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Articles 9121 - 9150 of 36597

Full-Text Articles in Art and Design

Framing Resilience In Public Transportation Systems, Inspired By Biomimicry, Garoa Gomez Beldarrain, Camilo Andrés Carvajal Ortega, Alisha Baan, Euiyoung Kim Jun 2022

Framing Resilience In Public Transportation Systems, Inspired By Biomimicry, Garoa Gomez Beldarrain, Camilo Andrés Carvajal Ortega, Alisha Baan, Euiyoung Kim

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Resilience is a concept that describes the capability to be restored after unprecedented events, originally emerged from biology and human sciences. This paper aims to explore what a resilient public transportation system is and how nature’s wisdom can be used as an inspiration for the creation of resilience in the area of mobility, by linking public transportation systems, biomimicry and resilience together. To this end, qualitative co-creative workshops were conducted with eleven domain experts from public transportation, biomimicry, and biology. The experts addressed several factors contributing to resilience in public transport that could be categorized into four aggregated dimensions: resilience …

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Designing And Worlding: Prototyping Equivocal Encounters, Pablo Hermansen, Martín Tironi Jun 2022

Designing And Worlding: Prototyping Equivocal Encounters, Pablo Hermansen, Martín Tironi

DRS Biennial Conference Series

To sustainably coexist with other ontologies, human beings must overcome the perception of being the center of the world. This article describes how a video log refuted the initial – anthropocentric – hypothesis explaining the breakdown of an experiment with Judy and Gombe, chimpanzees that inhabit the National Zoo of Chile. This shows that it is wrong to ascribe human affects and reactions to other ontologies, and also that there is a long way to go to apprehend, comprehend, and sustainable coexist with other ontologies in more-than-human ecosystems.

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Narrating Ecological Grief And Hope Through Reproduction And Translations, Li Jönsson, Kristina Lindström Jun 2022

Narrating Ecological Grief And Hope Through Reproduction And Translations, Li Jönsson, Kristina Lindström

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The Swedish government has decided that Sweden will become carbon neutral by 2045. What are the implications for us as citizens in such a transition? What formats allow us to favour careful transformation over progress through radical innovation? In this paper, we attempt to understand grief and hope in the context of this transition. We describe a designerly format of re-production and translation aimed at collectively working through potential future changes, uncertainties and loss. Influenced by plaster moulding techniques used at a closed-down pottery, we invite participants to reproduce and translate original animal and plant motifs into present circumstances. These …

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Internship As A Child: What Designers Can Learn Through Play With Children, Karen Feder Jun 2022

Internship As A Child: What Designers Can Learn Through Play With Children, Karen Feder

DRS Biennial Conference Series

When designing for children’s play, designers need to understand the people and the context for which they are designing. This paper studies what designers can learn through play when completing an internship as a child, meaning spending time with children in their everyday lives without a predefined agenda. The data material involves reflective letters written by former design students who participated in an internship four years ago, as part of a Master’s course in child-centred design for play. The analysis of the letters shows how designers learn about play, children, designers, the method, and reflection when doing an in-ternship as …

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Artifacts In The Co-Production Of Knowledge In Social Design, Eva Knutz, Thomas Markussen Jun 2022

Artifacts In The Co-Production Of Knowledge In Social Design, Eva Knutz, Thomas Markussen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Abstract: Social Design Research is a design and research approach that is charac-terised by an attempt to make a difference for marginalized, underprivileged or vulnerable groups in society through participatory processes and the use of knowledge artifacts. This article demonstrates how knowledge is generated co-productively and shows the interplay between different types of tacit or explicit forms of knowledge and models the knowledge exchange between design re-searchers, practitioners and the participating citizens.

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Development Of Eco-Friendly Bubble Tea Take-Away Cups, Shun-Yuan Cheng, Meng-Dar Shieh Jun 2022

Development Of Eco-Friendly Bubble Tea Take-Away Cups, Shun-Yuan Cheng, Meng-Dar Shieh

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The plastic straws negative impact on marine life has led to increasingly strict legislation. In-deed, plastic straws will be banned by 2030 in Taiwan, where three billion non-biodegradable plastic straws are consumed every year. We propose an innovative design for an eco-friendly take-away cup with a focus on the functionality required for bubble tea. The design process was based on scenario analysis using the black box approach and direct observation of the suppliers, retailers, and consumers of bubble tea. The proposed design comprises a removable lid and four different types of filters. Using morphological charts, we made mock-ups of the …

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Biosensor Measures Of Human Emotion, Brodie Kershaw, Stuart Favilla, David Sly Jun 2022

Biosensor Measures Of Human Emotion, Brodie Kershaw, Stuart Favilla, David Sly

DRS Biennial Conference Series

There is clear potential for consumer-grade wearable biosensors in future emotional state research because they are cheap, portable, and accessible. In this study, biosensor measures of valence and arousal, calculated from Electroencephalography and Apple Watch were correlated with self-reported valence and arousal measured by the EmojiGrid. We establish requirements for the use of biosensors, specifically the Muse 2 and Apple Watch in future emotion research applications and passive real-time analysis of participant emotional states. When compared to the IAPS & OxVoc, mean dataset valence and arousal values for visual and auditory stimuli, the EmojiGrid recorded significant correlations for valence but …

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Can Ritual Experience Be The Jam To Stick Consumers And Service Provider? The Case Study Of Ritual Experience In Disney Experience As Service Design Application, Derrick Yang, Tseng-Ping Chiu, Min-Yuan Ma Jun 2022

Can Ritual Experience Be The Jam To Stick Consumers And Service Provider? The Case Study Of Ritual Experience In Disney Experience As Service Design Application, Derrick Yang, Tseng-Ping Chiu, Min-Yuan Ma

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Service design has dominated the marketing strategies in recent years. This study proposes a conventional ritual sandwich model that explores the ritual patterns hidden in service and the intermediate interaction between consumer and industry, enhancing user engagement and long-term recurring consumption. The study took Disneyland as an example and extracted the interaction model between consumers and industry, further interviewed for preliminary verification, found out that the core value of ritual experience is generating unique meaning to consumers through experience the script provided by the service provider, further transform to the internal trigger and participatory motivation into the next cycle. Hoped …

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Three Degrees Of Influence In Virtual Workshops: Towards An Understanding Of Co-Creative Facilitation Practice In Technologically Mediated Settings, Ollie Hemstock, Mark Bailey, Nick Spencer, Helen Simmons, Sophie Coombs, Justine Carrion-Weiss, Charles Richardson Jun 2022

Three Degrees Of Influence In Virtual Workshops: Towards An Understanding Of Co-Creative Facilitation Practice In Technologically Mediated Settings, Ollie Hemstock, Mark Bailey, Nick Spencer, Helen Simmons, Sophie Coombs, Justine Carrion-Weiss, Charles Richardson

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Virtual workshops look here to stay, however much of the recent discourse focuses on methods, tools, techniques and routines in abstraction from practice and practitioner. Collaborations in virtual space are necessarily changed and shaped by their technologically mediated nature. Therefore, it is imperative to enter into reflective dialogue to effectively develop future participatory and co-creative design practice in virtual settings. Several significant phenomena, occurring within virtual workshops, have been identified through focused co-reflection by expert facilitators. Duality is used as a rhetorical device to explore these phenomena as complex elements that are expressions of dynamic and intertwined influences within the …

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Co-Design As Healing: A Multi-Level Analysis Based On A Project With People Facing Mental Health Problems, Erika Renedo-Illarregi, Katerina Alexiou, Theodore Zamenopoulos Jun 2022

Co-Design As Healing: A Multi-Level Analysis Based On A Project With People Facing Mental Health Problems, Erika Renedo-Illarregi, Katerina Alexiou, Theodore Zamenopoulos

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The present paper explores the notion of co-design as healing by focusing on a project with participants facing mental health problems, who met once a week, guided by open design processes. Reflecting on semi-structured interview data, as well as relevant literature from different disciplines, the paper offers a conceptual framing of how co-design can be considered as a healing practice, at a systems, social and individual level. At a systems level, co-design allows working with complexity, and approaching mental health problems holistically. At a social level, co-design empowers collectives to negotiate what realities to change and how. At an individual …

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Systematic Review Of Community-Led Initiatives Fighting The Opioid Crisis And Opportunities For Design, Sebastian Ramirez-Loaiza, Claudia Rebola Jun 2022

Systematic Review Of Community-Led Initiatives Fighting The Opioid Crisis And Opportunities For Design, Sebastian Ramirez-Loaiza, Claudia Rebola

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The opioid epidemic has been declared a health emergency in the US. This crisis has been addressed from multiple perspectives and by different stakeholders, like communities that have participated in self-organizing and mobilizing to fight back the crisis from a bottom-up approach. Community-led initiatives have been fundamental in tackling the opioid epidemic with education, service linkage, and distributing Naloxone, an overdose-reversing medicine. They are also the perfect space for social innovation because they can strengthen social relationships, however, little has been written about the role of Design in these organizations. The purpose of this paper is to conduct a systematic …

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Ideasquares: Utilizing Generative Text As A Source Of Design Inspiration, Gyeongwon Yun, Kwangmin Cho, Yunwoo Jeong, Tek-Jin Nam Jun 2022

Ideasquares: Utilizing Generative Text As A Source Of Design Inspiration, Gyeongwon Yun, Kwangmin Cho, Yunwoo Jeong, Tek-Jin Nam

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Online searching tools are used for early design ideation. However, they tend to limit designers’ creativity due to direct visual feedback and lack of novelty. We pre-sent IdeaSquares, a design concept text generation tool for supporting the ideation process. We used text-generation artificial intelligence (AI) that was fine-tuned on the Red Dot design award winners’ data to show newly generated design examples as search results. To understand how young designers use concept text generation tool for the design ideation, we conducted a comparative user study where partici-pants used two versions, generative querying and conventional searching mode, of the tools during …

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Activity Theory As A Framework For Understanding Framing Complexity Of Design Projects, Virginie Tessier, Mithra Zahedi Jun 2022

Activity Theory As A Framework For Understanding Framing Complexity Of Design Projects, Virginie Tessier, Mithra Zahedi

DRS Biennial Conference Series

With the growing complexity of design projects, framing is expanding in scope. We question how to describe and analyse the varied elements contributing to framing and aim at better understanding the complexity of framing design projects through activity awareness. Activity theory was mobilized as a Research through Design framework in a team of students to find answers to the question. First, the team mapped and reflected upon their project’s process over fifteen weeks. They then participated in the analysis of the collected data highlighting the contextual tensions of their experience. Their interpretation unveils the tensions emerging between the project’s central …

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Designing Menstruation: An Examination Into The Influence Of Experiences On The Use Of Menstrual Products, Ihsan Kamil, Muireann Mcmahon Jun 2022

Designing Menstruation: An Examination Into The Influence Of Experiences On The Use Of Menstrual Products, Ihsan Kamil, Muireann Mcmahon

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This study examines the experiences of eight menstruators and the impact these experiences have had on their attitudes towards menstruation and menstrual products. Participants engaged in a virtual workshop and discussed their personal experiences, both positive and negative, their opinions on various menstrual products, and the impact their experiences had on their attitudes towards menstruation and menstrual products. The findings from this study were thematically coded, and the influence of experiences on product choices was subsequently discussed. The varying needs of participants were also highlighted and discussed. Additionally, this study has identified that existing menstrual products do not meet all …

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Play At Work: Virtual Conferencing In Game Space, Zach Mason, Paul Coulton, David Green, Joseph Lindley Jun 2022

Play At Work: Virtual Conferencing In Game Space, Zach Mason, Paul Coulton, David Green, Joseph Lindley

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The Covid-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of video conferencing, making it a prominent space that our work and social lives are lived within. For many this transition to virtual co-presence has been joyless, highlighting the shortcomings of mainstream video conferencing. In contrast the video gaming community had already pleasurably adopted and occupied online shared spaces for decades prior to the pandemic. In this paper we discuss the designed affordances of the video conferencing platform Gather Town, which adapts some of the conventions of video games and implements them to better support video conferencing. In this research we consider whether gaming …

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Mediating The Needs Of Human And Natural Nonhuman Stakeholders: Towards A Design Methodological Framework, Emilija Veselova, Idil Gaziulusoy, Julia Lohmann Jun 2022

Mediating The Needs Of Human And Natural Nonhuman Stakeholders: Towards A Design Methodological Framework, Emilija Veselova, Idil Gaziulusoy, Julia Lohmann

DRS Biennial Conference Series

More-than-human approaches to design are one of the ways in which the design community is rethinking itself in the face of sustainability challenges. These approaches most often decenter humans from being the sole focus, stakeholder, or actant in design processes. However, currently, there is a shortage of more-than-human methods and tools that would be applicable in day-to-day design practice. In this paper, we, as one of the academic partners in a transdisciplinary consortium project, report results from our preliminary work and early insights towards developing a design methodological framework that would support the mediation of human and nonhuman needs in …

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Intertwining Material Science And Textile Thinking: Aspects Of Contrast And Collaboration, Emmi Pouta, Riia Vidgren, Jaana Vapaavuori, Mithila Mohan Jun 2022

Intertwining Material Science And Textile Thinking: Aspects Of Contrast And Collaboration, Emmi Pouta, Riia Vidgren, Jaana Vapaavuori, Mithila Mohan

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The current research of eTextiles tends to focus on integrating new functionalities into textile structures in a technology-driven manner. Meanwhile, we approach the development of eTextiles through utilizing interdisciplinary practice-based materials research for creating new types of textile-integrated actuators. Our study aims to shed light on how interdisciplinarity and especially the interphase between scientific thinking and practice-based research can create added value both through contrasts and mutual alignments. Based on interviews of researchers working in that intersection, we have identified some key factors concerning specifically the eTextile environment: differences in ways of thinking, intertwining concepts, common practices, and the need …

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Textile Thinking In Practice: Creative Textile Design Methods As Research In A Circular Economy, Laetitia Forst Jun 2022

Textile Thinking In Practice: Creative Textile Design Methods As Research In A Circular Economy, Laetitia Forst

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper presents a new analysis of practice research work exploring Textile Design for Disassembly as a design for recyclability strategy. It suggests a response to challenges relating to blends in the context of a circular textile economy. This paper highlights the potential for qualitative and creative textile design methods to produce research insights. Three textile design methods: the mood board, textile sampling, and garment prototyping, are reviewed in terms of their contribution to research. The methods are used to frame the problem space, develop a range of solutions, and test these in concepts that can materialise future fashion systems. …

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Museum And Exhibit Design: How Forms And Places Of Knowledge Exchange Influence Community Participation And Empowerment, Sophie Nakashima, Chiara Del Gaudio Jun 2022

Museum And Exhibit Design: How Forms And Places Of Knowledge Exchange Influence Community Participation And Empowerment, Sophie Nakashima, Chiara Del Gaudio

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Museums have been criticized for sharing a singular narrative that does not reflect the diverse beliefs and values of their communities. Participatory design has been recognized as an approach capable of processes that allow communities to contribute to designing museums and exhibits. However, as the participatory design processes change according to the specific situation, they can lead to a wide range of outcomes, and degrees of community participation. This paper explores how a specific element of the participatory design approach, knowledge exchange, influences the degree of community participation. Three examples of participatory design processes in museum and exhibit design are …

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The Power In Maps: Reviewing A ‘Youth Violence’ Systems Map As Discursive Intervention, Jocelyn Bailey, Lorraine Gamman Jun 2022

The Power In Maps: Reviewing A ‘Youth Violence’ Systems Map As Discursive Intervention, Jocelyn Bailey, Lorraine Gamman

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper offers a reflection on a systems mapping experiment undertaken as part of the Redesign Youth Futures project, which aimed to visualise the complex system producing youth violence in London. The paper brings together key ideas in the practice of systems thinking and mapping, with contributions from the literature on design and power, to theorise the map as an intervention in a discourse – in this case, the popular and policy discourse around youth violence. In doing so, it offers an account of how power is operant in and through such an artefact: in the embodiment of (and resistance …

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Constant Problem And Solution Space Investigation Method In A User Study Phase: Focusing On Early Elderly's Needs And Design Solutions Identification, Yedam Ryu, Kwanmyung Kim Jun 2022

Constant Problem And Solution Space Investigation Method In A User Study Phase: Focusing On Early Elderly's Needs And Design Solutions Identification, Yedam Ryu, Kwanmyung Kim

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The design thinking process also known as the problem-solving process has a unique cognitive process compared with other areas, such as natural science. During the de-sign process, the problem and solution areas are created in the designer's mind and evolve simultaneously until the process is completed. This co-evolution also occurs at the stage of a user study that is considered the stage of discovering the problem in the typical design process, such as the Double Diamond Model. However, the solution de-rived in discovering the problem stage is ignored or does not develop enough. This re-search suggests the method that can …

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Two Approaches To Foresight-Driven Design, Anna Victoria Bredtved Mountford, Bo Christensen Jun 2022

Two Approaches To Foresight-Driven Design, Anna Victoria Bredtved Mountford, Bo Christensen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

As a response to rapid and uncertain environmental change, foresight has emerged as an approach offering a future-oriented framing to design practice. Using theory on foresight, design, and change management, this paper reports a case study on how companies engage with foresight combined with design at a strategic level to become more future-oriented in their process and better prepared for taking long term action in the present. Through observations and interviews, the study follows companies participating in the development program Future Now facilitated by the Danish Design Center. We identify two distinct company approaches to foresight-driven design, involving distinct types …

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Social Commoning As A Way To Transition Towards Alternative Systems By Design, Julia Schaeper, Sumit Kothari, Gillian Hamilton Jun 2022

Social Commoning As A Way To Transition Towards Alternative Systems By Design, Julia Schaeper, Sumit Kothari, Gillian Hamilton

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Increased interest in systemic design approaches and their impact on climate and societal crises make revisiting the theories of the commons and their applicability to system transitions a timely endeavour. By examining a case study of a marine protected area in the South African ocean, the paper explores how a commoning practice could be applied more intentionally in system design to increase cooperation amongst system actors and apply a multispecies - as opposed to human-centred - perspective to the management of natural, social, and immaterial resources. By tracing the historical understandings of the commons, the study explores how Ostrom’s design …

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“What A Designer Does In A Municipality?” Different Approaches Towards Design In Three Danish Municipalities, Justyna Starostka, Amalia De Götzen Jun 2022

“What A Designer Does In A Municipality?” Different Approaches Towards Design In Three Danish Municipalities, Justyna Starostka, Amalia De Götzen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In recent years, design in the public sector has gained popularity amongst policymakers as well as among scholars. Design is perceived as a promising way to create more successful policies and public services. Out of many different approaches, design thinking (DT) has become significantly popular, as it promises to deal with wicked problems in a new way. Despite growing popularity, however, a critical reflection on benefits and challenges, as well as about different understandings of DT practices in public sector, are still lacking. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate different ways public organisations engage and introduce DT. In this paper …

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Design Beyond The Human World Of Management And Organizations: Towards A Cosmology For The Anthropocene, Emmanuel Bonnet, Diego Landivar, Alexandre Monnin, Ulises Navarro Aguiar Jun 2022

Design Beyond The Human World Of Management And Organizations: Towards A Cosmology For The Anthropocene, Emmanuel Bonnet, Diego Landivar, Alexandre Monnin, Ulises Navarro Aguiar

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In this paper, we intend to make explicit the shared ontological foundation of design and management and question them in light of the advent of the Anthropocene. To do so, we first draw these disciplines closer before qualifying their common ground as an underlying “cosmology they share”. This cosmology is characterized by the centrality of the notion of organization. We argue that design as well as design knowledge must be assessed with regards to this peculiar cosmology. We call for the need to go beyond what we call the “monism of organizations” or the “organized world”. We propose a new …

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Making Dinner In An Uncomfortable Future: Comparing Provocations As User Insight Elicitation Methods, Karin Nilsson, Sara Renström, Helena Strömberg, Sofie Groth Jun 2022

Making Dinner In An Uncomfortable Future: Comparing Provocations As User Insight Elicitation Methods, Karin Nilsson, Sara Renström, Helena Strömberg, Sofie Groth

DRS Biennial Conference Series

To aid the transition to a renewable energy future, user-centred designers need to design for a future with limits perceived as uncomfortable to users. This paper explores whether methods borrowed from critical and speculative design can elicit actionable insights to aid such designers. A comparative analysis is performed of the insights gained from two studies, using a provotype and speculative enactment respectively to situate the participants in a speculative, uncomfortable, distant future. The two methods do allow elicitation of rich and deep insights surrounding values, latent needs, and tacit knowledge, but with slightly different emphasis regarding content, temporal scope, and …

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Coming To Terms With Design Wickedness: Reflections From A Forum Theatre On Design Thinking, Carmem Saito, Bibiana Oliveira Serpa, Rafaela Angelon, Frederick Van Amstel Jun 2022

Coming To Terms With Design Wickedness: Reflections From A Forum Theatre On Design Thinking, Carmem Saito, Bibiana Oliveira Serpa, Rafaela Angelon, Frederick Van Amstel

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Contemporary design thinking is often described as a designerly approach to dealing with wicked problems – problems that are too complex and deemed impossible to fix, but that can be tamed and solved with proper design methods. Wickedness is a fundamental justification for designing things as a leap of faith or even as a kind of magic. This practice-based design research questions this justification while also opening up new understandings of wickedness. By creating a Forum Theatre session with characters inspired by the musical Wicked as allegories for different design agents/subjects in an online event, the authors engaged design spectators …

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Connecting Creative Product Design Processes To Creative Product Design Outcomes: A Scoping Review, Peiying Jian, Jin Gu, Alison Olechowski Jun 2022

Connecting Creative Product Design Processes To Creative Product Design Outcomes: A Scoping Review, Peiying Jian, Jin Gu, Alison Olechowski

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Generating repeatable guidelines for designing creative products has long been an aim of the design research community. Even so, a widely trusted or agreed-upon process has not yet emerged. As a first step toward this goal, it is important to take stock of the reported connections between creative design processes and creative design outcomes. Thus, we conducted a scoping review focusing on creative prod-uct design. Our search identified 130 papers published from 1969 to 2021. The most frequent study type was a proposal paper (n = 53). Twenty-seven of the included papers used experimental methods. When connecting the creative design …

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Project Proximities: A Meta Review Of How Design Addresses Distance In Complex Collaborations, Rosie Hornbuckle Jun 2022

Project Proximities: A Meta Review Of How Design Addresses Distance In Complex Collaborations, Rosie Hornbuckle

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Complex collaborations involving multiple disciplines and stakeholders are seen as necessary in the pursuit of transformative innovation. Yet these ‘systemic’ science & technology-led projects pose a challenge for knowledge exchange, co-creation and co-operation. Design research teams brought in, often to work on tangible outcomes, are faced with chasms between the understanding of diverse actors. From this problematization of distances in complex collaboration, a new design research practice has emerged: 'translational design practice' (Page & John 2019). This paper builds on this concept through a ‘meta’ level review of the design research approaches in three European publicly-funded consortium projects to address …

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The Junk Playground As Agora: Designing Spaces To Re-Invigorate Democratic Participation, Mathias Poulsen Jun 2022

The Junk Playground As Agora: Designing Spaces To Re-Invigorate Democratic Participation, Mathias Poulsen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In this paper, I suggest that there is an urgent need to design new spaces and possibilities for democratic participation. With inspiration from the tradition of “adventure playgrounds”, I argue that play design can contribute to expanding the participatory repertoire within deliberative democracy. Two design experi-ments are presented and discussed through the prism of self-determination the-ory and the findings point to a new understanding of democratic participation and the intrinsic, civic motivation that drives it. By shifting focus from the classi-cal deliberative ideals of rational discourse towards sensorial, open-ended explo-ration and creation, new democratic possibilities emerge. It is argued that …

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