangrass only (Sorghum bicolor L.), cowpea only (Vigna unguiculata L.), and their mixture, and three litter application methods (broadcast, subsurface, and a no litter control). Litter …

Soil Profile Distribution Of Nutrients In Contrasting Soils Amended With Struvite And Other Conventional Phosphorus Fertilizers, Tatum Simms, Kristofor R. Brye, Trenton L. Roberts, Lauren F. Greenlee

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Phosphorus (P) can be recovered from wastewater and used as an alternative fertilizer, namely, struvite [MgNH₄PO₄·6(H₂O)]. However, the soil mobility of wastewater-derived P and other nutrients needs to be evaluated. The objective of this study was to compare the vertical distribution of water-soluble (WS) soil P and other nutrients from a synthetic-wastewater-derived electrochemically precipitated struvite (ECST) to that from a chemically precipitated struvite (CPST), triple superphosphate (TSP), monoammonium phosphate (MAP), and a control in six soils from Arkansas (AR; loam [L] and silt loam [SiL]), Missouri (MO; SiL 1 and SiL 2), and Nebraska …

A Review Of The Interaction Between Potassium Nutrition And Plant Disease Control, C. C. Ortel, T. L. Roberts, J. C. Rupe

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Potassium (K) is an essential macronutrient involved in many physiological and biochemical functions that affect a plant's susceptibility to disease. These processes include stomatal regulation, enzyme activation, and solute transport, each of which is often discussed through the lens of either plant nutrition or plant disease control. However, the interaction between these stresses and the resulting physiological and agronomic impact is an important consideration when managing a cropping system as a whole and is scarcely addressed in the literature. Therefore, a review of the literature was focused on the interaction of K nutrition and the resulting impact on plant disease …

Weed Control And Rice Response To Microencapsulated Acetochlor And A Fenclorim Seed Treatment On A Clay Soil, Tristen H. Avent, Jason K. Norsworthy

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Recent research has demonstrated the ability of a fenclorim seed treatment to reduce rice (Oryza sativa L.) injury to acetochlor. However, all studies were conducted on silt loam soils and have not evaluated rice tolerance or weed control on clay soils. Experiments were initiated in 2021 and 2022 at the Northeast Research and Extension Center near Keiser, AR, to determine rice response and the effectiveness of delayed-preemergence (DPRE)-applied microencapsulated (ME) acetochlor (1.1, 1.7, and 2.3 lb ai acre⁻¹) when applied to a clay soil with and without a fenclorim seed treatment at 0 or 2.5 lb ai …