Electrical and Computer Engineering Commons^™

A Physical Unclonable Function Derived From The Power Distribution System Of An Integrated Circuit, Ryan Lee Helinski

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Hardware support for security mechanisms such as authentication, cryptographic protocols, digital rights management and hardware metering depend heavily on the security of embedded secret keys. The current practice of embedding these keys as digital data in the Integrated Circuit (IC) weakens security because the keys can be learned through attacks. Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are a recently- proposed alternative to storing digital keys on the IC. A PUF leverages the inherent manufacturing variations of an IC to define a random function. However, poor performance under PUF quality criteria such as the level of randomness and reproducibility in the responses have …

Applying Multi-Packet Reception With Dtn In Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks, Feng Gu

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

In the past decades, wireless network technologies have been widely applied to numerous different scenarios, in which Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) is one application that provides inter-vehicle communication services by using self-organized routing schemes. VANET usually fits in Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) in which nodes are partially connected and existing path may not available between partial nodes due to limited distance for wireless transmissions. To achieve successful packets delivery in DTN, routing protocols have been proposed by using the mechanism of store and forward as well as propagating multiple copies of original packets in the network. With the mobility of …

Design Of A Readout Integrated Circuit (Roic) For Infrared Imaging Applications, Anahita Khoshakhlagh

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

There has been a growing interest in using Infrared (IR) imaging systems in various applications ranging from medical diagnosis to military surveillance. The quality of the IR imaging systems depends on 1) the sensitivity of the Focal Plane Arrays (FPA) as the transducer of the electromagnetic wave and 2) the Readout Integrated Circuit (ROIC) that provides the pixel data to the processing unit. In this thesis, we describe specific ROIC designed for a dual-band IR imaging system. In particular, we focus on the ROIC part and propose an efficient circuit that meets several design objectives, including minimum power, minimum cost, …

On-Orbit Fpga Seu Mitigation And Measurement Experiments On The Cibola Flight Experiment Satellite, William A. Howes

Theses and Dissertations

This work presents on-orbit experiments conducted to validate SEU mitigation and detection techniques on FPGA devices and to measure SEU rates in FPGAs and SDRAM. These experiments were designed for the Cibola Flight Experiment Satellite (CFESat), which is an operational technology pathfinder satellite built around 9 Xilinx Virtex FPGAs and developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The on-orbit validation experiments described in this work have operated for over four thousand FPGA device days and have validated a variety of SEU mitigation and detection techniques including triple modular redundancy, duplication with compare, reduced precision redundancy, and SDRAM and FPGA block memory …

Card Counting Meets Hidden Markov Models, Steven J. Aragon

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

The Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a stochastic process that involves an unobservable Markov Chain and an observable output at each state in the chain. Hidden Markov Models are described by three parameters: A, B, and \uf070. A is a matrix that holds the transition probabilities for the unobservable states. B is a matrix that holds the probabilities for the output of an observable event at each unobservable state. Finally, \uf070 represents the prior probability of beginning in a particular unobservable state. Three fundamental questions arise with respect to HMMs. First, given A, B, and \uf070, what is the probability …

Modeling Of A Gimbal Azimuth Drive And Simulation Of Control Techniques, Frank Matt Broilo

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

A common problem in developing new gimbal products is predicting performance. At the beginning of the design stage, typically the proposal writing stage, it is critical to be able to anticipate the performance of a design, which may still be very roughly defined. Static performance metrics such as pointing accuracy are easier to predict and can be related to position sensor resolution and compliance in the structure and drive. Dynamic performance metrics such as rate tracking and bandwidth are much more difficult to estimate. These dynamic parameters will serve as the results of this paper. A gimbal model is usually …

Performance Limit Of Image Segmentation Algorithms, Renbin Peng, P. K. Varshney

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - All Scholarship

Image segmentation is a very important step in image analysis, and performance evaluation of segmentation algorithms plays a key role both in developing efficient algorithms and in selecting suitable methods for the given tasks. Although a number of publications have appeared on segmentation methodology and segmentation performance evaluation, little attention has been given to statistically bounding the performance of image segmentation algorithms. In this paper, a modified Cramér–Rao bound combined with the Affine bias model is employed to determine the performance limit of image segmentation algorithms. A fuzzy segmentation formulation is considered, of which hard segmentation is a special case. …

Apparatus For Converting Direct Current To Alternating Current Using Multiple Converters, Patrick L. Chapman, Brian T. Kuhn, Robert S. Balog, Jonathan W. Kimball, Philip T. Krein, Alexander Gray, T. Esram

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

An inverter for converting an input direct current (DC) waveform from a DC source to an output alternating current (AC) waveform for delivery to an AC grid includes an input converter, an output converter, and an active filter, each of which is electrically coupled to a bus. The bus may be a DC bus or an AC bus. The input converter is configured to convert the input DC waveform to a DC or AC bus waveform. The output converter is configured to convert the bus waveform to the output AC waveform at a grid frequency. The active filter is configured …

Electric Guitar Amplifier With Digital Effects, Shawn Garrett

Computer Engineering

During the course of this project, the research and development of an electric guitar amplifier was undertaken. This amplifier is divided into three distinct sections. The power distribution circuitry provides the proper voltages to safely operate all necessary components. The DSP and digital effects stage provides processing and allows the user to add digital effects to the original guitar sound. The amplification stage increases the power of the input signal to drive a loudspeaker. Due to several setbacks throughout the course of this project, the overall amplifier was not completed. All three of the sections were developed to working functionality, …

P300-Based Brain-Computer Interface Paradigm Design, Reza Fazel-Rezai, Waqas Ahmad

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

"Buried-Anode" Technology Leads To Advanced Lithium Batteries, National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Publications (E)

A technology developed at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory has sparked a start-up company that has attracted funding from the Advanced Projects Research Agency-Energy (ARPA-E). Planar Energy, Inc. has licensed NREL's "buried-anode" technology and put it to work in solid-state lithium batteries. The company claims its large-format batteries can achieve triple the performance of today's lithium-ion batteries at half the cost, and if so, they could provide a significant boost to the emerging market for electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles.

Time–Frequency Cepstral Features And Heteroscedastic Linear Discriminant Analysis For Language Recognition, Wei-Qiang Zhang, Liang He, Yan Deng, Jia Liu, Michael T. Johnson

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

The shifted delta cepstrum (SDC) is a widely used feature extraction for language recognition (LRE). With a high context width due to incorporation of multiple frames, SDC outperforms traditional delta and acceleration feature vectors. However, it also introduces correlation into the concatenated feature vector, which increases redundancy and may degrade the performance of backend classifiers. In this paper, we first propose a time-frequency cepstral (TFC) feature vector, which is obtained by performing a temporal discrete cosine transform (DCT) on the cepstrum matrix and selecting the transformed elements in a zigzag scan order. Beyond this, we increase discriminability through a heteroscedastic …

Nanostructured Substrate With Nanoparticles Fabricated By Femtosecond Laser For Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering, Yukun Han, Zhi Liang, Huilai Sun, Hai Xiao, Hai-Lung Tsai

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A Simple and Fast Method to Fabricate Nanostructured Substrates with Silver Nanoparticles over a Large Area for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) is Reported. the Method Involves Two Steps: (1) Dip the Substrate into a Silver Nitrate Solution for a Few Minutes, Remove the Substrate from the Solution, and Then Air Dry and (2) Process the Silver Nitrate Coated Substrate by Femtosecond (Fs) Laser Pulses in Air. the Second Step Can Create Silver Nanoparticles Distributed on the Nanostructured Surface of the Substrate by the Photoreduction of Fs Multiphoton Effects. This Study Demonstrates that an Enhancement Factor (EF) Greater Than 5x105, Measured …

Sar Map Of Gel Phantom In A 64mhz Mri Birdcage By Fiber-Optic Thermometry And Fdtd Simulation, Chirag Mukesh Patel

Master's Theses

As implantable medical devices are being used more often to treat medical problems for which pharmaceuticals don’t suffice, it is important to understand their interactions with commonly used medical modalities. The interactions between medical implants and Magnetic Resonance Imaging machines have proven to be a risk for patients with implants.

Implanted medical devices with elongated metallic components can create harmful levels of local heating in a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) environment [1]. The heating of a biological medium under MRI is monitored via the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR). SAR, defined as power absorbed per unit mass (W/kg), can be calculated …

Markov Models For Biogeography-Based Optimization, Daniel J. Simon, Mehmet Ergezer, Dawei Du, Rick Rarick

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Biogeography-based optimization (BBO) is a population-based evolutionary algorithm that is based on the mathematics of biogeography. Biogeography is the science and study of the geographical distribution of biological organisms. In BBO, problem solutions are analogous to islands, and the sharing of features between solutions is analogous to the migration of species. This paper derives Markov models for BBO with selection, migration, and mutation operators. Our models give the theoretically exact limiting probabilities for each possible population distribution for a given problem. We provide simulation results to confirm the Markov models.

Dynamic Companion Harmonic Circuit Models For Analysis Of Power Systems With Embedded Power Electronics Devices, H. Garcia, M. Madrigal, B. Vyakaranam, R. Rarick, F. Eugenio Villaseca

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

In this paper a methodology that extends the dynamic harmonic domain (DHD) analysis of large networks is presented. The method combines DHD analysis and discrete companion circuit modeling resulting in a powerful analytic technique called dynamic companion harmonic circuit modeling. It provides for a complete dynamic harmonic analysis of the system while preserving the advantages of discrete companion circuit models. The methodology is illustrated by its application to a three-node power system, where reactive power compensation is achieved using a fixed-capacitor, thyristor-controlled reactor (FC-TCR) and its control system.

Constant Power Control Of Dfig Wind Turbines With Supercapacitor Energy Storage, Liyan Qu, Wei Qiao

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

With the increasing penetration of wind power into electric power grids, energy storage devices will be required to dynamically match the intermittency of wind energy. This paper proposes a novel two-layer constant power control scheme for a wind farm equipped with doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbines. Each DFIG wind turbine is equipped with a super-capacitor energy storage system (ESS) and is controlled by the low-layer wind turbine generator (WTG) controllers and coordinated by a high-layer wind farm supervisory controller (WFSC). The WFSC generates the active power references for the low-layer WTG controllers according to the active power demand …

An Extended Cavity Method To Analyze Slot Coupling Between Printed Circuit Board Cavities, Gang Feng, Jun Fan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In high-speed multilayer printed circuit boards, gaps are commonly used in planes, where different areas are utilized for different logic levels or where noise isolation from one area to another is necessary. However, these gap structures could present serious signal integrity and electromagnetic interference issues. in this paper, an extended cavity method is developed to characterize noise coupling caused by slots or gaps in the middle plane of a three-plane structure. According to the equivalence principle, the entire structure can be divided into two plane pairs without any slot in the middle plane, and then, equivalent magnetic currents are needed …

Versatile Spectral Imaging With An Algorithm-Based Spectrometer Using Highly Tuneable Quantum Dot Infrared Photodetectors, Peter Vines, Chee Hing Tan, John P.R. David, Ram S. Attaluri, Thomas E. Vanderveldt, Sanjay Krishna, Woo-Yong Jang, Majeed M. Hayat

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

We report on the implementation of an algorithm-based spectrometer capable of reconstructing the spectral shape of materials in the mid-wave infrared (MWIR) and long-wave infrared (LWIR) wavelengths using only experimental photocurrent measurements from quantum dot infrared photodetectors (QDIPs). The theory and implementation of the algorithm will be described, followed by an investigation into this algorithmic spectrometer's performance. Compared to the QDIPs utilized in an earlier implementation, the ones used here have highly varying spectral shapes and four spectral peaks across the MWIR and LWIR wavelengths. It has been found that the spectrometer is capable of reconstructing broad spectral features of …

Underwater Communication Via Particle Velocity Channels : Principles, Channel Models, And System Design, Huaihai Guo

Dissertations

A vector sensor is capable of measuring important non-scalar components of the acoustic field such as the particle velocity, which cannot be obtained by a single scalar pressure sensor. In the past few decades, extensive research has been conducted on the theory and design of vector sensors. On the other hand, underwater acoustic communication systems have been relying on scalar sensors only, which measure the pressure of the acoustic field. By taking advantage of the vector components of the acoustic field, such as the particle velocity, the vector sensor can be used for detecting the transmitted data. In this dissertation, …