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Full-Text Articles in Art and Design

Audiovisual Sonifications: A Design Map For Multisensory Integration In Data Representation, Valentina Caiola, Sara Lenzi, Dina Riccò Jun 2022

Audiovisual Sonifications: A Design Map For Multisensory Integration In Data Representation, Valentina Caiola, Sara Lenzi, Dina Riccò

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In the field of data sonification, the construction of meaning is hampered by the lack of shared perceptual codes derived from common modes of perception, as it happens for the visual register. In this paper, we re-organize knowledge from previous experimental projects to build the foundations of future work in data representation. This experimental investigation aims to identify patterns in the translation process from different sensory modalities. To this end, 80 audiovisual sonifications have been collected and analyzed through phenomenological analysis with the goal of recording sensory correspondences. The resulting cross-sensory design map is a visual synthesis of the analysis, …


Designers In Action: Insights And Design Opportunities For Supporting Embodied Learning In Climbing, Hakan Yılmazer, Aykut Coşkun Jun 2022

Designers In Action: Insights And Design Opportunities For Supporting Embodied Learning In Climbing, Hakan Yılmazer, Aykut Coşkun

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Action sports have been under research spotlight due to increase in research opportunities and popularity. Though previous work focused on performance and success metrics, research on mental and emotional aspects, which make up an important part of the learning experience of action sports is still lacking. By focusing on climbing and climbers’ learning experiences, we aimed to extract user insights into learning practices of sportspeople and identify design opportunities to enhance these practices. Initially we gave climbing lectures to interaction designers, as a first-hand experience of learning processes. Then we conducted co-creation sessions with climbers and designers to identify learning …


Embedding Authentic Feedback Literacy In Design Students: A New Model For Peer Assessment, Michael Edward Parker, David Parkinson Jun 2022

Embedding Authentic Feedback Literacy In Design Students: A New Model For Peer Assessment, Michael Edward Parker, David Parkinson

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Design-based subjects consistently perform poorly in relation to assessment and feedback in measures such as the National Student Survey (UK), which prompts educators to consider more effective ways of engaging design students in the assessment and feedback process. There is a growing field of research supporting the view that exercises can be designed to deliver authentic experiences and enhance student assessment and feedback literacy. Through a literature review of this emerging field, this study establishes a framework for designing a peer-assessment and feedback exercise aimed specifically at developing authentic feedback literacy in design students, through emulating real-world experiences of the …


Thinking Outside The Bag: Worker-Led Speculation And The Future Of Gig Economy Delivery Platforms, Ben Kirman, Oliver Bates, Carolynne Lord, Hayley Alter Jun 2022

Thinking Outside The Bag: Worker-Led Speculation And The Future Of Gig Economy Delivery Platforms, Ben Kirman, Oliver Bates, Carolynne Lord, Hayley Alter

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Gig economy is presented as disruptive, technologically driven, and forward think-ing. Design is explicit in this framing, through use of slick apps to reduce friction and simplify experience for customer and worker. However, this framing is often driven by the platforms, and does not fully recognize the actual experience of work. In this paper we report on a collaborative design process on developing concepts for the future of gig work from a worker-centric perspective. This explicitly does not involve the platforms as stakeholders and uses design fiction as a tool for workers to ex-press fears, joys, and the aspects of …


Storing Cultural Archives In Synthetic Dna: An Integrated Prospective Design Investigation, Emily Groves, Romain Talou, Andrea Schneider, Nicolas Henchoz Jun 2022

Storing Cultural Archives In Synthetic Dna: An Integrated Prospective Design Investigation, Emily Groves, Romain Talou, Andrea Schneider, Nicolas Henchoz

DRS Biennial Conference Series

As cultural institutions digitize their archives, they become more accessible and versatile. However, there are significant economic and environmental costs to maintaining large databases over time. Synthetic DNA is an emerging technology that can store data at high density, with almost no energy, for thousands of years. Yet, as technical advances bring DNA storage closer to everyday use, little has been done to understand how we will interact with the technology and accept it into society. We developed an integrated prospective design approach to investigate these challenges. This included participative workshops, narrative building and the design of three tangible DNA …


Crafting In The Backstage: Materiality And The Changing Work Of Designers, Natalja Laurey, Marleen Huysman, Maura Soekijad Jun 2022

Crafting In The Backstage: Materiality And The Changing Work Of Designers, Natalja Laurey, Marleen Huysman, Maura Soekijad

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Drawing on Goffman’s metaphor of frontstage and backstage, this article analyses the role of materiality in day-to-day work practices of craftspersons. The study is based on an ethnographic study of 17 months at a design firm which was amid a shift from product to service design. This means that instead of tangible products, the designers at the firm created intangible services. This shift in work practices reduced crafting to making visualizations for reports and presentations. As a response, the designers sought ways to spend more time on manually crafting in their work. In the backstage, when among trusted peers and …


Ethics Through Design, Maria Alejandra Luján Escalante, Luke Moffat, Monika Büscher Jun 2022

Ethics Through Design, Maria Alejandra Luján Escalante, Luke Moffat, Monika Büscher

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Ethics through Design (EtD) uses co-design methods to create, facilitate and nurture anticipatory capabilities for research and innovation, responsive to both society and environment. In practice, EtD problematizes both Ethics and Design. This paper draws upon ethics of technology, specifically the work of Gilbert Simondon, to formulate principles of co-design facilitation. EtD understands ethics, beyond regulation and administrative ticking-box exercises, as contextual, creative and participatory ongoing processes. EtD has been developed within Disaster and Risk Management (DRM) and Emergency Response domains, over 7 years of working in partnership with emergency response practitioners, policymakers, academics across disciplines, standardization organizations and key …


Design, One Piece Of The Puzzle: A Conceptual And Practical Perspective On Transdisciplinary Design, Mieke Van Der Bijl-Brouwer Jun 2022

Design, One Piece Of The Puzzle: A Conceptual And Practical Perspective On Transdisciplinary Design, Mieke Van Der Bijl-Brouwer

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Transdisciplinary research is claimed to be essential in tackling today’s complex societal challenges. Transdisciplinarity includes collaboration and integration across academic disciplines, non-academic ways of knowing, and the ‘real world’ of citizens, professionals and other stakeholders. Design can contribute to transdisciplinarity by framing complex challenges, integrating knowledge towards synthesizing solutions, and providing participatory practices to engage with the real world. However, for design to be successful in transdisciplinary research contexts, a better understanding of transdisciplinarity and design is required. In this paper I present a conceptual and practical perspective on transdisciplinary de-sign. I show how design relates to three different conceptions …


Fragments Of Frictions: A Route To Spatial Manoeuvres For Uplifting Wellbeing In School Environments, Ruth Stevens Jun 2022

Fragments Of Frictions: A Route To Spatial Manoeuvres For Uplifting Wellbeing In School Environments, Ruth Stevens

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In the context of design for human flourishing (DfHF), this paper reports on a two-week research-by-design-and-built project by master students in (interior) ar-chitecture. A cocktail of qualitative research experiments was executed to function as a seismograph that registered fragments of frictions in the wellbeing of K-8 pupils. This particular study firstly explains how the research cocktail was designed, based on the ethnographic, participatory and immersive methods infused by the theoretical guidelines of DfHF theory, and secondly seeks to reveal how an analysis of the well-being related results from the experiment cocktail can lead to a novel type of design problem …


Multitudes: Widening The Research Agenda For Personal Informatics Design, Emily Winter, Bran Knowles, Daniel Richards, Kim Snooks, Chris Speed Jun 2022

Multitudes: Widening The Research Agenda For Personal Informatics Design, Emily Winter, Bran Knowles, Daniel Richards, Kim Snooks, Chris Speed

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The personal informatics field claims many potential benefits for users, from self-reflection to self-improvement. However, despite this focus on the self, the personal informatics literature has given little attention to how the self is conceptualised in tool design. From a starting point that all notions of the self are socially constructed, we draw on critiques of the PI literature to track three key conceptualisations of the self that are prevalent in the personal informatics literature – the unitary self, the lacking self, and the knowable self. For each of these, we suggest a possible design space opened by embracing an …


Augmented: Design And Ethnography In/Of An Architecture, Computer Science, And Textile Research-Creative Collective, Claire Nicholas, James Forren, Derek Reilly Jun 2022

Augmented: Design And Ethnography In/Of An Architecture, Computer Science, And Textile Research-Creative Collective, Claire Nicholas, James Forren, Derek Reilly

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper introduces a multi-disciplinary research-creation project that examines the embodied and social nature of textile design and making at different structural scales – from beaded accessories to architectural components. Bringing together anthropology, architecture, computer science, and textile craft, “Gesture and Form” seeks to develop effective and ethical pedagogies for teaching design and handcraft with new materials and technologies. Specifically, the project explores the potentialities and limitations of a head-worn augmented reality (AR) system that documents, encodes, and later guides making practices. The discussion first introduces different disciplinary frameworks for understanding and researching embodied knowledge, before sketching the multi-disciplinary research …


Towards A Living Lab For Responsible Applied Ai, Maaike Harbers, Anja Overdiek Jun 2022

Towards A Living Lab For Responsible Applied Ai, Maaike Harbers, Anja Overdiek

DRS Biennial Conference Series

AI ethics research has mainly focused on high-level principles and guidelines, and technical issues. This position paper argues that more attention should go to the practical and contextual aspects of designing AI applications and explores how living labs can contribute to the ethical design, development and deployment of AI. Literature on AI ethics is discussed, and the term ‘Responsible Applied AI’ (RAAI) is introduced to refer to the ethical application of AI. Five requirements for the development of RAAI in a living lab are distinguished. Subsequently, the paper brings together literature from Open Innovation and Human Computer Interaction to examine …


Towards A Toolkit To Empower Young Autistic Adults: Using Grounded Theory To Analyze Ten Design Case Studies, Niels Van Huizen, Thijs Waardenburg, Nathalie Overdevest, Jelle Van Dijk, Wouter Staal, Mascha Van Der Voort Jun 2022

Towards A Toolkit To Empower Young Autistic Adults: Using Grounded Theory To Analyze Ten Design Case Studies, Niels Van Huizen, Thijs Waardenburg, Nathalie Overdevest, Jelle Van Dijk, Wouter Staal, Mascha Van Der Voort

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Assistive technologies (ATs) are increasingly proposed to support young autistic individuals (YAAs) in daily life. Yet, the uptake of these technologies remains limited. Most ATs are designed for and by non-autistic people, which makes them less usable for YAAs. Moreover, ATs specifically designed for YAAs are often part of formal therapy or training and typically aim to mitigate and rectify ‘problematic’ autistic behavior. In the research project Design Your Life, we are working with YAAs to develop a co-design toolkit that will help them create a personalized environment to support their independence. By now, we have completed ten design case …


Lockdown Collaboration: Partnering To Solve The Wicked Problems Of Covid-19 Through Interprofessional Collaboration, Steven Doehler, Jeanine Goodin, Eileen Werdman Jun 2022

Lockdown Collaboration: Partnering To Solve The Wicked Problems Of Covid-19 Through Interprofessional Collaboration, Steven Doehler, Jeanine Goodin, Eileen Werdman

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The University of Cincinnati’s Design + Nursing Collaborative (D+NC) responds to the unlikely but natural similarities between Design and Nursing. The “Touch and Go” method promotes iterative interprofessional collaboration as a core competency. It fulfills the academic requirements of two major programs positioning students to use discipline-specific knowledge while learning new skills and then leveraging their new knowledge to address community health challenges as a unified team. The COVID pandemic has exposed the holes within society from resource availability and supply to access to health care. Though these have been longstanding issues, the pandemic forced the public to recognize them …


Designing Inside And Alongside The System: Working With Residents Of Ferguson, Missouri On Police Reform, Alix Gerber Jun 2022

Designing Inside And Alongside The System: Working With Residents Of Ferguson, Missouri On Police Reform, Alix Gerber

DRS Biennial Conference Series

After uprisings exposed the racial bias of policing in Ferguson, Missouri in 2014, the U.S. Department of Justice committed the city to a process of court-ordered reform. This paper outlines a creative exploration of two design approaches to impacting policymaking and legal reform in this context: a Participant Designer approach that sought to include more people’s lived experience and perspectives in policymaking, and a Speculative approach that worked to reframe the discussion from a problem about policing to an opportunity to imagine new forms of public safety. These approaches explored ways of working inside and alongside the legal system, on …


Objects Of Care, Sasha De Koninck, Laura Devendorf Jun 2022

Objects Of Care, Sasha De Koninck, Laura Devendorf

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper describes a workshop activity intended to cultivate attention to bod-ies and care. Constructed as a card-deck, the “Objects of Care” activity prompts its players to look more closely at the objects in their lives, notice signs of care in those objects and re-think their relationships with said objects. We believe the card deck, based on the interactions we’ve had with it thus far, offers a few insights for prompting attention to bodily interactions by focusing on the way they manifest in textiles. This tended to have the effect of prompting people to take time with the old and …


Food’S Urban Graphic Heritage In Walthamstow, Robert Harland, Alison Barnes Jun 2022

Food’S Urban Graphic Heritage In Walthamstow, Robert Harland, Alison Barnes

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Food’s material and symbolic values are central to cultural heritage. Urban foodscapes are dense in graphic communication, with memories and meanings that connect us with place often triggered by food’s ‘graphic heritage’, for example, through fascia signs, packaging, branding, patterns, and lettering. This paper’s focus is on everyday grass roots manifestations of food’s graphic heritage within urban settings. It introduces and argues that food’s urban graphic heritage ‘speaks’ differently to diverse individuals and communities, inviting different interpretations that play a part in the development of place attachment and social interaction. The paper also proposes methods for the recording and analysis …


Co-Designing Public Value: Collective Ownership Of Outcomes In The Public Sphere, Jez Bebbington, Leon Cruickshank, Niall Hayes Jun 2022

Co-Designing Public Value: Collective Ownership Of Outcomes In The Public Sphere, Jez Bebbington, Leon Cruickshank, Niall Hayes

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Design principles and practices have contributed substantially to the discipline of public management, particularly over the last decade. Service design, design for policy, and design for social innovation demonstrate the increasing degree of convergence between design and public management. This paper considers the concept of ‘creating public value’, at a strategic level beyond specific policies and services, from a co-design perspective. The paper explores opportunities for co-design principles and methods to contribute to the creation of public value - via policy design and enactment - through the examination of public value and co-design literature. Implications for co-designers and policymakers are …


“What Makes You Feel Relaxed In Nature?”: Exploring Nature-Based Stimuli As Inspiration For Designing Relaxing Experiences, Chan Mi Kim, Thomas Van Rompay, Geke Ludden Jun 2022

“What Makes You Feel Relaxed In Nature?”: Exploring Nature-Based Stimuli As Inspiration For Designing Relaxing Experiences, Chan Mi Kim, Thomas Van Rompay, Geke Ludden

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Nature experiences promote relaxation and wellbeing. To bring these benefits to people with limited access to nature, digital technologies can be used to provide nature experiences. However, we do not yet completely understand which exact qualities of nature and what mechanisms are involved in eliciting relaxation. To close this gap, we conducted a diary exercise (n=25) to explore interactions and qualities that stimulate relaxation in nature. Results revealed a typology comprising three pathways to promote relaxation through nature experiences: relaxation by sensing, thinking, and doing. In addition, 8 sensorial and 6 contextual qualities were identified, and a visual summary was …


Strategies And Tactics Of Participatory Architecture, Mirian Calvo, Rosendy Galabo, Violet Owen, Leon Cruickshank, Rachel Sara Jun 2022

Strategies And Tactics Of Participatory Architecture, Mirian Calvo, Rosendy Galabo, Violet Owen, Leon Cruickshank, Rachel Sara

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper explores participatory architecture through counterbalancing a historical review with an analysis of four emergent projects. This paper aims to contribute to understanding emergent participatory architecture practices and extract best practice and insights around these forms of designing with people. We analyse four emergent participatory projects developed in Spain, France, Norway and England, using a narrative inquiry-based method to examine interviews, observations, and literature. We then discuss the lessons learnt and argue for contemporary participatory architecture as a strong alternative to overcome the issues associated with conventional approaches to architecture that exclude people from the design process; and to …


How Has Covid-19 Pandemic Unearthed Hidden Social Affordances On Tinder: A Virtual Ethnography On Dating In Turkey, İrem Genç, Özge Merzali Çelikoğlu Jun 2022

How Has Covid-19 Pandemic Unearthed Hidden Social Affordances On Tinder: A Virtual Ethnography On Dating In Turkey, İrem Genç, Özge Merzali Çelikoğlu

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In this study, we explore changing social relations and dynamics during pandemic, particularly in online dating via one of the most popular dating apps, Tinder. Conducting a virtual ethnography on Tinder over a 2 month period, we determine four main changes in the context of online dating: changes in the community, changes in the conversations, changes in the context of video call, and changes in the perception of online dating. Embracing the notion of social affordances, we further discuss how these changes have initiated new forms of social interaction in the Tinder community, making members realise the hidden social affordances …


An Overview Of Current Practices And Approaches To Co-Designing Services With And For People With Dementia Towards Developing A Framework For Best Practice, Kristina Niedderer, Laura Orton, Isabelle Tournier Jun 2022

An Overview Of Current Practices And Approaches To Co-Designing Services With And For People With Dementia Towards Developing A Framework For Best Practice, Kristina Niedderer, Laura Orton, Isabelle Tournier

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of current practices and approaches to co-designing services with and for people living with early to mid-stage dementia to derive a set of principles and practices for application in the IDoService project. It explores the understanding of service design and of co-design for the purposes of this paper, and then uses a meta-review of co-design of services for people with dementia, underpinned by a selection of case studies from the literature to extract and collate a set of key principles of best practice. We then consider the application of these …


Towards Responsible Interaction Design Education, Alma Leora Culén, Amela Karahasanovic Jun 2022

Towards Responsible Interaction Design Education, Alma Leora Culén, Amela Karahasanovic

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper addresses the need and opportunities to align courses in interaction design with ideas behind responsible research, design, and innovation by focusing on values, responsibility, and longer-term and more sustainable perspectives. Rather than discussing the design of new courses leveraging a specific perspective, e.g., sustainable interaction design, we suggest ongoing iterative transformations of an existing course aiming to include multiple relevant perspectives toward responsible education in interaction design. The course re-design utilizes research through design approach exploring how to position responsibility, values, and ontological perspectives when teaching interaction design, using educational components that we identified as a design material. …


Studying Interaction Design Practices With Theory Instruments, Jacob Buur, Mette Gislev Kjærsgaard, Jessica Sorenson, Ayşe Özge Ağça Jun 2022

Studying Interaction Design Practices With Theory Instruments, Jacob Buur, Mette Gislev Kjærsgaard, Jessica Sorenson, Ayşe Özge Ağça

DRS Biennial Conference Series

From previous research we learned that (1) interaction designers are experiencing new challenges in response to increasing digitalization, and that (2) current methods and conceptual frameworks seem insufficient for addressing these challenges. In this paper, we explore how playing with theoretical con-cepts in tangible ways may allow practitioners to gain new perspectives on cur-rent practices, challenges and possibilities. We introduce a set of Design Anthro-pological Theory Instruments to bring social theory into conversations with prac-titioners. Via the instruments, the researchers' data collection process and the participants' reflection processes come together in a collective sense-making ex-perience. Our analysis of video recordings …


Potential Benefits Of Designing Immersive Technologies To Reduce Anxiety In The Perioperative Patient Journey, Nikou Javadi, Ian Gwilt, Aaron Davis Jun 2022

Potential Benefits Of Designing Immersive Technologies To Reduce Anxiety In The Perioperative Patient Journey, Nikou Javadi, Ian Gwilt, Aaron Davis

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This research investigates if virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) technologies can be used to help people cope with the anxiety associated with a surgical procedure in the patient health care journey. Perioperative anxiety is a natural response to surgery stress which may happen at any point before or after a surgical procedure. Research has shown that high level of perioperative anxiety are a potential health and recovery threat for a patient due to the effects on psychologic and physiologic responses. The concept of Digital Health is increasingly playing a more substantial role in health care provision and there is a …


How To Apply Service Design Thinking On Designing Accessibility Apps: A Case Study Of Public Transportation For The Visually Impaired, Yi Lee, Tang Hsien-Hui Jun 2022

How To Apply Service Design Thinking On Designing Accessibility Apps: A Case Study Of Public Transportation For The Visually Impaired, Yi Lee, Tang Hsien-Hui

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Accessibility App programming consists of multiple technical utilizations and ease-of-use specifications. Many challenges were encountered when landing in complex contexts, making it difficult for traditional App designers to overcome. As a result, the success rate of the service and satisfaction stays stagnant after the App launches. This research takes the service design case “improving the public transportation for the visually impaired”, which received critical acclaims from service participants as the research subject. We explored service design as problem-solving-oriented innovative thinking and how it assists and improves the design process for App designers, thereby increasing the success rate of the overall …


Experimenting The Role Of Ux Design In The Definition Of Gender-Sensitive Service Design Policies, Margherita Pillan, Martina Marzola Jun 2022

Experimenting The Role Of Ux Design In The Definition Of Gender-Sensitive Service Design Policies, Margherita Pillan, Martina Marzola

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The environmental and social sustainability objectives indicated in the 2030 agenda require the development of services for urban contexts capable of responding to the diversified primary needs of different segments of the population. International studies on gender issues show that understanding the specific needs of women, their behaviors and their expectations can yield indications for creating more equitable and inclusive services. The article reports the significant results obtained using UX Design techniques and tools for gender-oriented service design. This activity was carried out in collaboration between university researchers, students, and women's associations, and produced indications on the specific female points …


Exploring The Effect Of Visual And Auditory Information In Haptic Experience, Xinyi Gao, Wei Wang, Fangli Song, Fang Liu Jun 2022

Exploring The Effect Of Visual And Auditory Information In Haptic Experience, Xinyi Gao, Wei Wang, Fangli Song, Fang Liu

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Haptic experience always has a close relationship with visual and auditory modalities, but little research uses both visual and auditory modalities to map haptic perception in tangible interaction. It is essential to understand how to make haptic information harmonious with visual and auditory modalities, and how users describe haptic feedback in physical interface design. In this paper, participants are divided into three groups: auditory-haptic (AH), visual-haptic (VH), and haptic (H) groups to test a sensory integrated prototype in order to explore the effect of visual and auditory information on haptic experience and users’ description patterns. We find that users’ haptic …


Significance Of Age-Friendly Co-Design From A Multi-Stakeholder Collaboration In Greenland, Sidse Carroll, Kamilla Nørtoft Jun 2022

Significance Of Age-Friendly Co-Design From A Multi-Stakeholder Collaboration In Greenland, Sidse Carroll, Kamilla Nørtoft

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The world’s population is ageing, and there is increased attention on developing well-functioning age-friendly cities and communities. This requires addressing topics with complex socio-spatial dimensions and involving multiple stakeholders in the process. This also means including older people as active partners in the design process to create environments that reflect their needs and aspirations. In this paper, we present a study, where multiple stakeholders from a Greenlandic city worked together to co-design new neighbourhood spaces in a senior housing area. Approximately 50 older people were involved in the co-design process, and follow-up interviews were conducted with municipal stakeholders two months …


A Designerly Approach To The Sonification Of Electric Vehicles, Sara Lenzi, Juan Sádaba, Paolo Ciuccarelli Jun 2022

A Designerly Approach To The Sonification Of Electric Vehicles, Sara Lenzi, Juan Sádaba, Paolo Ciuccarelli

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In recent years, efforts to frame sound-related areas of research such as sonification, sonic interaction design and product sound design in terms of design methodologies became more common. Sound designers seem to be willing to structure a field traditionally characterised by tacit knowledge in terms of explicit design processes, tools and methods, to increase the reach and impact of the field. In this paper, we describe the first two stages of a commercial sonification project for the design of sounds for Electric Vehicles. The project was developed applying a design methodology that integrates a specific tool (the sonification canvas), which …