Architecture Commons^™

Historical Redlining, Walkability, And Green Gentrification In Baltimore, Usa, Rafael B. De Andrade, Ella Baynes, Vanessa Belt, Joseph Colasacco, Camden Speilman

The Geographical Bulletin

Historical redlining created persistent patterns of racial segregation and spatial inequality in American cities. However, urban initiatives aimed at increasing green spaces in these neighborhoods increasingly trigger gentrification that can displace original residents. In this study, we examine the spatial intersection of 1930s-era Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) redlining boundaries, current property values, and multimodal park accessibility in Baltimore, Maryland. Using geographic data from 245 properties and 13 major parks, we developed an accessibility framework incorporating walking, public transit, and automobile travel modes to estimate accessibility to green spaces across neighborhoods with different redlining histories. Our spatial analysis reveals that …

Stop Blaming My Users: Illumination Of The Technocentric Mythos Bias, Ervin H. Frenzel, Richard Lightcap

Journal of Cybersecurity Education, Research and Practice

 Abstract -This conceptual essay addresses the need for systemic and systematic transdisciplinary analytical techniques within cybersecurity and technical security. This conceptual essay is contingent upon recognition that cybersecurity is not simply technical in nature, it does not need an adversary, and more importantly it is based upon systems engineering and systems thinking.  The essay contributes a socio-technical attribution chain and field-specific ontology/taxonomy which distinguish user-triggered events from root causes, latent conditions, technical debt, validation failures, governance failures, and attribution bias before assigning responsibility to end users. It systematically defines an ontology inclusive of developer technical debt, organizational debt arising from …

Fleeting Roots, Jonathan Tirado

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

Onomichi, Japan carries a quiet crisis. Across its hillside arcades, akiya (abandoned properties) outnumber active storefronts, hollowing a town once defined by its dense, walkable culture. Fleeting Roots proposes a decentralized arts and fabrication campus woven through ten existing buildings along the Hondori Arcade, treating vacancy not as decay but as raw material for civic return.

The project rejects the museum impulse that often shadows preservation work. Heritage here is not frozen for tourist consumption. It is reactivated as a site of mutual cultural production, where local craft, visiting practice, and everyday commerce share the same vernacular shell. A precise …

Re-Imagining The Rimac River: Designing With Mythology, Ecology, And Community, Rodrigo Carbajal

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

The Rímac River sustains Lima, yet the city has treated it more like an edge condition than a living system. Its water moves through the metropolis as a source of life, but its presence is buried behind concrete walls, traffic corridors, pollution, and fragmented access. Over time, the river has been reduced to a controlled channel, stripped of the cultural and spatial relationships that once connected it to everyday life. This thesis begins with that contradiction: the Rímac remains vital to Lima’s survival, but has been pushed out of the city’s public imagination. This project argues that the river’s current …

Between Tents And Concrete: Rethinking Displacement Space In Haiti, Korine Dorval

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

Haiti is not an anomaly; it is a case study. Since the 2010 earthquake, displacement has not resolved but compounded, layered beneath successive crises of political instability, gang violence, and natural disaster. As of 2025, 1.4 million people remain without homes, many of them inheriting a life between tents and concrete that was never meant to last this long. Yet responses remain trapped in the logic of emergency. To live between tents and concrete is to exist in suspended uncertainty where children grow up without an address and community forms despite the design, not because of it. These camps were …

Architecture Of Sobriety: Redesigning Rehabilitation Centers Beyond The Institutional Framework, Coraima Perez-Portillo

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

What if alcohol relapse is not only a weakness of will, but a failure of the environment? Addiction recovery is often understood as a clinical process, yet sustained sobriety depends equally on the reorganization of daily habits. Research on alcohol use disorders demonstrates that addictive behaviors are reinforced through spatial triggers and embodied routine. Post-detox recovery is particularly fragile: the body is sober, but the triggers that sustained addiction remain. The question is not only how to treat addiction, but how to design the spaces in which people learn to live without it.

This thesis investigates how architecture can combat …

Anti-Gang Architecture: Youth, Labor, And Spatial Agency In Mexico, Arturo Resendiz

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

Anti-Gang Architecture: Youth Labor, & Spatial Agency in Mexico

In many parts of the world, teenagers face environments shaped by violence, drug abuse, and limited opportunity. The absence of inclusive communities deepens youth disconnection, leaving them vulnerable to harmful influences. This research explores how architectural qualities can create spaces that protect, inspire, and connect with Mexican youth, specifically in cities like Matamoros, Tamaulipas, where public space has lost its capacity to support safe youth development.

The central question guiding this research is: How can architecture create environments that inspire youth identity, develop creativity, and offer alternatives to violence and drug …

Addressing The Abandoned Typology Of Mills, Terra M. Castresana

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

As anthropologists have shown, rivers are foundational to the creation of human settlement, and many cities design their urban fabric to interact with their respective rivers. Despite the scale of the Chattahoochee River, however, a typical visitor of Atlanta might not see the river as it is covered with highways and other infrastructures. Since the inception of colonial Atlanta as a railroad town in the nineteenth century, the urban design deviated from having the rivers be central to the city’s evolution as scholarship shows. Despite this structural arrangement, there was still an existing relationship with its rivers when waterways, most …

Spatializing Hybrid Identities: Creating A Third Space For East-Asian Americans, Tina Wong

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

Hyper-globalization transformed cultural boundaries and experiences. Identities are

no longer bound to a single construct—but forged at the intersection of complex and

layered vectors of belonging, especially those with multi-cultural backgrounds.

For many Americans with ethnic backgrounds, a sense of belonging is

fragmented, as their identities are stretched across multiple cultural frameworks. The

built environment of the American cities rarely reflect hybrid identities or collective

narratives- leading to misrepresentation and cultural invisibility. How can architecture create a space representative of such hybrid identities? How can design help foster a sense of belonging for hyphenated identities, particularly for East-Asian Americans? This …

From Spectator To Actor: The Drive-In Cinema As Movement On The Blue Ridge Parkway, Jacob Gonzalez

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

This thesis argues that architecture is not experienced as static form, but as something constructed through movement. It reconsiders the declining drive-in cinema typology not as a destination for passive viewing, but as a spatial system where movement and perception are actively choreographed.

The project asks: how can architectural movement transform the drive-in from a static act of viewing into a dynamic, cinematic experience?

Drawing from montage theory in film, particularly the work of Sergei Eisenstein, this thesis understands meaning as something constructed through sequence (through order, duration, repetition, and rhythm). Bernard Tschumi’s translation of these ideas into architecture informs …

From Passage To Place: Reimagining The Transit Hub, Amber Henry

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

Transit hubs are a vital backbone for commuters in major US cities. Despite this backbone, the design priority of the transit hubs is not given the same commitment. When designing transit hubs, there is a focus on the circulation of the hub, often neglecting community engagement and the opportunity to design the space for more than just a transit center. This hyper fixation on circulation just exacerbates the problem of lost space within the urban city. Lost space is the space that is left over and unused due to urban blight. Urban blight occurred in the mid-20th century with people …

A Place To Return: Reimagining Rehabilitation Through Architecture In Tijuana, Mexico, Karen J. Reyes

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

Addiction in Mexico is often associated with stigma, isolation, and institutional models of rehabilitation that reinforce punishment rather than healing. Many rehabilitation centers remain socially invisible, poorly maintained, and disconnected from the communities they aim to serve, particularly in border cities such as Tijuana, where displacement, instability, and addiction frequently intersect. The project responds to these conditions by exploring how architecture can redefine rehabilitation as a process rooted in dignity, belonging, and renewal rather than shame and confinement.

Grounded in Aaron Antonovsky’s Salutogenic Model and theories of community-centered healing, the proposal reimagines recovery through the concept of work as therapy. …

Space For Life Below, Anthony J. Iadevaio

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

Architecture is traditionally understood as the design of spaces for people. Buildings, cities, and landscapes are typically evaluated through how humans move through them, occupy them, and experience them. My thesis begins by asking a simple shift in perspective: what happens when architecture is designed not for humans, but for other living beings, specifically aquatic life?

My research focuses on understanding how spatial design principles can be used to create better environments for fish and aquatic ecosystems. Rather than treating aquariums as decorative objects or displays for human enjoyment, I approach them as lived-in spaces where fish are the primary …

Designing Through Perception: Testing Spatial Regulation Using Virtual Reality, Denisse Rosa

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

College students across the United States are experiencing high levels of stress, sensory fatigue, and burnout, yet most academic environments are not designed to support mental well-being. Research in biophilic design and environmental psychology shows that warm materials, natural light, and intentionally organized sensory zones can reduce academic stress and create conditions for calm and focus. This thesis explores how neuro-inclusive and biophilic design principles can reshape learning spaces into environments that actively support student wellness. The framework development and virtual reality testing documented here represent the completed phase of this research; formal data collection with human participants constitutes the …

In Search Of Design Process : A Computational Framework For Meaningful Form, Mario A. Vaquiz

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

In Search of Design Process : A Computational Framework for Meaningful Form

Imagine walking through your hometown, a place where identity, culture, memory, and collective resilience should be visible within the built environment. As cities continue to develop, new buildings rise from the ground, yet many remain indistinguishable glass boxes. They are efficient and visually neutral, but they fail to reflect the depth of culture, the struggles of communities, or the meaning embedded within place. These buildings fulfill functional requirements, but they often lack intentional expression. They exist, but they do not speak.

In Search of the Design Process begins …

Built For The Moment: Creating Temporary Hotel Architecture With Prefabrication For Transit-Oriented Development Along Marta Stations, Joshua D. Aicher

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

This thesis explores an architectural approach to addressing temporary population increases caused by large sporting events through flexible, prefabricated structures that adapt to varying sites and programmatic needs. The project is situated in the context of the 2026 FIFA World Cup in the United States, where host cities face significant pressure to accommodate short-term population surges. Typically, cities invest heavily in roads, transit, and hotels to support these events which are then abandoned or underutilized after events. While cities such as London 2012 Olympic Games and Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games leveraged existing, mature transit networks to absorb this increased demand, …

Placemaking On Peachtree: Breathing Life In To Downtown Atlanta’S Outdoor Environment Through Wellbeing-Centric Design, Rachel Pickert

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

Why do outdoor public spaces in Atlanta not prioritize pedestrian well-being by providing comfort, safety, and service to their daily life? The built environment is a key determinant of overall well-being through the opportunity for social interaction, stimulation, safety, comfort, and a sense of belonging. The vehicular-centric design of Downtown Atlanta has resulted in pedestrians seeking comfort away from the ground level using viaducts, subterrain transit, and sky bridges. This historic removal of pedestrians from the streets of Atlanta has resulted in un-activated outdoor public spaces which do not fulfill the basic needs for pedestrian wellbeing. This thesis uses existing …

Domestic Remix: Rethinking Home When Everything Happens Everywhere All At Once, Erika Louise Morales

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

With the cost of living rising, Americans are gravitating towards a living arrangement that may seem unconventional by local standards, but is common throughout the world: multigenerational households. This shift signals a growing openness to shared domesticity and a more collective way of living. Traditionally, Americans, like many Western cultures, are perceived to be more individualistic, whereas multigenerational living is often associated with more traditionally collectivist societies in the East. Yet, as social and economic pressures rise, Americans are reconsidering what “home” means to them, not only in terms of their individual space, but in terms of how their day …

Power Writes, People Rewrite; Distribution Of Collective Memory Through Space After The 1954 Coup, Brandon G. Maldonado

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

This thesis examines the relationship between power, propaganda, and spatial memory through the lens of the 1954 Guatemalan coup d’état and its lasting impact on collective cultural identity. In response to systems that have controlled and suppressed narratives, the project proposes an alternative architectural framework that reclaims memory as a collective, participatory act. Operating across plazas, protest routes, and alleys in Zone 1 of Guatemala City, the project transforms existing urban conditions into a distributed system of memory production. In plazas, memory is created through acts of gathering and making. Along protest routes, a mobile kit-of-parts which carries the crafts …

Antidepressant Architecture, Joshua Landrum

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

Both suburban sprawl and urban habitats continue to expand throughout the world, particularly in western civilization. With that expansion, the number of mental health issues have risen to an unprecedented level, leaving many individuals feeling isolated and depressed despite living in the most comfortable era of human history. This isolation is only escalated by the convenience of digital technology which allows us to get groceries, communicate with friends, and catch up on the latest news without ever having to leave our sealed domiciles or interacting with other people in a healthy and meaningful way. Through this self-destructive leisure, our connection …

Las Tres Regiones A Cultural-Historical-Educational Center Reconnecting The Generations, Giancarlo E. Cartulin

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

Peru’s cultural identity has been fading away over the years across generations. Globalization, modernization, and migration have accelerated this disconnection, slowly leaving behind the traditions, stories, and practices that once shaped the nation’s identity. Although several museums in Lima display artifacts or cultural narratives from the different regions, no space immersively represents and unifies Peru’s three regions. In response, there is a need for a space where locals can celebrate their roots and tourists can learn the nation’s history and culture. This thesis proposes a cultural-historical educational center designed to revive cultural identity, strengthen collective memory, attract tourism, and support …

The Social Art Of Architecture: Designing Adaptive Systems To Protect And Sustain Collective Resistance, Jadyn Dortch

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

This thesis explores the concept of protest architecture, focusing on how temporary, mobile, and tactical structures emerge within social movements to challenge systemic inequities and reclaim public space. Architecture has often been understood as permanent and institutional, yet protest reveals its capacity to be agile, symbolic, and activist. The project is motivated by the recognition that space is never neutral—it both reflects and produces relations of power. Influences include Teddy Cruz’s work on borderlands and architecture as civic infrastructure, Henri Lefebvre’s foundational theories of the production of space and the right to the city, and Angela Davis’s Black Studies scholarship …

Lightness Shaped By Stone, Jared Arredondo

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

In a period defined by industrial standardization, automation, and increasing distance from material reality, architecture has become increasingly detached from the physical knowledge of making. Processes once grounded in time, touch, and material consequence are often replaced by speed, abstraction, and systems of production that conceal labor. This thesis begins from that condition and examines stone as a material through which architecture can recover a deeper relationship to time, craft, structure, and responsibility.

Stone resists speed. Its weight, density, and permanence demand precision, patience, and consequence. Each cut, joint, and surface operation requires an understanding of the material’s limits and …

Cohabitation As Care: A Campus For Intergenerational Living And Experience Of The Elderly And Orphan Children, Rachel Ayers

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

15 Cigarettes per day. Loneliness and social isolation can increase the risk of premature death just as much as smoking 15 cigarettes per day. Research shows loneliness and social isolation can be so serious that for some the only way out is to resort to addictive behaviors. This is becoming a widespread public health concern. Social science research links the risk of social isolation and loneliness to two of our society’s most vulnerable age groups: the elderly and children. Orphans are among the ones who miss out on the opportunity to form these connections. Similarly, retired adults, especially those who …

Found & Forged: Rediscovering What Was Lost & Reshaping What Will Be., Christopher Dennis

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

The decline of heavy industry across the American Rust Belt has left behind expansive, fragmented landscapes that are often treated as voids awaiting replacement. This thesis, Found & Forged challenges that assumption by repositioning the former U.S. Steel site in Lorain, Ohio, not as an absence, but as a layered urban condition with embedded cultural and spatial value. Found & Forged proposes a regenerative urban design framework guided by three interdependent pillars: Memory, Reconnection, and Resilience. Rather than erasing the industrial past, the project selectively preserves and reinterprets existing structures and artifacts to construct a living narrative of place. At …

Nurtur-Her, Azizi Ivey

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

The Vine City Wellness Campus will transform the abandoned Morris Brown College Student Center—a symbol of the neighborhood's rich HBCU heritage—into a beacon of community health, honoring the past while addressing present health crises. By integrating clinical care, maternal health services, wellness programming, and community gathering spaces within a historic structure supplemented by sensitive new construction, this project will demonstrate how architecture can heal both bodies and communities, addressing generations of health inequity in one of Atlanta's most historically significant yet underserved neighborhoods.

Ile Idasile Aso: Creating Spaces That Promote The Creative Economy In Lagos., Ifeoluwa S. Gandonu

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

Ilé Ìdásílẹ̀ Aṣọ directly translates to “House of Cloth Creation”. Yoruba fashion is more than attire; it is a cultural system that encodes identity, resilience, and social belonging through fabric. Every textile from the indigo-dyed adire of Osogbo to the ceremonial aso-oke woven in Abeokuta carries a story of community, heritage, and continuity. These materials serve not merely as garments but as living archives that express the Yoruba worldview through color, pattern, and form. Just as fashion weaves meaning into cloth, architecture can weave culture into space. Both disciplines involve composition, layering, and adaptation, reflecting how societies construct and express …

From Camps To Communities: A Spatial System For Refugee Recovery, Integration, And Independence, Neeya Yahaya

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

Global displacement has reached unprecedented levels, with over 114 million people forcibly displaced worldwide (UNHCR, 2024). Although refugee camps are intended as temporary emergency responses, the average duration of displacement has extended to approximately 17 years. During this time, displaced populations are typically housed in rural, border-adjacent settlements with limited access to infrastructure, economic systems, and social services. Designed for short-term survival, these environments often fail to support long-term recovery, resulting in prolonged dependency and continued exposure to instability.

This research defines this condition as temporary permanence: refugees remain in camps for years or decades in environments not designed to …

Piece By Peace: Reimagining Healing Spaces For Us Veterans, Gerdon Chavez

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

The study of U.S. Veterans mental illness presents a unique opportunity to explore how architecture can respond to the psychological, emotional and economic struggles through spaces that provide solutions beyond conventional institutional healthcare models. Findings suggest that veterans continue to experience complex forms of trauma, including but not limited to, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) and existing clinical spaces are often disconnected, making the reintegration back into society harder. This study will examine how architecture can shift its focus from housing a facility to becoming part of the process by integrating housing, therapeutic spaces and community …

Spaces Of Our Own: Reclaiming Community In Jaipur's Informal Settlements, Daisy Bhambhani

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

India’s rapid urbanization has resulted in fragmented urban fabrics, where women and children remain in vulnerable positions. They face systemic barriers in education, health, and social belonging due to under resourced environments. Despite the nation’s commitments to gender equality and the right to education, slum environments continue to lack adequate infrastructure that supports learning and collective well being. Architecture has the potential to combat these challenges by creating spaces that promote social inclusivity.

While architects and planners have recognized the increasing need for inclusive spaces, most projects do not explore how a built form itself can create empowerment within marginalized …