A Study Of Standard Values Of Two-Dimensional, M-Mode And Doppler Echocardiography In Conscious Small Domestic Rabbits,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
A Study Of Standard Values Of Two-Dimensional, M-Mode And Doppler Echocardiography In Conscious Small Domestic Rabbits, Nattanicha Ngosurachet, Tipparat Tangtraitha, Preeyanit Kaewyara, Pattharat Asvaesoontorn, Thawat Lekdumrongsak, Sirilak Disatian Surachetpong
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
To determine normal cardiac values for two-dimensional, M-mode and Doppler echocardiography because standard echocardiographic values have not been adequately studied in small-breed rabbits. Data was collected from 40 healthy small-breed rabbits. The results of complete physical examination, thoracic radiography, electrocardiography and echocardiography were collected and analysed as descriptive statistics. The correlation between weight and age and echocardiographic parameters was evaluated. A t-test was performed to compare the parameters between males and females. Most parameters were normally distributed and could be reliably used as standard values of echocardiographic parameters. Weight and age correlated positively with several echocardiographic parameters. However, there was …
Comparison Of Biomechanical Properties Associated With The Diameter And Insertion Depth Of Bone Anchors In The Femoral Condyle Of Toy Breed Cadaver Dogs,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Comparison Of Biomechanical Properties Associated With The Diameter And Insertion Depth Of Bone Anchors In The Femoral Condyle Of Toy Breed Cadaver Dogs, Yun-Hee An, Mu-Young Kim, Hun-Young Yoon
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
The objective of the present study was to compare the biomechanical properties of implanted bone anchors based on diameter and insertion depth to yield selection criteria for bone anchor size in toy breed dogs. Twenty toy breed dog cadavers weighing < 5 kg underwent placement of five types of veterinary bone anchors (short diameter, short length [SDSL]; short diameter, medium length [SDML]; medium diameter, medium length [MDML]; medium diameter, long length [MDLL]; and long diameter, medium length [LDML]) at a predetermined femoral attachment site. Anchor screw depth/femoral condyle width (FCW) and anchor screw diameter/femoral condyle length (FCL) were measured using radiography. The yield load, Young’s modulus and failure load were measured and the causes of failure for each construct were recorded. The anchor screw depth/FCW was < 50%, 50%–75%, ~50%, and 75%–100% in the SDSL, SDML, MDML, and MDLL groups, respectively. The yield load, Young’s modulus and failure load were higher in the SDML and MDLL groups than in the SDSL and MDML groups. The anchor screw diameter/FCL was 12%–15% and 24%–30% in the SDML and LDML groups, respectively. No differences in biomechanical parameters were found between the SDML and LDML groups. The cause of failure in all constructs was pull-out of the bone anchor, except for distal femur fracture in five LDML constructs. In conclusion, when implanting bone anchors in toy breed dogs, the insertion depth should be > 50% of the FCW, regardless of diameter. Moreover, distal femur fracture can occur if the bone anchor diameter/FCL ratio exceeds 24%.
Environmental Enrichment And The Behavioral Effects On Captive Beluga Whales (Delphinapterus Leucas),
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Environmental Enrichment And The Behavioral Effects On Captive Beluga Whales (Delphinapterus Leucas), Tsung-Hsien Li, Evonne Lim, I-Chun Chen, Chuen-Fu Lin, Shih-Chu Chen, Ming-An Tsai
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Environmental enrichment methods are meant to encourage animals to display their complete ethogram while under human care in zoos and aquariums. In this study, we sought to characterize the effectiveness of environmental enrichment (involving the inclusion of toys in the living environment) on captive beluga whales in the National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium. Our results indicate that belugas with toys spend less time floating and swimming repetitively than do belugas without toys. The presence of toys was also shown to enhance social interactions among captive belugas. Overall, our findings indicate that the provision of toys can enrich the …
Molecular Determination Of West Nile Virus, Equine Herpesvirus 1 And Herpesvirus 4 In Feral Horses In Turkey,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Molecular Determination Of West Nile Virus, Equine Herpesvirus 1 And Herpesvirus 4 In Feral Horses In Turkey, Irmak Dik, Oguzhan Avci, Sibel Yavru, H. Pelin Aslim, H.Sercan Palanci
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
West Nile Virus (WNV), Equine Herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) and Equine Herpesvirus 4 (EHV-4) are among the important pathogenic viral factors for both domestic and feral horses. This study was carried out to determine the molecular presence of WNV, EHV-1 and EHV-4 infections in feral horses in Konya. Blood samples were taken from 36 horses selected by a randomized sampling method from a total of 250 feral horses bred together. The leukocyte samples obtained were examined virologically for the presence nucleic acid of WNV using the Nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay (nested RT-PCR) method and using molecular methods for the …
Pueraria Mirifica Can Modulate The Ovarian Activity Of Crossbred-Thai Native Does,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Pueraria Mirifica Can Modulate The Ovarian Activity Of Crossbred-Thai Native Does, Phubet Satsook, Sukanya Rattanatabtimtong, Lak Piasai, Patcharapa Towiboon, Chalermchart Somgird, Anuchai Pinyopummin
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
To evaluate the effect of P. mirifica supplementation on ovarian activity in crossbred Thai native does, a study was carried out for three consecutive estrus cycle periods: 1) D0-D21(pre-treatment), 2) D21-D42 (treatment) and 3) D42-D63 (post-treatment); D0, D21 and D42 were the days of expected estrus. P. mirifica was orally fed at 1000 mg/kg BW/d for 21 days in supplemented groups. Twenty-one does were equally divided into three groups: 1) CON – control, no supplementation and 2) supplemented groups included 2.1) FEC – start feeding at early-cycle (D21-D42), and 2.2) FMC – start feeding at mid-cycle (D32-D53). Estrus behavior was …
Cloning, Expression And Identification Of Truncated Spike Gene Of Ibv (Sf200) And Chicken Granulocyte- Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (Gm-Csf),
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Cloning, Expression And Identification Of Truncated Spike Gene Of Ibv (Sf200) And Chicken Granulocyte- Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (Gm-Csf), Tran Duc Hoan, Doan Thi Thao, Wang Bin
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
The aim of this study was to clone, express and identify the truncated S1 gene of nephrotropic infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) of chicken. Firstly, two genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned into pMD18-T vector. The truncated S1 gene designated as Sf200 (containing five antigenic sites of S1 glycoprotein on amino acid residues (aa) 24–61, (aa) 291–398 and (aa) 497–543 and GM-CSF were then amplified from the respective recombinant pMD18-T plasmids and cloned into pET-32a (+) vector resulting pET-Sf200, pET-GM which were identified by restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing analysis. The …
Efficacy Of Immune Complex Infectious Bursal Disease Vaccines Against Very Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Challenge In Commercial Layer Chicken,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Efficacy Of Immune Complex Infectious Bursal Disease Vaccines Against Very Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Challenge In Commercial Layer Chicken, Nataya Charoenvisal, Phornphisut Areeraksakul, Choew Kong Mah, Nida Sirikobkul, Nida Sirikobkul
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
The vaccination program for controlling Infectious bursal disease (IBD) was complicated due to high maternal antibody in day old chick. Therefore, our study was performed in young layer chickens with high maternal antibody as commonly seen in our country. The objective of this study was to determine the protective efficacy of immune complex IBD vaccines against very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) challenge in commercial layer chickens. As immune complex vaccine A was recommended in layers by the company, the first aim of the study was to compare immune complex vaccine A (group 1) and B (group 3). The …
Molecular Detection And Isolation Of Mycoplasma Conjunctivae From Goats With Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis In Sichuan Province, Southwest China,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Molecular Detection And Isolation Of Mycoplasma Conjunctivae From Goats With Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis In Sichuan Province, Southwest China, Youwen Yang, Yanmin Li, Xiaofang Dao, Lei Fei, Falong Yang
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) is a common contagious ocular disease in ruminants worldwide characterized with keratitis and conjunctivitis and, in severe cases, blindness. Recently two outbreaks of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) occurred in goats in Sichuan Province, China. To identify the causative agent responsible for these outbreaks, ocular swabs were then taken from 40 goats with IKC and 22 goats without IKC for isolation and molecular detection of mycoplasma. Mycoplasma conjunctivae-specific nested-PCR was 85.0% positive among samples from goats with IKC and 40.9% positive from goats without IKC. Nine PCR products were sequenced and showed that there was 99.6-100% sequence homology among …
Sex-Associated Differences In Patellotrochlear Morphology In Small-Breed Dogs,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Sex-Associated Differences In Patellotrochlear Morphology In Small-Breed Dogs, Radka S. Garnoeva
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
The purpose of this study was to make a between-sex comparison of trochlear groove and patellar metrics in healthy dogs on tangential radiographs. A total of 38 stifle joints from 19 healthy dogs (9 males; 10 females) from three small breeds (Pomeranian, Pinscher, Chihuahua) were evaluated. The following morphometric parameters of patella and trochlear groove were measured: trochlear sulcus angle (SA), lateral and medial trochlear inclination angles (LTI; MTI), trochlear groove depth (TD), retropatellar angle of Wiberg (WA), lateral and medial patellar facet angles (LFA, MFA), lateral and medial facet lengths (LF, MF), horizontal and vertical patellar diameters. In the …
Acquired Indirect Unilateral Chronic Reducible Scrotal Hernia In An Arabian Stallion,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Acquired Indirect Unilateral Chronic Reducible Scrotal Hernia In An Arabian Stallion, Mohamed A. Marzok, Adel I. Almubarak, Mahmoud Kandeel, Adel A. Badawy
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
This case report describes the presentation and surgical management of acquired indirect unilateral chronic reducible scrotal herniation in an 8-year-old Arabian stallion. The horse had a history of moderate unilateral swelling of the scrotum that had been noticed by the owner for 10 months. Upon palpation, the swelling was soft, reducible, painless and not accompanied by an acute abdomen. Ultrasonography, rectal and clinical examination were useful tools for the diagnosis of scrotal hernias in this case. A successful surgical herniorrhaphy was performed with the removal of the testicle at the affected side and the superficial inguinal ring was closed by …
Suspected Malignant Mesothelial Cells In Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Of A Dog With Respiratory Distress,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Suspected Malignant Mesothelial Cells In Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Of A Dog With Respiratory Distress, Junseok Kim, Jimin Oh, Taesik Yun, Yoonhoi Koo, Dohee Lee, Yeon Chae, Byeong-Teck Kang, Mhan-Pyo Yang, Hakhyun Kim
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
An 11-year-old neutered female Labrador Retriever presented with a 1-week history of respiratory distress, lethargy and anorexia. On physical examination, the dog exhibited dyspnea with a rapid and shallow breathing pattern. Thoracic radiography showed diffuse nodular or miliary interstitial patterns, which raised suspicion of bacterial, fungal and parasitic infections and metastatic tumors. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed and the culture yielded no growth of infectious agents, including bacteria and fungi. A presumptive diagnosis of pulmonary mesothelioma was made based on malignant mesothelial cells on BAL fluid cytology. Therefore, this is a report identifying suspected pulmonary mesothelioma using BAL fluid in …
Therapeutic Effects Of Sildenafil Combined With Low-Dosage Imatinib On Pulmonary Hypertension In Five Dogs,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Therapeutic Effects Of Sildenafil Combined With Low-Dosage Imatinib On Pulmonary Hypertension In Five Dogs, Yu Sahashi, Yoshiaki Hikasa
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Five dogs were diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension (PH) secondary to chronic degenerative mitral valve disease or ventricular septal defect. They were initially administered low-dose imatinib mesylate (3 mg/kg, q24h) without changes to the background therapy to treat PH. The low-dose imatinib improved the right ventricular (RV) function parameters including estimated systolic and mean pulmonary arterial pressures (sPA and mPAP) and clinical symptoms. On day 53 to day 168 after imatinib administration, as PH and clinical signs worsened, low-dose sildenafil (0.5 mg/kg, q12h) was administered in combination with imatinib. This combination greatly reduced the estimated sPA and mPAP, and improved clinical …
A Systematic Review: The Source Of Antimicrobial Resistance Pathogenic Bacteria On Slaughtered Meat, Cross-Contamination Or Self-Contamination?,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
A Systematic Review: The Source Of Antimicrobial Resistance Pathogenic Bacteria On Slaughtered Meat, Cross-Contamination Or Self-Contamination?, Xin Wu, Fanan Suksawat, Sunpetch Angkititrakul, Chunlian Song, Jun Chai, Yifang Zhang, Xianghua Shu, Huiyan Xing, Wengui Li
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Slaughtered meat has been identified as one of the major vehicles for forming antimicrobial resistance (AMR). It is still believed that AMR pathogens introduced by overusing antimicrobials in the breeding industry are directly brought in from farm animals. This disregards however the fact that many gut pathogens do not settle on muscle parts; the presence of gut pathogens on muscle products does not directly correlate to farm feeding. To investigate whether the source of AMR bacteria on slaughtered meat was cross-contamination or self-contamination, many peer-reviewed publications were studied to assess if the observational studies focused on AMR pathogenic bacteria association …
Semen Production Capacity Among Boar Breeds And Effect Of Organic Antioxidant Supplementation On Sperm Characteristics During The Hot Season In Thailand,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Semen Production Capacity Among Boar Breeds And Effect Of Organic Antioxidant Supplementation On Sperm Characteristics During The Hot Season In Thailand, Congbang Ngo, Suriya Sooksong, Nutthee Am-In, Padet Tummaruk
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
The present study was carried out to investigate semen production capacity among boar breeds and measure the efficiency of a new organic antioxidant supplementation on semen production and qualities during the hot season in Thailand. A total of 711 ejaculates from 87 boars (i.e., 26 Duroc, 15 Landrace, 30 Yorkshire and 16 crossbred Landrace × Yorkshire) were included in the study. Semen samples were allocated into two treatments – without organic antioxidant (CONTROL; n = 397) and with organic antioxidant supplementation (TREATMENT; n = 314). The experiment was carried out for three months during the hot season in May (n …
Ovarian Stimulation With A Low Dose Of Follicle Stimulating Hormone Improved Recovery Rates And Developmental Competence Of Goat Oocytes,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Ovarian Stimulation With A Low Dose Of Follicle Stimulating Hormone Improved Recovery Rates And Developmental Competence Of Goat Oocytes, Pintira Thiangthientham, Nitira Anakkul, Junpen Suwimonteerabutr, Wirakan Kallayanathum, Sawita Santiviparat, Mongkol Techakumphu, Theerawat Tharasanit
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
The aim of this study was to optimise the ovarian responses using different FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) treatments in goats. Group 1 (control), the ovaries were stimulated with a total dose of 200 mg FSH per doe. The FSH injections were performed at 12-h intervals starting on day 9 after progesterone implantation. The FSH doses were decreased to 160 mg/doe and 130 mg/doe for Groups 2 and 3, respectively. The numbers of small, medium and large follicles were determined by real-time B mode ultrasonography. Ovum pick-up (OPU) was performed by laparoscopy under general anesthesia at 96, 42 and 36 h …
Enterococcus Faecium Septicemia In A Dog: Clinical Features And Molecular Screening Of Virulence Genes Of Enterococcus,
2022
Chulalongkorn University
Enterococcus Faecium Septicemia In A Dog: Clinical Features And Molecular Screening Of Virulence Genes Of Enterococcus, Trasida Ployngam, Numfa Fungbun
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
A one-year-old Golden Retriever male dog manifested multi-systemic inflammation with a marked increment of plasma D-dimer. Enterococcus spp. was identified from hemoculture and it showed multidrug resistance (MDR), including amikacin, cephazolin, ceftriaxone, clindamycin, imipenem, penicillin G and sulfa-trimethoprim. Pure Enterococcus colonies were identified for species-specific DNA by PCR amplification and sequencing. It was 100% identical with the Enterococcus faecium strains in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. Molecular screening of virulence genes of the isolated E. faecium strain exhibited four of nine genes including gelatinase (gelE), cell wall adhesion (efaAfm), second collagen adhesin (scm) and adhesin of collagen …
Divergent Neural And Endocrine Responses In Wild-Caught And Laboratory-Bred Rattus Norvegicus,
2022
University of Richmond
Divergent Neural And Endocrine Responses In Wild-Caught And Laboratory-Bred Rattus Norvegicus, Joanna Jacob, Sally Watanabe, Jonathan Richardson, Nick Gonzales, Emily Ploppert, Garet Lahvis, Aaron Shiels, Sadie Wenger, Kelly Saverino, Janhavi Bhalerao, Brendan Crockett, Erin Burns, Olivia Harding, Krista Fischer-Stenger, Kelly Lambert
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Although rodents have represented the most intensely studied animals in neurobiological investigations for more than a century, few studies have systematically compared neural and endocrine differences between wild rodents in their natural habitats and laboratory strains raised in traditional laboratory environments. In the current study, male and female Rattus norvegicus rats were trapped in an urban setting and compared to weight-and sex-matched conspecifics living in standard laboratory housing conditions. Brains were extracted for neural assessments and fecal boli were collected for endocrine [corticosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)] assays. Additionally, given their role in immune and stress functions, spleen and adrenal weights …
Clinical Ophthalmic Parameters Of The Quaker Parrot (Myiopsitta Monachus),
2022
Lincoln Memorial University
Clinical Ophthalmic Parameters Of The Quaker Parrot (Myiopsitta Monachus), Emily Halsmer, Jennifer Jill Heatley Ms, Dvm, Dabvp (Avian, Reptilian, Amphibian), Daczm, Erin M. Scott Dvm, Dacvo
Research Day
Purpose: Ophthalmic diagnosis in many avian species remains hindered by lack of normative values. This study aimed to establish normal ophthalmic parameters for select diagnostic tests in clinically normal Quaker parrots. Methods: Ninety-six captive Quaker parrots ages 8-18 years underwent ophthalmic examination to include assessment of neuro-ophthalmic reflexes, phenol red thread test, rebound tonometry, fluorescein staining, palpebral fissure length measurements, slit lamp biomicroscopy, indirect fundoscopy, and ocular ultrasound biometry. Results: Menace response, dazzle reflex, and direct pupillary light reflex were present for all Quaker parrots. Tear production (mean ± SD) was 13.3 ± 4.0 mm/15 sec and intraocular pressure (IOP, …
Experimental Infection Of Brazilian Free-Tailed Bats (Tadarida
Brasiliensis) With Two Strains Of Sars-Cov-2,
2022
Colorado State University
Experimental Infection Of Brazilian Free-Tailed Bats (Tadarida Brasiliensis) With Two Strains Of Sars-Cov-2, Angela M. Bosco-Lauth, Stephanie M. Porter, Karen A. Fox, Mary E. Wood, Daniel Neubaum, Marissa Quilici
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is presumed to have originated from wildlife and shares homology with other bat coronaviruses. Determining the susceptibility of North American bat species to SARS-CoV-2 is of utmost importance for making decisions regarding wildlife management, public health, and conservation. In this study, Brazilian free-tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis) were experimentally infected with two strains of SARS-CoV-2 (parental WA01 and Delta variant), evaluated for clinical disease, sampled for viral shedding and antibody production, and analyzed for pathology. None of the bats (n = 18) developed clinical disease associated with infection, shed infectious virus, or …
Long-Term Effect Of A Gnrh-Based
Immunocontraceptive On Feral Cattle In
Hong Kong,
2022
National Wildlife Management Centre
Long-Term Effect Of A Gnrh-Based Immunocontraceptive On Feral Cattle In Hong Kong, Rebecca Pinkham, Ka-Kei Koon, Jason To, Jason Chan, Flavie Vial, Matt Gomm, Douglas C. Eckery, Giovanna Massei
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Increasing human-wildlife conflicts worldwide are driving the need for multiple solutions to reducing “problem” wildlife and their impacts. Fertility control is advocated as a non-lethal tool to manage free-living wildlife and in particular to control iconic species. Injectable immunocontraceptives, such as GonaCon, stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies against the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which in turn affects the release of reproductive hormones in mammals. Feral cattle (Bos indicus or Bos taurus) in Hong Kong are an iconic species whose numbers and impacts on human activities have increased over the last decade. Previous studies have proven that a …
