Engineering Commons^™

A Compact And High Gain Dielectric-Loaded 60ghz Multi-Stepped Waveguide Antenna Array, Saeideh Shad, Hani Mehrpouyan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this paper, a wideband high-gain 2 × 2-element subarray is presented for 60 GHz applications. The antenna is fed with waveguide-fed cavity backed configuration and designed entirely via simple rectangular apertures. To improve radiation pattern characteristics and reduce the antenna size, steppedradiating apertures loaded with a solid dielectric material. A standard WR-15 rectangular waveguide is designed to excite the antenna at the input port over the operation frequency. The most significant advantage of using this design is its efficient radiation patterns, ability to decrease complexity and cost of fabrication. Simulated results demonstrate a maximum gain of about 19.5 dB, …

Lens-Based Millimeter Wave Reconfigurable Antenna Noma, Mojtaba Ahmadi Almasi, Roohollah Amiri, Mojtaba Vaezi, Hani Mehrpouyan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper proposes a new multiple access technique based on the millimeter wave lens-based reconfigurable antenna systems. In particular, to support a large number of groups of users with different angles of departures (AoDs), we integrate recently proposed reconfigurable antenna multiple access (RAMA) into non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). The proposed technique, named reconfigurable antenna NOMA (RA-NOMA), divides the users with respect to their AoDs and channel gains. Users with different AoDs and comparable channel gains are served via RAMA while users with the same AoDs but different channel gains are served via NOMA. This technique results in the independence of …

Mitigation Of Distribution Voltage Violations Using Single-Phase Residential Static Var Compensators, Andrés Valdepeña Delgado, Muhammad Kamran Latif, Said Ahmed-Zaid

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

An alternative method to support the voltage at the end of a distribution feeder using residential static VAR compensators (RSVCs) is presented. The distribution feeder and the RSVCs were modeled using OpenDSS and validated by comparing the results of measured data with the output of the model. Results show that the use of RSVCs on the low side of the service transformers is an efficient way to mitigate low- and high-voltage violations in the distribution feeder. During a onemonth evaluation of the system, the results show that the use of RSVCs was able to eliminate all voltage violations below 113 …

Waveguide-Fed Lens Based Beam-Steering Antenna For 5g Wireless Communications, Saeideh Shad, Shafaq Kausar, Hani Mehrpouyan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this paper, a two-dimensional cylindrical Lens antenna based on the parallel plate technique is designed. It supports beam-steering capability of 58° at 28 GHz. The antenna is composed of low loss rectangular waveguide antennas, which are positioned around a homogeneous cylindrical Teflon lens in the air region of two conducting parallel plates. The Beam scanning can be achieved by switching between the antenna elements. The main advantages of our design include its relative simplicity, ease of fabrication, and high-power handling capability. Compared to previous works including a curvature optimization for the plate separation of the parallel plates, the proposed …

Feature Extraction Using Spiking Convolutional Neural Networks, Ruthvik Vaila, John Chiasson, Vishal Saxena

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Spiking neural networks are biologically plausible counterparts of the artificial neural networks, artificial neural networks are usually trained with stochastic gradient descent and spiking neural networks are trained with spike timing dependant plasticity. Training deep convolutional neural networks is a memory and power intensive job. Spiking networks could potentially help in reducing the power usage. There is a large pool of tools for one to chose to train artificial neural networks of any size, on the other hand all the available tools to simulate spiking neural networks are geared towards computational neuroscience applications and they are not suitable for real …

Learning Behavior Of Memristor-Based Neuromorphic Circuits In The Presence Of Radiation, Sumedha Gandharava Dahl, Robert C. Ivans, Kurtis D. Cantley

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this paper, a feed-forward spiking neural network with memristive synapses is designed to learn a spatio-temporal pattern representing the 25-pixel character ‘B’ by separating correlated and uncorrelated afferents. The network uses spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) learning behavior, which is implemented using biphasic neuron spikes. A TiO₂ memristor non-linear drift model is used to simulate synaptic behavior in the neuromorphic circuit. The network uses a many-to-one topology with 25 pre-synaptic neurons (afferent) each connected to a memristive synapse and one post-synaptic neuron. The memristor model is modified to include the experimentally observed effect of state-altering radiation. During the learning process, …

Optimization Of Advanced Encryption Standard (Aes) Using Vivado High Level Synthesis (Hls), Luka Daoud, Fady Hussein, Nader Rafla

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) represents a fundamental building module of many network security protocols to ensure data confidentiality in various applications ranging from data servers to low-power hardware embedded systems. In order to optimize such hardware implementations, High-Level Synthesis (HLS) provides exibility in designing and rapid optimization of dedicated hardware to meet the design constraints. In this paper, we present the implementation of AES encryption processor on FPGA using Xilinx Vivado HLS. The AES architecture was analyzed and designed by loop unrolling, and inner-round and outer-round pipelining techniques to achieve a maximum throughput of the AES algorithm up to 1290 …

A Spatiotemporal Pattern Detector, Robert Ivans, Kurtis D. Cantley

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

A spatiotemporal pattern detector design is presented which can identify three fundamental spatiotemporal patterns consisting of two spikes (from different neurons or from the same neuron). These fundamental cases provide the building blocks for construction of more complicated arbitrary spatiotemporal patterns. The overall design consists of three primary subcircuits, and the operation of each is described. The detection of the three cases of spatiotemporal patterns, and the detection of a more complicated pattern by a network of Spatiotemporal Pattern Detectors, is then demonstrated through simulation using the Cadence Virtuoso platform.

Indoor And Outdoor Penetration Loss Measurements At 73 And 81 Ghz, Mahfuza Khatun, Changyu Guo, David Matolak, Hani Mehrpouyan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this paper, we present millimeter-wave (mmWave) penetration loss measurements and analysis at E-bands—73 GHz and 81 GHz. Penetration loss was measured for common building materials such as clear glass, metal, tinted glass, wood, and drywall on the campus of Boise State University in the city of Boise. A horn antenna with a gain of 24 dBi was used at the transmitter and receiver at both bands, and both antennas were boresight-aligned with respect to the test material. A total of twelve locations were selected to test five materials. We tested two indoor materials (clear glass and wood) in at …

Performance Comparison Of Scanner And Camera-Acquired Data For Bangla Offline Handwriting Recognition, Nishatul Majid, Elisa H. Barney Smith

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper presents a comparison of offline handwriting recognition performance between two different image acquisition devices: scanner and cell-phone camera. Whereas a flat-bed scanner offers higher quality distortion free imaging, a cell-phone camera trumps on the convenience and ease of use. The aim of this research is to quantify how the extra quality obtained from a scanner impacts the offline handwriting recognition. This was evaluated with two classification framework: a segmentation-free offline Bangla handwriting transcription with sequential detection of characters/diacritics and a Bangla handwritten digit recognizer with an SVM classifier. The Boise State Bangla Handwriting dataset is used for the …

Microwave Detection Of Surface Breaking Cracks In Metallic Structures Under Heavy Corrosion And Paint, John Robert Gallion

Masters Theses

"We live in the world of "aging infrastructures". In this environment, critical and heavily utilized infrastructure, i.e. ships, planes, bridges, etc., are operating at or beyond their designed age. Replacement is no longer an option and "retirement for cause" is the current approach to maintenance and replacement. Consequently, there is an ever-increasing demand for efficient and robust nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods that can determine the physical health of these structures. Large structures, which are primarily made of metals, either steel or aluminum, are susceptible to high-stress cracking and corrosion. Stress-induced cracks in heavily corroded steel, used in bridges, railroads, storage …

Physics-Guided Deep Learning For Power System Sate Estimation, Lei Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Conventionally, physics-based models are used for power system state estimation, including Weighted Least Square (WLS) or Weighted Absolute Value (WLAV). These models typically consider a single snapshot of the system without capturing temporal correlations of system states. In this thesis, a Physics-Guided Deep Learning (PGDL) method incorporating the physical power system model with the deep learning is proposed to improve the performance of power system state estimation. Specifically, inspired by Autoencoders, deep neural networks (DNNs) are utilized to learn the temporal correlations of power system states. The estimated system states are checked against the physics law by a set of …

Automated Synthesis Of Unconventional Computing Systems, Amad Ul Hassen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Despite decades of advancements, modern computing systems which are based on the von Neumann architecture still carry its shortcomings. Moore's law, which had substantially masked the effects of the inherent memory-processor bottleneck of the von Neumann architecture, has slowed down due to transistor dimensions nearing atomic sizes. On the other hand, modern computational requirements, driven by machine learning, pattern recognition, artificial intelligence, data mining, and IoT, are growing at the fastest pace ever. By their inherent nature, these applications are particularly affected by communication-bottlenecks, because processing them requires a large number of simple operations involving data retrieval and storage. The …

Multi-Scale Modeling Of Viscoelastic Thin-Ply Composites, Milinda Madhusanka Yapa Yapa Hamillage

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Thin ply composites have been under the microscope of researchers for around two decades since Kawabe introduced the thin ply technology, in the Industrial Technology Center in Fukui, Japan. With the advancement of the technological aspects of manufacturing carbon fiber composites the tow spreading has improved so much as to reduce the thickness of a conventional ply up to even six-fold. Over the years carbon fiber composites have gained interest in space structures for reinforcement purposes in antennas, as structural elements that store strain energy and support the deployment of deployable structures, and in reflector concepts. Now thin-ply composites are …

Gentamicin-Modified Nanocarriers For Placental Targeted Drug Delivery To Treat Pregnancy-Related Complications, Ali Alfaifi

Wayne State University Dissertations

Diseases of pregnancy are the leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality affecting more than 20% (26 million) of all pregnancies annually. Those diseases include preeclampsia, preterm labor, intrauterine growth restriction and gestational diabetes, many of which are caused by compromised functions of the placenta. Placenta is a specialized organ that is only present during pregnancy where it creates a maternal-fetal interface that is responsible for many functions that contribute to the development of the fetus. Unfortunately, there is currently no treatment for any of those diseases. Our work focuses on the development of a novel nanoplatform that …

Rare-Earth-Activated Group Vi D0 Metal Oxides As Thermosensitive Phosphors, Samarage Sameera Perera

Wayne State University Dissertations

ABSTRACT

RARE-EARTH-ACTIVATED GROUP VI d0 METAL OXIDES AS

THERMOSENSITIVE PHOSPHORS

by

SAMARAGE SAMEERA PRASAD PERERA

AUGUST 2019

Advisor: Dr. Federico A. Rabuffetti

Major: Chemistry

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

Thermosensitive phosphors are solid-state materials that demonstrate distinct dependence of luminescence emission on temperature. These materials enable optical temperature sensing in environments where conventional thermometry is not possible (e.g., gas turbines, combustion engines, surface temperature distributions). However, the design of thermosensitive phosphors that show adequate sensitivity and low thermal quenching in the intermediate temperature range (i.e., 500–1000 K) remains challenging. This challenge can be addressed by understanding how to rationally manipulate the …

Design Rules For Additive Manufacturing – Understanding The Fundamental Thermal Phenomena To Reduce Scrap, M. Reza Yavari, Kevin D. Cole, Prahalada K. Rao

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

The goal of this work is to predict the effect of part geometry and process parameters on the direction and magnitude of heat flow heat flux in parts made using metal additive manufacturing (AM) processes. As a step towards this goal, the objective of this paper is to develop and apply the mathematical concept of heat diffusion over graphs to approximate the heat flux in metal AM parts as a function of their geometry. This objective is consequential to overcome the poor process consistency and part quality in AM. Currently, part build failure rates in metal AM often exceed 20%, …

Evaluation Of Nebraska’S Aggregate Reactivity By The Miniature Concrete Prism Test Method – Aashto T380, Lieska Halsey, Wally Heyen

Nebraska Department of Transportation: Research Reports

The evaluation of nine different aggregates shows the viability of the T380 test method as an alternative to the standard C1293 test method. The T380 assesses the Alkali-Silica Reaction potential of aggregates with the same reliability as C1293 and correlates well with the C1293 test method. Results are obtained within 56 days by T380 compared to 365 days required by C1293. The T380 method at 56 days appears to characterize the aggregate reactivity similarly to C1293 for all the aggregates evaluated in this study. Therefore, T380 will be part of the Department test method for approval of interground/blended cements along …

Unique Constant Phase Element Behavior Of The Electrolyte–Graphene Interface, Jianbo Sun, Yuxin Liu

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

We report a unique constant phase element (CPE) behavior ( 1Z=Q0(jω)α" role="presentation" style="box-sizing: border-box; max-height: none; display: inline; line-height: normal; font-size: 14.3px; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;">1Z=Q0(jω)α ) of the electrolyte–graphene interface with both Q0" role="presentation" style="box-sizing: border-box; max-height: none; display: inline; line-height: normal; font-size: 14.3px; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;">Q0 and α" role="presentation" style="box-sizing: border-box; max-height: none; display: inline; …

Enhancement Of Macrophage Uptake Via Phosphatidylserine-Coated Acetalated Dextran Nanoparticles, Nishan K. Shah, Sweta K. Gupta, Zimeng Wang, Samantha A. Meenach

Chemical, Biomolecular, and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

Although vital to the immune system, macrophages can act as reservoirs for pathogens such as tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus. Limitations in the treatment of such diseases include targeting therapeutics directly to macrophages and the large systemic dosages needed. The objective of this study is to develop a nanoparticle (NP)-based drug delivery system that can provide targeted delivery into macrophages. Acetalated dextran (Ac-Dex) NP loaded with the lipophilic model compound curcumin (CUR) were synthesized and coated in 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-l-serine (DPPS), a phospholipid that induces phagocytosis in macrophages. DPPS-CUR NP were found to release 67.8% of encapsulated CUR within 24 …

Report From The Stem 2026 Workshop On Assessment, Evaluation, And Accreditation, Rebecca Bates, Angela Arnold, Cary Komoto, Peggy Brickman, R. Alan Cheville, Elizabeth Longley, Jose Mestre, Mihaela Sabin, James Warnock

Reports

A gathering of science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) higher education stakeholders met in November 2018 to consider the relationship between innovation in education and assessment. When we talk about assessment in higher education, it is inextricably linked to both evaluation and accreditation, so all three were considered. The first question we asked was can we build a nation of learners? This starts with considering the student, first and foremost. As educators, this is a foundation of our exploration and makes our values transparent. As educators, how do we know we are having an impact? As members and implementers of …

A New Model For Lifting Condensation Levels Estimation, Nihad E. Daidzic

Aviation Department Publications

Knowledge of and the ability to predict lifting condensation levels (LCL) is important ingredient in weather predictions, cloud formation, planetary albedo and Earth’s energy balance. It is also essential topic in aviation safety and flight operations. In this article, we derive a new model of LCL and compare it to some older commonly-used models. This includes also the recently published Romps’ (2017) model. The new model presented here includes dependence, however weak, of the surface atmospheric pressure and the specific humidity on the LCL height and temperature. Such is not the case with widely used models and expressions by Espy …

Water Pollution In Old Towns Affecting The Environment And Ecological Restoration, Zou Hang, Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf, Yung Tse Hung

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

© 2019 Technoscience Publications. All rights reserved. In order to solve the problem that the traditional activated sludge method is not effective in recovering the ecological process of water pollution in urban areas, the membrane bioreactor-based sewage treatment process was studied experimentally. Two flat-plate ultrafiltration membranes were used to form the ultrafilter tank in the experimental device sampled, and the processes of nitrate cycle and sludge cycle were adopted. Ozonation and granular activated carbon filtration were adopted to treat the micropollutants. After repeated experiments in 17 experimental cycles, the obtained experimental data were analysed, and it was found that under …

Metabolic Cost Calculations Of Gait Using Musculoskeletal Energy Models, A Comparison Study, Anne D. Koelewijn, Dieter Heinrich, Antonie J. Van Den Bogert

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper compares predictions of metabolic energy expenditure in gait using seven metabolic energy expenditure models to assess their correlation with experimental data. Ground reaction forces, marker data, and pulmonary gas exchange data were recorded for six walking trials at combinations of two speeds, 0.8 m/s and 1.3 m/s, and three inclines, -8% (downhill), level, and 8% (uphill). The metabolic cost, calculated with the metabolic energy models was compared to the metabolic cost from the pulmonary gas exchange rates. A repeated measures correlation showed that all models correlated well with experimental data, with correlations of at least 0.9. The model …

Sns Optical Fiber Structure Sensor For Direct Detection Of The Phase Transition In C18h38 N-Alkane Material, Wei Han, Marek Rebow, Xiaokang Lian, Dejun Liu, Gerald Farrell, Qiang Wu, Yuliya Semenova

Articles

A singlemode-no-core-singlemode (SNS) fiber structure optical sensor for detecting the solid-liquid phase change in a phase change material: C18H38 n-alkane material (n-octadecane) is proposed and demonstrated. The transmission-type sensor probe consists of a short section of no-core fiber sandwiched between two sections of a singlemode fiber. Phase changes in n-octadecane are accompanied by large step-like variations of its refractive index (RI). Such a large discontinuous change of the n-octadecane’s RI during its phase transition, leads to the corresponding step-like change in the transmitted optical power that can reliably indicate the phase change of the sample in the vicinity of the …

Qoe Enhancement In Next Generation Wireless Ecosystems: A Machine Learning Approach, Eva Ibarrola, Mark Davis, Camille Voisin, Ciara Close, Leire Cristobo

Articles

Next-generation wireless ecosystems are expected to comprise heterogeneous technologies and diverse deployment scenarios. Ensuring quality of service (QoS) will be one of the major challenges on account of a variety of factors that are beyond the control of network and service providers in these environments. In this context, ITU-T is working on defining new Recommendations related to QoS and users' quality of experience (QoE) for the 5G era. Considering the new ITU-T QoS framework, we propose a methodology to develop a global QoS management model for next generation wireless ecosystems taking advantage of big data and machine learning (ML). The …

Double Deadbeat Plus Repetitive Control Scheme For Microgrid System, Sreedhar Madichetty, Malabika Basu, Sukumar Mishra, Josep M. Guerrero

Articles

Parallel connection of converters is a convenient choice when system capacity is to be increased. Parallel-connected voltage source converters, especially neutral point clamped converters, are one of the best choices for its range. However, with the parallel connectivity, the converter possesses a circulating current in its legs, which consequently threatens the safe operation of the system. To alleviate this circulating current problem, in this paper, a double deadbeat (DD) plus repetitive control (RC) scheme is proposed. The RC scheme is employed to mitigate the circulating currents and the DD loop control scheme is employed to achieve a high operating bandwidth …

Influence Of The Local Field And Dipole-Dipole Interactions On The Spectral Characteristics Of Simple Metals And Their Nanoparticles, I. I. Shaganov, Kevin Berwick, T. S. Perova

Articles

The effect of dipole-dipole interactions of free electrons on the spectral characteristics of simple metals and their nanoparticles is analyzed using Drude theory and the model of the Lorentz local field. It is established that accounting for the dispersion of a local field under conditions of one-dimensional (1D) confinement based on the optical constants of the bulk metal allows the determination of its spectral micro-characteristics in the frequency region of the longitudinal collective motions of the free electrons. This corresponds to the spectra of the dielectric losses of bulk plasma oscillations. A similar procedure for three-dimensional (3D) confinement produces the …

Assessing The Grit And Mindset Of Incoming Engineering Students With An Emphasis On Gender, Inês Direito, Shannon Chance, Emanuela Tilley, John E. Mitchell

Conference papers

Engineering programs can be very demanding, particularly in the first years where students encounter new forms of highly challenging coursework. To better prepare and support students, educators must acknowledge non-academic factors, such as the role of self-beliefs and personal attributes. Education research suggests that students are more likely to give up and disengage from their studies when they lack grit or assume a fixed mindset. Previous studies suggest that female students are generally grittier but less confident when compared to male students. This paper presents the initial work of an ongoing study to explore self-confidence and motivations to study engineering …

Tracking Hand Trajectory As A Preliminary Study For Hand Hygiene Stages, Rashmi Bakshi, Jane Courtney, Damon Berry, Graham Gavin

Session 5: Medical and Biomedical Imaging

The process of hand washing involves complex hand movements. There are six principal sequential steps for washing hands as per the World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines. In this work, a preliminary analysis was undertaken in order to develop an automated image processing system for tracking and classification of two-handed dynamic gestures involved in hand washing. To facilitate this study, videos of healthcare workers who were engaged in washing hands were sourced from the internet. The videos were analysed in order to extract the unique features of two-handed gestures associated with all hand hygiene (HH) stages. The combination of these unique …