Life Sciences Commons^™

Nebraska Winery And Grape Growers Forum And Trade Show, John Owens

John Owens: Speeches and Appearances

Good afternoon, everyone, and welcome to this 11th annual Nebraska Winery and Grape Growers Forum and Trade Show. I'm John Owens, University of Nebraska Vice President and Harlan Vice Chancellor of the Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources. I'm delighted to be with you on this second day of a very fine and informative conference.

Nebraska Urban Pest Management Conference, John Owens

John Owens: Speeches and Appearances

It is my very great pleasure to welcome each of you to this 16th Annual Nebraska Urban Pest Management Conference here in Lincoln. I'm John Owens, University of Nebraska Vice President and Harlan Vice Chancellor of the Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, and I am so glad to be here with you this morning. As an entomologist, this conference certainly is one for which I have great affinity and much interest.

Carl Albin Spader Leadership Luncheon, John Owens

John Owens: Speeches and Appearances

In the past two years you've had a number of opportunities to explore and strengthen your own, personal leadership abilities. You've also been able to observe and study the leadership styles of people working at the state, national, and international levels.

Casnr Salute To Graduates, John Owens

John Owens: Speeches and Appearances

We appreciate your being with us this afternoon as we celebrate the accomplishments of tomorrow's graduates from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Thank you for attending and, congratulations to the class of 2008! This ceremony has become both a fixture and a tradition in the College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. As a matter of fact, it took the national "First Place Award" in a 2006 competition that was open to all universities in the United States.

Louv Presentation, John Owens

John Owens: Speeches and Appearances

Good evening everyone, and welcome to this highly anticipated presentation by Richard Louv, author of "Last Child in the Woods: Saving our Children from Nature Deficit Disorder."

Master Conservationist Presentations 2008, John Owens

John Owens: Speeches and Appearances

Our first Master Conservationist award this evening goes to Curtis and Sandi Roth of Gordon, in the Panhandle, District A. Would Curtis and Sandi please come forward? When Roth decided to change his 2,030 dryland corn acres from a conventional to a no-till system in 1993, most of the information came from newsletters and magazines about experiences farther east. He began by adapting methods and equipment to the climate and soils of northwestern Nebraska. Today Curtis uses no till exclusively and follows a rotation of winter and spring wheat, sunflowers, corn, alfalfa, and millet. This no-till system has allowed Roth …

Ianr Research And Extension Centers And Their Associated Districts, John Owens

John Owens: Speeches and Appearances

It's a pleasure to have this opportunity to speak with you about the University’s four strategically placed Research and Extension Centers and their associated extension districts, all part of the Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

Krvn - Gudmundsen Field Day, John Owens

John Owens: Speeches and Appearances

John, the Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources has various locations throughout Nebraska for research and educational purposes. One such location is the Gudmundsen Sandhills Laboratory, which this past week was the site for the annual Youth Field Day.

Presentation Remarks: Gamma Sigma Delta Award Of Merit, John Owens

John Owens: Speeches and Appearances

I am really pleased to have this opportunity to present the 2008 Gamma Sigma Delta Award of Merit to Alan Baquet. Being here to say "Congratulations, Alan," is a special treat for me - and I do say, "Congratulations, Alan." You are very deserving of this honor.

Bullets For Casnr Faculty Meeting Remarks, John Owens

John Owens: Speeches and Appearances

No abstract provided.

National Science Foundation - 4-H Robotics Grant Announcement, John Owens

John Owens: Speeches and Appearances

Bullets for announcement of the nearly $2.5 million grant to 4-H from the National Science Foundation to take its robotics curriculum national.

Minimal Nutrition Intervention With High-Protein/Low-Carbohydrate And Low-Fat, Nutrient-Dense Food Supplement Improves Body Composition And Exercise Benefits In Overweight Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Christopher M. Lockwood, Jordan R. Moon, Sarah E. Tobkin, Ashley A. Walter, Abbie E. Smith, Vincent J. Dalbo, Joel T. Cramer, Jeffrey R. Stout

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: Exercise and high-protein/reduced-carbohydrate and -fat diets have each been shown separately, or in combination with an energy-restricted diet to improve body composition and health in sedentary, overweight (BMI > 25) adults. The current study, instead, examined the physiological response to 10 weeks of combined aerobic and resistance exercise (EX) versus exercise + minimal nutrition intervention designed to alter the macronutrient profile, in the absence of energy restriction, using a commercially available high-protein/low-carbohydrate and low-fat, nutrient-dense food supplement (EXFS); versus control (CON).

Methods: Thirty-eight previously sedentary, overweight subjects (female = 19; male = 19) were randomly assigned to either CON (n …

The Effect Of Beta-Alanine Supplementation On Neuromuscular Fatigue In Elderly (55–92 Years): A Double-Blind Randomized Study, Jeffrey R. Stout, B. Sue Graves, Abbie E. Smith, Michael J. Hartman, Joel T. Cramer, Travis W. Beck, Roger C. Harris

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: Ageing is associated with a significant reduction in skeletal muscle carnosine which has been linked with a reduction in the buffering capacity of muscle and in theory, may increase the rate of fatigue during exercise. Supplementing beta-alanine has been shown to significantly increase skeletal muscle carnosine. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to examine the effects of ninety days of beta-alanine supplementation on the physical working capacity at the fatigue threshold (PWC_FT) in elderly men and women.

Methods: Using a double-blind placebo controlled design, twenty-six men (n = 9) and women (n = 17) (age ± …

Presidential Address: Nothing Succeeds Like Excess, Steven A. Nadler

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

To the members of the American Society of Parasitologists, I offer my appreciation for the opportunity to serve as your president. When I was notified of my successful election as an officer, it brought to mind that famous remark by Adlai Stevenson who said, ‘‘In America, anybody can be president. That’s one of the risks you take.’’ So, what I initially perceived as somewhat of a risky venture, proved to be a more valuable and interesting experience than I anticipated. Let’s hope that my presidential address has a similar outcome.

Helminths Of Small Mammals (Chiroptera, Insectivora, Lagomorpha) From Mongolia With A Description Of A New Species Of Schizorchis (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae), David S. Tinnin, Scott Lyell Gardner, Sumiya Ganzorig

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Fifty-eight individuals belonging to 10 species of bats, insectivores, and pikas were examined for helminths from 4 collection sites in Mongolia in 1999. Two species of bats (Vespertilio murinus and Eptesicus gobiensis) were infected with a single species of trematode (Plagiorchis vespertilionis), which represents a new record for the country. One individual of E. gobiensis also harbored 1 unidentified filaroid nematode. The acanthocephalan Moniliformis moniliformis was found in the hedgehog Hemiechinus auritus. Cestodes in the genus Catenotaenia and the herein described Schizorchis mongoliensis n. sp. were recovered from pikas belonging to the species Ochotona alpina …

Cranial Deformation As The Cause Of Death For A Child From The Chillon River Valley, Peru, Shelia M.F. Medoncade Souza, Karl J. Reinhard, Andrea Lessa

Karl Reinhard Publications

Two small mummy bundles, found in a tomb at the Chillon River Valley, Lima Plains, Peru exist in the collections of the Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. They were donated to the collections at the beginning of the 20th century. A multidisciplinary team is now curating and studying them. CT scans confirmed both skeletons were of individuals less than one year old at death. One of the bundles is intact and will be preserved and displayed. The other one was partly decomposed and the authors received permission to unwrap it to analyze the bones in details. Mites and pollen …

Enterobius Vermicularis Ancient Dna In Pre-Columbian Human Populations, Alena Mayo Iniguez, Karl J. Reinhard, Luiz Fernando Ferreira, Adauto Araujo, Ana Carolina, Paulo Vincente

Karl Reinhard Publications

In prehistoric populations the paleoparasitological findings show an Enterobius vennicularis homogeneous distribution among North American hunter-gatherers intensified with the advent of agriculture. The same occurred in the transition from nomad hunter-gatherers to sedentary farmers in South America, although E. vermicularis infection encompasses only the ancient Andean peoples. Since molecular techniques are sensitive in detecting ancient DNA (aDNA), in this work we have performed a molecular paleoparasitological study of E. vermicularis. aDNA was recovered from North and South American coprolites (4110 BC-AD 900). Human (cox 2 and HVR) and pinworm (5S rRNA spacer) sequences were determined. The sequence analysis confirmed E. …

Pathoecology And The Future Of Coprolite Studies In Bioarchaeology, Karl J. Reinhard, Vaughn M. Bryant Jr.

Karl Reinhard Publications

Human coprolites currently provide an expanding array of information about the diet, health, and ecology of prehistoric people in the Southwest, but for many years coprolites were not recognized or preserved, or they were not considered important and thus were not saved (Bryant and Dean 2006). With the expansion of archaeological field work during the last half of the twentieth century archaeologists have increasingly explored the "complete" potentials of sites, including the collection and analysis of geomorphologic, botanical, and faunal data. In some ideal habitats (e.g., very dry or frozen) this includes exploring the scientific potential of human coprolite studies. …

A Child And His Fate: Tuberculosis, Perimortem Trauma And Mummification, Sheila M. M.De Souza, Karl J. Reinhard, Bernardo Tessarollo, Jose Fernando Cardona Zannier, Adauto Araujo

Karl Reinhard Publications

A male child, sitting, 7 years, circumferential deformation, skin marked by coiled fibers, nostril plugs, consistent with Aymara practices was CT scanned. Puppae in the skin suggest exposition of the body previous to the funeral. Dark brown color at the skin suggest blood perfusion. A broken area at the right frontal with the skin partially inside is suggestive of perimorten trauma. There were no bone debris inside the skull and the CT images show two confluent fractures defined by radiating lines extending beyond the missing bone surface. The right eyeball is projected out, the tongue is outside the mouth, the …

Pathoecology Of Two Ancestral Pueblo Villages, Karl Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

Pathoecology is the study of the biotic, abiotic, and cultural environments of disease (Martinson et al. 2003). A parasitic infection is the result of the pathoecological interaction of host behavior, parasite life cycle, the environment in which both life forms live, the nutritional status of the host, and host physiological responses to all of these factors. Parasites contribute to anemia in many ways. Some, such as hookworm, actually consume blood and cause iron loss through their activities. For other parasites, symptoms such as profuse diarrhea reduce intestinal absorption of nutrients. Others, such as certain fish tapeworms, actually compete for absorption …

Obituary: Terry Lamon Yates, 1950-2007., Robert J. Baker, David J. Schmidly, Joseph A. Cook, Jorge Salazar-Bravo, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

On December 11, 2007, the science of mammalogy lost one of its most valued and influential leaders. Terry Lamon Yates succumbed to complications of treatments for an aggressive form of brain cancer after a brief but courageous fight. He was born on March 17, 1950, in Mayfield, Kentucky, the older son of Ellen Wanda Byrd and William Hanley Yates. Terry’s only sibling was a brother, Johnny. He is survived by his wife Nancy Fennell Yates, his two sons, Brian Christopher and Michael Ryan, and daughter-in-law Laura Manchéno Macia.

Hybrid Zones, Genetic Isolation, And Systematics Of Pocket Gophers (Genus Geomys) In Nebraska., Hugh H. Genoways, Meredith J. Hamilton, Darin M. Bell, Ryan R. Chambers, Robert T. Bradley

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Pocket gophers of the genus Geomys are common inhabitants of many habitats throughout most of the state of Nebraska. Because the taxonomic history of Geomys has undergone numerous changes through the years, these pocket gophers have been the subjects of ongoing taxonomic and distributional studies and in more recent years genetic studies to understand relationships among populations. In order to gain deeper insight into the relationships among these taxa of Geomys, we intensively collected specimens from areas where chromosomal races were thought to form contact zones. Results from examination of genetic (chromosomes, mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene sequences, and nuclear interphotoreceptor …

Speciation Within Bonneted Bats (Genus Eumops): The Complexity Of Morphological, Mitochondrial, And Nuclear Data Sets In Systematics, Molly M. Mcdonough, Loren K. Ammerman, Robert M. Timm, Hugh H. Genoways, Peter A. Larsen, Robert J. Baker

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

We phylogenetically analyze 705 base pairs of the cytochrome-b gene and 351 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) bands from populations of the karyotypically variable Wagner’s bonneted bat, Eumops glaucinus, and the Florida bonneted bat, Eumops floridanus (Chiroptera: Molossidae). Three karyotypes have been documented across the range of E. glaucinus, and we report that the karyotype from Cuba is morphologically similar to that from Jamaica. A 4th karyotype is present in specimens from western Ecuador. Three distinct lineages are present in both the cytochrome-b and AFLP trees. One lineage is restricted to western Ecuador and exhibits cytochrome-b …

Characterization Of A Contact Zone Between Two Subspecies Of The Big Brown Bat (Eptesicus Fuscus) In Nebraska, Justin D. Hoffman, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Two subspecies of the big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus) are reported to occur in Nebraska. The eastern race, E. f. fuscus, is reportedly bigger and darker than its western counterpart E. f. pallidus. Where these 2 subspecies come in contact is the subject of debate. We used external, cranial, and colorimetric data to investigate geographic variation among populations of E. fuscus in Nebraska to determine the location of the zone of contact between E. f. fuscus and E. f. pallidus. We discovered significant variation in external, cranial, and colorimetric data, suggesting that E. fuscus is …

Simulations With Elaborated Worked Example Modeling: Beneficial Effects On Schema Acquisition, Debra K. Meier, Karl J. Reinhard, David O. Carter, David W. Brooks

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Worked examples have been effective in enhancing learning outcomes, especially with novice learners. Most of this research has been conducted in laboratory settings. This study examined the impact of embedding elaborated worked example modeling in a computer simulation practice activity on learning achievement among 39 undergraduate students within a classroom environment. The students from one introductory forensic science course were randomly assigned to one of two groups that worked through computer-based simulations containing worked example modeling conditions presented in varied order. The computer software administered the modeled simulations, prior knowledge test, pretest, posttests, and a second domain test. Findings from …

Neuroimaging Research Into Disorders Of Consciousness: Moral Imperative Or Ethical And Legal Failure, Stacey A. Tovino

Faculty Articles

In this article I explore the ethical and legal implications of enrolling individuals with disorders of consciousness (DOC) in neuroimaging research studies. Many scientists have strongly emphasized the need for additional neuroimaging research into DOC, characterizing the conduct of such studies as morally imperative. On the other hand, institutional review boards (IRBs) charged with approving research protocols, scientific journals deciding whether to publish study results, and federal agencies that disburse grant money have limited the conduct, publication, and funding of consciousness investigations based on ethical and legal concerns. Following a detailed examination of the risks and benefits of neuroimaging research …

Chemical Control Of Septoria Blight Of Parsley Caused By Septoria Petroselini, Fati̇h Mehmet Tok

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The effects of various fungicides on spore germination, mycelial growth, seed transmission, and infection by Septoria petroselini Desm., the causal agent of Septoria blight of parsley, were determined in this study. Eleven fungicides (azoxystrobin, benomyl, captan, copper oxychloride, kresoxim-methyl mancozeb, maneb, propineb, tebuconazole, thiram, and trifloxystrobin) were tested at various concentrations ranging from 0.025 to 50 mg l^{-1} in spore germination and mycelial growth assays. Tebuconazole was the most effective fungicide in all the experiments, with an EC_{50} value < 0.052 mg l^{-1}, followed by azoxystrobin, captan, and trifloxystrobin, with EC_{50} values of 0.053, 0.06, and 0.066 mg l^{-1}, respectively. Many of the fungicides were effective on spore germination in PDA medium at concentrations ranging from 0.052 mg l^{-1} (Tebuconazole) to 23.032 mg l^{-1} (copper oxychloride). Captan, mancozeb, maneb, and thiram were very effective at reducing spore germination, but were less effective at reducing mycelial growth, for which their EC_{50} values were up to 735-, 192-, 192-, and 191-fold higher, respectively. Seed transmission of Septoria blight of parsley was controlled by tebuconazole, benomyl, azoxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl, and captan, which had inhibition rates of up to 95%, 93%, 93%, and 66%, respectively. Azoxystrobin, benomyl, kresoxim-methyl, trifloxystrobin, and tebuconazole inhibited Septoria blight in vivo, but captan, mancozeb, and maneb were effective at reducing the number of lesions only when they were applied before inoculation. Copper oxychloride, the most extensively used fungicide for controlling Septoria blight by parsley growers, was surprisingly the least effective in all the experiments.

Production Potential Of A Natural Pasture Compared To A Wheat Pasture, Both Grazed By Lactating Goats Under Mediterranean Climate Conditions, Basri̇ Hakan Hakyemez, Ahmet Gökkuş, İsmai̇l Yaman Yurtman, Türker Savaş

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The aim of this study was to extend the grazing period using a wheat pasture that produced high quality forage, and to compare the productivity of natural and wheat pastures for grazing goats during a 3-year period (2003-2005) in a Mediterranean zone of Turkey. Twelve 3-4-year-old Saanen goats were allocated to each pasture (10 goats ha^{-1}). Pastures were grazed for 2 months (May and June) in 2003 and for 3 months (April, May, and June) in 2004 and 2005. In the study, pasture yield and hay intake, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) content …

Effect Of Different Planting Dates On Yield And Yield Components Of Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea L.), Öner Canavar, Mustafa Ali̇ Kaynak

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study was conducted in the experiment fields at the Field Crops Department of the Faculty of Agriculture at Adnan Menderes University in 2004-2005. The experiment was performed in a split-plot design with 3 replications. The goals of this study were to determine the appropriate planting date for peanut under the ecological conditions of Aydın and to investigate the effect of different planting dates on some agronomic traits, yield, and yield components of 3 commercial peanut cultivars (Gazipaşa, Florispan, and NC-7) and the local cultivar. It was determined that the planting date had a statistically significant effect on pod yield, …

Litter Mass Loss Rates In Deciduous And Coniferous Trees In Artvin, Northeast Turkey: Relationships With Litter Quality, Microclimate, And Soil Characteristics, Temel Sariyildiz, Mehmet Küçük

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Plant litter decomposition is controlled by both biotic and abiotic factors. It has been widely hypothesized that litter quality and climatic and soil conditions regulate decomposition. The present study examined the decomposition of native forest tree litter on 2 aspects (the north and the south) and at 3 altitudes (top, middle, and bottom) on each aspect in Artvin province to determine the influence of litter quality, microclimate, and soil characteristics on the rate of decomposition. A litter-bag experiment was performed using beech, oak, fir, and pine litter. The litter bags were placed on the north- and south-facing sites and at …