Signal Processing Commons^™

Testbed Creation To Study Noise Radar Network Weighting Models And Data Fusion With Radio Tomographic Imaging, Ryan M. Jans

Theses and Dissertations

Significant research has been conducted on RTI weighting models; however, very little comparative research has been conducted for NRN weighting methods. In order to create comparative weighting methods for NRN, it is necessary to create a testbed which allows for RTI and NRN research to be conducted simultaneously and allow for data fusion methods to also be researched. After creating the testbed and analyzing results, the newly proposed weighting method provides an up to 33% performance increase in target localization accuracy when compared to the previous weighting model used for NRN. The attenuation image resolution improvements resulted in a 79% …

Monocular Camera Localization Using A Bag Of Visual Words From Virtual World Data, Joshua A. Rinaldi

Theses and Dissertations

The Visual Localization problem is the question of how to use visual information to determine the location of the camera that captured that data. The wide availability and low price of RGB cameras has made this useful in many fields such as SLAM, SAM and AR. This research seeks to determine if a BOVW can adequately overcome repetitious features in indoor environments and be effectively incorporated into a VL pipeline.

Performance Assessment Of Navigation Using Carrier Doppler Measurements From Multiple Leo Constellations, Michael J. Hartnett

Theses and Dissertations

The goal of this work is to characterize a novel navigation method which uses carrier Doppler shift measurements from LEO satellites. An ever-growing reliance on the GNSS has coincided with an increase in ways it can be degraded or denied, whether naturally occurring or man-made. These potentially disastrous threats to traditional navigation and timing have necessitated new technologies to augment GNSS in the case of an outage. LEO constellations, whose size and higher signal power make them potentially useful for navigation, are one technology that has been explored. The navigation algorithms detailed in this research use Doppler measurements from 8 …

Physiological Signal Analysis For Emotion Estimation Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Janet Pulgares Soriano, Karla Conn Welch Phd

Posters-at-the-Capitol

The diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in children is based on human observations by a clinician. The medical evaluation assesses deficits in social communication, social interaction, and restricted, repetitive behaviors. Robotic technology can assist in quantitatively measuring the observations to be used as a future tool for autism diagnosis and intervention. The project explores this technology to produce robotic partners that can adapt to the needs of the ASD population. This way, such robots could serve as instructors or learning peers. A friendly, partner robot, specifically designed for children with ASD could be used to investigate the effect of …

Removing Physical Presence Requirements For A Remote And Automated World - Api Controlled Patch Panel For Conformance Testing, Hunter George Wells

Honors Theses and Capstones

Quality assurance test engineers at the UNH-InterOperability Lab must run tests that require driving and monitoring a selection of DC signals. While the number of signals is numerous, there are limited ports on the test equipment, and only a few signals need patching for any given test. The selection of signals may vary between the 209 different tests and must be re-routed frequently. Currently, testers must leave their desk to manually modify the test setup in another room. This posed a considerable issue at the onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic when physical access was not possible. In order to enable …

Detecting User Emotions From Audio Conversations With The Smart Assistants, Sunanda Guha

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

With the proliferation of smart home devices like Google Home or Amazon Alexa, significant research endeavors are being carried out to improve the user experience while interacting with these smart assistants. One such dimension in this endeavor is ongoing research on successful emotion detection from short voice commands used in smart home environment. Besides facial expression and body language, etc., speech plays a pivotal role in the classification of emotions when it comes to smart home application. Upon successful implementation of accurate emotion recognition, the smart devices will be able to intelligently and empathetically suggest appropriate actions based on the …

Deepfakes, Shallowfakes, And The Need For A Private Right Of Action, Eric Kocsis

Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)

For nearly as long as there have been photographs and videos, people have been editing and manipulating them to make them appear to be something they are not. Usually edited or manipulated photographs are relatively easy to detect, but those days are numbered. Technology has no morality; as it advances, so do the ways it can be misused. The lack of morality is no clearer than with deepfake technology.

People create deepfakes by inputting data sets, most often pictures or videos into a computer. A series of neural networks attempt to mimic the original data set until they are nearly …

On The Use Of High-Frequency Surface Wave Oceanographic Research Radars As Bistatic Single-Frequency Oblique Ionospheric Sounders, Stephen R. Kaeppler, Ethan S. Miller, Daniel Cole, Teresa Updyke

CCPO Publications

We demonstrate that bistatic reception of high-frequency oceanographic radars can be used as single-frequency oblique ionospheric sounders. We develop methods that are agnostic of the software-defined radio system to estimate the group range from the bistatic observations. The group range observations are used to estimate the virtual height and equivalent vertical frequency at the midpoint of the oblique propagation path. Uncertainty estimates of the virtual height and equivalent vertical frequency are presented. We apply this analysis to observations collected from two experiments run at two locations in different years, but utilizing similar software-defined radio data collection systems. In the first …

An Experimental Study Towards Underwater Propulsion System Using Structure Borne Traveling Waves, Shreyas Suhas Gadekar

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The method of generating steady-state structure-borne traveling waves underwater in an infinite media creates abundant opportunities in the field of propulsive applications, and they are gaining attention from several researchers. This experimental study provides a framework for harnessing traveling waves in a 1D beam immersed under quiescent water using two force input methods and providing a motion to an object floating on the surface of the water.

In this study, underwater traveling waves are tailored using structural vibrations at five different frequencies in the range of 10Hz to 300Hz. The resulting fluid motion provides a propulsive thrust that moves a …

Autonomous Wildfire Detection System, Matthew Pyle, Nick Garrett

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

According to the National Fire Protection Association Journal, federal wildfire suppression costs in the United States have risen from an annual average of about $425 million from 1985 to 1999 up to $1.6 billion from 2000 to 2019. On average, more than 200,000 acres in the United States are burned per year due to wildfires, with more than 700,000 acres burned in 2020 alone. With the risk of wildfire ever rising, there is a need for better early detection of remote wildfires, as existing methods often include long delays like satellites or rely on human lookout towers. The objective is …

Smart Kettlebell, Cole Russell, Patrick Davis, Ryan Deboer, Isaac Stecker

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

The purpose of design team 08’s senior design project is to create and implement a workout device that will be able to calculate the caloric expenditure, repetitions, and length of a workout. Once the duration of a workout is completed, the user metrics will be communicated from the kettlebell system to a user application via Bluetooth. The caloric expenditure will be used using the data that is provided from the accelerometer. The duration of the workout will be controlled using a push button that is connected to the kettlebell system that will allow for the start and stop of a …

Design Project: 3d Printer/Injection Molder Hybrid, Lee Paolucci, Luke Everhart, Brandon Leap, Karson Lorey

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

In the realm of rapid, small-scale prototyping, there are a few main factors that drive decisions to invest resources in technology to make that prototyping possible. Cost and ease of use are two of the most influential when looking at most SMEs (Small to Medium-sized Enterprises). The U.S. Small Business Administration defines an SME as smaller than 1,250 employees. According to An Assessment of Implementation of Entry-Level 3D Printers from the Perspective of Small Businesses, 59% of small manufacturers had implemented 3D printers as of 2014. However, no matter what technology is used in rapid prototyping, there are common …

Identifying Code Reading Strategies In Debugging Using Sta With A Tolerance Algorithm, Christine Lourrine S. Tablatin, Ma. Mercedes T. Rodrigo

Department of Information Systems & Computer Science Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to identify the common code reading strategies of the high and low performing students engaged in a debugging task. Using Scanpath Trend Analysis (STA) with a tolerance on eye tracking data, common scanpaths of high and low performing students were generated. The common scanpaths revealed differences in the code reading patterns and code reading strategies of high and low performing students. High performing students follow a bottom-up code reading strategy when debugging complex programs with logical and semantic errors. A top-down code reading strategy is employed when debugging programs with simple control structures, few …

Synthesizing Dysarthric Speech Using Multi-Speaker Tts For Dsyarthric Speech Recognition, Mohammad Soleymanpour

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder often characterized by reduced speech intelligibility through slow, uncoordinated control of speech production muscles. Automatic Speech recognition (ASR) systems may help dysarthric talkers communicate more effectively. However, robust dysarthria-specific ASR requires a significant amount of training speech is required, which is not readily available for dysarthric talkers.

In this dissertation, we investigate dysarthric speech augmentation and synthesis methods. To better understand differences in prosodic and acoustic characteristics of dysarthric spontaneous speech at varying severity levels, a comparative study between typical and dysarthric speech was conducted. These characteristics are important components for dysarthric speech modeling, …

Effect Of Freestream Noise On Hypersonic Crossflow-Induced Boundary-Layer Transition, Andrew Bustard, Thomas J. Juliano, Harrison B. Yates, Mark Noftz, Joseph Jewell

Publications

Between the windward and leeward rays, boundary-layer transition on cones at angle of attack in hypersonic flow is dominated by the crossflow instability [1, 2], wherein stationary and/or traveling crossflow vortices develop and can breakdown into turbulence [3]. Stationary crossflow modes are caused by surface roughness or any other steady forcing and produce disturbances that are fixed in place on the surface [3–6]. Stationary vortices create a generalized inflection point in the velocity profile that is inviscidly unstable [7]. This distorted mean flow develops secondary instabilities, whose growth and breakdown is one path to turbulence [8–10]. Traveling crossflow modes are …

Real-Time Cavity Fault Prediction In Cebaf Using Deep Learning, Md. M. Rahman, K. Iftekharuddin, A. Carptenter, T. Mcguckin, C. Tennant, L. Vidyaratne, Sandra Biedron (Ed.), Evgenya Simakov (Ed.), Stephen Milton (Ed.), Petr M. Anisimov (Ed.), Volker R.W. Schaa (Ed.)

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Data-driven prediction of future faults is a major research area for many industrial applications. In this work, we present a new procedure of real-time fault prediction for superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities at the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) using deep learning. CEBAF has been afflicted by frequent downtime caused by SRF cavity faults. We perform fault prediction using pre-fault RF signals from C100-type cryomodules. Using the pre-fault signal information, the new algorithm predicts the type of cavity fault before the actual onset. The early prediction may enable potential mitigation strategies to prevent the fault. In our work, we apply …

A Primer On Software Defined Radios, Dimitrie C. Popescu, Rolland Vida

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The commercial success of cellular phone systems during the late 1980s and early 1990 years heralded the wireless revolution that became apparent at the turn of the 21st century and has led the modern society to a highly interconnected world where ubiquitous connectivity and mobility are enabled by powerful wireless terminals. Software defined radio (SDR) technology has played a major role in accelerating the pace at which wireless capabilities have advanced, in particular over the past 15 years, and SDRs are now at the core of modern wireless communication systems. In this paper we give an overview of SDRs that …

Inferential Statistics And Information Theoretical Measures: An Approach To Interference Detection In Radio Astronomy, Morgan R. Dameron

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In a time when technology is rapidly growing, radio observatories are now able to expand their computational power to achieve higher receiver sensitivity power and a more flexible realtime computing approach to probe the universe for its composition and study new astronomical phenomena. This allows searches to go deeper into the universe, and results in the recording of massive quantities of observed data. At the same time, this increases the amount of radio frequency interference (RFI) found in the obtained observatory data. The high power of RFI easily masks the low power of extraterrestrial signals, making them hard to detect …

A Tool For Biometric Interpretation Of Forensic Str Dna Profiles, Ahmad Jamal Baroudi

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Rapid DNA biometric identification applications are becoming more essential and widely used in human identity validation processes. Despite their powerful identification capabilities, processing a sample to generate a forensic DNA profile still takes longer compared with other rapid biometric technologies. Methods used to speed up the analysis could lead to signal artifacts similar to those arising from low copy or degraded DNA samples, making the electropherogram unsuitable for forensic interpretation and analysis. The goal of this research effort is to apply biometrics and mathematical approaches to forensic STR (Short Tandem Repeat) profiles. To accomplish this goal, a multi-function software tool …

Information Theoretical Analysis Of The Uniqueness Of Iris Biometrics, Katelyn M. Hampel

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

With the rapid globalization of technology in the world, the need for a more reliable and secure online method of authentication is required. This can be achieved by using each individual’s distinctive biometric identifiers, such as the face, iris, fingerprint, palmprint, etc.; however, there is a bound to the uniqueness of each identifier and consequently, a limit to the capacity that a biometric recognition system can sustain before false matches occur. Therefore, knowing the limitations on the maximum population that a biometric modality can uniquely represent is essential now more than ever. In an effort to address the general problem, …