Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health Commons^™

Effects Of High Fat Diets, Esther Abady

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

With obesity on the rise, and subsequently numerous diseases, many people are looking for newer ways to counter the effects of the influx of fatty, high sugar and unhealthy foods they are consuming. The most common and widely used method is a diet plan. The key to both a healthy and effective diet is knowing what the diet does to the body. There are short term diets which have adverse effects if kept for too long and long-term diets which are aimed for a healthy lifestyle. Every diet is based on the increased and decreased consumption of different macronutrients and …

Should Advanced Maternal Age Be A Deterrent For Attempting A Pregnancy?, Sarina Spira

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

In the developed world, the trend toward women of advanced age bearing children is very prevalent and seems likely to continue. For a variety of reasons, women are delaying pregnancy until 35 years and older when they suddenly seem keenly aware that their biological clocks are ticking. A review of various studies obtained from the Proquest and EBSCO databases indicates that there are definitely certain risks associated with advanced maternal age (AMA). As females age, the reduced number and quality of their remaining eggs contribute to reduced fertility. Congenital anomalies involving the number of chromosomes in the embryo increases as …

Is Rapamycin An Effective Anti-Aging Drug?, Basya Aboud

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Scientific and pharmaceutical advancements have revolutionized medicine. Many once- debilitating or fatal diseases can now be managed with medication. However, the search for a cure for the inevitable aging diseased state remained futile until recently. Rapamycin has been studied for its possible longevity effects, providing promising results for the development of anti-aging therapies. This paper evaluates the benefits and risks of rapamycin use. While rapamycin cannot be supported as a safe anti-aging drug, rapamycin studies have elucidated parts of the aging pathway, providing a breakthrough for anti-aging research.

Human Organ/Limb Regeneration: A Dream Or Reality?, Shmuel Sashitzky

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Organ and limb regeneration might seem like something out of science fiction, but research has been ongoing since the late 1960s and has greatly increased at the turn of the century. It is an understatement to say that this has the potential to be life changing. The need for donor transplant organs and transplant waiting lists can become obsolete and the use of immunosuppressants post-transplant will become unnecessary (leading to higher survival rates). Should this happen, trauma patients will be able to achieve complete recoveries and the reign of some congenital disorders will come to an end. Nature has provided …

Uterine Transplantation: A Review Of Some Of The Factors That Account For The Success Or Failure Of This Experimental Procedure, Rachel Stern

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Those who suffer from infertility, either due to a congenital or acquired cause and cannot or are opposed to other means, such as surrogacy or adoption, to have a child, are potential candidates for uterine transplantation. Uterine transplantation is a form of allograft transplantation, meaning that it is a transplant of tissue from a donor who is genetically different from the recipient. Additionally, it is a vascularized transplant, including donor blood vessels that will be sutured to the vasculature of the recipient (Testa et al. 2017). This procedure has been attempted around the globe with varying levels of success ranging …

What Are The Most Appropriate Treatments, Preventions And Family Planning Options For Patients With Factor V Leiden?, Simha Wolf

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

The management of Venous Thromboembolism in terms of treatments and prevention has been well researched for patients who have been discovered as positive for Factor V Leiden genetic clotting disorder, in either the homozygous or the heterozygous genotype. In fact, the research and development of new agents called Direct oral anticoagulants aim to treat and prevent clotting events while minimizing the risks of bleeding. Although several risk factors have been identified in relation to VTE, Factor V Leiden mutation presents a seemingly higher risk due to its unpredictable incidences of clotting events, even in patients with optimal health characteristics. Yet, …

What Is The Future Of Organoids?, Michelle Freilich

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

The term organoid refers to a miniature version of any organ of the body. An organoid is artificially produced in vitro from stem cells or tissue that possess the ability to recapitulate and form the three-dimensional structure of the organ they were once a part of. Scientists have learned to create a culture for the organoid that mimics its original micro cellular environment, allowing the 3-D structure to self-organize and develop into miniature organs. The purpose of this paper is to explore the many advancements of organoid technology, and how this progress has benefited the medical field. Organoid technology allows …

The Effects Of Fetal Microchimerism On Maternal Health, Matti Miller

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

No abstract provided.

Advancements In Vaccine Development: Measles Vs. Covid-19, Sarah Ziegler

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

As an ever-progressing field of study, vaccine development has made headway over the past decades. By doing a comparative study between development of the measles vaccine in the mid-20th century, and the ongoing development of the COVID-19 vaccine in 2020, many of the insights and advancements in the field can be easily highlighted. First, the knowledge and experience gained over those decades has helped the vaccine developing process become more efficient. With more vaccines in production, or at least under study, it is more likely to have a related precedent to build upon, as opposed to relying on a successful …

Effective Treatments For Nicotine Addiction, Chaya Shor

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Nicotine dependence as a result of smoking is a chronically relapsing disorder with detrimental effects. However, fortunately for smokers, an armamentarium of smoking cessation aids is available in the forms of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), non-nicotinic drugs (namely varenicline and bupropion), and the novel nicotine vaccines, each with their own mode of action to moderate nicotine addiction. This paper analyzes the mechanism of action associated with nicotine addiction and the various methods of combat, or at the very least, attenuation of the addiction.

Is Fecal Microbiota Transplantation A Safe And Effective Treatment For Gastrointestinal Diseases?, Shaindel Pinsky

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a method of transferring feces from an individual with a healthy microbiome to a patient whose healthy gut bacteria is deficient. While this method is not a new one, it is constantly being explored and studied to determine if it can be an effective way to treat patients with different bowel diseases. The main target of most of these studies are patients with recurrent Clostridium difficile infections. Many studies were done to determine if the method is safe, and which method is most effective, as well as who can be a good donor or recipient …

The Formation And Manifestation Of Kidney Stones, Adina Peikes

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Conclusion:

As more research is done on kidney stones it becomes abundantly clear that even more research is needed. There are an innumerable amount of factors to take into account when determining the best course of treatment for persons with renal calculi. The patient’s occupation, ethnicity, BMI, family history, and region of residence are all contributing aspects. Stone composition may be very varied from case to case. Treatment that was successful for one may be detrimental for the other. There is no one-size-fits-all solution. Each case is unique and requires its own analysis and diagnosis. One thing is universal though, …

Parkinson’S Disease: Causes, Symptoms, Research, And Interventions, Alexander Labkowsky

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

This paper covers several pathogenic theories of Parkinson’s disease (PD); the physiology and biological pathways involved. This includes a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) route, a nuclear DNA route, and other hypotheses about idiopathic PD. The subsequent discussion of PD symptoms utilizes a neurological perspective, analyzing the neuroanatomical systems involved, and how they are treated. This includes medications and surgical techniques that are employed in an effort to manage symptomatology and increase health-related quality of life.

Treating Carcinomas Through Integrin Α6Β4 Modification And Inhibition, Pearl Singer

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Integrin α6β4 is a membrane protein which is expressed in both normal and cancerous epithelia. In normal cells, it is involved in adhesion to the basal membrane. In carcinomas, however, it takes on cell signaling roles related to survival and migration. Due to its key role in cancer progression, it is now being considered as a therapeutic target. This paper examines how we can affect integrins, with a specific focus on integrin α6β4, to reinforce their ability to prevent migration of cancer cells and progress toward metastasis.

Full Issue: Volume 14, Number 1, Fall 2020

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Complete .pdf file of Volume 14, number 1 of The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences. Published Fall 2020.

Management Recommendations For Jacoby Creek Land Trust’S Off-Channel Pond Site At The Kotke Ranch And Nature Preserve, Marcos Adrian Sosa Morales, Maeve Flynn, Auston Tague

Environmental Science & Management Senior Capstones

Now more than ever there is a need for conservation easements within California because of ongoing degradation, urbanization, clear cutting and loss of habitat to ecosystems due to wildfires. The Jacoby Creek Land Trust (JCLT) is in need of a restoration and conservation plan regarding constructed off-channel ponds along Jacoby Creek. One of the ponds is flourishing and supporting different types of fishes during their migration. The other pond, our project location, is struggling to meet the JCLT’s project objectives. The pond is overgrown with European grasses due to the surrounding grazing land and has yet to see the pond's …

What The Covid-19 Crisis Is Telling Humanity, David Wiebers, Valery Feigin

Animal Sentience

The planet is in a global health emergency exacting enormous medical and economic tolls. It is imperative for us as a society and species to focus and reflect deeply upon what this and other related human health crises are telling us about our role in these increasingly frequent events and about what we can do to prevent them in the future.

Cause: It is human behavior that is responsible for the vast majority of zoonotic diseases that jump the species barrier from animals to humans: (1) hunting, capture, and sale of wild animals for human consumption, particularly in live-animal markets; …

Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine, Lucia Soca Gallego, Alvio Dominguez, Mayur S. Parmar

HPD Articles

No abstract provided.

Flucytosine, Inderbir S. Padda, Mayur S. Parmar

HPD Articles

No abstract provided.

Reserpine, Michelle Cheung, Mayur S. Parmar

HPD Articles

No abstract provided.