Engineering Commons^™

A Common-Mode Current Measurement Technique For Emi Performance Evaluation Of Pcb Structures, Xiaoning Ye, David M. Hockanson, James L. Drewniak

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

An experimental technique that measures the common-mode current on a cable attached to a DUT for assessing EMI performance is introduced herein. The technique was applied to evaluate the EMI performance of a module-on-backplane configuration with different connectors and different connector pin-outs.

Emi Resulting From A Signal Via Transition Through Dc Power Bus-Effectiveness Of Focal Smt Decoupling, Wei Cui, Xiaoning Ye, Bruce Archambeault, Doug White, Min Li, James L. Drewniak

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Signal vias are commonly used in multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) design. For a signal via transitioning through the internal power and ground planes, the return current has to jump from one reference plane to another reference plane. The discontinuity of the return current at the via excites the power and ground planes, and results in power bus noise, and can produce an EMI problem as well. Numerical methods, such as finite-difference time-domain (FDTD), moment methods (MoM), and partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC), were employed herein to study this problem. The modeled results were supported by the measurements. In addition, …

Dc Power Bus Modeling In High-Speed Digital Designs Including Conductor And Dielectric Losses, Jun Fan, Hao Shi, James L. Knighten, James L. Drewniak

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Power bus design is a critical aspect in high-speed digital circuit designs. A circuit extraction approach based on a mixed-potential integral equation formulation is presented herein to model arbitrary multilayer power bus structures including vertical discontinuities associated with surface mount (SMT) decoupling capacitor interconnects. Both conductor and dielectric losses are incorporated, and included into the first principles formulation. The agreement of modeling and measurements demonstrates its effectiveness and utilization in power bus designs.

Maintenance Registers With Boundary Scan Interface, Shianling Wu, Ramesh Karri, Charles Eugene Stroud

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Patents

Concurrent Fault Detector Circuits (CFDCs) are test components of a main system, e.g. an Application Specific Integrated Circuit, and provide the results of the tests in parallel to at least one Error Source Register (ESR). Instead of reading out the ESR in parallel, its contents are copied to a serial shadow register so the contents can be read out in series to an error correcting application, thus reducing the number of output pins and the burden on resources of the main system. The ESR's receipt and transfer of information is under the control of a Boundary Scan Interface. In one …

Steady State Operating Characteristics Of Hybrid Loaded Resonant Power Converter, Taufik

Electrical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Bulk Micromachining Of Silicon For Moems Prototype, Sung-Dong Suh

Doctoral Dissertations

In this dissertation, the optical application of silicon micromachining technology was investigated in order to create the three-dimensional microstructures that can be used as the components for the MOEMS prototype. These microstructures were designed and fabricated by utilizing corner compensation techniques and silicon bulk micromachining technologies. The fabricated microstructures are silicon mirror arrays that have a 1250 μm etch depth and through-holes across the OE-MCM substrate that has sixteen-fan-out OCDN on front side and a 1mm thickness.

Guided-wave OCDN on MCMs are designed and fabricated to meet the high-speed clocking requirements of next-generation digital systems through a realization of superior …

Kinetics Of Laser Chemical Vapor Deposition Of Carbon And Refractory Metals, Feng Gao

Doctoral Dissertations

Three-dimensional laser chemical vapor deposition (3D-LCVD) has been used to grow rods of carbon, tungsten, titanium, and hafnium from a variety of hydrocarbons and metal halide-based precursors. A novel computerized 3D-LCVD system was designed and successfully used in the experiments. A focused Nd:Yag laser beam (λ = 1.06 μm) was utilized to locally heat up a substrate to deposition temperature. The rods, which grew along the axis of the laser beam, had a typical diameter of 30–80 μm and a length of about 1 mm. The precursors for carbon deposition were the alkynes: propyne, butyne, pentyne, hexyne, and octyne. Propyne …

Cramer-Rao Bound And Optimal Amplitude Estimator Of Superimposed Sinusoidal Signals With Unknown Frequencies, Shaohui Jia

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation addresses optimally estimating the amplitudes of superimposed sinusoidal signals with unknown frequencies. The Cramer-Rao Bound of estimating the amplitudes in white Gaussian noise is given, and the maximum likelihood estimator of the amplitudes in this case is shown to be asymptotically efficient at high signal to noise ratio but finite sample size. Applying the theoretical results to signal resolutions, it is shown that the optimal resolution of multiple signals using a finite sample is given by the maximum likelihood estimator of the amplitudes of signals.

Efficient Algorithms And Implementations For Signal Processing, Changbai Xiao

Doctoral Dissertations

A scheme is presented to regain a finite number of lost samples from a Nyquist-rate-sampled band-limited signal f of finite energy by replenishing new sample values of the same number. The result can also be viewed as the solution to a special non-uniform sampling problem.

A scheme is also presented to recover a band-limited function f of finite energy from its sampling values on real sequences with an accumulation point. The result given here can also be viewed as an approach to the extrapolation problem of determination a band-limited function in terms of its given values on a finite interval. …

A Cmos Chaotic Oscillator, Boonsin Chansilp

Masters Theses

A chaotic oscillator may be used as the basic component of an associative memory (AM). An AM is capable of pattern separation and noise reduction. Chua's circuit is a widely used chaotic oscillator. This circuit consists of a nonlinear resistor, two capacitors, an inductor and a resistor. A discrete implementation of Chua's circuit may be built using operational amplifiers, resistors, diodes, or discrete bipolar transistors. CMOS integrated circuit technology provides the opportunity for a compact implementation which enables construction of systems requiring a large number of oscillators. This thesis develops an integrated circuit design based on previous work performed by …

Unmanned Research Vehicle (Urv): Development, Implementation, & Flight Test Of A Mimo Digital Flight Control System Designed Using Quantitative Feedback Theory, Constantine H. Houpis, Steven J. Rasmussen

Faculty Publications

The Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT) design technique, which has the ability to bridge the gap between theory and the real-world control design problem, is utilized in the design of a MIMO digital flight control system for an unmanned research vehicle (URV) that is presented in this paper. The design illustrates how the real-world knowledge of the plant to be controlled and the desired performance specifications can be utilized in trying to achieve a successful robust design for a nonlinear control problem. This paper presents some of the issues involved in developing, implementing, and flight testing a flight control system (FCS) …

Nanofabrication Using Coulomb Crystals: Giving Shape To The Semiconductor Technology Roadmap, S. Bandyopedhyay, P. F. Williams

P. F. (Paul Frazer) Williams Publications

In 1959, Richard Feynman delivered a lecture with the title, “There is Plenty of Room at the Bottom.” The audience was attendees of the American Physical Society meeting at Caltech. What Feynman, a great seer, talked about was using progressively smaller structures for useful purposes such as storing bits of information.
He even offered a $1,000 (US) prize for anyone who could take the information on the page of a book and put in an area 1/25,000 times smaller in linear scale. In 1986, 26 years after Feynman offered the prize, it was won by a Stanford University graduate student. …

Theory Of Sic Schottky Barrier Conduction And Model Analysis For Diode Breakdown With And Without Screw Dislocations, Lifeng Zheng

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Silicon Carbide is a very promising candidate for applications in high-power, high-temperature, and high-radiation conditions under which conventional semiconductors cannot perform adequately. However, the SiC processing technology has not yet reached maturity. There is also limited knowledge of its physical and chemical characteristics, and its device behavior is not well understood. The aim of this thesis is to analyze two specific problems in the SiC area. The first issue involves the large discrepancy between experimental I - V characteristics of SiC Schottky diodes and their theoretical values. The observed data, especially at low voltages, is found to be orders of …

Application Of Linear Matrix Inequalities In The Control Of Smart Structural Systems, Sridhar Sana, Vittal S. Rao

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Natural frequency variations, unmodeled dynamics and control input constraints are some of the major problems in the design of controllers in smart structural systems. The performance and robustness of the closed-loop system are often constrained by the limited actuation force available from Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) actuators. Hence, it is desirable to design controllers to maximize the performance and robustness without violating the control input constraints. In this paper, we give a methodology for designing output feedback robust controllers for smart structural systems using Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs). A procedure is developed to incorporate the real parameter uncertainty resulting from …

Pulsed Optoacoustics In Solids, Zibiao Wei

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Optoacoustic techniques are widely used to probe and characterize target materials including solids, liquids and gases. Included in such applications are diagnoses of thin films and semiconductor materials. The need to obtain greater spatial resolution requires the generation of shorter optoacoustic pulses. For such pulses, non-thermal effects may be quite important. On the other hand, even when an optoacoustic pulse is generated by an initially non-thermal technique, the thermal aspects become important in its evolution and propagation. The research undertaken in this Ph.D. dissertation included the generation and detection of optoacoustic signals through the thermal elastic mechanism. Several applications in …

Decision Not To Build A Nuclear-Waste Incinerator: What Goes Up In Smoke?, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article explores the political psychology of a decision not to build a nuclear-waste incinerator in the United States.

Separation Of Infrasound Signals Using Independent Component Analysis, Fredric M. Ham, Sungin Park, Joseph C. Wheeler

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications

An important element of monitoring compliance of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) is an infrasound network. For reliable monitoring, it is important to distinguish between nuclear explosions and other sources of infrasound. This will require signal (event) classification after a detection is made. We have demonstrated the feasibility of using neural networks to classify various infrasonic events. However, classification of these events can be made more reliably with enhanced quality of the recorded infrasonic signals. One means of improving the quality of the infrasound signals is to remove background noise. This can be carried out by performing signal separation using …

Adaptive Handoff Algorithms Based On Self-Organizing Neural Networks To Enhance The Quality Of Service Of Nonstationary Traffic In Hierarchical Cellular Networks, William S. Hortos

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications

Third-generation (3G) wireless networks, based on a hierarchical cellular structure (HCS), support tiered levels of multimedia services. These services can be categorized as real-time and delay-sensitive, or non-real-time and delay-insensitive. Each call carries demand for one or more services in parallel; each with a guaranteed quality of service (QoS). Roaming is handled by handoff procedures between base stations (BSs) and the mobile subscribers (MSs) within the network. Metrics such as the probabilities of handoff failure, dropped calls and blocked calls; handoff transition time; and handoff rate are used to evaluate the handoff schemes, which also directly affect QoS. Previous researchers …

Profiling The Performance Of Tcp/Ip On Windows Nt, P. Xie, M. Liu, J. Harris, C. Scheiman

Electrical Engineering

This paper presents detailed network performance measurements of a prototype implementation of the TCP/IP network software on Windows NT. The measurements include latency, throughput, and CPU utilization of the protocol stack and for some key operations within the stack

A Conformal Finite Difference Time Domain (Cfdtd) Algorithm For Modeling Perfectly Conducting Objects, Wenhua Yu, Raj Mittra, Dean Arakaki, Douglas H. Werner

Electrical Engineering

In this paper, the authors present a new and robust conformal Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) algorithm for the accurate modeling of perfectly conducting objects with curved surfaces and edges. We illustrate the application of this approach by analyzing a number of representative antenna and cavity problems. These include a quarter wave monopole mounted on a perfectly conducting elliptic disk, a circular patch antenna, and a cylindrical cavity. We validate the me~od by comparing the results for the pattern, impedance and resonant frequency, etc., with those derived by using other techniques.

A Technique For Analyzing Radiation From Conformal Antennas Mounted On Arbitrarily-Shaped Conducting Bodies, Dean Arakaki, Douglas H. Werner, Raj Mittra

Electrical Engineering

This paper presents an efficient method to solve the problem of radiation from conformal aperture and microstrip antennas mounted on arbitrarily-shaped conducting bodies. The method, based on the surface equivalence and reciprocity principles, uses a combination of the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) and Method of Moments (MoM) techniques to substantially improve the computational efficiency of the radiation pattern calculation. When the geometry and location of the radiating element are modified, only a small portion of the overall analysis requires re-simulation. This leads to a significant improvement in computational efficiency over presently-used techniques, and can substantially improve design efficiency when …

Evaluation Of Infrared And Millimeter-Wave Imaging Technologies Applied To Traffic Management, C. Arthur Maccarley, Brian M. Hemme, Lawrence Klein

Electrical Engineering

This paper reviews the findings of a study commissioned by the California Department of Transportation to evaluate the potential of infrared and passive millimeter-wave imaging technologies for traffic surveillance and automated detection. Images formed from radiation at infrared and millimeter wavelengths are characterized by fundamentally different information compared with visible-spectrum images, and generally improved ability to penetrate obscured atmospheres such as fog or dust.

Ten examples of commercially available infrared (IR) imaging technologies and one experimental passive millimeter-wave (MMW) radiometric imaging apparatus were evaluated with respect to the specific requirements of highway monitoring and traffic management. A suite of traffic …

Emi Model Validation And Standard Challenge Problems, Bruce Archambeault, James L. Drewniak

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A joint effort of the IEEE/EMC Society TC-9 Committee and the Applied Computational Electromagnetic Society (ACES) resulted in a central web location for contributors who will provide model and measurement data to share and compare with others. In addition to the data repository, a set of standard challenge problems have been proposed over the past few years, and are located at the web site. The site will be carefully monitored by a review committee to insure only high-quality information is posted on the site.

Power Self-Regulation In Double-Pass High-Gain Laser Amplifiers, Lee W. Casperson, Janet M. Casperson

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Double-pass laser amplifiers can provide automatic passive regulation of the power in an optical signal. This regulation can significantly reduce the amplitude noise on a laser beam that is intended as a continuous wave light source. Analytic expressions are derived to describe the optical-noise-reduction region of double-pass amplifier operation and the dependence of the self-regulation properties on gain, saturation, and mirror reflectivity.

Investigation Of Ge2Te2Sb5 Chalcogenide Thin Film For Use As An Analog Memory, Travis F. Blake

Theses and Dissertations

This work investigates the feasibility of using Ge₂Te₂Sb₅ chalcogenide films for analog memory. Thick film chalcogenide memory devices provided by Ovonyx, Inc. are characterized to determine how well the devices meet the repeatability, stability and predictability criteria needed to accurately store analog data values. Chalcogenide memory devices take advantage of the phase-shifting nature of chalcogenide materials to store the analog data as a resistance level. An automated test system was developed to characterize the material and the prototype devices with the goal to determine the 1) non-destructive readability of the device at different resistance values; …

Design And Validation Of An Accurate Gps Signal And Receiver Truth Model For Comparing Advanced Receiver Processing Techniques, Phillip Martin Corbell

Theses and Dissertations

Recent increases in the computational power of computers and digital signal processors have made possible new, novel signal tracking techniques in GPS receivers. One such technique is known as Direct Correlators Output Processing (DCOP). This technique replaces individual traditional tracking loops with a single Kalman Filter, which jointly processes the received signals while exploiting their correlated noises. DCOP is innovative in its potential to replace the tried and true classical signal tracking loops. It is also an enabling technology for ultra-tightly coupled GPS/INS (Global Positioning System/Inertial Navigation System). Potential benefits of these new tracking techniques include an order-of-magnitude improvement in …

Development Of A Real Time Guidance System For A Kinematic Test Vehicle, Orhan Cekic

Theses and Dissertations

Differential carrier phase GPS measurements are capable of giving centimeter-level accuracies. These accuracies have many potential applications for safety and control of various types of vehicles. For this research, a real-time guidance system is developed. The real-time guidance system can be divided into two components: hardware and software. The hardware component consists of two GPS receivers (one base, one mobile), two wireless 115 Kbaud transceivers, and two laptop computers. One computer is for the reference station and other is for the mobile receiver interface and graphical display. The guided vehicle is a golf car called the Remote Sensing Autonomous Vehicle …

Realtime Color Stereovision Processing, Byron P. Formwalt

Theses and Dissertations

Recent developments in aviation have made micro air vehicles (MAVs) a reality. These featherweight palm-sized radio-controlled flying saucers embody the future of air-to-ground combat. No one has ever successfully implemented an autonomous control system for MAVs. Because MAVs are physically small with limited energy supplies, video signals offer superiority over radar for navigational applications. This research takes a step forward in real time machine vision processing. It investigates techniques for implementing a real time stereovision processing system using two miniature color cameras. The effects of poor-quality optics are overcome by a robust algorithm, which operates in real time and achieves …

Effects Of Jamming On Radars, Ahmet Okuyucu

Theses and Dissertations

Although jamming of radars has been in vogue for nearly 50 years there appears to be no comprehensive report on the subject matter. The purpose of this research is to fill this gap. The methodology consisted of analysis, simulation, and where feasible experimental demonstrations. Experimental equipment consisted of a digital noise generator whose output was used to modulate a high frequency carrier in various fashions. The modulated output was fed into a very sensitive super-heterodyne receiver whose Intermediate frequency (IF) bandwidth could be varied from tens of Hz to mega Hz range. The detected output was displayed on a sampling …

Investigation Of Conformal High-Impedance Ground Planes, Michael A. Saville

Theses and Dissertations

Applique antennas are a long range vision for military vehicles because they are lighter, quicker to replace, less expensive, and can have better performance than conventional antennas. Two newly reported high-impedance ground planes have potential to begin the realization of the applique antenna vision and each is investigated for use with thin conformal antenna structures. Bistatic reflection measurements completely characterize the high-impedance region of planar, thumbtack high-impedance ground planes, and periodic moment method models validate the measurement results. Rigorous planar and conformal surface wave coupling measurements clarity the reported photonic band gap behavior of the thumbtack high-impedance ground plane, and …