European History Commons^™

Centering The Black Woman As A Subject Of Portraiture In Nineteenth-Century French Art, Llyleila Richardson

XULAneXUS

Until the 19th century, artistic depictions of black women by European artists were rare. Often they were relegated to the background as domestic attendants to European noblewomen, serving as symbols of the latter’s colonial wealth and further provide contrast with the darkness of their skin against the aristocratic fairness of their white mistresses. The transition into the 19th century was a turbulent period in European history, especially for France, as the country saw multiple revolts and governmental changes at home. Simultaneously colonization overseas continued to expand, creating previously unheard-of access to foreign cultures and ideas.

Black women became an interesting …

Urban Palimpsests: Studying Enlightenment Influences In The Post-Earthquake Rebuilding Of Lima And Lisbon, 1746–1765, Emily Chung

The Forum: Journal of History

Urban renewal has long existed as a vessel for the assertion of authority, embodying hierarchy, policy, and culture in the most tangible way with architecture and civic landscaping shaped to accommodate the upper strata of society. Particularly interesting to study through this lens is the latter half of the eighteenth century which marks the turning point between royal absolutism and the emergence of competing forms of power in the European Empire, through the growth of the Enlightenment movement. This paper offers a comparison of two imperial cities, Lima and Lisbon, which due to similarly tragic earthquakes, were provided the opportunity …

Darkness In The Parlor: Prostitution And Narratives Of Urban Exploration In London’S West End, Aiden Evans

The Forum: Journal of History

Prostitution in London’s West End came to constitute a multidimensional transgression for middle-class observers during the late-Victorian period, contesting traditional distinctions between West and East, middle-class and working-class, and public and private life. First, through the use of Late Victorian urban exploration narratives, I will show that urban explorers applied a rigid conceptual framework to identify the working-class prostitutes occupying London’s affluent West-End. Rooted in class-based hierarchies, these systems of identification presumed that working-class prostitutes were categorically distinct, visible, and undisguisable in London’s West End. Moreover, I argue that this conceptual framework reveals the authors’ binary understandings of prostitutes’ public …

Sedentary Flesh: Nineteenth-Century French Orientalists And Bodies Of The Female Other, Amelia Aitchison

The Forum: Journal of History

As visual texts of subjectivity and ideology, paintings are uniquely useful tools for historical analysis. Peaking in popularity in nineteenth-century Europe, the enduring erotic mystification of the Turkish seraglio manifested frequently in the form of paintings. At this time, French academicism and realism rose in status internationally and, bolstered by the esteem of the Paris Salon and the competitiveness generated by the advent of photography, so too did elaborately (and misleadingly) detailed depictions of the Orient. This paper concerns the inherent politics of French depictions of Turkish odalisques, focusing on the orientalist discourse generated by the quasi-realistic style of nineteenth-century …

Full Issue

Swiss American Historical Society Review

No abstract provided.

Front Matter

Swiss American Historical Society Review

No abstract provided.

Teju Cole: “I Have Experienced Great Freedom Precisely In Swiss Villages”, Alexandra Kedves

Swiss American Historical Society Review

A metal railing of a viewing terrace is plowing with hard strokes over the panorama picture of Helvetian mountain tops. On another, an orange protection-net covers a construction site. Slats of a shutter traverse the view on yet another photography. And over the postcard idyll of the lake of Brienz a foghorn pushes white and big.

Two Early Nineteenth Century Overseas Emigrants From Näfels, Kanton Glarus, Switzerland: Walter Marianus Hauser And The Colony At Red River, Canada, Susanne Peter-Kubli

Swiss American Historical Society Review

Walter Marianus Hauser (1777-1850) was a member of Näfels’ elite society that had gained its wealth and prestige from the foreign military service of Swiss and occupied important public offices in the Canton. At the start of the nineteenth century, that group increasingly lost its importance. While its social prestige endured and its members such as the von Müller, von Bachmann, and von Hauser continued to use their titles of nobility, their economic base, that is highly paid officer positions in foreign military service, had disappeared.

In Memorium . . . Ilse M. Bachmann (Née Langhans) (December 21, 1932-October 12, 2019), Monika Bachmann

Swiss American Historical Society Review

Ilse Margarete Langhans was born in Allenstein, East Prussia (in present-day Poland), on December 21, 1932, the only daughter of Wilhelm Langhans and Margarete Emelie Issler. Her father was Oberstadtsgaertner (head city gardener) in nearby Koenigsburg until he was drafted into the German Army during World War II and killed in action, leaving behind Margarete, Ilse, older brother Juergen, and younger brother Dieter to fend for themselves when they and thousands of other ethnic Germans fled Russian forces invading East Prussia in the winter of 1944.

The Holocaust And Human Experimentation: The Nazi Approach To Medicine, Samantha Miller

History

The beginning months of 1945 marked the commencement of the swift downfall of the Nazi regime and the end of the tyrannical, oppressive ruling power it held over most of Europe for close to a decade. As Allied Forces invaded Nazi Germany and the remaining Nazi-occupied territories, they undoubtedly expected to encounter the incredible devastation that World War II had left upon most of the Western European continent, from toppled cities, to separated families, to the rising death toll. However, Allied soldiers would soon have to come face to face with another side-effect of the war, something unforeseen and unimaginable, …

Review Of J.W. Mohnhaupt, The Zookeepers' War, Carol A. Leibiger

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Freedom’S Paradoxes: A Case Study Of The Slave Schooner Julita, Lucy Wickstrom

The Forum: Journal of History

After Great Britain abolished the slave trade in 1807, the British Royal Navy committed one-fifth of its manpower to the cause of capturing other nations’ illegal slave ships. This effort to enforce abolition liberated 250,000 displaced Africans over the course of the nineteenth century and brought the crews that had carried them before officials to have their cases tried. Because of the careful documentation of these cases by the Mixed Commissions, there is a wealth of primary sources detailing the circumstances of these captures and the human beings claimed as cargo. This paper utilizes a case study of one such …

"Obstinate, Impertinent, Ill-Conditioned": Child Labor, Exploitation And Xenophobia In The British Home Children Movement, Hannah Lauren Palma

History

An examination of the British Home Children program as a movement rooted in child labor, misguided philanthropy, and the exploitation of poor child immigrants.

From Näfels To The United States: Emigrant Portraits From A Town In Switzerland’S Canton Glarus, Susanne Peter-Kubli

Swiss American Historical Society Review

Only a few, and mainly quite confusing, details are available about Feldmann’s life in Näfels and also about the date of his emigration. It derives, in part, from the fact that two people by the same name were living in Näfels. Both were butchers by profession and both had married women by the last name Müller. Checking the marriage and baptismal records of Näfels finally clarified the matter.

In The Turmoil Of The Civil War: Swiss Emigrant Daniel Schmid Of The Union Army, Fabian Braendle

Swiss American Historical Society Review

Swiss immigrants to the United States fought in the American Civil War on both sides. About 6,000 fought on the side of the Union, while the number of those who joined the Confederacy is not known.1 Some even rose to prominence reaching the rank of General. Daniel Schmid, a common soldier, who was born in 1834 in the Swiss town of Buchs, Canton St. Gallen, and joined the Union Army of the North. In his autobiography that he wrote for his numerous brothers in Switzerland, Schmid provided much detail about his war experience. It was quite common at the time …

In Memorium: Sabine Jessner Schlinger (1924-2019), Peter Sehlinger

Swiss American Historical Society Review

Sabine Luise Marianne Jessner Sehlinger died in Indianapolis on November 3, 2019. She was a professor of French history; the first woman president of the Indiana Academy of the Social Sciences; president of the Swiss-American Historical Society; several times president of the Indianapolis Wellesley Club; and the author of articles in historical journals and a biography of Edouard Herriot, French prime minister in the 1920s.

Back Cover

Swiss American Historical Society Review

No abstract provided.

Fuitina: Love, Sex, And Rape In Modern Italy, 1945–Present, Antonella Vitale

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The term fuitina in Sicilian dialect is a word used to describe a form of abduction, and is a variation of the more formal Italian term fuga, meaning a flight or escape. Fuitina, was essentially a sanctioned bride theft. Often, after the abduction of a woman, the abductor would seek a reparatory or rehabilitating marriage that would restore the woman’s “honor” and absolve the man of bride theft. Until 1981, the Italian legal system supported the practice of fuitina and rarely prosecuted men who kidnapped and raped women under the guise of this tradition. The practice of fuitina and …

Red Sea, White Tides, And Blue Horizons, John P. Devine

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Eric Hobsbawm, in his effort to explain the fundamental divide which produced the Second World War, convincingly argues that “the crucial lines in this civil war were not drawn between capitalism as such and communist social revolution, but between ideological families: on the one hand the descendants of the eighteenth-century Enlightenment and the great revolutions including, obviously the Russian revolution’, on the other hand, its opponents.” This thesis argues that the American Civil War was a “great revolution” that represented a crucial transformative point in the formation of these two waring factions. The struggle was especially influential on the theory …

Bones, Burials, And The Riddle Of Truth: Reconstructing The Past Through What Has Been Left Behind, Jelena M. Begonja

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Mortuary archaeology is known to be the study of human remains and burials. The primary focus of this work has been to study all of the elements associated in burials to learn more about the burial practices and rituals in a group’s culture, however, there is much more potential in studying burial sites than just learning about a group’s burial rituals and practices. This thesis will demonstrate that it is indeed possible to make different inferences about the rest of people’s daily lives, and the truth, based from materials found in studying burials alone. For some groups without much existing …