Electromagnetics and Photonics Commons^™

Magnetophotonic Intensity Effects In Hybrid Metal-Dielectric Structures, V I. Belotelov, L E. Kreilkamp, A N. Kalish, I A. Akimov, D A. Bykov, S Kasture, V J. Yallapragada, A V. Gopal, A M. Grishin, S I. Khartsev, Mohammad Nurealam, Mikhail Vasiliev, L L. Doskolovich, D R. Yakovlev, Kamal Alameh, A K. Zvezdin, M Bayer

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The magneto-optical properties of a hybrid metal-dielectric structure consisting of a one-dimensional gold grating on top of a magnetic waveguide layer are studied experimentally and theoretically. It is demonstrated that a magnetic field applied in the longitudinal configuration (in the plane of the magnetic film and perpendicular to the slits in the gold grating) to the metal-dielectric structure modifies the field distribution of the optical modes and thus changes the mode excitation conditions. In the optical far field, this manifests in the alteration of the optical transmittance or reflectance when the structure becomes magnetized. This magneto-optical effect is shown to …

Fea Estimation And Experimental Validation Of Solid Rotor And Magnet Eddy Current Loss In Single-Sided Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Machines, Xu Yang

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The rotor and magnet loss in single-sided axial ux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines with non-overlapped windings is studied in this dissertation. Finite element analysis (FEA) estimations of the loss are carried out using both 2D and 3D modeling. The rotor and magnet losses are determined separately for stator slot passing and MMF space harmonics from currents in the stator. The segregation of loss between the solid rotor plate and the magnet is addressed. The eddy current loss reduction by magnet segmentation is discussed as well. Two prototype 24 slot/22 pole single-sided AFPMs, fabricated with both single layer (SL) and double …

Enhancing Gan Led Efficiency Through Nano-Gratings And Standing Wave Analysis, Gabriel M. Halpin

Master's Theses

Improving energy efficient lighting is a necessary step in reducing energy consumption.Lighting currently consumes 17% of all U.S. residential and commercial electricity, but a report from the U.S. Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy projects that switching to LED lighting over the next 20 years will save 46% of electricity used in lighting.GaN LEDs are used for their efficient conversion of electricity to light, but improving GaN efficiency requires optically engineering the chip to extract more light.Total internal reflection limits GaN LED performance since light must approach the chip surface within 23.6° of normal to escape into air.This thesis …

Analysis Of A Miniature Radio Frequency Ion Thruster With An Inductively Coupled Plasma Source, Peter Paul Bumbarger

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

The performance of a 2 cm miniature ion thruster was analyzed. A thruster of this size was predicted to produce a thrust of 200 μN. The plasma density was measured against rf input power and propellant flow rate for three configurations: the ICP source by itself; the ICP source with discharge chamber; and finally, the ICP source, the discharge chamber, and the permanent magnet cusp system. Once the optimum case was determined, electrostatic grids were added and thrust measurements were taken with a set of segmented ion collector plates.

The miniature rf ion thruster obtained a thrust of 22.35 μN …

An Approximation Method For Solving Complex Electromagnetics Problems Using The Volume Integral Equation, Ryan Nobis, Dan Jiao, Saad Omar

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Solving complex electric field problems can lead researchers to a host of electronic characteristics about an inhomogeneous, complex object. However due to the complexity of these electric fields, a computer needs to be used in order to solve them. Due to the size of the matrices for some problems, methods for improving speed and performance for these algorithms are absolutely necessary. A Volume Integral Equation was used to solve the Electric Field Displacement, D, and approximate the differential term in this equation. The problem was next discretized using phasors, so that it can computationally be solved. Data used to form …

Finite-Difference Time-Domain Simulation Of Photovoltaic Structures Using A Graphical User Interface For Meep, Xin Tze Tee, Peter Bermel

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

There is a large and growing need for accurate full-wave optical simulations of complex systems such as photovoltaic (PV) cells, particularly at the nanoscale. A finite-difference time-domain tool known as MEEP offers this capability in principle, through C++ libraries and the Scheme programming language. For expert users, this approach has been quite successful, but there is also great interest from new and less frequent users in starting to use MEEP. In order to facilitate this process, we have developed a graphical user interface (GUI) for MEEP, geared toward simulation of 2D and 3D PV cell geometries, freely available through a …

Thermophotovoltaic System Efficiency Simulation, Qingshuang Chen, Roman Shugayev, Peter Bermel

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) power systems, which convert heat into electricity using a photovoltaic diode to collect thermal radiation, have attracted increasing attention in recent work. It has recently been proposed that new optical structures such as photonic crystals can significantly improve the efficiency of these devices in two ways. First, the electronic bandgap of the TPV diode should match the photonic bandgap of the emitter, in order to ensure that the majority of emitted photons can be converted. Second, a photonic crystal short-pass optical filter can be added to the front of the TPV diode to send long wavelength photons back …

Optics And Spectroscopy In Massive Electrodynamic Theory, Adam Caccavano

Dissertations and Theses

The kinematics and dynamics for plane wave optics are derived for a massive electrodynamic field by utilizing Proca's theory. Atomic spectroscopy is also examined, with the focus on the 21 cm radiation due to the hyperfine structure of hydrogen. The modifications to Snell's Law, the Fresnel formulas, and the 21 cm radiation are shown to reduce to the familiar expressions in the limit of zero photon mass.

High-Power Microwave/ Radio-Frequency Components, Circuits, And Subsystems For Next-Generation Wireless Radio Front-Ends, Kenle Chen

Open Access Dissertations

As the wireless communication systems evolve toward the future generation, intelligence will be the main signature/trend, well known as the concepts of cognitive and software-defined radios which offer ultimate data transmission speed, spectrum access, and user capacity. During this evolution, the human society may experience another round of `information revolution'. However, one of the major bottlenecks of this promotion lies in hardware realization, since all the aforementioned intelligent systems are required to cover a broad frequency range to support multiple communication bands and dissimilar standards. As the essential part of the hardware, power amplifiers (PAs) capable of operating over a …

Harmonic Generation In Multiresonant Plasma Films, Maria Antonietta Vincenti, Domenico De Ceglia, Joseph W. Haus, Michael Scalora

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

We investigate second- and third-harmonic generation in a slab of material that displays plasma resonances at the pump and its harmonic frequencies. Near-zero refractive indices and local field enhancement can deplete the pump for kW/cm² incident powers, without resorting to other resonant photonic mechanisms. We show that low-threshold, highly efficient nonlinear processes are possible in the presence of losses and phase mismatch in structures that are 10⁴ times shorter than typical nonlinear crystals, for relatively low irradiance values.

A Dynamic Magnetic Equivalent Circuit Model For Design And Control Of Wound Rotor Synchronous Machines, Xiaoqi Wang

Open Access Dissertations

Recently, a new magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) model was developed to support automated multi-objective design of wound-rotor synchronous machines (WRSMs). In this research, the MEC model and its application have been enhanced. Initial enhancement has focused on using the MEC model to explore machine design and control as a unified problem. Excitation strategies for optimal steady-state performance have been developed. The optimization is implemented in two phases. First, stator and field excitation at rated power is obtained as part of a WRSM design in which the objectives are to minimize machine mass and loss. Second, a map between current and …

Filter Synthesis And Design Techniques For Highly Adaptable Systems, Eric James Naglich

Open Access Dissertations

Software defined radio and cognitive radio (SDR/CR) are promising concepts toward more optimally using the electromagnetic spectrum for communications and data transfer. These systems are highly agile in terms of modulation technique and frequency of operation due to early digitization and software processing of received radio frequency signals. However, the front ends of SDR/CR systems often use static antennas and switched banks of static, wide bandwidth filters before the digitization process. These components limit the ability of SDR/CR systems to operate in environments with high levels of interference and are therefore a bottleneck in the path to achieving optimal adaptation …

Footwear Antennas For Body Area Telemetry, Domenico Gaetano, Patrick Mcevoy, Max Ammann, Jacinta Browne, Louise Keating, Frances Horgan

Articles

Antennas designed to link footwear sensors within body centric networks are introduced with two small UWB antennas, one directional and another quasi-omnidirectional. The radiating characteristics are evaluated for three positions on a sample sports shoe using a detailed simulation model and measurements with a homogenous foot phantom. Antenna performance is assessed for resilience to close proximity loading by the footwear materials and the phantom foot.

Nonlinear Dynamics Of Bragg-Domain Acousto-Optic Hybrid Feedback For First-Order Scattering Of Profiled Optical Beams, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee, Fares S. Almehmadi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

A series of recent studies involving hybrid acousto-optic (AO) scattering in the Bragg domain under first-order feedback have shown the ability of the AO feedback system to encrypt, transmit and decrypt RF information applied via the sound driver. The basic premise of this operation is founded on the chaotic nature of the hybrid Bragg cell under feedback.

A Compact, Reconfigurable Uhf Communication System Design For Use With Polysat's Embedded Linux Platform, Austin Williams

Master's Theses

The beginning of this thesis provides an overview of the heritage UHF Communication System design flown on CP2, CP3, CP4, CP5, and CP6, summarizing previous analysis of its performance, and providing the justification for a complete system re-design. High level requirements for the new UHF System are defined, and a trade study is performed on state-of-the-art single chip transceivers, low noise amplifiers, and transmit power amplifiers. These components are then designed into a functional communication system, with key components analyzed for proper impedance matching and performance characterization compared to expected datasheet values. Next, the system as a whole is characterized …

Ground State Of The Singly Ionized Oxygen Vacancy In Rutile Tio2, A. T. Brant, Nancy C. Giles, Shan Yang (杨山), M. A. R. Sarker, S. Watauchi, M. Nagao, I. Tanaka, D. A. Tryk, A. Manivannan, Larry E. Halliburton

Faculty Publications

Results from electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) experiments are used to establish the model for the ground state of the singly ionized oxygen vacancy in the interior of bulk rutile TiO₂ crystals. Hyperfine from ⁴⁷Ti and ⁴⁹Ti nuclei show that the unpaired electron in this S = 1/2 defect is localized on one titanium ion adjacent to the oxygen vacancy (i.e., the spin is not shared by two titanium ions). These defects are formed at low temperature (∼35 K) in as-grown oxidized crystals when sub-band-gap 442 nm laser light converts doubly ionized nonparamagnetic …

Dual Circularly-Polarized Patch Antenna Using Even And Odd Feed-Line Modes, Adam Narbudowicz, Xiulong Bao, Max Ammann

Articles

This paper proposes a new patch antenna with dual circularly polarized capability at 2.575 GHz. The design exploits the even and odd modes in a coplanar waveguide transmission line and enables simultaneous right- and left-handed circular polarization, with two individual excitation ports. A patch antenna is fed by multimode transmission line and the advantages and disadvantages are discussed. A prototyped antenna realized up to 20 dB isolation between ports with S21 < -10dB bandwidth of 87 MHz. Realized gains for the two modes of operation are 5.77 and 7.23 dBic. The proposed structure is compact and easy to manufacture.

Investigation Of Negative Index In Dispersive, Chiral Materials Via Contra-Propagating Velocities Under Second-Order Dispersion (Gvd), Monish Ranjan Chatterjee, Tarig A. Algadey

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Negative refractive index arises typically in metamaterials via multiple routes. One such avenue is the condition where the Poynting vector of the electromagnetic wave is in opposition to the group velocity in the material. An earlier work along this route in a chiral material led to the well-known result of requiring very large (non-realizable) chirality.

Thereafter, a combination of chirality together with first-order dispersion was examined using plane wave electromagnetic analysis. To arrive at the conclusions in that approach, the three wave velocities (energy, group and phase) were derived under first-order dispersion in permittivity, permeability and chirality. Negative index in …

Numerical Examination Of Acousto-Optic Bragg Interactions For Profiled Lightwaves Using A Transfer Function Formalism, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee, Fares S. Almehmadi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Classically, acousto-optic (AO) interactions comprise scattering of photons by energetic phonons into higher and lower orders. Standard weak interaction theory describes diffraction in the Bragg regime as the propagation of a uniform plane wave of light through a uniform plane wave of sound, resulting in the well-known first- and zeroth-order diffraction.

Our preliminary investigation of the nature of wave diffraction and photon scattering from a Bragg cell under intensity feedback with profiled light beams indicates that the diffracted (upshifted photon) light continues to maintain the expected (uniform plane wave) behavior versus the optical phase shift in the cell within a …

Adaptive Wiener Filter Super-Resolution Of Color Filter Array Images, Barry K. Karch, Russell C. Hardie

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Digital color cameras using a single detector array with a Bayer color filter array (CFA) require interpolation or demosaicing to estimate missing color information and provide full-color images. However, demosaicing does not specifically address fundamental undersampling and aliasing inherent in typical camera designs. Fast non-uniform interpolation based super-resolution (SR) is an attractive approach to reduce or eliminate aliasing and its relatively low computational load is amenable to real-time applications. The adaptive Wiener filter (AWF) SR algorithm was initially developed for grayscale imaging and has not previously been applied to color SR demosaicing. Here, we develop a novel fast SR method …