Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

Corneal Characterization Of Canine Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca By Optical Coherence Tomography, Kedsaraporn Ruangpanitchayakul

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), known as dry eye syndrome, indicates an imbalance in tear film stability and homeostasis. Quantitative KCS is well diagnosed while qualitative KCS is still underdiagnosed in routine veterinary practice. This study aimed to compare the ocular surface characteristics between experimental dogs (n=20) presented with low Schirmer tear test (STT) values (1-10mm/min) and control dogs (n=20) with normal STT values (≥15mm/min). Dogs with previous treatments or diseases which effect tear production were excluded. The experimental group showed significant increased KCS-related clinical signs score with mucopurulent ocular discharge, keratitis with corneal edema and vessels, and conjunctivitis with hyperemia and …

Occurrence Of Staphylococcus Aureus In Milk And Antibacterial Properties Of Some Herbal Extracts On Milk And Hospital-Acquired Strains, Reza Ebrahimi Hariry, Gülçi̇n Akca, Ayhan Fi̇lazi̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Staphylococcus aureus is a remarkable infectious agent, and with the development of antibiotic resistance by S. aureus, finding new, effective, and safe alternative therapeutic options in animals and humans is crucially demanded. In this study, the occurrence of S. aureus was explored by collecting nonmastitis bovine milk samples first, and then the effects of herbal extracts on methicillinresistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains isolated from cow's milk and humans in the hospitals were investigated. The occurrences of S. aureus in bovine raw milk samples were 13.4%. All raw milk S. aureus isolates were fully susceptible to cefoxitin, ceftiofur, penicillin G, …

Rectal Temperature And Respiration Rate As Indicators Of Heat Stress In Broiler Chickens Subjected To Early-Age Thermal Conditioning And Vitamin C Supplementation, Zoran Ruzic, Zdenko Kanacki, Slobodan Stojanovic, Zorana Kovacevic, Slobodan Knezevic, Srdan Todorovic, Smiljana Paras

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

One of the major concerns in poultry production presents heat stress (HS) and it is followed by significant economic loss manifested by reduced growth, decreased immune response, increased mortality, etc. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the early-age thermal conditioning (ETC) and vitamin C (Vit.C) treatments, individually and in combination, produce their beneficial effects through increased heat release manifested as a change in respiration rate consequentially leading to a decrease in the chicken's body temperature and thus reduce the harmful effects of HS. A 400 broiler chicks mixed sex male and female were split into four groups. …

Effects Of Plasma Sample Handling On Equine Insulin Assays, Lauren Willett

Murray State Theses and Dissertations

Often, the assumption is made that the results of the various laboratory tests being run are accurate, and that abnormal results reflect a physiologic change occurring in the patient. Unfortunately, this assumption is not always true. Inaccurate results, for various reasons, are an inherent part of diagnostic testing. Having inaccurate results is often worse than having no results at all, because they can lead to an incorrect diagnosis or result in unnecessary testing, wasting the client’s financial resources, or potentially expose the patient to unnecessary risks in pursuit of the cause of an abnormality that does not exist. With appropriate …

Using Rose Pulp Silage Instead Of Sugar Beet Pulp Silage In Lambs Fed With Total Mixed Ration, Kadi̇r Emre Buğdayci, Mustafa Numan Oğuz, Hale Seçi̇lmi̇ş Canbay, Hidir Gümüş, Fatma Karakaş Oğuz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of using rose pulp (Rosa damacena) silage instead of sugar beet pulp silage on fattening performance, carcass yield, and some ruminal fluid parameters in lambs fed with total mixed ration. For this purpose, a total of 16 (average 30 ± 5 kg) 6-month-old Pırlak lambs, 8 in each group, were randomly divided into two groups. Total mixed rations were formulated by using concentrate, wheat straw and rose pulp silage (RPS) (Group 1) or sugar beet pulp silage (SBPS) (Group 2) in the experiment. Due to the low dry …

New Insights On Epidemiology Of Infectious Bronchitis Virus In Iran By Comparing Two Genotyping Methods, Arash Ghalyanchilangeroudi, Hossein Hosseini, Zahra Ziafati Kafi, Naser Sadri, Ali Hojabr Rajeoni, Hamideh Najafi

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Different genotypes of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in poultry are circulating worldwide. The most efficient classification system for IBV genotypes is based on the complete sequencing of S1 gene, and the target organ can be trachea, kidney, oviduct, lung, esophagus, proventriculus, intestine, liver, spleen, bursa, cecal tonsils, cloaca, and testis. In Iran, IBV genotyping is usually performed by partial sequencing of S1 gene, and the trachea is often selected for sampling. This study applies a different genotyping method, and compares the results with the routine method of genotyping. Samples were collected from the trachea and kidneys of 50 broiler flocks …

Effects Of Use Of Conventional And Sexed Semen On Conception Rate, Calf Sex, Calf Birth Weight, And Stillbirth In Holstein Heifers, Tahi̇r Bayril

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Pregnancy rate is low in artificial insemination with sexed semen compared to conventional semen. This situation poses a major problem for dairy farms. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of semen type on conception rate, calf sex and birth weight, stillbirth, pregnancy loss, and postpartum maternal body weight (MBW) in Holstein heifers inseminated with sexed (n = 229), and conventional semen (n = 153). The female and male calf ratios of the heifers inseminated with sexed and conventional semen were found to be 88% to 54.8% and 12% to 45.2%, respectively. There was a significant difference …

Effects Of Free Capric Acid, Lauric Acid, And Coconut Oil Supplementation On Performance, Carcass, And Some Blood Biochemical Parameters Of Broiler Chickens, Mehmet Demi̇rci̇, Şevket Evci̇, Mehmet Aki̇f Karsli, Ali̇ Şenol

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of the addition of free capric (decanoic, C10:0) and lauric (dodecanoic, C12:0) acids and coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil to the broiler diets on performance, carcass yield, internal organ weights and some blood parameters. A total of 144 day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were used in the study, and four main groups were formed with four subgroups containing equal number of chicks. The control (C) group was fed with basal diet without any supplementation and the experimental groups were fed with 0.4% free capric acid (CA)-, lauric acid (LA)-, …

Taxonomic Classification Of Viral And Bacterial Dna Following 2021 Avian Mass Mortality Event, Tessa Baillargeon

Honors Theses and Capstones

From May through July 2021, an unusual mortality event occurred along the eastern coast and Midwest of the United States. Thousands of birds, mostly from the order Passeriformes, were part of the die-off including blue jays (Cyanocitta cristata), common grackles (Quiscalus quiscula), European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris), American robins (Turdus migratorius). Clinical signs included crusted eyes, swollen conjunctiva, otitis, seizures, and ataxia.

The New Hampshire Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (NHVDL) received over 100 affected birds from various collaborators throughout the United States including Washington DC, NJ, CT, MD, and OH. Given the timing and geologic …

Pharmacokinetics And Pharmacodynamics Of Intranasal And Intramuscular Administration Of Naloxone In Working Dogs Administered Fentanyl, Ciara A Barr, Joanne Haughan, Giacomo Gianotti, Kelley Varner, Kenneth J Drobatz, Darko Stefanovski, Mary Robinson, Mark Pennington, Amanda Mcguire, Cynthia M Otto

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Working dogs exposed to narcotics might require reversal in the field.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of naloxone administered intramuscularly (IM) or intranasally (IN) to reverse fentanyl sedation in working dogs.

ANIMALS: Ten healthy, working dogs aged 1.7 ± 1 year and weighing 26 ± 3 kg.

METHODS: In this randomized, controlled cross-over study dogs received either 4 mg of naloxone IN or IM 10 minutes after fentanyl (0.3 mg IV) administration. Sedation was assessed at baseline and 5 minutes after fentanyl administration, then at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 60 and 120 minutes after …

Presumptive Hepatogenous Photosensitization In Beef Cattle Winter Grazing A Cover Crop Containing Brassica Spp. Turnips, Matthew M. Hille, Scott A. Fritz, Breanna C. Brown

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Over a period of ~2 wk, 5 adult beef cows developed severe necrotizing skin lesions on the face and neck shortly after being moved to a field with a cover crop of Brassica spp. turnips. We describe here the clinical signs, hematology, and serum chemistry results, as well as gross and histopathologic findings, from this outbreak. We made a presumptive diagnosis of Brassica-associated liver disease (BALD) based on the similarities in the history and diagnostic findings observed with previously reported cases of BALD from elsewhere in the world. BALD has not been reported previously in cattle in North America, …

Entry Assessment Of Salmonella And E. Coli Contamination In Poultry Feed On The Farms, Ilham Ardiansah

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This research was aimed at precisely estimating the probabilities associated with the presence of Salmonella and E .coli contamination in feed at the entry of broiler and broiler breeder farms. The samples were taken from four different farms during six weeks located in Chonburi Province, Thailand. The microbiological analysis was conducted in the Laboratory of Microbiology, Regional Medical Science Center, Saraburi, Thailand. The entry assessment followed the concept of import risk analysis, including determining models for probabilistic prevalence and the probability of entry. The statistical model used a beta distribution followed by Monte Carlo simulation to assess probabilistic prevalence and …

A Comparative Study Of Oocyte Between Native Cattle And Buffalo Species In Bangladesh: A Qualitative And Quantitative Approach, Zannatul Naim, Md Saiful Islam, Lam Yea Asad, Md Enayet Kabir

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In vitro embryo production (IVP) can help alleviating reproductive difficulties in cattle and buffalo. This study compared qualitative and quantitative features of native cattle and buffalo ovaries and oocytes to understand them comprehensively. In addition, it was conducted to pick the ideal ovaries for oocyte collection and to assess either maturation affects oocyte diameter or not. The ovaries were collected from the local slaughterhouses of Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Next, the quantitative parameters of ovaries were measured, the follicular fluid was aspired, the oocytes were classified, and the diameters of oocytes were determined in both pre and postmaturation. Here, the results …

Development Of A Chitosan Nano-Immersion Vaccine Against Aeromonas Veronii Infection In Red Tilapia (Oreochromis Sp.), Pimwarang Sukkarun

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) is a prominent freshwater fish in Thai aquaculture. It has long been afflicted by severe bacterial diseases, ulcerative syndrome, and hemorrhagic septicemia, primarily caused by Aeromonas veronii. Vaccination is a key strategy for control and prevention. In this study a chitosan nano-immersion vaccine has been developed using a nanoemulsion technique and surface modification method with chitosan polymers. The physicochemical properties, mucoadhesive properties, immune response assays, and vaccine efficacy were investigated. The results showed that the vaccine is spherical-shaped, nanometer-sized, and having monodispersed positive charge. The mucoadhesive characterization, observed by SEM and fluorescence microscope imaging, demonstrated that …

The Expressions Of Mhc Class I And Class Ii In Biopsy Tissues By Immunohistochemistry And The Effect Of Interferon-Gamma (Ifn-Γ) On In Vitro Established Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors, Sudchaya Bhanpattanakul

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Canine mast cell tumors (MCT), common skin tumors in dogs, present difficulties in treatment, emphasizing the need for effective therapeutic protocols. The cancer-immunity cycle's complex interactions between cancer and the immune system play a crucial role in tumor growth. Tumors often evade immune response by downregulating MHC expression, hindering T-cell recognition. Cancer immunotherapy is a promising approach that utilizes the patient's immune system for combating cancer. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), a potent immune substance, plays a crucial role in enhancing MHC expression and immune functionality, crucial for T-cell recognition and cancer cell elimination. Limited research exists on MHC expression, tumor immune response, …

Upscale Production Of Canine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes For Wound Healing In Vitro, Yudith Violetta Pamulang

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-derived exosomes) have been previously reported to enhance wound healing across different phases. However, its practical application has been hindered due to challenges regarding low productivity and the lack of efficient production protocol. Additionally, the usage of exosome-based regenerative treatments in the veterinary field remains relatively unexplored. Hence, this study aimed to address these gaps by establishing a potential upscaling protocol producing canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (cAD-MSC-exosomes) and exploring their wound healing potential in vitro. To facilitate production protocol establishment, an in-house exosome-collecting media, designated as VSCBIC-3, was preliminarily developed. Building upon this foundation, …

Contamination Of Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia Coli, Salmonella Spp., Enterococcus Faecalis, And Enterococcus Faecium In Commercial Raw Meat-Based Diets For Cats And Dogs, Rusmin Indra

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This study aimed to investigate the contamination of third-generation cephalosporin (3GC)-resistant Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Enterococcus faecalis, and E. faecium in commercial raw meat-based diets (RMBDs) for cats and dogs in Thailand. Fifty RMBD products from ten brands were included for total plate count and bacterial isolation. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted for the targeted bacteria. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production and the presence of blaCTX-M and mcr genes were detected. Additionally, E. coli phylogroups and Salmonella serovars were identified. The RMBD samples were contaminated by 3GC-resistant E. coli (80.0%), Salmonella spp. (70.0%), E. faecalis (100%), and E. faecium (84.0%). All …

Volatile Organic Compound Profiles Identifiled In Vaginal Discharge Of Bitches During Estrous Cycle, Amornthep Preechatangkit

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are the metabolites of microorganisms. VOCs are low molecular weight and easily evaporate at room temperature, all odorants are VOC. VOCs are different depending on health status and reproductive status. The objective of this study was to profile the VOCs in bitches during estrous cycle, and to compare VOCs between stages of estrous cycle and between pre-ovulatory, ovulation and post-ovulatory periods. A total of 23 normal, healthy bitches requested for ovulation timing as part of the routine breeding management were used in this study. All animals had a previous history of normal estrous cycle without any …

Reproductive Performance Of Gilts And Sows In Gestation Group Housing And Free Farrowing System In Tropical Climate, Natchanon Dumniem

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Animal welfare is a rising topic in the swine industry, resulting in the adoption of alternative housing systems. However, the knowledge of management practices to mitigate the deleterious effects of these systems on reproductive performance in tropical environments is limited. This thesis aims to determine the impacts of alternative housing systems on the reproductive performance of sows and gilts, comprising 4 parts. i) To compare reproductive performance among conventional crates (CC), group housing gestation pen with temporary farrowing crate (PC), and group housing gestation pen and free-farrowing pen (PP). On average, the farrowing rate of sows in the CC group …

Analytical Performance Of Progesterone Testing Using Surface Plasmon Field-Enhanced Fluorescence Spectroscopy Technology In Dogs, Pimuk Sungprasit

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

A new clinical chemistry analyzer using surface plasmon field-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS) has been introduced into veterinary diagnostic laboratories as a point-of-care unit, enabling rapid turnaround times for both diagnosis and follow-up. Consequently, the test results must be accurate, precise, and reliable. This research aims to evaluate the method performance of the analyzer. The evaluation was conducted according to Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) guidelines using method validation. The performance evaluation included studies on imprecision (within-day and between-day), method comparison, recovery tests, and linearity for determining progesterone concentration. The method validation results showed good and acceptable precision. Serum spiking concentrations …