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Articles 481 - 510 of 23632

Full-Text Articles in Architecture

Repetition Mechanism And Its Impact In Architectural Form Perception, Ali Mohsen Jaafar Al-Khafaji, Mayce Aziz Muhammed Ridah Apr 2026

Repetition Mechanism And Its Impact In Architectural Form Perception, Ali Mohsen Jaafar Al-Khafaji, Mayce Aziz Muhammed Ridah

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Repetition appeared in some architectural studies as a mechanism design aiming at either hiding the repeated item from the consumer, or emphasizing it. That created a query about the nature of repetition and its characteristics that change the item from being invisible to being emphasized. Moreover, the problem of the research emerged as: "the lack of perception of repetition as a mechanism of invisibility that enables the architectural form to either appear or disappear, in the consumer's awareness." The research was divided into four stages, the first of which is introduced meaning of the main terms in the research (which …

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The Impact Of Event In The Context And Response Of Architectural Act, Abdul Hussien Abd Ali Al-Askary Apr 2026

The Impact Of Event In The Context And Response Of Architectural Act, Abdul Hussien Abd Ali Al-Askary

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The research philosophically deals with objects, about how the Architectural act represents many acts in the fact of context. The research problem is how the architectural act was responding to the event that happened in the context. The research hypothesis is: there is a relationship between strategies of reading (explanation, interpretation, and deconstruction) and strategies of response (animation, renewal, and reform). The plan of the research includes two parts: first part includes knowledge framework about; event, response, and architectural act, second part includes analysis of terms and ideas of many architects. According to first part, the event, response, and architectural …

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The Effect Of Smart Growth Principles On Affordable Housing, Sanaa Sati Abbas, Tamara Mutaz Abdulmaged Apr 2026

The Effect Of Smart Growth Principles On Affordable Housing, Sanaa Sati Abbas, Tamara Mutaz Abdulmaged

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The concept affordable housing deals with affording adequate housing to a moderate and low income households. The research defined affordable housing as housing deals with moderate and low income households (60%-80% AMI) that housing costs don’t exceed (30%) of their annual income (renting or owning) , while smart growth is defined as a development that contains a set of principles related to compact design and affordable housing .The research problem is embodied as (a knowledge gap about the effects of smart growth principles at a micro scale on the costs of affordable housing).The research built a theoretical framework including both …

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The Sustainable Preventive Preservation For Historical Building, Basim Hasan Al Majid, Harith Khlaif Abbood Apr 2026

The Sustainable Preventive Preservation For Historical Building, Basim Hasan Al Majid, Harith Khlaif Abbood

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Historical Buildings are result of human thoughts and culture, also Considered that nations have been always known and studied through their culture and civilization, it is reasonable to state that architecture is an important entrance to understand privacy of specific society that have been formed through an interaction among social, economic and other aspects. technology evolved much further than anytime Accordingly, It is clear how crucially important to think in a certain way to deal with those building, to protect, revive and work to improve its sustainability and convenience by using advanced techniques and technologies, also to measure how suitable …

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The Urban Addition An Analytical Study Of The Relation Between The Additive And The Origin In The Contemporary Urban Projects, Wahda Shuker Al-Hinkawi, Shereen Kamil Zedan Apr 2026

The Urban Addition An Analytical Study Of The Relation Between The Additive And The Origin In The Contemporary Urban Projects, Wahda Shuker Al-Hinkawi, Shereen Kamil Zedan

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The research Explore one of the important topics that emerged from the contemporary urbandevelopment policies, by adding new urban entities within the city fabric, which represented by the urban addition, which appeared at different levels, evolved gradually with different contemporary urban orientations, which began to call in at the beginning of the twentieth century to go back to the inner-city and their historic city centers and addition to it in order to develop. the concept of urban addition crystallized in many literatures that dealt with the relationship between the addition and origin, and the process of creating a new integrated, …

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Impact Of Religious Tourism Landmarks In Authenticity Dimensions Of Urban Identity For The City, Suha Haddan Aldahwia, Yousif Issa Alwan Apr 2026

Impact Of Religious Tourism Landmarks In Authenticity Dimensions Of Urban Identity For The City, Suha Haddan Aldahwia, Yousif Issa Alwan

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The most important characteristic of urban cities is the presence of identity characterizes types of architecture. Most of these cities suffer from the decline and deterioration, and become blocks of adjacent buildings, which are copies of a particular architecture and tradition and simulate them. That led to disappear originality. The importance of this research on the link between the role of tourism attraction within the central cities for rooting there urban identity. Through the review of previous studies on the subject of tourist attraction,and after clarify landmarks kind, the research problem has identified as the "Missing of comprehensive knowledge about …

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Excesses To Permissions And Building Codes And Their Impact On The Urban Environment In Baghdad City, Khawla Kareem Kawther Apr 2026

Excesses To Permissions And Building Codes And Their Impact On The Urban Environment In Baghdad City, Khawla Kareem Kawther

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The spreading of the unregulated construction phenomenon in Iraq cities become a serious transgression of the regulations and legislation. The current master plan of Baghdad city no longer responsive to the actual needs of the city, It must be renovation to commensurate with the population growth and city development , so the research problem of this study states that: There are shortcomings in the existing laws and regulations that must keep pace with population, demographic and technology changes, legislation comprehensiveness and not tailored to the requirements of the laws and clauses are applicable, as well as the absence of the …

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Design Requirements Of Sustainable Passengers’ Land-Transportation Stations, Khalil Ibrahim Ali, Mohammed Saad Al-Jorani Apr 2026

Design Requirements Of Sustainable Passengers’ Land-Transportation Stations, Khalil Ibrahim Ali, Mohammed Saad Al-Jorani

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Public transport stations and terminals are considered as a core to achieve sustainable development in society which needs linking of various transportation modes in an unified place to create an interaction between passengers and the facilities there in most developed counties had witnessed an increasing attention to encourage such interaction in public transport facilities. Sustainability has become an influential factor in the design of these facilities. Approaches to sustainable design have become increasingly important. This paper presents useful guidelines to the designer of these facilities with focal concern to sustainable factors that needs to be adhered to in the design. …

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A Comparative Study For The Effect Of Green Roofs In The Local Climate Of Najaf City, Younis Saleem, Ahmed Faik Abdulrasoul Apr 2026

A Comparative Study For The Effect Of Green Roofs In The Local Climate Of Najaf City, Younis Saleem, Ahmed Faik Abdulrasoul

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Most Iraqi cities suffer from a stark negligence in achieving equilibrium between the constructed objects and their effects on local climate, especially in providing green areas. This led to disturbing the natural equilibrium in the urban environmental system, which in turn led to an increase in temperature degrees inside the cities, resulting in the cities to move outside of the temporal comfort boundaries. Therefore, this research studies one of the technologies that reduce this temporal effect that was generated by the shortage of green areas in the city, which is the green roofs technology. The green roofs are important technologies …

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The Role Of Formal Characteristics In Harmony Townscape Holy City Of Najaf - Case Study, Asma Niazy Taher, Ali Mosa, Ahmad Hussain Al-Musawi Apr 2026

The Role Of Formal Characteristics In Harmony Townscape Holy City Of Najaf - Case Study, Asma Niazy Taher, Ali Mosa, Ahmad Hussain Al-Musawi

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

This research deals with how to deal with the formal elements constituting the urban scene and its formal characteristics to achieve the phenomenon of harmony in urban centers through the construction of an integrated theoretical model for the phenomenon of ( harmony ) , it is determined through the basics and fundamentals of harmony and the main factors that depend on it and finding the values the formal characteristics of harmony and the degrees of harmony, and according to this perspective have been identified ,the major problem of the research is: the lack of clarity of the role of the …

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Sustainable Design From Theorizing To Application, Mohammed Ali Ali Masoud Naeem Apr 2026

Sustainable Design From Theorizing To Application, Mohammed Ali Ali Masoud Naeem

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The architecture field is considered as one of the most prominent specialized fields which the sustainability can be seen in the theoretical and applied level that is committed to the sustainability and its concepts, taking in consternation the complicity that characterize this field came the variety in the act of sustainability. However, this commitment and variety have not been framed (here lies the research problem), the Aim of the research is find a clear framework for the application of sustainability in architecture. To that the research was focused in searching for the way that make the sustainable design be seen …

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Tectonic In Architecture, Ali Mohsen Jaafar Al-Khafaji Apr 2026

Tectonic In Architecture, Ali Mohsen Jaafar Al-Khafaji

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Architectural development along its history reflects advancement of expression ability of ideas , elements and structural systems . This explain how a specific structural system gains specific aesthetic values which obtained by cumulative experts advice about construction and architecture , also explain the convertibility of constructional thought pure structural system into structural system tectonic . The research problem was the lake of knowledge about complex degree of tectonic consept and its correlation with the structural system and construction . From this point, the comprehensive understanding of a tectonic concept depends on understanding the essential nature of structural system and construction …

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Green City As Approach To Conservatism The Resources And Protection The Environment From The Pollution Locality 911-913-915 Study - The Study Area Al-Karrada Alsharqiya, Nada Khaleefah Mohammed Ali, Najwa Sadiq A. Aljanab Apr 2026

Green City As Approach To Conservatism The Resources And Protection The Environment From The Pollution Locality 911-913-915 Study - The Study Area Al-Karrada Alsharqiya, Nada Khaleefah Mohammed Ali, Najwa Sadiq A. Aljanab

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The evolution of new concepts for sustainable planning and development of cities in the world and use these concepts and their practical application and success significantly especially in the developed countries and applied in some developing countries leads us to search for new mechanisms that could be used in Iraq and pave the way for sustainable development of the urban environment of cities. The urban environment of the city of Karrada need rise include social, economic, urban, environmental, and this only by using new methods of management and planning are different from those that dealt with the city, focusing on …

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Effective Cost Management Indicators For Economical Housing Projects, Safaaaldeen Ali, Suaad Khaleel Ibraheem, Mohamed Saeed Mousa Apr 2026

Effective Cost Management Indicators For Economical Housing Projects, Safaaaldeen Ali, Suaad Khaleel Ibraheem, Mohamed Saeed Mousa

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The total cost management for economic housing projects at the design stage and before constructing is the best way to reduce the gap between the annual income of low-income people and the dwelling cost in order to reach the financial ability of the beneficiaries of projects, theoretical studies have produced several mechanisms for total cost management of project (such as rationing, eliminating ،alternatives and minimum limit standard. we cannot get a successful management without indicators to measure the success of these mechanisms in reducing the cost of the project, and from here we can determine the research problem (unclear vision …

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Mythology Effect On Semantic Construction In Contemporary Architecture, Abbas Ali Hamza Al Greiza, Battol M.Khdim Apr 2026

Mythology Effect On Semantic Construction In Contemporary Architecture, Abbas Ali Hamza Al Greiza, Battol M.Khdim

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Architecture, as with other arts Like painting, poetic, refer to its time , the mythology containing a rich symbols had the ability to paint Architecture field with this richness ... The level of symbolization in Architecture is a conceptual level with timing clear details .. the Research reviews the relationship between the ancient world mythology and concepts of Contemporary architecture with the Answering the question that ... can the designer success by mything his symbols as a story . The research then came to group of conclusions that represent by two aspects, first How to create a free sign and …

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The Role Of Streetscape Properties To Achieve User’S Aesthetic Response, Rawaa Fawzi Naom Abbawi, Neda Khalil Ibrahim Apr 2026

The Role Of Streetscape Properties To Achieve User’S Aesthetic Response, Rawaa Fawzi Naom Abbawi, Neda Khalil Ibrahim

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Urban spaces, as part of the city that could shape landscape are needed to form an essential systemic part of the city and due to the lack of streetscape as part of the city landscape to the demands and that achieves user’s respond and interact. This study is concerned with user’s demands related to streetscape and the role that is played by it’s various elements through a responsive design to user’s needs from an aesthetic point of view, The hypothesis of this study is manifested through “Disparity and deferential user’s aesthetical response to the various characteristics of streetscape as relevant …

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The Role Of Planning Standards In Sustaining Residential Community Analytical Study Of The Growing Standard, Sanaa Sati Abbas, Ghooson Najem Abdulzahra Apr 2026

The Role Of Planning Standards In Sustaining Residential Community Analytical Study Of The Growing Standard, Sanaa Sati Abbas, Ghooson Najem Abdulzahra

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Planning standards are considered as one of important concepts. The role of such standards appear in guiding the sustainable development plans , and the transformation to sustainable residential communities .So, the research problem which arised is that there is a knowledge gab about the role of the growing standard in achieving sustainability in residential community. The research studies the sustainable residential community, in order to deduce the main indicators related to it , which include (social , economic , environment and physical standards). The paper focused on the physical standards only,so research hypothesis is represented by : "the growing standard …

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Deterioration In The Centers Of Historic Towns The Case Study : The Residential Environment For The Ancient Of Kut City, Sabeeh L Farhan Apr 2026

Deterioration In The Centers Of Historic Towns The Case Study : The Residential Environment For The Ancient Of Kut City, Sabeeh L Farhan

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

This research deals with the subject of deterioration of the urban environment of housing in the historic center of the old city in Kut which impacts negatively on the social characteristics and health of the population that represents the research problem. So, the aim of the research is to build a knowledgeable base to the phenomenon of deterioration of the urban environment of housing in the historic city centers, and was the most important findings of the research , environmental degradation Urban housing in the study area for there are suffering of humidity and lack of exposure to the sun …

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The Fixed Spiritual Aspects In The Islamic Thought Architecture, Ibrahim Jawad Kadhim Al-Yousif, Khansaa Ghazi Rasheed, Samar Ghaib Fizaa Apr 2026

The Fixed Spiritual Aspects In The Islamic Thought Architecture, Ibrahim Jawad Kadhim Al-Yousif, Khansaa Ghazi Rasheed, Samar Ghaib Fizaa

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The issue of search for the spiritual aspects of fixed took distinct place among researchers who specialized in the architecture of Islamic thought because it represent the area between the two main approaches of the theorists of Islamic architecture ; The first one derived from Islamic Sharia laws and jurisprudence of construction and their suitability to the environmental and social conditions and the other one focused on the symbolical Formality reference for the final product and as a result of the different approaches are in the nature and diversity of the formal sources, the first focused on the need to …

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The Effect Of Sur On Zubair City Form, Khalil Ibrahim Ali, Ali Mosa, Lina Hato Alloush Apr 2026

The Effect Of Sur On Zubair City Form, Khalil Ibrahim Ali, Ali Mosa, Lina Hato Alloush

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Most available studies lacked an understanding of the architectural aspects of zubair as a city; especial with relevance to the role of the sur (fortification) on the city form and how it had conserved this form. This study tries to follow up the formal transformation in planning, land use, and Urban life, To understand the role of thesur which was erroded through various stages of its history, the location and the geometry of this sur must be determined depending on up to date techniques. previous descriptive studies were analysed in compares on to other for tified cities With an emphasis …

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The Role Of Shape Grammar In Analyzing Architectural Compostion [A Study In The Arab-Islamic Palaces], Asmaa M. H. Al- Moqaram Apr 2026

The Role Of Shape Grammar In Analyzing Architectural Compostion [A Study In The Arab-Islamic Palaces], Asmaa M. H. Al- Moqaram

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The shape grammar technique appeared in the seventies of the last century at different levels of knowledge. The application of the technique in architecture focused on two main goals، which have become as approaches: the first is the analytical one[reading and analyzing the architectural antecedent and explore their languages and using them in future designs]، the second is the original designs،[producing novel designs]. Most of researches lacked to clarify the sufficient aspects relating to shape grammar especially the analytical methods with regard of Islamic architecture ، the research problem concentrated on this as stipulated [Lack of sufficient visualization of the …

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The Impact Of Laws And Regulations In Urban Land Management And Urban Baghdad - A Case Study, Hadeel Mowaffaq Mahmood Apr 2026

The Impact Of Laws And Regulations In Urban Land Management And Urban Baghdad - A Case Study, Hadeel Mowaffaq Mahmood

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

To business management and operational control of reconstruction in the city of Baghdad, carried out through the legislative system consists of a set of laws, regulations and decisions issued by the various destinations and on successive phases, these laws had a direct impact on urban land use and urban development.And urban planning has a number of dimensions, including the legal dimension and the dimension of administrative and executive Urban in Iraq is subject to a number of dimensions by the departments and bodies and institutions is determined by regulations and the laws of multiple and conflicting with each other often, …

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Sustainability Of Infrastructure For Iraqi City Analytical Study For Baghdad City, Shaimaa Mutashar Hamza Apr 2026

Sustainability Of Infrastructure For Iraqi City Analytical Study For Baghdad City, Shaimaa Mutashar Hamza

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The infrastructure is an important element in the growth and development of the city;they determine the city optimum size.When the city's infrastructure is efficient the city is efficient, and competitive with other cities, and linked with modern information systems. The infrastructure system of the city, mainly overlap with each other to provide a better human life, so the city must be efficient economically and socially integrated. Environmentally must be capable to protect itself. The concepts of sustainability have many dimensions ,economic, social, and environmental their purpose the human being.Sustainability have emerged in many fields, including infrastructure and relied on the …

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The Effect Quantitative Transformation In The Products Of Local Architecture, Asma Niazy Taher, Jameelah Abdul-Kareem Luaibi Apr 2026

The Effect Quantitative Transformation In The Products Of Local Architecture, Asma Niazy Taher, Jameelah Abdul-Kareem Luaibi

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The concept of time is clearly in the architecture , but the elements of time alone is not enough to get into the production architect , so came this research in order to clarify the relationship shifts architectural -time in the local architecture , which are either as or Kiva but will be here to emphasize time quantitative exclusively as part of propositions lexical and scientific , philosophical and artistic as well as architectural and then be described within the transformations timetable in local architecture , hence emerged the research problem of the " there was a lack a knowledge …

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The Effect Of Religious Monuments In The Plan Of The Arabianislamic City Samarra City – Case Study, Asma Niazy Taher, Mahdi Saleh A.H. Al-Ataabi, Zaid Mohammed Al-Abbasi Apr 2026

The Effect Of Religious Monuments In The Plan Of The Arabianislamic City Samarra City – Case Study, Asma Niazy Taher, Mahdi Saleh A.H. Al-Ataabi, Zaid Mohammed Al-Abbasi

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Religious monument is considered as one of the most distinguished elements which form one of the components of architectural structure, religious monument’s importance stands out from the religious affiliation of the city’s people (Spiritual affiliation). Also considered one of the distinguished architectural elements and recognized architectural identity, which have drawn the mental image for the formation of religious cities in people’s memory. The research depends on studying the plans of the religious cities specifically the Arabian Islamic cities; for its religious importance and the clearness of the religious factor’s impact in its creation and planning, and from reviewing the previous …

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Architecture Design Methods According To Advance Human's Intellect & Technology, Ahmed Talib Hameed Haddad Apr 2026

Architecture Design Methods According To Advance Human's Intellect & Technology, Ahmed Talib Hameed Haddad

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

This paper explain design method as a ring or relationship link between theory and applied , and it discuss the important developments in the field of architectural design methods according to advance human's intellect & his technology ; firstly from intuition thinking ( according to try and error ) to the industrial revolution that is followed mathematical and rational limitation thinking , and this thought go directly to un-limitation thinking that’s followed new scientific revolution , and it is arrive to contemporary digital revolution . Beside this that paper search for a development relationship between architectural form and architectural design …

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Thermal Effect Of External Cladding Materials On The Microclimate In Urban Environment, Miqdad Haidar Al-Jawadi, Ahmed Hani Rasheed Al-Tamim Apr 2026

Thermal Effect Of External Cladding Materials On The Microclimate In Urban Environment, Miqdad Haidar Al-Jawadi, Ahmed Hani Rasheed Al-Tamim

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

It has been found recently, that many architects are using new imported materials for external cladding, which might cause an increase in air temperature of the urban environment, and creating new microclimate thermally differ from other places according to the type of cladding materials used on building façade , especially in commercial streets, which is believed that most people feels changes in thermal difference in commercial streets more than the difference in residential districts, where people are usually indoors. So due to the lack of information about the effect of such material on urban environment, the paper aimed to contribute …

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Moving Architecture The Impact Of Position Movement Of Architectureon The Recipient, Basim Hasan Al Majid, Mariam Mohmmedaltaee Apr 2026

Moving Architecture The Impact Of Position Movement Of Architectureon The Recipient, Basim Hasan Al Majid, Mariam Mohmmedaltaee

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The moveable building is considered to be one of the most recent productions of the era which is related to the concepts of the benefit, beautyand the technique. These concepts have great impact on the movement of society and human being through his awareness to his recent needs that are changing through the time, which effect the role of techniques that related to the humans services through spotlighting the relationship between these effects from one side and the human from the other side to get anew architectural product represented through the moveable building. This product interacts with the humans existance …

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Effect Of Virtual Reality Technology On The Accomplishment Of The Natural Self-Existing In Virtual Interior Space, Ibrahim Jawad Kadhim Al-Yousif, Zahra Mohamed Mosa Apr 2026

Effect Of Virtual Reality Technology On The Accomplishment Of The Natural Self-Existing In Virtual Interior Space, Ibrahim Jawad Kadhim Al-Yousif, Zahra Mohamed Mosa

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Due to the major technological development happened in the last 20 years, technology had great role in changing the architectural constants and classifying its priorities. Many studies focused on technology notion and its application in architecture. But they did not focus on the rule of technology to realize Human reliance on internal and external spaces in which the people spend most of their time in.The information technology with its developments has great impact on actions & behaviors of human beings. Here the research idea in “Lack of sufficient scientific knowledge about the impact of technology of virtual reality to achieve …

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Revivalist Translation In Contemporary Arabic Architecture, Suha Haddan Aldahwia, Marwa Munther Sameen Apr 2026

Revivalist Translation In Contemporary Arabic Architecture, Suha Haddan Aldahwia, Marwa Munther Sameen

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Translation lead in general a prominent role to transfer different sciences , knowledge and cultures, particularly in keeping up with scientific and literary developments. Because of the importance of translation and its relationship to architecture led to the identification of general axis of the research, which represents the “Employment translation in architecture”. The research discussed the previous Architectural Studies that related to concept of translation and show that there was a difference in dealing with the translation of various movements in architecture, and the appearance of several employments can be identified with differences, pluralism, revivalism, interpretation, paradox, then the research …

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