Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

Effect Of Clostridium Butyricum Supplementation On Production Performance, Egg Quality, Gut Microflora, And Intestinal Morphology Of Laying Hens In The Late Phase Of Production, Phuong Truc Le Ho

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of Clostridium butyricum supplementation on improvement of production performance and egg quality by stimulating the intestinal absorptive function and altering the cecal microbial composition. A total of 216 Hy-Line brown laying hens at 66 weeks of age were allocated randomly into 3 treatments with 6 replicates of 12 hens in a completely randomized design. The dietary treatments included a control group (CT) with a corn-soy basal diet, and the other treatments comprised basal diets supplemented with 250g/ton (CB1) and 500g/ton (CB2) of feed containing C. butyricum strain MIYAIRI 588. The concentration of …

Secondary Traumatic Stress Is An Occupational Hazard For Pet Hospice Support Staff: Psychoeducational Support Groups Provide The Cure, Kari Hayden

DSW Capstone Projects

There are three separate yet interrelated products presented in this final capstone product. The completed product is focused on pet hospice veterinary support staff and the need for an evidence-based social work intervention to combat secondary traumatic stress. This capstone uses the andragogical approach to adult learning theory as the foundation to construct a psychoeducational peer support group specific to this population. Implications for clinical social work in veterinary medicine are presented within this project.

The first scholarly product presented is the Systematic Literature Review (SLR). The SLR utilizes a scoping review process in an attempt to locate prior research …

Influence Of Lactobacillus Plantarum Administration On Some Serum/Tissue (Uterus) Antioxidant And Cytokine Levels In Female Rats Exposed To Cadmium (Cd), İhsan Kisadere, Bariş Güner, Hakan Tavşanli, Mehmet Faruk Aydin, Mustafa Usta

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The study aimed to investigate the effects of oral Lactobacillus plantarum (Lp) administration on some serum/tissue (uterus) antioxidant and cytokine levels as well as histopathologic changes in female rats exposed chronically to Cd. For this purpose, rats were separated into four groups including control (C, n = 8), cadmium (Cd, n = 8), Lp (n = 8), and Cd + Lp (n = 8). Cd (dissolved in water at a dose of 2.04 mg/mL) was orally administered to Cd and Cd + Lp groups for 28 days. Besides, active-live Lp, which was grown at a level of approximately 10$^{8}$-10$^{9}$ cfu/mL …

Antimicrobial Activity Of Plasma Rich In Platelets (Prp) On The Ocular Microbiota Of Healthy Horses From Minas Gerais, Luis E C Torres, Camilo O Florez, Jéssica G Oliveira, Giovanna D Vieira, Ilza S Ribeiro, Kelly M Keller, Fabíola O P Leme, Priscila Fantini, Renata P A Maranhão

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In equine ophthalmology, ulcerative keratitis is among the most common conditions and, in general, arises as a consequence of some trauma suffered. Secondarily, subsequent contamination by pathogenic or resident bacteria of the horse's ocular microbiota may have undesirable consequences. Under physiological conditions, the normal microbiota coexists with the immune status of the host, serving as a barrier, ensuring the health of the ocular surface, and inhibiting the proliferation of pathogens. However, in the imbalance of immune barriers, the normal microbiota can become pathogenic and lead to infection, acting as an opportunistic agent. The present study aims to demonstrate the antimicrobial …

Effect Of Acute And Repeated Noise Exposure On The Behaviour And Lipid Peroxidation In Brain Tissue Of Male And Female Mice, Gabriella Korsós, Kinga Fodor, Annamária Kiss, Anna Blázovics, Sándor György Fekete

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Despite the increasingly obvious sex differences, male animals are still predominantly used to study stress and related disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of repeated noise stress in female and male mice. In the experiment, 12 male and 12 and female SPF/VAF 6-week-old Crl:CD1(lcr) mice were used. After 5 days of acclimatization all animals were placed in the open-field for three consecutive days where each mouse spent 10 min daily without any noise treatment in order to get used to the circumstances of the test. On day 9 to record baseline behaviour the animals were …

The Use Of A Habitat Quality Stress Index To Evaluate Stress As An Analog For Proximate Fitness In The American Crow Within A Matrix Of Landcover Characteristics To Assess Its Potential Contribution To Disease Etiologies, Theodore Lee Grabarz

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

All organisms occur within spatial and temporal environments to maximize proximate fitness (health) and thus life history outcomes. Previous work has examined the temporal and behavioral aspects of proximate fitness on life history outcomes particularly regarding highly perturbed environments (i.e., climate and land use change, resource extraction, agricultural erosion, etc.). My work focuses on the less examined spatial aspect of these perturbed environments. More specifically, this dissertation examines habitat selection and quality as the basis for understanding stress response (negative and positive feedback mechanisms) to environmental stressors within the larger context of regional or gamma (ɣ) biodiversity. Through the lens …

Defining And Exploring Animal Sentience, Andrew N. Rowan, Joyce M. D'Silva Mrs, Ian J.H. Duncan, Nicholas Palmer

Animal Sentience

One of the commentaries on the target article notes that "animal sentience" is difficult to define operationally. This response to the commentaries develops a working, usable definition of animal sentience and examines the relationships between animal emotions and sentience.

A Single-Cell Atlas Of Bovine Skeletal Muscle Reveals Mechanisms Regulating Intramuscular Adipogenesis And Fibrogenesis, Leshan Wang, Peidong Gao, Chaoyag Li, Qianglin Liu, Zeyang Yao, Yuxia Li, Xujia Zhang, Jiangwen Sun, Constantine Simintiras, Matthew Welborn, Kenneth Mcmillin, Stephanie Oprescu, Shihuan Kuang, Xing Fu

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Background: Intramuscular fat (IMF) and intramuscular connective tissue (IMC) are often seen in human myopathies and are central to beef quality. The mechanisms regulating their accumulation remain poorly understood. Here, we explored the possibility of using beef cattle as a novel model for mechanistic studies of intramuscular adipogenesis and fibrogenesis.

Methods: Skeletal muscle single-cell RNAseq was performed on three cattle breeds, including Wagyu (high IMF), Brahman (abundant IMC but scarce IMF), and Wagyu/Brahman cross. Sophisticated bioinformatics analyses, including clustering analysis, gene set enrichment analyses, gene regulatory network construction, RNA velocity, pseudotime analysis, and cell-cell communication analysis, were performed to elucidate …

Influence Of Temperature-Humidity Index, Calf Sex, And Parity On Gestation Length In Holstein Cows, Lazoumi Ouarfli, Abdelmadjid Chehma

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study aimed to analyse the gestation length (GL) variability in locally born purebred Holstein dams (n = 1047), in a private farm, under Saharan climate. The overall GL mean was 278.73 ± 6.67 days. A general linear model revealed that the GL was significantly affected by calf sex (p = 0.035) with a minor increase of 0.19% in males, dam parity (p = 0.016) and calving season (p < 0.0001) including the shortest lengths recorded in heifers and during heat stress period. Moreover, a negative regression (-1.96%) in recent years was recorded in GL by the influence (p = 0.01) of years of birth, breeding, and calving of cows. Our findings show that cows that were inseminated and gave birth during the cold season (temperature-humidity index, THI < 74) had 11.54 days longer (p = 0.048) gestation period compared to animals that were inseminated and gave birth during the hot season (THI > 84). Similarly, the association (p = 0.003) between dam parity and calf sex revealed that the GL of multiparous cows that gave birth to male calves was higher (3.07 days) …

The Efficiency Of Toltrazuril, Thymol, And Toltrazuril + Thymol Combination On Eimeriosis In Lamb, Mehmet Özüi̇çli̇, Ahmet Onur Gi̇ri̇şgi̇n, İhsan Kisadere, Ali̇ İhsan Di̇ker, Ali̇ Erdi̇ Candar, Levent Aydin

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of the treatment with a single dose of toltrazuril 5% (Baycox), thymol (Versatile, Nine Life, United Arab Emirates), and toltrazuril + thymol combination to control Eimeria spp. infection in lambs in intensive feeding. The study was designed with five groups and these groups aligned as; group 1 (negative control group; NEG), group 2 (positive control group; POZ), group 3 (thymol; THY), group 4 (toltrazuril; TOL) and group 5 [(thymol + toltrazuril; (THY + TOL)]. Each group consisted of 26 Merino lambs which are 60-75 days old each. Treatment groups were administered …

Using Different Levels Of Coated Calcium Sodium Butyrate In The Diet Of Quail On Growth Performance, Duodenal Histomorphology, And Some Biochemical Parameters, Mükremi̇n Ölmez, Tarkan Şahi̇n, Şükran Yedi̇el Aras, Özlem Karadağoğlu, Ebru Karadağ Sari, Hati̇ce Gi̇zem Büyükbaki̇, Ebrar Fi̇li̇zoğlu, İdi̇l Şerbetçi̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine growth performance, duodenal histomorphology, and some biochemical parameters in quails' diets containing coated calcium sodium butyrate (CSB). One hundred sixty 1-day-old Japanese quails were arranged into four trial groups consisting of 5 replicates with eight chicks per replicate. One group was formed as a control group without CSB, and the other experimental groups were formed by adding CSB at the level of 0.06% (CSB - 1), 0.08% (CSB - 2), and 0.1% (CSB - 3). All diets were prepared isonitrogenically and isocalorically, with 24% CP and 3000 kcal/kg ME content. The trial …

Investigation Of Relationships Between Serum Lactate, Acute Phase Proteins, Pro/ Antiinflammatory Cytokine Levels, And Metritis Formation In Holstein Dairy Heifers, Talha Avcilar, Davut Koca, Yavuz Nak, Mustafa Eren Şahi̇n, Musa Özgür Özyi̇ği̇t, Deni̇z Nak

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The main purpose of this investigation was to identify and suggest suitable early screening inflammatory markers for the early diagnosis of uterine infections such as acute septic metritis (ASM) in the Holstein heifers. In addition, to achieve the above -mentioned aim, the objectives of the present study were tried to determine the relationship between blood serum lactate, acute phase proteins (APPs), pro/anti inflammatory cytokine levels, and metritis formation in Holstein heifers. For this purpose, 250 Holstein heifers which were 11-13 months old, were chosen as the study material. After heifers were conceived, blood serum samples were collected at the 8th …

Effect Of Different Light Intensities And Colors On Growth Performance And Reproductive Characteristics In Japanese Quails, Fawwad Ahmad, Muhammad Sharif, Muhammad Ashraf, Muhammad Riaz, Muhammad Shoaib, Talha Siddique, Aqian Ahmed, Ahmad Hamad Sheir, Muhammad Ahsan Yaseen, Muhammad Mahboob Ali Hamid

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Light is one of the most important environmental factors in quail farming, as it has a significant impact on production efficiency and reproductive characteristics. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different light intensities and colors on production performance in Japanese quails. For the first experiment, 200 Japanese quails were divided into five treatment groups, each with four replicates (10 birds in each). The birds in the control treatment were exposed to a light intensity of 20 lux, while the other four treatment groups were exposed to light intensities of 10 lux, 15 lux, 25 lux, …

The Effect Of Simvastatin Treatment On Tnf-Alpha-Induced Inflammation In Human Vascular Endothelial Cells (Huvecs), Büşra Görgün, Betül İşi̇ner Kaya, Kübra Kaya, Leyla Di̇dem Kozaci

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study investigates the effects of simvastatin (SMV) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) inflamed by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a). Cells were treated with simvastatin (5 μM, 10 μM, and 50 μM) with/without TNF (20 ng/mL). The effects of simvastatin on the proliferation of cells were examined, and its cytotoxic effect was determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Metalloproteinase expression (MMP-2 and MMP-9) levels of SMV at different concentrations were determined by qPCR, and protein levels were determined by Western blot. The increasing concentrations of SMV down-regulated the expression levels of MMPs. After stimulation with TNF-a, the effect of …

Investigation Of Bmp15 And Gdf9 Gene Polymorphisms And Their Effects On Litter Size In Anatolian Sheep Breed Akkaraman, Koray Kirikçi

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aimed to examine the polymorphism of the BMP15 (FecX$^{G}$ and FecX$^{I}$) and GDF9 (G1 and G4) genes and the association between genotypes and litter size in the Akkaraman breed. Blood samples were taken from 100 ewes in total. Genomic DNA was obtained from whole blood. The PCR-RFLP technique was employed to determine the polymorphisms of the genes under investigation. The G1 was the only polymorphic among the four loci analyzed. The frequencies for the GA and GG genotypes were 0.26 and 0.74, respectively, while the A and G allele frequencies were 0.13 and 0.87, respectively. The observed and …

Could There Be A Relationship Between Feeding Characteristics And The Shape Of Condylus Occipitalis And Foramen Magnum In Mammals?, Yasi̇n Demi̇raslan, İsmai̇l Demi̇rci̇oğlu, İftar Gürbüz, Funda Aksünger Karaavci, Abdullah Ortadeveci, Özcan Özgel

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of the study was to investigate the shape of the foramen magnum and condylus occipitalis of mammalian species belonging to different feeding groups. For this, two-dimensional geometric morphometric method analyses were applied. The data from the skulls of the 12 species were used. In principal component analysis, the first three principal components accounted for 70.353%of the total shape variation. According to the first principal component, the dorsal edge of the condylus occipitalis and foramen magnum contributed the most to shape variation. Most of the individuals were correctly separated according to the feeding groups. The most accurate grouping features …

Long Term Changes In Aquaculture Influence Migration, Regional Abundance, And Distribution Of An Avian Species, Paul C. Burr, Brian S. Dorr, Jimmy L. Avery, Garrett M. Street, Bronson K. Strickland

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Agricultural development has been causing changes to the environment and the abundance and distribution of avian species. Agriculture is dynamic with changes in products occurring at large scales over relatively short time periods. The catfish aquaculture industry is one such agriculture industry that has undergone dramatic changes over the last 25 years. The double-crested cormorant (Nannopterum auritum) is a piscivorous bird that has an extensive history with the aquaculture industry of Mississippi due to its depredation of cultured catfish. A large-scale monitoring program began in 1989 to estimate the abundance and location of cormorants at every known roost in the …

The Past, Present, And Future Of Equine Science, Sarah H. White-Springer, Jason E. Bruemmer, Robert J. Coleman

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

A core group of 27 equine nutritionists and physiologists joined together in the late 1960s to formally address and enhance the direction of equine research, creating the Equine Nutrition and Physiology Soci- ety. In 2003, that growing society transformed into the Equine Science Society, which now serves as the preeminent, internationally recognized scientific equine organization. In recent years, it has been appre- ciated that equine science encompasses a wide range of focus areas, including exercise science, nutrition, genetics, reproductive physiology, teaching and extension, production and management, and mix of other specialties, qualified as biosciences. Additionally, trainees are highly valued in …

Using Drones To Detect And Quantify Wild Pig Damage And Yield Loss In Corn Fields Throughout Plant Growth Stages, Bethany A. Friesenhahn, Lori D. Massey, Randy W. Deyoung, Michael J. Cherry, Justin W. Fischer, Nathan P. Snow, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Humberto L. Perotto‐Baldivieso

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Presently, there are an estimated 6.9 million wild pigs (Sus scrofa) in the U.S., which cause over US$1 billion in damage to agriculture, environmental impacts, and control costs. However, estimates of damage have varied widely, creating a need for standardized monitoring and a method to accurately estimate the economic costs of direct wild pig damage to agriculture. The goal of our study was to integrate remotely sensed imagery from drones and crop harvest data to quantify wild pig damage in corn fields. We used drones with natural color (red, green, blue) cameras to monitor corn fields at different …

The Impact Of The Covid‑19 Pandemic On Wildlife–Aircraft Collisions At Us Airports, Levi Altringer, Sophie C. Mckee, Jason D. Kougher, Michael J. Begier, Stephanie A. Shwiff

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Exploiting unprecedented reductions in aircraft movements caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, we investigated the relationship between air traffic volume and the frequency of wildlife-aircraft collisions, or wildlife strikes, at the 50 largest airports in the United States. During the COVID- 19 months of 2020 (March–December), both air traffic volume and the absolute number of wildlife strikes were reduced. The net effect of these two movements, however, was an increase in the wildlife strike rate from May 2020–September 2020. This increase was found to be most pronounced at airports with larger relative declines in air traffic volume. We concluded that the …