Life Sciences Commons^™

Epithelial And Mesenchymal Cells In The Bovine Colonic Mucosa Differ In Their Responsiveness To Escherichia Coli Shiga Toxin 1, Ivonne Stamm, Melanie Mohr, Philip S. Bridger, Elmar Schröpfer, Matthias König, William C. Stoffregen, Evelyn A. Dean-Nystrom, Georg Baljer, Christian Menge

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Bovine colonic crypt cells express CD77 molecules that potentially act as receptors for Shiga toxins (Stx). The implication of this finding for the intestinal colonization of cattle by human pathogenic Stx-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) remains undefined. We used flow cytometric and real-time PCR analyses of primary cultures of colonic crypt cells to evaluate cell viability, CD77 expression, and gene transcription in the presence and absence of purified Stx1. A subset of cultured epithelial cells had Stx receptors which were located mainly intracellularly, with a perinuclear distribution, and were resistant to Stx1-induced apoptosis and Stx1 effects on chemokine expression patterns. In …

Forage News [2008-11], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• KFGC Awards
• Clayton Geralds Wins KFGC Forage Spokesman Contest
• 29th Alfalfa Conference Program Set
• Forages at KCA
• 9th Grazing Conference Proceedings
• Decision Aid Added to Website
• Enough Hay…
• Animal Grazing Habits
• Time to Focus On Switchgrass Economics
• Limiting Access Time to Hay Can Stretch the Roll
• Horse Gastric Ulcer Syndrome Can Be Controlled With Diet
• Upcoming Events

Analysis Of Large-Scale Ocean Bottom Pressure Variability In The North Pacific, Don P. Chambers, Josh K. Willis

Marine Science Faculty Publications

[1] We use the leading empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) of ocean bottom pressure (OBP) derived from an ocean model and the technique of EOF reconstruction to reduce noise in the large-scale OBP variations derived from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE). The subsequent OBP variations from the model and GRACE are then examined in the North Pacific between January 2003 and May 2007. Although annual and semiannual variations are similar, GRACE observes large interannual fluctuations poleward of 30°, where OBP increases from a low of nearly 3 cm below normal in early 2003 to normal throughout 2004 and 2005, …

Hexapod Herald - Vol. 20, No. 5, November 2008

Hexapod Herald and Other Entomology Department Newsletters

Contents:
Congratulations
Welcome
Grants
Publications
Insect Science Open House
Meet a Distance Student
Student News
Travel
Faculty News
From the Office

The Altruistic Cardinal?, Paul A. Johnsgard

Paul Johnsgard Collection

Cardinals also are known for their intense parental behavior. Most feeding of fledged young is done by the males, since females typically begin a new nesting cycle very shortly after their first young fledge. I’ve seen male cardinals feed female cardinals, cowbirds and house finches. One researcher in Oklahoma reported a cardinal attempting to feed goldfish in a pond! While photographing backyard birds in Lincoln, I noticed that a male cardinal was tending to a single newly fledged cardinal chick, but also was being constantly pestered by two young house finches. Cardinals raise their young on insects while house finch …

Mortalités, Effondrements Et Affaiblissements Des Colonies D’Abeilles, Julie Chiron, Anne-Marie Hattenberger

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

Depuis plusieurs dizaines d’années, une diminution notoire des populations de pollinisateurs a été signalée dans de nombreux pays par les professionnels et les scientifiques. L’enjeu économique et écologique représenté par la perte de ces individus a déterminé la mise en oeuvre de nombreuses études sur le sujet. Plusieurs hypothèses de facteurs de risques ont été avancées pour tenter d’expliquer ce phénomène. En France, notamment, les apiculteurs ont alerté les pouvoirs publics quant à un effet potentiel de certains traitements phytopharmaceutiques à usage agricole sur la vitalité des colonies d’abeilles domestiques (Apis mellifera), entraînant la décision par le Ministre …

Fertility Of Semen Used In Commercial Production And The Impact Of Sperm Numbers And Bacterial Counts, D. L. Reicks, Donald G. Levis

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective was to monitor sperm counts and bacterial presence on randomly pooled semen doses over 3 years and to determine effects on the farrowing rate and total born in two large farm systems, each serviced by its own boar stud. Sperm counts were divided into increments of 0.5 × 10⁹ for data analysis. There was no effect of sperm count or the presence of bacteria on farrowing rate (n = 9502 observations). Furthermore, based on 7311 observations, there was no effect of the mere presence of bacteria on total born, but sperm count had a significant effect …

Spots Of Adult Male Red-Spotted Newts Are Redder And Brighter Than In Females: Evidence For A Role In Mate Selection?, Andrew K. Davis, Kristine L. Grayson

Biology Faculty Publications

As aquatic adults, eastern red-spotted newts (Notophthalmus v. viridescens) are generally green with two rows of dorsal spots, which vary in number between individuals and range in colour from orange to red. The function of these spots is unknown, but it is possible that they serve as sexual ornamentations and we examined this hypothesis by testing for sexual dimorphism in spot characteristics. We used an image analysis approach that has been used previously with this and other amphibian species to compare the number, size and colour – redness (hue score) and brightness – of spots in 100 male …

First Report Of Soybean Rust Caused By Phakopsora Pachyrhizi In Nebraska, S. R. Watson, L. J. Giesler, A. D. Ziems, T. E. Brovont

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Soybean rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow was first observed in the continental United States in Louisiana in November 2004 (2). As part of the national soybean rust monitoring effort, samples were collected on 3 October 2007 during the scouting of fields with green leaves in southeastern Nebraska. After incubation at room temperature for 24 h, uredinea and urediniospores were observed with microscopic examination. Urediniospores were obovoid, hyaline to pale brown, and measured 20 to 30 × 18 to 20 μm.

Technical Variables In High-Throughput Mirna Expression Profiling: Much Work Remains To Be Done, Peter T. Nelson, Wang-Xia Wang, Bernard R. Wilfred, Guiliang Tang

Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Faculty Publications

MicroRNA (miRNA) gene expression profiling has provided important insights into plant and animal biology. However, there has not been ample published work about pitfalls associated with technical parameters in miRNA gene expression profiling. One source of pertinent information about technical variables in gene expression profiling is the separate and more well-established literature regarding mRNA expression profiling. However, many aspects of miRNA biochemistry are unique. For example, the cellular processing and compartmentation of miRNAs, the differential stability of specific miRNAs, and aspects of global miRNA expression regulation require specific consideration. Additional possible sources of systematic bias in miRNA expression studies include …

Regulation Of The Mouse Treacher Collins Syndrome Homolog (Tcof1) Promoter Through Differential Repression Of Constitutive Expression, Kathryn H. Shows, Rita Shiang

Biology & Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications

Treacher Collins syndrome is an autosomal-dominant mandibulofacial dysostosis caused by haploinsufficiency of the TCOF1 gene product treacle. Mouse Tcof1 protein is approximately 61% identical and 71% similar to treacle, and heterozygous knockout of Tcof1 causes craniofacial malformation. Tcof1 expression is high in developing neural crest, but much lower in other tissues. To investigate this dual regulation, highly conserved regions upstream of TCOF1 homologs were tested through deletion and mutation reporter assays, and conserved predicted transcription factor binding sites were assessed through chromatin binding studies. Assays were performed in mouse P19 embryonic carcinoma cells and in HEK293 cells to determine differential …

Managing Gambel Oak In Southwestern Ponderosa Pine Forests: The Status Of Our Knowledge, Scott R. Abella

Public Policy and Leadership Faculty Research

Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii) is a key deciduous species in southwestern ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests and is important for wildlife habitat, soil processes, and human values. This report (1) summarizes Gambel oak’s biological characteristics and importance in ponderosa pine forests, (2) synthesizes literature on changes in tree densities and fire frequencies since Euro-American settlement in pine-oak forests, (3) suggests management prescriptions for accomplishing various oak management objectives (for example, increasing diameter growth or acorn production), and (4) provides an appendix containing 203 Gambel oak literature citations organized by subject. Nine studies that reconstructed Gambel oak density changes since settlement …

Healthy Bugs, Winston J. Craig

Lake Union Herald

No abstract provided.

Genetic Variability Of The European Corn Borer, Ostrinia Nubilalis, Suggests Gene Flow Between Populations In The Midwestern United States, Jeffrey T. Krumm, Thomas E. Hunt, Steven R. Skoda, Gary L. Hein, Donald J. Lee, Pete L. Clark, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is a widely distributed and serious economic pest to corn production in the U.S. Genetic variability of O. nubilalis was studied in 18 sub-populations in the upper Midwestern United States using amplified fragment length polymorphism. The relatively low GST values indicate that more variation exists within populations than between populations. High gene flow (Nm) values were indicated across the entire O. nubilalis population; the lowest degree of gene flow was in the northern samples (Nm = 1.96) and the highest degree of gene flow was in the southern samples (Nm = …

Commercial Evaluation Of A Continuous Micronutrient Fortification Process For Nixtamal Tortillas, Michael L. Dunn, Sergio O. Serna-Saldivar, Diana Sanchez-Hernandez, Robert W. Griffin

Faculty Publications

The corn tortilla plays an integral role in the Mexican diet and is an ideal vehicle for micronutrient fortification. Approximately 60% of corn tortillas in Mexico are produced from nixtamal, with the remainder prepared from masa flour. A process for continuous fortification of nixtamal tortillas was evaluated in two commercial mills in Mexico. A commercial powder dosifier was used to add micronutrient premix containing iron, zinc, folic acid, niacin, riboflavin, and thiamin to nixtamal (1 g/kg) as it was milled. After training and preliminary sampling, mills produced fortified tortillas unassisted for four weeks. Masa flow rates over a four-day period …

Nebline, Nov./Dec. 2008

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Make a Difference: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
2008 Crop Year in Review
Preserve Grain Quality with Aeration Management
Estimating Corn Drydown Time
It’s Not Easy Being Green During Nebraska’s Winters
Put on an Extra Blanket (Winter Mulching)
Avoid Stacking Firewood Next to House
The Keys to a Perfect Thanksgiving Meal
$tretch Your Food Dollar During the Holiday Season
Healthy Eating: Easy as Pie—Turkey Pot Pie
Family & Community Education (FCE) Clubs: Presidents’ Notes—Bonnie’s Bits
FCE News & Events
Household Hints: Keep Kitchen and Bathroom Clean During Guest Season
Skip the “Humbug!” 10 Tips to Relieve Holiday Stress
Housecleaning Ergonomics: How to …

37 | Paneas Volume I: The Roman To Early Islamic Periods Excavations In Areas A, B, E, F, G And H, Vassilios Tzaferis, Shoshana Israeli

IAA Reports—Monograph Series of the Israel Antiquities Authority

Occupation at the site of Paneas, also known as Caesarea Philippi and Baniyas, spanned some 2300 years, from the establishment of a small sanctuary devoted to the cult of Pan in the Hellenistic period, to the prosperous Roman capital and polis Caesarea Philippi, and becoming a Christian pilgrimage site known as Paneas in the Byzantine period; following the Muslim conquest, a formidable fortress stood here during the Middle Ages, when the site was known as Baniyas, and finally a poor Ottoman village abandoned in modern times.

This is the first volume of a series documenting the large-scale IAA excavations at …

Embryology: Life In Twenty-One Days, John Wesley

All Current Publications

This publication explains the process of an egg hatching into a chick.

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Elastase Induces Il-8 Production In The Lung Cells Via The Epidermal Growth Factor/Extracellular Signal-Regulated Proteins/Nfîºb Pathway, Ali Azghani

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: The induction of chemokine secretion by fibroblasts is crucial for the migration of leukocytes into the parenchyma of the injured lung. Several bacterial products activate the lung’s structural as well as immune cells to produce pro inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. We report that elastase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PE) evokes IL-8 mRNA expression and protein secretion in nonmalignant culture of human lung fibroblasts by activating the receptor for epidermal growth factor (EGFR) and downstream mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway. Methods: We utilized western blot analysis to detect phosphorylation of EGFR and signal transduction intermediates. Northern blot and ELISA analyses were …

Grades 9-10 Energy Sources, Roxana Estrada

Science

This is a science lesson for students in ninth and tenth grade on Energy Sources that can be used in an ecology class. Through this lesson students will be able to make decisions and acknowledge that that their activities had a profound impact on the physical and living environment and students will be able to explain the most common energy sources. Students will be tiered by ability and within their groups they will choose between two topics based on interest.

A Competitive Hybridization Model Predicts Probe Signal Intensity On High Density Dna Microarrays, Shuzhao Li, Alex Pozhitkov, Marius Brouwer

Faculty Publications

A central, unresolved problem of DNA microarray technology is the interpretation of different signal intensities from multiple probes targeting the same transcript. We propose a competitive hybridization model for DNA microarray hybridization. Our model uses a probe-specific dissociation constant that is computed with current nearest neighbor model and existing parameters, and only four global parameters that are fitted to Affymetrix Latin Square data. This model can successfully predict signal intensities of individual probes, therefore makes it possible to quantify the absolute concentration of targets. Our results offer critical insights into the design and data interpretation of DNA microarrays.

Does Repeated Burial Of Skeletal Muscle Tissue (Ovis Aries) In Soil Affect Subsequent Decomposition?, David O. Carter, Mark Tibbett

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The repeated introduction of an organic resource to soil can result in its enhanced degradation. This phenomenon is of primary importance in agroecosystems, where the dynamics of repeated nutrient, pesticide, and herbicide amendment must be understood to achieve optimal yield. Although not yet investigated, the repeated introduction of cadaveric material is an important area of research in forensic science and cemetery planning. It is not currently understood what effects the repeated burial of cadaveric material has on cadaver decomposition or soil processes such as carbon mineralization. To address this gap in knowledge, we conducted a laboratory experiment using ovine ( …

Gordie News, November/December 2008, West Chester University Of Pennsylvania

Gordon Natural Area History & Strategic Plan Documents

No abstract provided.

Seasonal Changes In A Eutrophic Lake, Wilgreen Lake, Madison County, Kentucky, Richard D. Stockwell, Walter S. Borowski

EKU Faculty and Staff Scholarship

WilgreenLake (Madison County, Kentucky) covers ~169 acres, formed in 1966 by damming Taylor Fork. The Wilgreen watershed drains residential developments, modified woodlands, cattle pasture, and some industrial/urban areas in the city of Richmond. The lake is deemed “nutrient impaired” by the EPA.

Our main objective is to document the seasonal changes in key lake parameters from summer stratification through fall overturn over 4 months of sampling, August through November, 2008. We collect temperature, oxygen, pH, and conductivity data from 19 stations at depth intervals of 1 meter using an YSI multi-probe. Concurrent with collecting these framework data, we take water …

Effect Of The Addition Of Waxes On The Crystallization Behavior Of Anhydrous Milk Fat, Silvana Martini, Amalia A. Carelli, Jiwon Lee

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Physicochemical characteristics of lipid-based foods depend, among other factors, on the microstructure and the characteristics of the lipid network formed during crystallization. The objective of this study, was to evaluate the effect of the addition of sunflower oil waxes on the crystallization and melting behavior of anhydrous milk fat (AMF), a lipid with a low content of palmitic and trans-fatty acids. The crystallization and melting behavior of AMF alone and with the addition of 0.25 and 0.5% of waxes was studied using a differential scanning calorimeter. The morphology of the crystallized samples was evaluated with a polarized light microscope. The …

Modulation Of The Nf-Κb Pathway By Bordetella Pertussis Filamentous Hemagglutinin, Tzvia Abramson, Hassya Kedem, David A. Relman

Faculty Publications, Biological Sciences

Background
Filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) is a cell-associated and secreted adhesin produced by Bordetella pertussis with pro-apoptotic and pro-inflammatory activity in host cells. Given the importance of the NF-κB transcription factor family in these host cell responses, we examined the effect of FHA on NF-κB activation in macrophages and bronchial epithelial cells, both of which are relevant cell types during natural infection.

Methodology/Principal Findings
Exposure to FHA of primary human monocytes and transformed U-937 macrophages, but not BEAS-2B epithelial cells, resulted in early activation of the NF-κB pathway, as manifested by the degradation of cytosolic IκBα, by NF-κB DNA binding, and …

Infant-Feeding Practices Of Low-Income Vietnamese American Women, Yashmi Mistry, Marjorie Freedman, Kathleen Sweeney, Clarie Hollenbeck

Faculty Publications

Healthy People 2010 breastfeeding goals include 50% exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months. In California, US, Santa Clara County Women, Infants, and Children (SCCWIC) data indicated Asian participants had low (5.6%) 6-month breastfeeding rates. To examine infant-feeding practices, Vietnamese breastfeeding peer counselors surveyed 133 Vietnamese SCCWIC participants (≥ 18 years old, nonpregnant, < 28 months postpartum) using a structured questionnaire regarding intentions, attitudes, and subjective norms toward breastfeeding. Results indicated that 75% initiated breastfeeding in the hospital (33% exclusively, 42% partially), and 25% exclusively formula fed. At survey time, 49% had terminated breastfeeding (average duration 4.4 months). Feeding intentions during pregnancy predicted feeding method used (P < .001). Most prenatal advice was from SCCWIC employees, friends, and doctors who supported breastfeeding. Most postnatal advice was from nurses who supported breastfeeding and bottle-feeding equally. Stronger control beliefs, peer counseling, and education were correlated with breastfeeding (P < .001). Improved postdelivery hospital advice may further increase breastfeeding initiation and duration.

Lifestyle Of Shellmound Builders In Brazil (Galley Proofs), Sabine Eggers, C. C. Petronilho, K. Brandt, J. Filippini, Karl J. Reinhard

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

The contact of inland and coastal prehistoric groups in Brazil is believed to have been restricted to regions with no geographical barrier, as is the case in the Ribeira de Iguape valley. The inland osteological collection from the riverine shellmound Moraes (5800–4500 BP) represents a unique opportunity to test this assumption for this region. Despite cultural similarities between riverine and coastal shellmounds, important ecological and site distribution differences are expected to impact on lifestyle. The purpose of this study is thus to document and interpret health and lifestyle indicators in Moraes in comparison to coastal shellmound groups. Specifically we test …

Regulation Of Oviposition In Anopheles Gambiae S.S.: Role Of Inter- And Intra-Specific Signals, Leunita A. Sumba, C. Brandon Ogbunugafor, Arop L. Deng, Ahmed Hassanali

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Females of Anopheles gambiae Giles normally oviposit in a large number of fresh, small, sunlit, and spatially spread temporary pools. Such pools are associated with lower levels of predation compared to large, longer-lasting habitats. We compared oviposition levels on preferred (water collected from natural anopheline larval habitats) and non-preferred (distilled water) aqueous substrates by gravid females that contained different densities of conspecific eggs or early and late instar larvae. The presence of conspecific larvae, but not eggs, had a positive or negative effect on the ovipositional responses of gravid An. gambiae females, depending on the quality (preferred or non-preferred by …

Vegetable Exhibits At Fairs And Shows, John Wesley, Maggie Wolf

All Current Publications

This publication gives tips on how to choose the best produce for vegetable exhibits and what the judges are looking for in the displays.