Design Of A Laboratory Annular Combustor, 2021 RK University, Gujarat, India
Design Of A Laboratory Annular Combustor, Sathish Dharmalingam, Kartik Dolarkumar Kothari
International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace
Combustion lies at the heart of gas turbine technology. The combustor is the power source that aids the acceleration of flight. It provides the core functionality of adding heat through the controlled burn of the air-fuel mixture, converted into mechanical energy with the help of turbines. This extracted power has been used to produce thrust in the case of aircraft or to produce electrical energy in the case of industrial gas turbines. Designing an annular combustor involves a rigorous iterative process, and there is no systematic procedure available to design a small-scale laboratory combustor, used for research and academic purposes. …
Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems Acoustic Analysis For Noninvasive Marine Mammal Response: An Exploratory Field Study, 2021 Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems Acoustic Analysis For Noninvasive Marine Mammal Response: An Exploratory Field Study, David Thirtyacre, Gennifer Brookshire, Sarah Callan, Brittany Arvizu, Patrick Sherman
International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace
As in countless other fields of human endeavor, small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) have the potential to benefit pinniped (Pinnipedia; e.g., Phocidae [seals], Otariidae [sea lions], and Odobenidae [walruses]) response efforts. The employment of sUAS could give responders a close-up look at animals in distress in order to determine their condition as well as develop a response strategy. However, unlike other subjects that are regularly inspected by sUAS (e.g., croplands and civil infrastructure) pinnipeds may respond to the distinctive sound generated by small, multirotor sUAS. This reaction may include retreating into the water en masse, which could put …
Numerical Analysis Of Aerospike Engine Nozzle Performance At Various Truncation Lengths, 2021 The University of Nottingham
Numerical Analysis Of Aerospike Engine Nozzle Performance At Various Truncation Lengths, Sam Dakka Dr, Oliver Dennison
International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace
The aerospike engine was first devised in the early 1960s where it provided new means of reaching orbit in a single stage. The paper aimes to demonstrate the viability of the technology by showcasing the increased nozzle thrust efficiency over the conventional bell nozzle. Various truncations were applied to the nozzle and each was subjected to two conditions, an over-expansion and near optimum condition. The nozzle contour was developed using the simple approximation method and was chosen to replicate that of the XRS-2200. This anchored the data, thereby validating the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. Simulations were completed for at …
Development Of A Single Emitter Ionic Liquid Ion Source Research Platform, 2020 Western Michigan University
Development Of A Single Emitter Ionic Liquid Ion Source Research Platform, Thomas V. Kerber
Masters Theses
A single emitter ionic liquid ion source using porous borosilicate glass was developed. Two emitters with different radii of curvatures were tested using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMI-BF4). I-V curves of the currents on the extractor electrode and a collector plate were obtained for potential differences between the emitter and the extractor ranging from 0 V to 3500 V. For the first emitter chip, extraction began near 2400 V. The highest emission current measured on the first chip was 80 µA at 3500 V with an interception current on the extractor of 4.86 µA. An new collector plate was used …
Analysis For Hybrid Rocket Fuel Regression Using Stereolithographic Geometry, 2020 Air Force Institute of Technology
Analysis For Hybrid Rocket Fuel Regression Using Stereolithographic Geometry, Michael P. King
Theses and Dissertations
Hybrid Rocket Engines (HRE) have characteristically low fuel regression that limits their performance. Additive manufacturing and rapid prototyping can possibly solve some of the problems with Hybrid propulsion regression by creating geometry not possible with conventional manufacturing. This work is attempting to make geometric regression simulation of HRE easier by using STereoLithography (STL files) as the geometry. This analysis sets flow conditions, boundary conditions, propellant selection, and allows for fuel geometry to be altered to simulate geometry’s effects on regression rate and propellant performance. This model can be used for more advanced geometric analysis to improve and predict performance.
Study Of Control Schemes For Series Hybrid-Electric Powertrain For Unmanned Aerial Systems, 2020 Louisiana State University at Baton Rouge
Study Of Control Schemes For Series Hybrid-Electric Powertrain For Unmanned Aerial Systems, Darren A. Dehesa Jr
LSU Master's Theses
Hybrid-Electric aircraft powertrain modeling for Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) is a useful tool for predicting powertrain performance of the UAS aircraft. However, for small UAS, potential gains in range and endurance can depend significantly on the aircraft flight profile and powertrain control logic in addition to the subsequent impact on the performance of powertrain components. Small UAS aircraft utilize small-displacement engines with poor thermal efficiency and, therefore, could benefit from a hybridized powertrain by reducing fuel consumption. This study uses a dynamic simulation of a UAS, representative flight profiles, and powertrain control logic approaches to evaluate the performance of a …
Celebrating 90-Orbits Around The Sun, 2020 Southwestern Oklahoma State University
Celebrating 90-Orbits Around The Sun, Stafford Air & Space Museum
Programs
In celebration of the 90th birthday of Oklahoma astronaut and aerospace legend, Gen. Thomas P. Stafford, the Stafford Air & Space Museum in Weatherford, Oklahoma is offering free admission on September 17th, 2020.
Unless stated otherwise within this repository collection, all materials are shared under the following Creative Commons license: [Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License].
Investigating Newly Discovered Oscillation Modes In Magnetically Shielded Hall Effect Thrusters Utilizing High Speed Diagnostics, 2020 Western Michigan University
Investigating Newly Discovered Oscillation Modes In Magnetically Shielded Hall Effect Thrusters Utilizing High Speed Diagnostics, Matthew Joseph Baird
Dissertations
Magnetically shielded Hall effect thrusters (MSHETs) are a variant of Hall effect thrusters (HET) that provide the favorable thrust-to-power ratio and high specific impulse of traditional stationary plasma type (STP) HETs but with an extremely long lifetime. MSHETs exhibit unique discharge plasma oscillations compared to traditional unshielded HETs. In this study, measurements of plasma oscillations in the state-of-the-art 12.5 kW Hall Effect Rocket with Magnetic Shielding (HERMeS) were obtained at various discharge voltages while holding other operation parameters constant. Data were collected using high-speed imaging, voltage, current, and plasma probes. The thruster exhibits two dominant oscillation modes within the discharge …
Development Of High-Density Propulsion System Technologies For Interplanetary Small Satellites And Cubesats, 2020 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Development Of High-Density Propulsion System Technologies For Interplanetary Small Satellites And Cubesats, Morgan Andrew Roddy
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this research was to support the development of a novel propulsion system for small satellites (<180 kg) and CubeSats. This was pursued by conducting a collection of studies that were designed to provide engineering data that would be critical in designing a functional prototype. The novel propulsion system was conceived by the author to provide best-in-class performance for the small satellite and CubeSat families of spacecraft. This context presents specific design requirements that the presented technology attempts to satisfy. The most critical among these is high density; the propellant was designed to be stored with high density and the thruster was designed to be as compact as possible. The propulsion system is composed of two primary elements, a propellant generator and a thruster. The propellant generator works by sublimating a solid crystal into vapor and then using this vapor to etch a dense metal. The resulting gaseous byproducts of this reaction are the propellant. This dissertation used xenon difluoride (XeF2) vapor to etch tungsten (W) which react to form xenon gas (Xe) and tungsten hexafluoride (WF6). This approach gave a theoretical propellant storage density 5.40 g/cm3; and 5.17 g/cm3 was demonstrated. The sublimation dynamics of the XeF2 were studied as a function of surface area and temperature and it was found to be suitable for the intended application due to its high effluence rate; that is, it sublimates fast enough to be useful. The sublimation rates are on the order of 10’s of µg/s. The etch rate of XeF2 on W was also studied and found to be suitably fast to provide useful amounts of reactants for use as a propellant, again on the order of 1’s of µg/s. The thruster is an electrostatic radio frequency (RF) ion thruster design and is manufactured with Low Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic (LTCC) materials system and manufacturing technology. Manufacturing samples of the thruster were built at the University of Arkansas in July 2015 and tested at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in May 2018. Testing validated the viability of the LTCC thruster and provided valuable information on how to improve the thruster’s design.
Aerodynamic And Aeroacoustic Performance Of Small Uav Propellers In Static Conditions, 2020 North Carolina State University
Aerodynamic And Aeroacoustic Performance Of Small Uav Propellers In Static Conditions, William Jordan, Robert W. Deters, Shreyas Narsipur
Publications
The proliferation of small multi-rotor UAVs in commercial, recreational, and surveillance spheres has garnered significant interest in the noise produced by these vehicles. The current research aims to study the relationship between the aerodynamic performance and acoustic characteristics of small-scale UAV propellers. Three commercially available propellers for the DJI Phantom 2/3 UAV were selected for preliminary development and validation of an aeroacoustic experimental test setup and associated data reduction methods. Propeller thrust, torque, and power measurements were recorded at static conditions. Upon successful validation of the test bench, acoustic measurements were taken at the propeller disk’s upstream and in-plane locations. …
Performance Testing Of Aero-Naut Camfolding Propellers, 2020 Technical University of Munich
Performance Testing Of Aero-Naut Camfolding Propellers, Or D. Dantsker, Robert W. Deters, Marco Caccamo, Michael S. Selig
Publications
The increase in popularity of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has been driven by their use in civilian, education, government, and military applications. However, limited on-board energy storage significantly limits flight time and ultimately usability. The propulsion system plays a critical part in the overall energy consumption of the UAV; therefore, it is necessary to determine the most optimal combination of possible propulsion system components for a given mission profile, i.e. propellers, motors, and electronic speed controllers (ESC). Hundreds of options are available for the different components with little performance specifications available for most of them. By examining a variety of …
Conceptual Design Of A South Pole Carrier Pigeon Uav, 2020 California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
Conceptual Design Of A South Pole Carrier Pigeon Uav, Kendrick M. Dlima
Master's Theses
Currently, the South Pole has a large data problem. It is estimated that 1.2 TB of data is being produced every day, but less than 500 GB of that data is being uploaded via aging satellites to researchers in other parts of the world. This requires those at the South Pole to analyze the data and carefully select the parts to send, possibly missing out on vital scientific information. The South Pole Carrier Pigeon will look to bridge this data gap.
The Carrier Pigeon will be a small unmanned aerial vehicle that will carry a 30 TB solid-state hard drive …
Studies Of Oval Tube And Fin Heat Exchangers, 2020 Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Studies Of Oval Tube And Fin Heat Exchangers, Phillip Nielsen
Undergraduate Student Works
Heating Ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) is a system which changes the temperature of the surroundings for the purposes of cooling or heating. This system requires energy to maintain a temperature difference from the outside temperature. Optimizing the flow over the evaporator coils is one way to increase the cooling efficiency. This will reduce the power required to have a sustainable system. Optimizing the flow to increase the energy transfer between the fins and the incoming air could result in a greater Coefficient of Performance (COP). This will be achieved by changing the geometry of the tubes for greater interaction with …
Zenith Propulsion, 2020 Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Zenith Propulsion, Bryce Smoldon, Matthew Boban, Maxwell Kauker, Jonathan Noble, Stefan Johnson, Andrew Lucka, Nicholas Wright
Undergraduate Student Works
Launch Vehicle Design for the FAR-Mars Competition The Zenith Propulsion team took on the challenge put forth by the Friends of Amateur Rocketry (FAR), to build and launch a rocket propelled by a liquid rocket engine. In 2018-2019, a capstone team called Tiber Designs successfully designed and tested a 1,000 lbf-thrust rocket engine, named Janus, that uses liquid oxygen and jet-A (aviationgrade kerosene) as propellants. Zenith Propulsion would design a vehicle – 21 ft long, 6 in diameter, 170 lbm loaded – that uses the Janus rocket engine to fly to a target altitude of 30,000 ft above ground level. …
Arizona Hyperloop: The Fifth Mode Of Transportation, 2020 Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Arizona Hyperloop: The Fifth Mode Of Transportation, Eleanor Pahl, Matthieu Rada
Discovery Day - Prescott
Arizona Hyperloop is a coalition between Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University and Arizona State University students competing in Elon Musk’s annual SpaceX Hyperloop Pod Competition. Hyperloop is the proposed “Fifth Mode of Transportation” - coined “a cross between a Concorde, a rail gun, and an air hockey table.” A hyperloop pod levitates and travels at nearly the speed of sound inside a vacuum tube, which eliminates air resistance. Musk hosts the annual competition to university students to encourage the evolution of urban transportation. The goal is to design, build, and race the fastest prototype pod at SpaceX’s mile-long test track in Hawthorne, …
Sae Aero West Heavy Lift Competition Team - Eaglenautics, 2020 Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Sae Aero West Heavy Lift Competition Team - Eaglenautics, Anthony Pirone, Evan Stuart, Jessica Millard, Nathaniel Scott
Discovery Day - Prescott
ERAU’s SAE Aero Design West Competition team encourages students of all majors who have an interest in the design of heavy-lift cargo and passenger aircraft to design, build, and fly a large RC aircraft to meet a new set of regulations each competition year. Since the team, Eaglenautics, was founded in 2017 it has successfully been to competition once in April 2019 in California. The team’s aircraft flew 4 out of 5 flight rounds, passed all technical inspections, and is now on display in ERAU’s Aero-Fab in the AXFAB. The 2020 competition requirements are unique in that the cargo’s weight-to-volume …
Launch Vehicle Design For The Far-Mars Competition, 2020 Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Launch Vehicle Design For The Far-Mars Competition, Matthew Boban, Bryce Smoldon, Jonathan Noble, Stefan Johnson, Maxwell Kauker, Nicholas Wright, Andrew Lucka
Discovery Day - Prescott
Zenith Propulsion is constructing a launch vehicle, named Altair, to compete in a competition hosted by the Friends of Amateur Rocketry (FAR) and the Mars Society. The objective for Zenith Propulsion is to design, build and launch Altair to a qualifying altitude of 30,000 feet in the FAR-Mars competition. Altair will utilize a rocket engine that has been in development at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University’s Prescott campus since late 2018. This engine, named Janus, uses liquid oxygen and Jet-A and is designed to deliver 1000 lbf of thrust. Altair will be launched from the FAR launch site, in Mojave, CA, on …
Microturbine Turbojets: Experimental Evaluation Of Commercially Available Engines, 2020 Air Force Institute of Technology
Microturbine Turbojets: Experimental Evaluation Of Commercially Available Engines, Richard A. Depaola Iii
Theses and Dissertations
This research assessed the performance of commercial microturbine turbojets and was the first industry-wide investigation into this class of engine by AFRL's SERL. Four commercial engines of the same thrust class were evaluated for overall and component-level performance. In addition to providing an evaluation of existing systems, the maximum performance for a commercial turbojet was predicted based on component evaluations. This analysis indicated that a commercial turbojet could have comparable thrust performance to a similarly sized military-grade engine, but it is unlikely that commercial engines can achieve the SFC of military engines without upgrading the compressors found in commercial microturbines.
Design And Analysis Of A Compact Combustor For Integration With A Jetcat P90 Rxi, 2020 Air Force Institute of Technology
Design And Analysis Of A Compact Combustor For Integration With A Jetcat P90 Rxi, Daniel Holobeny
Theses and Dissertations
Ultra Compact Combustors are a novel approach to modern gas turbine combustor designs that look to reduce the overall combustor length and weight. A previous study integrated an Ultra Compact Combustor into a JetCat P90 RXi turbine engine and achieved self-sustained operation with a length savings of 33% relative to the stock combustor. However, that combustor could not operate across the full stock engine performance range due to flameout at increased mass ow rates as reactions were pushed out of the primary zone. To ensure reactions stayed in the primary zone, a new design with a larger combustor volume was …
Detonation Confinement In A Radial Rotating Detonation Engine, 2020 Air Force Institute of Technology
Detonation Confinement In A Radial Rotating Detonation Engine, Kavi Muraleetharan
Theses and Dissertations
Radial Rotating Detonation Engines (RRDE) have provided an opportunity for use of a pressure-gain combustor in a more compact form compared to an axial RDE. A successfully tested RRDE has operated over a wide range of test conditions and produced detonation modes with one, two, and three waves. The presence of multiple waves located the detonation waves to the outer radius, while one wave modes operated closer to the inner radius. Locating the detonation wave closer to the inner diameter resulted in less time for combustion prior to the radial turbine. Subsequently, this tended to decrease efficiency. To attempt to …