Engineering Commons^™

A Dynamic Set-Based Multiaccess Protocol For Local Area Networks, Parul S. Nanavati

Theses

The packet-broadcasting technique brings together the advantages of both packet switching and broadcast communication. The central problem of a packet broadcast network is conflict resolution among the users sharing the broadcast communication link. Collisions are the major source of transmission errors which degrade the performance of a LAN. Proposed here is a novel multiaccess protocol which offers full communication resources to the user at low traffic requirements. It dynamically adjusts the number of users allowed to access the medium at heavy traffic requirements such that number of collisions are reduced and thus maintains the efficient utilization of the medium and …

Reliability Problems In Semiconductor Lasers, Ajay R. Patel

Theses

The stability and reliability of semiconductor laser is dependent on its design, fabrication, and output power. The best way to assure high reliability of these devices is by accelerated aging test and by selection of strict and meaningful criteria for the acceptance or rejection of a particular device. In this thesis emphasis is given on different failure mechanisms that are known. As new development takes place, other mechanisms may be found. Catastrophic degradation, gradual degradation, darkline defects, and contamination during the fabrication process are the main source of device failure.

The noise generation and the packaging issue of semiconductor laser …

Microprocessor Testing And Computer Aided Diagnosability Of Digital Circuits, Shirish Patel

Theses

Computer Aided Diagnosability Of Circuits (CADOC), a new method is developed for isolating and pin-pointing a faulty device in digital circuits. CADOC is based on graph-theoretic principle and PFD numbers. Without considering any SA1 or SAO faults, we can zoom out faulty device by selecting different diagnostic path to narrow down the faulty region and to isolate the faulty device. The efficiency of this new technique is confirmed by applying the technique to many examples.

Reliability Evaluation Of Liquid Crystal Displays Under Accelerated Test Conditions, Ishatdev Singh Rathore

Theses

This thesis deals with the recent study of reliability of liquid crystal displays. This study determined the effects of high temperature on LCD reliability. To accomplish this, reliability life testing was done on different kinds of LCD samples under different operating conditions. The tests were carried out on the samples of two different vendors at two different temperatures. No humidity was added in any test.

Vendor No. 1

1. 120 units at 77° ± l° C.

2. 80 units at 85° ± 1° C.

Vendor No. 2

1. 60 hard and 60 soft glass units at 77° ± 1°C.

2. …

Design And Development Of An Infrared Ccd Camera, John Frederick Romanowich

Theses

An infrared CCD camera system was designed and developed for operating various sizes of Schottky-barrier IR-CCD image sensor chips. The camera has a digitally programmable frequency synthesizer for operating the 160 X 244, 320 X 244, and 256 X 256 image sensors developed at the David Sarnoff Research Center. The electronics of the camera are designed to provide the outputs required for operating a XYZ monitor, a standard TV monitor, or a computer workstation. At the core of the camera design is a RS-170 standard sync generator that supplies the waveforms for synchronizing the camera's circuitry to produce a composite …

Study Of Dynamic Cmos Families And Development Of Certain Guidelines For Logic Synthesis, Vinay Santurkar

Theses

This work studies in detail two dynamic logic families, namely Zipper and Nora. It compares their performance using SPICE, a popular circuit simulator. Results show that a novel clocking scheme and a different latch circuit for the Nora pipelined structure can push its maximum clock rate of CMOS Dynamic circuits higher. It also ascertains whether the increased complexity of NORA is justified compared to the simpler Zipper circuit. It is shown that for very long logic chains, Nora works faster than Zipper. The work also presents some guidelines for synthesis of logic functions using CMOS Dynamic Cells. It shows that …

An Investigation Of Electrical And Physical Properties Of Reactively, Diode Sputtered Silicon Nitride Thin Films, Divyang Manharlal Shah

Theses

Silicon nitride thin films were deposited by r.f. reactive sputtering of silicon in nitrogen and argon discharge. Biased and unbiased modes of diode mode sputtering were used. Typical parameters for a sputter deposition run were: base pressure, 1-2x10-6 torr; sputtering pressure, 5-7 mtorr; nitrogen partial pressure, 15-16%; cathode-anode gap, 4 inch; r.f. power, 200-250 watts; cathode voltage, 1.8-2.1 V r.f.; water vapor pressure, 20-30% of the base pressure. The film thickness and the refractive index were measured by ellipsometery. The films of thickness 300-2500A, refractive index 1.9-2.1 and resistivity 10101Ω — cm were obtained. The deposition rate was in the …

Analysis And Simulation Of Chirp Radar System, Tina Tsung Tsai

Theses

This paper consists of a technique to design a Chirp radar system and proposes a solution to optimize the design of the linear time delay network required in such systems. A Chirp radar system has a wide bandwidth for high range resolution, and long pulse duration for high velocity resolution and high transmitted energy. The technique of a pulse compression system offers a means of increasing the average power available to illuminate radar targets without any loss of the resolution at the receiver needed for the tactical requirements of the system. This is accomplished by transmitting a wide pulse in …

Cmos Sram Design For Initializing Programmable Logic Devices, Ravi K. Vaidyanathan

Theses

This thesis presents the design of CMOS Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) which is imbedded within a high performance Programmable Logic Device (PLD). The SRAM and its control circuitry are used to initialize (or personalize) the NJIT PLD chip. The design is defined in 3-levels of functional hierarchy consistent with the physical and electronic design automation utilized for this design. The imbedded SRAM supports the PLD application circuit which includes 8 small Array and one large Control Programmable Logic Arrays.

The SRAM is structured as 64 X 138 bit array with serial read and write inputs. It is designed emphasizing …

Analysis Of Spread Spectrum System Using Direct Sequence Technique In Jamming Environment, Kandarp A. Vyas

Theses

A spread spectrum system is a means of transmitting data over a channel In addition it offers a wide variety of features like data security and signal hiding This work studies in detail a spread spectrum system using direct sequence binary phase shift keying. The Sliding Correlator and Sequential Detector techniques have been used to achieve synchronization. A brief study of pseudorandom noise has been presented. System was simulated on UNIX using 'c'. A modified version, suitable for software implementation, of Sliding Correlator and Sequential Detector was, used. Results generated using tins model are presented here.

Attenuation Properties Of An Lp 11 Mode In A W-Type Fiber Operating Below Cutoff, Chih-Chiang Wang

Theses

Rigorous formulation of a W-type fiber for its dispersion properties is presented. An LP mode has been studies extensively with respect to its attenuation properties when the frequency of operation is kept below cut-off. Due to rigorous dispersion equation numerical difficulties encountered in the computations, an approximate dispersion equation corresponding to weakly guided modes is solved. Numerical results corresponding to attenuation and propagation characteristics of the W-type fiber for radii and refractive index variations are presented. A computational subroutine for radial functions (Bessel, etc ) for complex argument has been used and proved to be useful in the legion of …

Research, Development, And Evaluation Of A Solid State Transformer, Robert Michael Joseph Wozniak

Theses

The analysis and design of a solid state step down transformer is presented as part of a research study which reviews novel approaches to the development of high frequency power magnetic apparatuses and applies available theory to produce a solid state counter part. The resulting circuit exhibits the potential for efficiency as high as 85%, low output ripple, regulation that is comparable with other modes of power conversion and the ability to provide localized on-board power.

C/Ku Band Satellite Television Reception System, Costas A. Economides

Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to examine and investigate the design of a satellite reception system able to receive most C and Ku band North American geostationary satellites' TV transmissions. The performance criterion used for the system design is based on a required demodulated video signal-to-noise ratio maintained for a specified percentage of time in conjunction with overall cost considerations.

Furthermore, a computer program written in FORTRAN 77 is developed, which among other functions lists the notified, operational, geostationary satellites in sight with their corresponding look angles, from any given location on the earth.

Temperature Dependent Reliability Of Plastic Packaged Microcircuits, Wasim Ahmed

Theses

Increasing power and power densities in new high complexity semiconductor devices are creating heat removal problems. Increased powers produce higher junction temperature which lead to potentially faster degradation of device reliability. Thermal management at device level packaging involves efficient and cost-effective removal of dissipated thermal energy from the device to assure its reliable performance over the long term. In the context of very high levels of integeration of future ICs, thermal management will mean making such devices possible close to the limits of acceptable high temperature.

The major factors affecting heat flow in a plastic Dual-in-line-packages (DIP'S) are investigated using …

An Investigation Of Interrupt Handling Schemes In Pipeline Processors, Shailesh Ratilal Gami

Theses

In order to acheive higher performance in a pipeline processor, proper interrupt handling is essential. In a pipeline processor, interrupt handling is difficult because many instructions are in the processor at the same time. This study describes and evaluates the different solutions to interrupt handling. Several pipelined 32-bit microprocessors have also been studied and their architectural and programming features are compared.

Performance Of Single Dwell Serial Synchronization System, Chan-Yee Hsiung

Theses

By using the sampling theorem, the problem of the detection of a signal in white Gaussian noise, reduces to the consideration of the sum of the squares of statistically independent Gaussian variates. If the transmitter and and receiver are not synchronous, then no data transmission is possible and the decision statistic has a central chi-square distribution. Otherwise, the decision statistic has a non-central chi-square distribution. Also, this. paper presents a method to calculate the mean and variance of the acquisition time which are the most important parameters to evaluate the performance of a PN spread synchronization system. In addition, the …

Failure Mechanisms Of Hermetically Sealed Solid Tantalum Capacitors, Syed R. Kazmi

Theses

This study has determined the failure mechanisms of solid tantalum capacitors and their causes. It was observed that high leakage current and electric shorts are the most prominant modes of failure. The experimental data has proved that humidity and high temperature are the factors which promote these kinds of failures. It is also stablished that change in electrical parameters due to exposure to harsh weather are reversible. Vacuum treatment to such capacitors helped in improving their electrical characteristics.

Independent Equations Method For Power System State-Estimation, Shun-Gee Lin

Theses

The problem of power system state estimation (PSSE) is to convert the available. redundant and noise contaminated measurements, and other information into a best estimate of the state of the system.

Methods to solve the PSSE, including the sub-problems of bad data presence detection, identification and reconstruction, are reviewed. The Independent Equations Method (IEM) was selected for in-depth study and analysis.

The tree method for bad data identification is tested and failed due to the suspected ill-conditioning of the sensitivity matrix. For bad-data reconstruction, the IEM fails as described. Modifications that saves computing time and ensures reconstruction success are presented …

Development Of 8052ah-Basic Based Single Board Computer Ii, Suping Lou

Theses

8052AH-BAISC Based Single Board Computer II ( SBC II ) is designed and developed for the application in biomedical instruments as an embedded central processing unit. SBC II offers powerful function in digital signal acquisition, storage and processing, smart on-board EPROM programming, various preipheries supporting and custom supervisor program. The techniques of design and development of SBC II includes computer aided circuits analysis and schematic, optimal design algorithms and computerized setting up SBC II prototype.

This thesis combines the analysis of SBC II circuitry, set up and operation of the complete computer aided electrical circuit design software OrCAD/SDT specifics in …

On-Line Blood Glucose Control System, Huan Zheng

Theses

A method has been developed that can monitor and control the meal initiation of rats. The goal of studying meal initiation is to find a mechanism of control of the diet, based upon the assumption that the body weight is closely related to feeding behavior. If the feeding behavior can be controlled, then the body weight can be controlled. The experimental system has two major functions: (1) Continuous measurement and recording of the blood glucose concentration and meal pattern of rats. (2) Automatic or manual infusing of glucose or other substances to the rats intravenously.

For blood glucose concentration and …

On Conventional And Harmonic Load Flow Analysis, Ranjit B. Pradhan

Theses

In conventional power flow analysis, simultaneous linear equations numbering in thousands must be solved repeatedly and in many instances on-line. Luckily the matrix of coefficients of these equations is sparse with a few elements in each row. Therefore for a faster solution and to save computer memory, sparsity must be exploited and an optimal ordering of the equations must be sought. When considering harmonics, the number of the simultaneous equations to be solved is multiplied and therefore, considering sparsity and optimal ordering is doubly important.

In this thesis a software package for optimizing computation time and memory requirements through exploitation …

A 100-Khz - 22 Ghz Instrumentation Photoreceiver, Dennis J. Derickson, C. M. Miller, R. L. Van Tuyl

Electrical Engineering

A photoreceiver consisting of a high-speed p-i-n photodetector and a 100-kHz to 22-GHz distributed amplifier is described. Photoreceiver calibration is accomplished by optical heterodyne techniques. The photoreceiver is used with a microwave spectrum analyzer to produce a fully amplitude-calibrated 22-GHz-bandwidth lightwave signal analyzer system for displaying intensity-modulated light with -65-dB (optical) sensitivity at 1300-nm and 1550-nm wavelengths.

Implementing Ray Tracing Algorithm In Parallel Environment, Tjah Jadi

Dissertations and Theses

Ray tracing is a very popular rendering algorithm in the field of computer graphics because it can generate highly-realistic images from three-dimensional models. Unfortunately, the computational cost is very expensive. To speed up the rendering process we present both static and dynamic scheduling (balancing) strategies for a multiprocessor system. Hence, the load balancing among the processors is the most important problem in parallel processing. The implementation of the algorithm is based on a modified octree structure.

Dc-Excited Cw Co₂ Metal Waveguide Laser, Fahad Saleh Al-Mashaabi

Dissertations and Theses

A novel design for a DC excited cw CO₂ metal waveguide laser has been developed in which a slotted hollow-cathode in a transverse discharge also doubles as a metal waveguide. This design has been implemented in a compact design that produces up to 1 watt of cw, 10.6 μm radiation. The discharge characteristics, laser gain and laser output has been studied as functions of various discharge parameters. The advantages of the new transverse discharge of the slotted hollow cathode geometry include low voltage, positive impedence and high optical gain. Overall efficiency is comparable with those of conventional longitudinal CO …

Digital Optical Iterative Pattern Recognizer, Samuel Peter Kozaitis, C. S. Kischuk

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications

An optical pattern recognizer which classifies an input sequence into one of two classes is described. The language of regular expressions is used to identify a set of input sequences to be recognized. The system is realized without memory elements by using an optical iterative array it with the method of symbolic substitution. The hardware must be able to implement arbitrary and multiple substitution rules for the general design of a pattern recognizer. © 1988 SPIE

Birefringent Light Scattering In Electrooptic Plzt Ceramics, Mark David Ivey

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

A study of visible light scattering in thin plates of ceramic PLZT is presented. A scattering model is developed on the basis of multiple refraction from randomly oriented walls in a birefringent medium. The results of this model are compared to measurements of longitudinal-mode light scattering from thin (250 - 650µm) PLZT plates of three different ceramic compositions. The observed light scattering by these ceramics is attributed to two mechanisms which are linked to field-induced ferroelectric anisotropies. The first, referred to by this study as "uncorrelated birefringence," corresponds to the independently-random changes in the index ellipsoid known to occur at …

Investigation Of Accuracy Limitations Of The Ionospheric Plasma Frequency Probe And Recommendations For A New Instrument, Mark Duane Jensen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A unique wide-range voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) has been part of the plasma frequency probe (PFP) for many years. The uniqueness of this VCO is how it is tuned with an electronic tuneable inductor in conjunction with a varactor diode. Though the PFP has been utilized successfully for rocketborne ionospheric electron density measurements, fine resolution data was limited by strange frequency jumps (approximately 5 percent uncertainty in electron density) which have appeared in flight results. This thesis examines the cause of some of these jumps, and shows they are instrument related and more particularly caused by the ferrite tank inductor core …

Spectral Behavior And Pulse Train Instabilities Of A Synchronously Pumped Mode-Locked Dye Laser, Duncan Leo Macfarlane, Lee W. Casperson, Anthony A. Tovar

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The pulse-train envelope of a synchronously pumped mode-locked dye laser has been experimentally studied as a function of cavity length detuning. When a bandwidth-limiting birefringent tuning filter is included and the cavity is adjusted to the length that yields optimally short (˜2-psec) pulse, there is a slow (≤800 kHz), erratic amplitude modulation that provides a 20% variation in pulse energies. As the cavity length is detuned on the order of one part in 10⁴, the modulation vanishes, but the individual pulse lengths increade dramtically. Further detuning results in a clean periodic envelope with a 20% modulation depth and a˜5-μsec period. …

Spontaneous Coherent Pulsations In Standing-Wave Laser Oscillators, Lee W. Casperson

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Spontaneous pulsation phenomena in xenon lasers are now well known, and related effects have been observed with other laser types. Most theoretical analyses of such pulsations are formulated for unidirectional ring lasers, whereas most experiments involve standing-wave resonator geometries. Described here are rigorous semiclassical models governing the spontaneous pulsation instability in standing-wave laser oscillators. The standing-wave results are more complex and closer to experimental observations than the ring results for operation in the Lambdip region near line center.

General Analysis And Optimization Of The Four-Detector Photopolarimeter, R. M.A. Azzam, I. M. Elminyawi, A. M. El-Saba

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

The four-detector photopolarimeter (FDP) is analyzed for an arbitrary spatial configuration and any reflection characteristics (r_i, ψ_i, Δ_i) of the first three detectors. The instrument matrix A, which relates the output signal vector I to the input Stokes vector S by I = AS, and its determinant are derived explicitly. The essential condition that A be nonsingular (det A ≠ 0) is satisfied in general with uncoated absorbing detector surfaces, assuming that the plane of incidence (POI) is rotated between successive reflections by other than 90°. Therefore no special coatings on …